CN110698034A - Sludge in-situ recycling system device - Google Patents
Sludge in-situ recycling system device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110698034A CN110698034A CN201910916217.XA CN201910916217A CN110698034A CN 110698034 A CN110698034 A CN 110698034A CN 201910916217 A CN201910916217 A CN 201910916217A CN 110698034 A CN110698034 A CN 110698034A
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/104—Granular carriers
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
- C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
- C10B1/04—Vertical retorts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
- C02F2003/003—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms using activated carbon or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and discloses a sludge in-situ recycling system device which comprises a vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device, a vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace, a crushing vacuum liquefaction device, a tail gas wet treatment device, a dust remover, a heat exchanger and a negative pressure device. The invention realizes the real seamless connection and closed loop of sludge treatment and disposal by the biological drying carbonization energy-saving resource treatment and in-situ recycling technology, promotes the development of related extended industries, and really meets the requirements of 'green, circulation and low carbon'. The technology is a novel sludge treatment comprehensive system with high integration level, and has the technical advantages of low operation cost, small occupied area, high automation degree, simple operation management, no secondary pollution and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a sludge in-situ recycling system device.
Background
The sludge is inevitably generated in the urban sewage treatment, the daily yield of the sludge (with the water content of 80%) in the country is about four thousand to ten thousand tons according to the estimation of the proportion of the sludge accounting for 0.8 per thousand, and the sludge has low organic matter content and low total heat value due to high water content, thereby bringing great difficulty to the recycling. At present, a plurality of technologies and equipment are developed for reducing the water content in the sludge, such as a high-pressure plate-and-frame filter pressing technology, a heat pump technology, a thin-layer heat drying technology, a rotary kiln drying technology and the like, but the technologies only achieve the purpose of sludge reduction. Therefore, a technology for biologically composting the dewatered sludge is developed on the basis of the high-efficiency dewatering technology, the product is recycled as an organic fertilizer and used in farmlands, and the problems of heavy metal and antibiotic residues and the like in compost products prepared from the sludge after water treatment are solved. Aiming at the problem of heavy metal and antibiotic residue, a sludge carbonization technology is developed. The sludge carbonization needs heating, the high-temperature carbonization can enable the carbonized substance to have the characteristics of large specific area and aperture, high activity and the like, but the fuel cost is high, the medium-low temperature carbonization controls the fuel cost, but the carbonized substance has small specific area and aperture and poor activity, can not be applied to a water treatment purifying material of a sewage treatment plant by in-situ circulation, and can only be regarded as a low-quality stabilized byproduct to implement harmless landfill or a partial soil improving material. And the odor tail gas generated in the process of drying and carbonizing the biological compost of the sludge is always difficult to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a novel sludge treatment and disposal technology with high integration level, which has the advantages of low operation cost, small occupied area, high automation degree and simple operation management, and realizes the reduction, stabilization, harmlessness and reclamation of sludge treatment and disposal.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following means.
A sludge in-situ recycling system device comprises a vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device, a vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace, a crushing vacuum liquefaction device, a tail gas wet treatment device, a dust remover, a heat exchanger and a negative pressure device; the vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device comprises a drying device main body and a stirring device; the upper part of the drying device main body is provided with a feed inlet and a biological drying gas outlet, the bottom of the drying device main body is provided with a dried biomass discharge port and a gas inlet, the stirring device is positioned in the drying device main body, and the biological drying gas outlet is connected with the negative pressure device; the vertical sand-free jet flow carbonization furnace is provided with an organic waste jet orifice, an ignition burner, an air jet orifice, a circulating exhaust inlet, a carbide outlet and a carbonization exhaust outlet; the crushing vacuum liquefaction device comprises a jet mill, a vacuum degassing liquefaction device, a liquefaction water tank, a vacuum device, a liquefied water lift pump and a discharging device; the jet mill is connected with the vacuum degassing liquefaction device through a feed pipeline, the liquefied water tank is connected with a liquefied water lift pump, an outlet of the liquefied water lift pump is connected into the feed pipeline, the top of the vacuum degassing liquefaction device is connected with the vacuum device, and the bottom of the vacuum degassing liquefaction device is connected with the discharge device; the tail gas wet treatment device comprises a carbonization exhaust inlet, a biological drying tail gas inlet, a spraying and mixing device, a dissolving liquid storage tank and a dissolving liquid circulating pump; a carbonization exhaust inlet and a biological drying tail gas inlet are connected into a spraying and mixing device, and a dissolving liquid circulating pump is connected with a dissolving liquid storage tank and the spraying and mixing device; the heat exchanger takes air as a medium for cooling and is provided with a cold air inlet, a hot air outlet, a hot carbonized gas inlet and a cold carbonized gas outlet; the dried biomass discharge port is connected with an organic waste injection port, and the carbide outlet is connected with an airflow crusher; the biological drying gas outlet is connected with a pressure device after passing through a gas-liquid separation unit, and a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation unit is connected with a biological drying tail gas inlet of a tail gas wet treatment device; the carbonization exhaust outlet is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the hot carbonization gas inlet, and the other path is connected with the circulating exhaust inlet; the cold carbonization gas outlet is connected with the carbonization exhaust inlet of the tail gas wet treatment device through a dust remover; the hot air outlet of the heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the air inlet of the vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device, and the other path is connected with the air nozzle of the vertical sand-free jet flow carbonization furnace.
The content of organic matters obtained after sewage treatment is more than 40 percent (if sludge which can not meet the conditions can not meet the requirements by quantitatively adding organic wastes such as food oil, kitchen waste, poultry manure, wood dust and the like according to local materials according to actual conditions), dehydrated sludge with the water content of not more than 80 percent or the water content of 50-60 percent is sent into a vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device to be rapidly dried under the negative pressure state by utilizing biological fermentation heat and carbonization recovery heat until the water content is less than 40 percent, the dried sludge enters a vertical sand-free jet carbonization section for pyrolysis and carbonization, solid carbonized matters and gaseous pyrolysis gas are formed after the pyrolysis and carbonization, and the carbonized matters are activated and modified to form sludge dewatering auxiliary agents and sewage treatment agents, the pyrolysis gas is used as fuel to provide energy for a carbonization furnace and a biological drying device through full combustion. The biological drying unit produces partial fermented ammonia gas to provide reagents required by carbonization and desulfurization, and the aims of drying sludge without adding fuel (except ignition start) and treating the tail gas of the system up to the standard without adding chemical reagents are really met. Carbide particles and powder are crushed into powder with more than 50 meshes by a jet mill and can be directly conveyed to a vacuum degassing and liquefying unit by using gas, a liquefying water pump is arranged on a pipeline and connected with the liquefying water pump, and water pumped by the pump is mixed with the powder sludge carbide and then enters the vacuum degassing unit; the air in the closed container is pumped out by vacuum to form negative pressure, and the negative pressure is controlled in the range of 0.03MPa to 0.098 MPa. And pumping out gas in the pores of the active carbonized liquid under the negative pressure state, so that the gas is reduced in hydrophilicity, can be quickly settled at the bottom of the vacuum liquefying device, and is output to a sewage treatment plant through a screw pump or directly packaged to prepare an active carbonized liquid water treatment purifying agent product for export sales. The active carbonized liquid after the crushing, liquefying and vacuum processing can replace the powder active carbon on the conventional market to be recycled in situ as a functional material with high cost performance, and can be used as a biological carrier of an aeration tank, an adsorption/flocculant, a sludge dewatering auxiliary agent, a dioxin treating agent, a deodorant, a soil improving material, a snow melting agent, a sludge drying regulator and the like.
The upper part of the drying device main body is cylindrical, the bottom of the drying device main body is conical, a cover plate is arranged at the top of the cylinder, an upper bearing sleeve is arranged at the lower part of the cover plate, a feed inlet and a biological drying air outlet are arranged on the cover plate, the biological drying air outlet is connected with a vacuum device, and a discharge outlet, a liquid discharge port and an air inlet are arranged at the bottom of the biological drying air outlet; the stirring device comprises a spiral unpowered conveying device, a solid conveying pump, a feeding pipe and a return pipe; the spiral unpowered conveying device comprises a barrel and a spiral stirring shaft, wherein equidistant spiral blades are arranged on the spiral stirring shaft, the spiral stirring shaft is positioned in the barrel, the spiral unpowered conveying device is vertically arranged in a drying device main body, the top of the barrel is not contacted with a cover plate, a lower bearing sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the barrel and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the barrel through spokes, the top of a spiral stirring shaft is sleeved in an upper bearing sleeve, and the bottom of the spiral stirring shaft is sleeved in a lower bearing sleeve; a return pipe is arranged at the bottom of the drying device main body; the inlet of the solid conveying pump is connected with the outlet of the return pipe, one end of the feeding pipe is connected with the outlet of the solid conveying pump, and the other end of the feeding pipe vertically and upwards enters from the bottom of the drying device main body to be connected with the bottom of the barrel of the spiral unpowered conveying device.
Dewatered sludge with water content less than 80% or other organic waste with organic matter content greater than 40% is fed via the feeding port, aerobic/facultative high temperature fermenting microbe is added for biological fermentation, and the material is conveyed via the return pipe and the solid conveying pump to the screw unpowered conveyer. The rotation of the spiral stirring shaft is started by the self-rotation of the spiral stirring shaft under the thrust and gravity pressure of the dried sludge conveyed by the solid conveying pump, and the continuous or intermittent spiral conveying and stirring are carried out on the dried fermented sludge from bottom to top; the spiral stirring shaft has the dual functions of sludge conveying and stirring: the bottom fermented sludge can be conveyed out of the top of the barrel through the spiral stirring shaft, and the gravity falls and covers the upper part of the sludge layer of the biological drying device, so that the sludge is uniformly stirred and mixed up and down. In addition, local sludge is homogenized and mixed within a small range in the barrel in the spiral conveying process, so that the fermentation inside the whole barrel is uniform, no dead angle exists, odor cannot escape and the like. The device is vertical, so that the sludge biological drying retention time is short and about 3-12 h, and the device can be made into a portable device with small floor area. A biological drying air outlet is arranged at the top of the biological drying device and is directly connected with a negative pressure device to form a pressure reducing unit; because the water-containing sludge (such as sludge with the water content of 80-70 percent) is continuously or intermittently fed into the feeding port, the feeding port is isolated from the outside air due to the sealing state formed by the accumulation of the materials. The negative pressure device is used for sucking the air in the biological drying device room and reducing the air into a negative pressure state lower than the atmospheric pressure, the negative pressure value in the biological drying device is preferably 0.02-0.098 Mpa, so that the boiling point value of water is reduced to 95-68 ℃, because the boiling point of water contained in the sludge is lowered under the negative pressure state, the water in the sludge is continuously and quickly discharged in the continuous stirring and output drying process, namely the water passes through the internal space of the drying device, the water content in the sludge is greatly reduced, and the biological fermentation heat direct drying and physical recovery heat indirect drying can be cooperated to reach a target value less than 40 percent, so that the biological drying device is more efficient and miniaturized compared with a common intermittent or continuous biological fermentation drying device. A small amount of air is continuously injected into the internal space in the negative pressure state, and the air source can be normal-temperature air or hot air obtained by heat exchange. Air permeates into the negative pressure biological drying device at a high speed, and water vapor in the sludge is rapidly discharged along with the high-speed airflow biological drying device, so that the moisture content in the sludge is greatly reduced, and the rapid drying of the sludge is promoted. The invention actively utilizes the biological fermentation heat, the related biological fermentation heat is the principle of obtaining biological heat energy by using biological fermentation compost, and on the basis of physical heating under the negative pressure condition, the biological fermentation mode can be quickly led into the logarithmic growth period and the stabilization period, and the generation of the biological heat energy is realized efficiently, continuously and controllably. The cover plate arranged on the biological drying device is in a sealed state so as to directly prevent odor from escaping. The solid delivery pump adopts a single-shaft screw pump.
An air inlet pipe is further arranged in the vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device, one end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is movably connected with the spiral stirring shaft; the air inlet pipe is a porous pipe, the air inlet pipe extends into the drying device main body, the pore diameter of air holes of the porous pipe is 2-10 mm, the air holes are distributed on two sides of the pipeline, and an included angle of 30-45 degrees is formed between the air holes and the horizontal plane; the spiral stirring shaft is a hollow shaft with a sealed top, a plurality of air holes are formed in the spiral stirring shaft, and the aperture of each air hole is 2-10 mm.
Heat exchange air of 60-70 ℃ is introduced into the hollow channel inside the spiral stirring shaft through the air inlet pipe to indirectly physically heat the inside of the sludge, and on the basis of physical heating under a negative pressure condition, a biological fermentation mode can be quickly introduced into a logarithmic growth period and a stabilization period, so that the generation time of biological heat energy can be efficiently, continuously and controllably controlled. The distribution of the air holes on the air inlet pipe can prevent the sludge from entering the air holes to block the air pipe, and can also uniformly distribute the air in the biological drying device.
Furthermore, the upper top end and the lower top end of the spiral stirring shaft are both in a truncated cone shape, the gap between the spiral stirring shaft and the upper bearing sleeve and the gap between the spiral stirring shaft and the lower bearing sleeve are 0.5-1.0 mm, and the spiral stirring shaft can move up and down between the upper bearing sleeve and the lower bearing sleeve.
The spiral stirring shaft is in a suspension state during working, the top of the shaft directly reaches the upper bearing sleeve below the cover plate of the biological drying device, the gap between the bearing sleeve and the shaft is 0.5-1.0 mm, the bearing sleeve and the bearing are prevented from being worn, a stainless steel ring with the height of 20mm is fixed on the bearing sleeve to form a whole, the upper top end and the lower top end of the spiral stirring shaft are both in a truncated cone shape, and resistance can be reduced; under the condition that the shaft does not work, the whole shaft freely descends, and the descending amplitude is set to be 50-150 mm.
Furthermore, the furnace body of the vertical sand-free jet flow carbonization furnace is cylindrical, the furnace bottom is conical, the inner wall of the furnace is lined with refractory materials, and the whole furnace is sealed; the carbonization furnace is divided into a non-combustion area, a refining area and a secondary combustion area from bottom to top; the noncombustible zone is arranged at the bottom of the furnace and is provided with a carbide outlet, a first circulating exhaust inlet and a spiral gas distributor; the spiral gas distributor is arranged at the lowest part of the cone, the carbide outlet is vertically led out downwards from the position with the largest diameter of the cone, and the first circulating exhaust inlet is arranged in the middle of the cone and is opposite to the carbide outlet; the refining zone is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, and an ignition burner, an organic waste jet orifice, a primary air jet orifice and a second circulating exhaust inlet are arranged on the furnace wall of the refining zone; the ignition burner and the second circulating exhaust inlet are symmetrically arranged by the central line of the furnace body, the organic waste injection ports are divided into two organic waste upper injection ports and two organic waste lower injection ports h which are respectively positioned above and below the second circulating exhaust inlet, and the primary air nozzle is positioned above the ignition burner; the secondary combustion zone is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body, and a secondary air nozzle, a carbonization exhaust outlet and a third circulation exhaust inlet are arranged on the furnace wall of the secondary combustion zone; the carbonization exhaust outlet is arranged at the top of the secondary combustion area, and the secondary air nozzle is arranged in the middle of the secondary combustion area; the primary air nozzle, the secondary air nozzle and the spiral air distributor are respectively connected with a hot air outlet of the heat exchanger; the first circulation exhaust inlet, the second circulation exhaust inlet, the third circulation exhaust inlet and the spiral gas distributor are respectively connected with the carbonization exhaust outlet.
The vertical sand-free jet flow carbonization furnace is started, an ignition burner is adopted to ignite under the condition that air is supplied by a primary air nozzle, organic waste is heated and ignited, part of the organic waste is combusted in a refining area by primary combustion, carbonization is carried out by heat generated by combustion, the combustion comprises mixed combustion of solid combustion and gasification combustion, the burner is closed when a secondary combustion heat recovery cycle of the whole system normally runs, a carbonization mode without external fuel is implemented, the temperature of the refining area is controlled within the range of 600-800 ℃, the refining time is shortened, the quality of carbonized materials is stable, and the generation of dioxin is inhibited. The solid falls into a non-combustion area after being combusted, and oxygen is deficient due to no supply or little supply of air, so that the organic waste is extinguished, cooled to be below the ignition temperature, and activated through steam, and sludge particles are foamed to form carbide with high porosity and strong surface activity. Combustible gas which is not combusted in the refining zone enters a secondary combustion zone at the upper part and is completely combusted with secondary supply air, and the exhaust temperature is over 800 ℃ to prevent the generation of dioxin; the secondary combustion area is provided with two layers of air nozzles, so that odor generated by drying organic wastes and combustible gas generated by the refining area can be utilized to implement full combustion, the effective retention time of the area is more than 2S, and complete combustion can be ensured. An exhaust outlet of the secondary combustion area is connected with the heat exchanger; the fly ash is recovered and purified by a dust remover after the heat exchange of the heat exchanger; and directly introducing the furnace exhaust gas which is not subjected to heat exchange and dust removal into the furnace for circulation through the first circulating exhaust inlet, the second circulating exhaust inlet, the third circulating exhaust inlet and the spiral gas distributor. Fresh air is heated by heat exchange, a small amount of fresh air enters the furnace through the spiral air distributor, and the majority of fresh air enters the furnace through the primary air nozzle and the secondary air nozzle, so that the temperature in the furnace can be maintained, and the possibility of no external fuel is realized.
And the carbide outlet is further provided with a cooler and carbide conveying equipment, and the carbide conveying equipment is connected with the jet mill.
Further be equipped with the hollow tube in the spiral gas distributor, be equipped with dustproof blade on the hollow tube, be equipped with a plurality of air jets on the hollow tube, the air jet is established between two dustproof blade and is close to last dustproof blade position, and air jet opening level is downward, and the hollow tube bottom is equipped with gaseous spiral import.
Gas enters through the gas spiral inlet, high-speed spiral of airflow is ensured under the drainage effect of the dustproof blades, and the air is sprayed under the dustproof blades, and sludge falls off when being shielded by the blades, so that the exhaust port is prevented from being blocked by carbide.
Furthermore, the organic waste jet orifice is eccentrically arranged, and a material blowing device is arranged outside the organic waste jet orifice.
Adopt the auger delivery mode to carry out in succession to adding solid material in the stove, this feed mode exists the inhomogeneous drawback of material dispersion, has the circulating fan energy consumption problem that consumes more. Adopt spiral delivery to combine the pipeline air to blow, blow in the stove through the eccentric rotation of organic waste jet for the organic waste granule flows along with the rotatory suspension of air current, saved the sand that uses in the conventional incinerator here, such optimal design ensures organic waste homogeneous combustion, has stopped local high temperature hotspot to take place, keeps high temperature and improves the carbonization state in the supply air, makes the resistance that the circulating air flow got into diminish moreover, thereby has saved the energy consumption by a wide margin.
Furthermore, the number of the secondary air nozzles is multiple, the secondary air nozzles are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer, the distance between the layers is 250-500 mm, and each layer is provided with 3-6 secondary air nozzles; the secondary air nozzle inclines downwards in the vertical direction, and an included angle of 10-30 degrees is formed between the secondary air nozzle and the radius of the furnace body in the horizontal direction.
Preferably 25 degrees, under the wind pressure of 500mmHg, the air flow speed of each nozzle is controlled within the range of 20-80 m/s, the combustible gas and secondary supply air can be promoted to be effectively mixed in the furnace, the complete combustion is carried out to the temperature of over 800 ℃, and the generation of dioxin is prevented.
The vacuum degassing liquefaction device comprises a degassing tank and a water storage tank, the top of the degassing tank and the top of the water storage tank are connected with each other through an overflow pipe, the middle of the degassing tank is connected with a feeding pipeline, the bottom of the degassing tank is connected with a discharging device, the bottom of the water storage tank is connected with a vacuum device, the bottom of the water storage tank is connected with a reflux pump, and the outlet of the reflux pump is connected into the liquefaction water tank.
The separated liquid reflux pump is circulated to the liquefied water tank as the water source for liquefied carbide, and the lost part is replenished with fresh water to obtain active carbonized liquid water treatment purifying material with minimum water consumption.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the method realizes the real seamless connection and closed loop of sludge treatment and disposal, promotes the development of related extended industries, and really meets the requirements of 'green, circulation and low carbon';
2) the system has the technical advantages of low operation cost, small occupied area, high automation degree, simple operation management, no secondary pollution and the like;
3) after the prepared carbide is subjected to crushing, degassing and hydrophobization treatment, the adsorption performance of the carbide on COD (chemical oxygen demand) in printing and dyeing wastewater in water treatment is higher than that of the commercially available activated carbon; the oxygen utilization efficiency of the aeration air can be improved when the device is used in an aeration tank; the product is used as a methane fermentation promoter, is beneficial to promoting the increase of methane fermentation load and the increase of the treatment capacity of a digestion tank by growing anaerobic microorganisms on the surface of the biochar and improving methane fermentation; slurry mixed with carbide water is sprayed on a bag filter and is connected with a wet deodorization device taking the carbide as a filler in series, so that malodorous gas in a gas phase can be adsorbed, odorous components in a liquid phase can be dissolved, and dioxin can be removed; can adsorb siloxane generated in the methane fermentation and sewage sludge biological drying processes; can be used as a dehydration auxiliary agent to be put into a sludge tank to replace lime, iron and the like, improve the dehydration performance of the sludge, reduce the water content of the dehydrated sludge and improve the heat value of the sludge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a sludge in-situ recycling system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a biological drying device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a screw unpowered conveyor;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace;
FIG. 5 is a view of a secondary air jet arrangement;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a spiral gas distributor;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a refining zone;
FIG. 8 is a crushing vacuum liquefaction plant;
FIG. 9 is a microstructure comparison of the carbide prepared according to the present invention with a commercially available activated carbon;
the system comprises a vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device 1, a vertical sand-free jet flow carbonization furnace 2, a crushing vacuum liquefaction device 3, a heat exchanger 4, a dust remover 5, a tail gas wet treatment device 6, a negative pressure device 7, a sewage treatment plant 8, a dewatering device 9, a biological drying air outlet 11, a biological drying device main body 12, a return pipe 13, a broken bridge sludge storage bin 14, a solid delivery pump 15, a feed inlet 16, a spiral unpowered delivery device 17, an air inlet pipe 18, a discharge outlet 19, a liquid discharge outlet 10, a carbonization exhaust outlet b1, a furnace upper thermometer b2., a tail gas O2 detector, a b3. exhaust circulation jet flow pressure gauge, a b4. in-furnace pressure gauge, a b5. under-furnace thermometer, a c a third circulation exhaust inlet, a d1. secondary air nozzle, a d2, a secondary air nozzle d3. secondary air nozzle, a d4. secondary air nozzle, a carbonization secondary air nozzle, e1. The device comprises a secondary air nozzle, e2. secondary air nozzles, e3. secondary air nozzles, e4. secondary air nozzles, f organic waste upper injection ports, g organic waste second circulation exhaust inlets, h organic waste lower injection ports, i organic waste first circulation exhaust inlets, j gas spiral inlets, k carbide outlets, I primary air nozzles, 21 furnace bodies, 22 ignition burners, 23 carbide outlets, 24 carbide conveying equipment, 25 spiral gas distributors, 501 hollow pipes, 502 dustproof blades, 503 gas nozzles, 26 coolers, 31 airflow crushers, 32 liquefaction water tanks, 33 water ring vacuum pumps, 34 liquefied water lifting pumps, 35 discharging devices, 36 degassing tanks, 37 water storage tanks and 38 reflux pumps.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. The raw materials used in the invention are all commercial products.
Example 1
A sludge in-situ recycling system device comprises a vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device 1, a vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace 2, a crushing vacuum liquefaction device 3, a tail gas wet treatment device 6, a dust remover 5, a heat exchanger 4 and a negative pressure device 7;
a vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device 1 comprises a drying device main body and a stirring device; the drying device comprises a drying device body, a negative pressure device 7, a drying biomass discharge port 19, a liquid discharge port 10, an air inlet pipe 18 and a spiral stirring shaft, wherein the upper part of the drying device body is cylindrical, a cover plate is arranged at the top of the cylinder, an upper bearing sleeve is arranged at the lower part of the cover plate, the cover plate is provided with the feed inlet 16 and a biological drying air outlet 11, the biological drying air outlet 11 is connected with the negative pressure device 7, the bottom of the biological drying air outlet is conical, the angle of a cone is designed to be less than 45 degrees, sliding mixing of; the air inlet pipe 18 is a porous pipe, the pore diameter of the pores of the porous pipe is 2-10 mm, the porous pipe is distributed on two sides of the pipeline, and an included angle of 30-45 degrees is formed between the air inlet pipe and the horizontal plane; the stirring device comprises a spiral unpowered conveying device 17, a solid conveying pump 15, a feeding pipe and a return pipe 13; the spiral unpowered conveying device 17 comprises a cylinder body and a spiral stirring shaft, wherein spiral blades with equal intervals are arranged on the spiral stirring shaft, the diameter of each spiral blade is generally controlled to be 100-500 mm, and the intervals are controlled to be 100-200 mm; the spiral stirring shaft is positioned in the cylinder, the spiral unpowered conveying device 17 is vertically arranged in the drying device main body, the top of the cylinder is not contacted with the cover plate, the bottom of the cylinder is provided with a lower bearing sleeve, the lower bearing sleeve is fixedly connected with the bottom of the cylinder through spokes, the top of the spiral stirring shaft is sleeved in the upper bearing sleeve, and the bottom of the spiral stirring shaft is sleeved in the lower bearing sleeve; the upper top end and the lower top end of the spiral stirring shaft are both in a truncated cone shape, a gap of 0.5-1.0 mm is reserved between the spiral stirring shaft and the upper bearing sleeve and between the spiral stirring shaft and the lower bearing sleeve, and the spiral stirring shaft can move up and down by 50-150 mm between the upper bearing sleeve and the lower bearing sleeve. The diameter of the cylinder body is 1/3-1/5 of the main body diameter of the drying device, the cylinder body is a wedge-shaped net cylinder made of triangular wedge-shaped wires, the diameter of the wires is 0.5-1.5 mm, the wedge-shaped net cylinder is fixed into a whole by two symmetrical bolts of semi-cylindrical wedge-shaped net cylinder flange wing additional gaskets, and sludge crushing knives are uniformly arranged on two opposite surfaces of the upper part of the wedge-shaped net cylinder, which are close to a discharge port 19200-500 mm. A return pipe 13 is arranged at the bottom of the drying device main body, the outlet of the return pipe 13 is connected with a bridge breaking sludge storage bin 14, and a breaking reamer is arranged in the bridge breaking sludge storage bin 14; an inlet of a solid delivery pump 15 is connected with an outlet of a broken bridge sludge storage bin 14, one end of a feed pipe is connected with an outlet of the solid delivery pump 15, and the other end of the feed pipe vertically and upwards enters from the bottom of a drying device main body and is connected with the bottom of a barrel body of a spiral unpowered delivery device 17. Spiral (mixing) shaft is the cavity setting, and spiral (mixing) shaft's bottom and intake pipe 18 pass through bearing seal and hose swing joint, and spiral (mixing) shaft's top is sealed, and it has a plurality of gas pockets to open on the spiral (mixing) shaft, and the gas pocket aperture is 2 ~ 10 mm.
The shaft 21 of the vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace 2 is cylindrical, the bottom of the furnace is conical, the inner wall of the furnace is lined with refractory materials, and the whole furnace is sealed; the carbonization furnace is divided into a non-combustion area, a refining area and a secondary combustion area from bottom to top; the incombustible area is arranged at the bottom of the furnace and is provided with a carbide outlet 23, a first circulating exhaust inlet i and a spiral gas distributor 25; the spiral gas distributor 25 is arranged at the lowest part of the cone, the carbide discharge port is vertically led out downwards from the position with the maximum diameter of the cone, and the first circulating exhaust inlet i is arranged in the middle of the cone and is opposite to the position of the carbide outlet 23; the refining zone is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body 21, and an ignition burner 22, an organic waste jet orifice, a primary air jet orifice I and a second circulating exhaust inlet g are arranged on the furnace wall of the refining zone; the ignition burner 22 and the second circulating exhaust inlet g are symmetrically arranged by the central line of the furnace body 21, the organic waste injection ports are divided into two parts, namely an organic waste upper injection port f and an organic waste lower injection port h which are respectively positioned above and below the second circulating exhaust inlet g, the organic waste injection ports are eccentrically arranged, a material blowing device is arranged outside the organic waste injection ports, and the primary air injection port I is positioned above the ignition burner 22; the secondary combustion zone is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body 21, and the furnace wall of the secondary combustion zone is provided with secondary air nozzles d1-4 and e1-4, a carbonized exhaust outlet a and a third circulating exhaust inlet c; the carbonization exhaust outlet a is arranged at the top of the secondary combustion zone, a plurality of secondary air nozzles d1-4 and e1-4 are arranged in the middle of the secondary combustion zone, the secondary air nozzles d1-4 and e1-4 are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer, the interlayer spacing is 250-500 mm, and each layer is provided with 3-6 secondary air nozzles d1-4 and e 1-4; the secondary air nozzles d1-4 and e1-4 are inclined downwards in the vertical direction, and form an included angle of 10-30 degrees with the radius of the furnace body 21 in the horizontal direction; the primary air nozzle I, the secondary air nozzles d1-4, e1-4 and the spiral air distributor 25 are respectively connected with a hot air outlet of the heat exchanger 4; the first circulation exhaust inlet i, the second circulation exhaust inlet g, the third circulation exhaust inlet c and the spiral gas distributor 25 are respectively connected with the carbonization exhaust outlet a. The spiral gas distributor 25 is internally provided with a hollow tube 501, the hollow tube 501 is provided with dustproof blades, the hollow tube 501 is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles 503, the gas nozzles 503 are arranged between the two dustproof blades and are close to the positions of the upper dustproof blades, the opening level of the gas nozzles 503 is downward, and the bottom of the hollow tube 501 is provided with a gas spiral inlet i.
The crushing vacuum liquefaction device 3 comprises a jet mill 31, a vacuum degassing liquefaction device, a liquefied water tank 32, a water ring vacuum pump 33, a liquefied water lift pump 34 and a discharging device 35; the vacuum degassing liquefaction device comprises a degassing tank 36 and a water storage tank 37, wherein the top parts of the degassing tank 36 and the water storage tank 37 are connected through an overflow pipe; the jet mill 31 is connected with the middle part of a degassing tank 36 through a feed pipeline, a liquefied water tank 32 is connected with a liquefied water lift pump 34, an outlet of the liquefied water lift pump 34 is connected with the feed pipeline, the bottom of the degassing tank 36 is connected with a discharging device 35, the top of a water storage tank 37 is connected with a water ring vacuum pump 33, the bottom of the water storage tank 37 is connected with a return pump 38, an outlet of the return pump 38 is connected with the liquefied water tank 32 for recycling, and loss water brought out by a carbonization liquid is supplemented into the liquefied water tank 32 by fresh clean water.
The tail gas wet treatment device 6 comprises a carbonization exhaust inlet, a biological drying tail gas inlet, a spraying and mixing device, a dissolving liquid storage tank and a dissolving liquid circulating pump; a carbonization exhaust inlet and a biological drying tail gas inlet are connected into a spraying and mixing device, and a dissolving liquid circulating pump is connected with a dissolving liquid storage tank and the spraying and mixing device; the dissolved solution circulates in the spraying and mixing device and absorbs the carbonized exhaust gas and the biological drying tail gas into the dissolved solution for neutralization reaction, 2NH3·H2O ten SO2＝(NH4)2SO3Ten H2And O, discharging the dissolved solution and supplementing new dissolved solution after reacting to a certain extent without adding other chemical agents.
The heat exchanger 4 is cooled by taking air as a medium and is provided with a cold air inlet, a hot air outlet, a hot carbonized gas inlet and a cold carbonized gas outlet.
The dried biomass discharge port 19 is connected with an organic waste injection port, the carbide outlet 23 is provided with a cooler 26 and a carbide conveying device 24, and the carbide conveying device 24 is connected with an air flow crusher 31.
The biological drying air outlet 11 is connected with the dust remover 5 through the negative pressure device 7 and is connected with the biological drying air inlet of the tail gas wet processing device 6.
The carbonization exhaust outlet a is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a hot carbonization gas inlet of the heat exchanger 4, is discharged from a cold carbonization gas outlet after heat exchange and cooling, and is connected with a carbonization exhaust inlet of the tail gas wet processing device 6 through a dust remover 5; the other path is respectively connected with a first circulating exhaust inlet i, a second circulating exhaust inlet g, a third circulating exhaust inlet c and a spiral gas distributor 25 on the carbonization furnace.
The fresh air heated by the heat exchanger 4 is discharged from a hot air outlet and divided into two paths, one path is connected with an air inlet of the vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device 1, and the other path is respectively connected with a primary air nozzle I, a secondary air nozzle d1-4, an e1-4 and a spiral air distributor 25 on the vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace 2.
The water content of 1 ton of dewatered sludge of a certain municipal sewage plant is about 65 percent, and the organic matter content is about 35 percent, and then the sludge is treated by the sludge in-situ recycling system device.
The operation parameters of each link are as follows:
the biological drying carbonization operation control is carried out under the condition of not adding fuel through the parameters, and the comparison of the pore diameter of the prepared carbide compared with the pore diameter of the powder activated carbon purchased in the market is shown in figure 9.
The present invention has been described in terms of the above embodiments, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalents or equivalent changes fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sludge in-situ recycling system device is characterized by comprising a vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device, a vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace, a crushing vacuum liquefaction device, a tail gas wet treatment device, a dust remover, a heat exchanger and a negative pressure device;
the vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device comprises a drying device main body and a stirring device; the upper part of the drying device main body is provided with a feed inlet and a biological drying gas outlet, the bottom of the drying device main body is provided with a dried biomass discharge port and a gas inlet, the stirring device is positioned in the drying device main body, and the biological drying gas outlet is connected with the negative pressure device;
the vertical sand-free jet flow carbonization furnace is provided with an organic waste jet orifice, an ignition burner, an air jet orifice, a circulating exhaust inlet, a carbide outlet and a carbonization exhaust outlet;
the crushing vacuum liquefaction device comprises a jet mill, a vacuum degassing liquefaction device, a liquefaction water tank, a vacuum device, a liquefied water lift pump and a discharging device; the jet mill is connected with the vacuum degassing liquefaction device through a feed pipeline, the liquefied water tank is connected with a liquefied water lift pump, an outlet of the liquefied water lift pump is connected into the feed pipeline, the top of the vacuum degassing liquefaction device is connected with the vacuum device, and the bottom of the vacuum degassing liquefaction device is connected with the discharge device;
the tail gas wet treatment device comprises a carbonization exhaust inlet, a biological drying tail gas inlet, a spraying and mixing device, a dissolving liquid storage tank and a dissolving liquid circulating pump; a carbonization exhaust inlet and a biological drying tail gas inlet are connected into a spraying and mixing device, and a dissolving liquid circulating pump is connected with a dissolving liquid storage tank and the spraying and mixing device;
the heat exchanger takes air as a medium for cooling and is provided with a cold air inlet, a hot air outlet, a hot carbonized gas inlet and a cold carbonized gas outlet;
the dried biomass discharge port is connected with an organic waste injection port, and the carbide outlet is connected with an airflow crusher;
the biological drying gas outlet is connected with a pressure device after passing through a gas-liquid separation unit, and a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation unit is connected with a biological drying tail gas inlet of a tail gas wet treatment device;
the carbonization exhaust outlet is connected with an induced draft fan, the outlet of the induced draft fan is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the hot carbonization gas inlet, and the other path is connected with the circulating exhaust inlet;
the cold carbonization gas outlet is connected with the carbonization exhaust inlet of the tail gas wet treatment device through a dust remover;
the hot air outlet of the heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the air inlet of the vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device, and the other path is connected with the air nozzle of the vertical sand-free jet flow carbonization furnace.
2. The sludge in-situ recycling system device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying device body has a cylindrical upper part and a conical bottom, a cover plate is arranged at the top of the cylindrical body, an upper bearing sleeve is arranged at the lower part of the cover plate, a feed inlet and a biological drying air outlet are arranged on the cover plate, the biological drying air outlet is connected with a vacuum device, and a discharge outlet, a liquid discharge outlet and an air inlet are arranged at the bottom; the stirring device comprises a spiral unpowered conveying device, a solid conveying pump, a feeding pipe and a return pipe; the spiral unpowered conveying device comprises a barrel and a spiral stirring shaft, wherein equidistant spiral blades are arranged on the spiral stirring shaft, the spiral stirring shaft is positioned in the barrel, the spiral unpowered conveying device is vertically arranged in a drying device main body, the top of the barrel is not contacted with a cover plate, a lower bearing sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the barrel and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the barrel through spokes, the top of a spiral stirring shaft is sleeved in an upper bearing sleeve, and the bottom of the spiral stirring shaft is sleeved in a lower bearing sleeve; a return pipe is arranged at the bottom of the drying device main body; the inlet of the solid conveying pump is connected with the outlet of the return pipe, one end of the feeding pipe is connected with the outlet of the solid conveying pump, and the other end of the feeding pipe vertically and upwards enters from the bottom of the drying device main body to be connected with the bottom of the barrel of the spiral unpowered conveying device.
3. The sludge in-situ recycling system device according to claim 2, wherein an air inlet pipe is arranged in the vertical unpowered spiral stirring biological drying device, one end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is movably connected with the spiral stirring shaft; the air inlet pipe is a porous pipe, the air inlet pipe extends into the drying device main body, the pore diameter of air holes of the porous pipe is 2-10 mm, the air holes are distributed on two sides of the pipeline, and an included angle of 30-45 degrees is formed between the air holes and the horizontal plane; the spiral stirring shaft is a hollow shaft with a sealed top, a plurality of air holes are formed in the spiral stirring shaft, and the aperture of each air hole is 2-10 mm.
4. The sludge in-situ recycling system device according to claim 2, wherein the upper and lower top ends of the spiral stirring shaft are both in a truncated cone shape, the gap between the spiral stirring shaft and the upper and lower bearing sleeves is 0.5-1.0 mm, and the spiral stirring shaft can move up and down between the upper bearing sleeve and the lower bearing sleeve.
5. The system device for recycling sludge in situ according to claim 1, wherein the shaft of the vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace is cylindrical, the bottom of the vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace is conical, the inner wall of the vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace is lined with refractory materials, and the vertical sand-free jet carbonization furnace is integrally sealed; the carbonization furnace is divided into a non-combustion area, a refining area and a secondary combustion area from bottom to top;
the noncombustible zone is arranged at the bottom of the furnace and is provided with a carbide outlet, a first circulating exhaust inlet and a spiral gas distributor; the spiral gas distributor is arranged at the lowest part of the cone, the carbide outlet is vertically led out downwards from the position with the largest diameter of the cone, and the first circulating exhaust inlet is arranged in the middle of the cone and is opposite to the carbide outlet;
the refining zone is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, and an ignition burner, an organic waste jet orifice, a primary air jet orifice and a second circulating exhaust inlet are arranged on the furnace wall of the refining zone; the ignition burner and the second circulating exhaust inlet are symmetrically arranged by the central line of the furnace body, the organic waste injection ports are divided into two organic waste upper injection ports and two organic waste lower injection ports h which are respectively positioned above and below the second circulating exhaust inlet, and the primary air nozzle is positioned above the ignition burner;
the secondary combustion zone is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body, and a secondary air nozzle, a carbonization exhaust outlet and a third circulation exhaust inlet are arranged on the furnace wall of the secondary combustion zone; the carbonization exhaust outlet is arranged at the top of the secondary combustion area, and the secondary air nozzle is arranged in the middle of the secondary combustion area;
the primary air nozzle, the secondary air nozzle and the spiral air distributor are respectively connected with a hot air outlet of the heat exchanger; the first circulation exhaust inlet, the second circulation exhaust inlet, the third circulation exhaust inlet and the spiral gas distributor are respectively connected with the carbonization exhaust outlet.
6. The device of claim 5, wherein the carbide outlet is provided with a cooler and a carbide conveying device, and the carbide conveying device is connected with the jet mill.
7. The system device of claim 5, wherein the spiral gas distributor is provided with a hollow tube, the hollow tube is provided with dust-proof blades, the hollow tube is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles, the gas nozzles are arranged between the two dust-proof blades and close to the upper dust-proof blades, the opening of the gas nozzles is horizontal downward, and the bottom of the hollow tube is provided with a gas spiral inlet.
8. The device of claim 5, wherein the organic waste injection port is disposed eccentrically, and a material blowing device is disposed outside the organic waste injection port.
9. The sludge in-situ recycling system device according to claim 5, wherein the secondary air nozzles are multiple and are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer, the distance between the layers is 250-500 mm, and each layer is provided with 3-6 secondary air nozzles; the secondary air nozzle inclines downwards in the vertical direction, and an included angle of 10-30 degrees is formed between the secondary air nozzle and the radius of the furnace body in the horizontal direction.
10. The sludge in-situ recycling system device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vacuum degassing liquefaction device comprises a degassing tank and a water storage tank, the degassing tank and the water storage tank are connected through an overflow pipe, the middle part of the degassing tank is connected with a feeding pipe, the bottom of the degassing tank is connected with a discharging device, the top of the water storage tank is connected with a vacuum device, the bottom of the water storage tank is connected with a reflux pump, and the outlet of the reflux pump is connected with the liquefaction water tank.
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