CN110697981A - Wastewater treatment system and wastewater treatment process - Google Patents
Wastewater treatment system and wastewater treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110697981A CN110697981A CN201911003155.XA CN201911003155A CN110697981A CN 110697981 A CN110697981 A CN 110697981A CN 201911003155 A CN201911003155 A CN 201911003155A CN 110697981 A CN110697981 A CN 110697981A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, and particularly provides a wastewater treatment system and a wastewater treatment process. The wastewater treatment system comprises: the system comprises an optional homogenizing pool, an oxidation pool, a comprehensive pretreatment pool, an artificial wetland unit and an ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated; the ecological treatment unit comprises an ecological floating island. The system can effectively degrade organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded in the wastewater, effectively reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus, ensure that the quality of the effluent water at least reaches the IV-class standard of surface water environmental quality standard, can be directly discharged into a river channel, and cannot generate adverse effect on the quality of the river channel water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a wastewater treatment system and a wastewater treatment process.
Background
With the rapid development of industries such as petrochemical industry, plastics, synthetic fibers, coking, printing and dyeing and the like, various waste waters containing a large amount of organic pollutants difficult to biodegrade are correspondingly increased, and after years of remediation, the waste waters can basically reach the discharge standard. However, there is a large difference between the water quality standard of wastewater discharged into river water and the water quality standard of river channels, for example, the discharge of paper making wastewater is subject to the discharge standard of water pollutants for pulp and paper industry, and the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is 100mg/kg, while the water quality of river channels is subject to the IV-class standard of surface water environmental quality standard, and the COD is 30 mg/kg. Therefore, a large amount of waste water flows into the river channel, the self-purification capacity of the water body of the river channel is exceeded, and the condition that the water quality of the river does not reach the standard is caused.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a wastewater treatment system, which can effectively degrade organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded in wastewater, effectively reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus, ensure that the quality of effluent at least can reach the IV-class standard of surface water environmental quality standard, can be directly discharged into a river channel, and cannot generate adverse effect on the quality of the river channel.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a wastewater treatment process.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment system comprising: the system comprises an optional homogenizing pool, an oxidation pool, a comprehensive pretreatment pool, an artificial wetland unit and an ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated;
the ecological treatment unit comprises an ecological floating island.
As a further preferred technical solution, the oxidation pond comprises an ozone contact oxidation pond;
preferably, the ozone contact oxidation tank comprises an ozone contact oxidation zone and a sedimentation tank which are sequentially communicated, an ozone generating device and an ozone releasing device which are mutually connected are arranged in the ozone contact oxidation zone, the ozone contact oxidation zone is connected with an optional homogenizing tank, and the sedimentation tank is connected with the comprehensive pretreatment tank.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the sedimentation tank comprises an inclined tube sedimentation tank;
preferably, the ozone release device comprises a microporous aeration head.
As a further preferable technical scheme, a catalyst is also arranged in the ozone contact oxidation zone;
preferably, the top of the ozone contact oxidation zone and/or the top of the sedimentation tank are/is provided with a cover plate;
preferably, the top of the sedimentation tank is also provided with a tail gas recovery device;
preferably, the ozone contact oxidation zone comprises an ozone contact oxidation first zone and an ozone contact oxidation second zone which are communicated in sequence, the ozone contact oxidation first zone is connected with an optional homogenizing pool, and the ozone contact oxidation second zone is connected with a sedimentation pool.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the comprehensive pretreatment tank is arranged in a baffled water distribution structure;
preferably, the comprehensive pretreatment tank comprises an artificial waterweed carrier and a sludge hopper;
preferably, the distribution density of the artificial aquatic weed carrier is 0.05-0.2m2/m3。
As a further preferable technical scheme, the artificial wetland unit comprises a surface flow wetland, an undercurrent wetland or a composite wetland;
preferably, the artificial wetland unit is planted with wetland plants comprising at least one of canna, cattail, calamus, iris citrifolia, resela, or saxifrage.
As a further preferred technical solution, the ecological treatment unit further comprises at least one of plants, animals or an aerator;
preferably, the aerator comprises a solar aerator;
preferably, the animal comprises shellfish and/or fish;
preferably, the shellfish comprises a mussel;
preferably, the fish comprises silver carp.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a wastewater treatment process, which adopts the wastewater treatment system to treat wastewater.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the hydraulic retention time in the comprehensive pretreatment pool is 3-5 h.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the hydraulic retention time in the artificial wetland unit is 2-4 d.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the wastewater treatment system provided by the invention adopts the optional homogenizing tank, the oxidation tank, the comprehensive pretreatment tank, the artificial wetland unit and the ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated to treat wastewater, the wastewater firstly enters the optional homogenizing tank, and the homogenizing tank can adjust the water quality, the water quantity and the water temperature of the wastewater, so that the nonuniformity of the wastewater is overcome, the uniformity and the stability of the water inflow of the subsequent treatment unit are ensured, and the bad impact of the inconsistency of the wastewater on equipment in the subsequent treatment unit is reduced; then the wastewater enters an oxidation pond to oxidize and/or convert the organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded into biochemically degradable organic matters; then the wastewater enters a comprehensive pretreatment tank, and the comprehensive pretreatment tank integrates the functions of regulation, precipitation, adsorption, interception, biodegradation and the like and can primarily remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater; then enters an artificial wetland unit to further deeply remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater; finally, the wastewater enters an ecological treatment unit, and harmful substances in the wastewater are further reduced by utilizing an ecological floating island and the like in the ecological treatment unit, so that the effect of stabilizing the quality of the effluent is achieved.
The wastewater treatment system can effectively degrade organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded in wastewater, effectively reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus, ensure that the quality of the effluent water at least can reach the IV-class standard of surface water environmental quality standard, can be directly discharged into a river channel, and cannot generate adverse effect on the quality of the river channel water.
The wastewater treatment process provided by the invention adopts the wastewater treatment system to treat wastewater, can effectively degrade organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded in the wastewater, effectively reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus, ensure that the quality of effluent at least can reach the IV-class standard of surface water environmental quality standard, can be directly discharged into a river channel, and cannot generate adverse effects on the quality of the river channel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wastewater treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-homogenizing pool; 2-an oxidation pond; 3-comprehensive pretreatment pool; 4-artificial wetland unit; 5-ecological treatment unit.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
According to one aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, in at least one embodiment there is provided a wastewater treatment system comprising: the system comprises an optional homogenizing pool 1, an oxidation pool 2, a comprehensive pretreatment pool 3, an artificial wetland unit 4 and an ecological treatment unit 5 which are communicated in sequence;
the ecological treatment unit 5 includes an ecological floating island.
The wastewater treatment system adopts an optional homogenizing tank, an oxidation tank, an integrated pretreatment tank, an artificial wetland unit and an ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated to treat wastewater, the wastewater firstly enters the optional homogenizing tank, and the homogenizing tank can adjust the water quality, the water quantity and the water temperature of the wastewater, so that the nonuniformity of the wastewater is overcome, the uniformity and the stability of the water inflow of a subsequent treatment unit are ensured, and the adverse impact of the inconsistency of the wastewater on equipment in the subsequent treatment unit is reduced; then the wastewater enters an oxidation pond to oxidize and/or convert the organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded into organic matters which can be biochemically degraded (the organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded are oxidized and converted into the organic matters which can be biochemically degraded, or the organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded are oxidized and converted into the organic matters which can be biochemically degraded); then the wastewater enters a comprehensive pretreatment tank, and the comprehensive pretreatment tank integrates the functions of regulation, precipitation, adsorption, interception, biodegradation and the like and can primarily remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater; then enters an artificial wetland unit to further deeply remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater; finally, the wastewater enters an ecological treatment unit, and harmful substances in the wastewater are further reduced by utilizing an ecological floating island and the like in the ecological treatment unit, so that the effect of stabilizing the quality of the effluent is achieved.
The wastewater treatment system can effectively degrade organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded in wastewater, effectively reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus, ensure that the quality of the effluent water at least can reach the IV-class standard of surface water environmental quality standard, can be directly discharged into a river channel, and cannot generate adverse effect on the quality of the river channel water.
It should be noted that:
the "homogenizing tank" is a kind of homogenizing adjusting tank, which can be called as an irregular homogenizing tank, and can adjust the quality (i.e. homogenizing) and temperature of the waste water, but the water level is fixed, so the amount cannot be equalized. The homogenizing tank is used for receiving wastewater, and the received wastewater can be derived from industrial wastewater and/or river sewage, for example.
Optionally, at least one of a water pump, a water quantity regulating valve, a water temperature sensor or an online wastewater pollutant monitoring system is arranged in the homogenizing pool. Typically but not limitatively, a water pump, a water quantity regulating valve, a water temperature sensor, an online wastewater pollutant monitoring system, a water pump and a water quantity regulating valve, an online water temperature sensor and an online wastewater pollutant monitoring system, or a water pump, a water quantity regulating valve, a water temperature sensor and an online wastewater pollutant monitoring system, and the like are arranged in the homogenizing pool. The water quantity regulating valve, the water temperature sensor or the waste water pollutant online monitoring system can be any one of the existing ones.
The ecological floating island is an artificial floating island which aims at eutrophic water quality and degrades the content of COD, nitrogen and phosphorus in water by utilizing the principle of ecological engineering. The ecological floating island is an efficient microorganism carrier, has a very high microorganism attachment surface area, can form an efficient biological film and provides a space for the growth of microorganisms in a water body.
Optionally, the oxidant in the oxidation pond can be selected from ozone, hydrogen peroxide or potassium permanganate and the like.
The "organic substance difficult to be biochemically degraded" refers to an organic chemical substance that is difficult to degrade by biological action under natural conditions, and includes, but is not limited to, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, heterocyclic compounds, organic cyanide compounds, synthetic detergents, polychlorinated biphenyls, plasticizers, synthetic pesticides, synthetic dyes, and the like.
The "biochemically degradable organic substance" refers to an organic chemical substance that is degraded by biological action under natural conditions.
It should be understood that the above-described wastewater treatment system includes the following two forms: the system comprises an oxidation pond, a comprehensive pretreatment pond, an artificial wetland unit and an ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated; and the second step comprises a homogenizing tank, an oxidation tank, a comprehensive pretreatment tank, an artificial wetland unit and an ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated.
In a preferred embodiment, the oxidation basin comprises an ozone contact oxidation basin. The oxidant in the ozone contact oxidation tank is ozone, the pollutants in the wastewater are subjected to contact oxidation by adopting the ozone, the cost is low, and the effect of oxidizing and/or converting the organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded is good.
Preferably, the ozone contact oxidation tank comprises an ozone contact oxidation zone and a sedimentation tank which are sequentially communicated, an ozone generating device and an ozone releasing device which are mutually connected are arranged in the ozone contact oxidation zone, the ozone contact oxidation zone is connected with an optional homogenizing tank, and the sedimentation tank is connected with the comprehensive pretreatment tank. The external wastewater (river sewage, industrial wastewater and the like) or the wastewater treated by the homogenizing tank is discharged into an ozone contact oxidation area of the ozone contact oxidation tank, the ozone generating device generates ozone and releases the ozone into the wastewater through the ozone releasing device, the ozone is in contact oxidation with organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded in the wastewater and/or is converted into biochemically degradable organic matters, the wastewater treated by the ozone contact oxidation area is discharged into a sedimentation tank for precipitating pollutants, and the precipitated wastewater enters the comprehensive pretreatment tank for treatment.
It should be understood that "the ozone contact oxidation zone is connected to an optional homogenizing tank" means that when a homogenizing tank is included in the wastewater treatment system, the ozone contact oxidation zone is connected to the homogenizing tank, and when a homogenizing tank is not included in the system, the ozone contact oxidation zone directly receives external wastewater (river sewage, industrial wastewater, or the like).
When the wastewater treatment system comprises an oxidation pond, a comprehensive pretreatment pond, an artificial wetland unit and an ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated, the sedimentation pond is connected with the comprehensive pretreatment pond;
when the wastewater treatment system comprises a homogenizing tank, an oxidation tank, a comprehensive pretreatment tank, an artificial wetland unit and an ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated, the ozone contact oxidation area is connected with the homogenizing tank, and the sedimentation tank is connected with the comprehensive pretreatment tank.
Preferably, the sedimentation tank comprises an inclined tube sedimentation tank. The inclined tube sedimentation tank is a sedimentation tank with an inclined tube arranged in a sedimentation area. The inclined tube sedimentation tank has the advantages of small occupied area, high sedimentation efficiency and short particle retention time. It should be understood that the inclined tube settling tank may be any one available in the art, and the present invention is not particularly limited thereto.
Preferably, the ozone releasing device comprises a microporous aeration head. The microporous aeration head has the advantages of good corrosion resistance, light weight, high strength, fine and uniform bubbles, no blockage and good ozone release effect.
Preferably, a catalyst is also arranged in the ozone contact oxidation zone. The catalyst can improve the contact oxidation effect of ozone on organic matters difficult to be biochemically degraded. It should be understood that the positional relationship of the catalyst with the ozone generating device and the ozone releasing device is not particularly limited in this regard as long as the catalyst is disposed in the ozone contact oxidation zone and does not affect the normal operation of the ozone generating device and the ozone releasing device. In addition, the kind of the catalyst is any one or more of those existing in the art, as long as it can exert the corresponding catalytic effect, and the present invention is not particularly limited thereto.
Preferably, the top of the ozone contact oxidation zone and/or the top of the sedimentation tank are/is provided with a cover plate. The cover plate can seal the ozone contact oxidation area and/or the sedimentation tank, so that the smooth oxidation is facilitated, and the leakage of ozone is avoided.
Preferably, the top of the sedimentation tank is also provided with a tail gas recovery device. The tail gas recovery device can recover the surplus ozone.
It should be noted that the tail gas recovery device is selected from the existing devices in the field, and the invention is not particularly limited thereto as long as the recovery of ozone can be realized; when the cover plate and the tail gas recovery device are disposed at the top of the sedimentation tank, the mutual position relationship between the cover plate and the tail gas recovery device at the top of the sedimentation tank is not particularly limited, as long as the respective functions can be achieved, and for example, the tail gas recovery device may be disposed below the cover plate.
Preferably, the ozone contact oxidation zone comprises an ozone contact oxidation first zone and an ozone contact oxidation second zone which are communicated in sequence, the ozone contact oxidation first zone is connected with an optional homogenizing pool, and the ozone contact oxidation second zone is connected with a sedimentation pool. The external wastewater (river sewage, industrial wastewater and the like) or the wastewater treated by the homogenizing tank firstly enters an ozone contact oxidation first area, organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded are preliminarily oxidized and/or converted into organic matters which can be biochemically degraded, then the wastewater enters an ozone contact oxidation second area, the organic matters which are difficult to biochemically degrade are further oxidized and/or converted into organic matters which can be biochemically degraded, and the wastewater treated by the ozone contact oxidation second area enters a sedimentation tank to precipitate impurities.
It should be understood that "the ozone contact oxidation one zone is connected to an optional homogenizing tank" means that when a homogenizing tank is included in the wastewater treatment system, the ozone contact oxidation one zone is connected to the homogenizing tank, and when a homogenizing tank is not included in the system, the ozone contact oxidation one zone directly receives external wastewater (river sewage, industrial wastewater, or the like).
When the wastewater treatment system comprises an oxidation pond, a comprehensive pretreatment pond, an artificial wetland unit and an ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated, the ozone contact oxidation zone II is connected with a sedimentation pond;
when the wastewater treatment system comprises a homogenizing tank, an oxidation tank, a comprehensive pretreatment tank, an artificial wetland unit and an ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated, the ozone contact oxidation first area is connected with the homogenizing tank, and the ozone contact oxidation second area is connected with the sedimentation tank.
In a preferred embodiment, the comprehensive pretreatment tank is arranged in a baffled water distribution structure. The comprehensive pretreatment tank adopts a baffling type water distribution structure to adjust the water flow state, so that the wastewater flows uniformly, the phenomenon of bias flow is avoided, and the wastewater treatment efficiency and treatment effect are improved.
Preferably, the comprehensive pretreatment tank comprises an artificial waterweed carrier and a sludge hopper. This synthesize preliminary treatment pond can adsorb, intercept and biodegradable the pollutant through artifical pasture and water carrier, realizes the further purification of waste water, and the pollutant after the purification subsides, gets into the sludge hopper in to discharge through the sludge hopper, the large granule suspended solid in the waste water of discharging from this.
The artificial aquatic weed carrier is a high-molecular flexible filler which can absorb, adsorb and intercept dissolved and suspended pollutants in water, can provide good conditions for growth, attachment or cave dwelling of various microorganisms, algae and micro animals, and finally forms a thin-layer biological film with strong purification activity on the soft biological film.
The "sludge hopper" refers to a device capable of collecting sludge and discharging the sludge. Any one of the existing sludge hoppers can be used, and the invention is not particularly limited thereto.
Preferably, the distribution density of the artificial aquatic weed carrier is 0.05-0.2m2/m3. The distribution density refers to the area of the artificial aquatic weed carrier used in unit water volume. The above-mentioned distribution density is typically, but not limited to, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 or 0.2m2/m3。
The artificial aquatic plant carrier is arranged on a section of the biological zone, and forms three reaction areas of aerobic, facultative anaerobic and five reaction surfaces from the outside to the inside. In the aerobic zone, the aerobic bacteria convert ammonia nitrogen into nitronitrogen, convert small molecular organic matters into carbon dioxide and water, convert soluble inorganic phosphorus into ATP in the cell body, in the anaerobic zone, the anaerobic bacteria convert nitronitrogen into nitrogen and oxygen, decompose difficultly decomposed macromolecular organic matters into biochemically degradable small molecular organic matters,finally the contaminating groups are decomposed and converted into N2、CO2And H2And O escapes.
In a preferred embodiment, the artificial wetland unit comprises a surface flow wetland, a subsurface flow wetland or a composite wetland.
"surface flow wetland" refers to a wetland system in which wastewater flows over the surface of a packing and the degradation of most of the organic matter is accomplished by microorganisms in the biofilm at the base of plant stems submerged in the wastewater.
The 'subsurface flow wetland' is an artificial landscape which takes hydrophilic plants as surface greening materials and sandstone soil as fillers and leads water to permeate and filter naturally.
The 'composite wetland' is a wetland system formed by connecting a surface flow wetland and an undercurrent wetland in series.
Preferably, the artificial wetland unit is planted with wetland plants comprising at least one of canna, cattail, calamus, iris citrifolia, resela, or saxifrage. Typical but not limiting examples of the wetland plants are canna, cattail, calamus, iris hemsleyana, a combination of canna and cattail, a combination of cattail and calamus, a combination of calamus and iris hemsleyana, a combination of canna, cattail and calamus, a combination of thaliana and saxifrage, a combination of canna, cattail, calamus and iris hemsleya, or a combination of canna, cattail, calamus, iris hemsleya, thaliana and saxifrage.
In a preferred embodiment, the ecological treatment unit further comprises at least one of plants, animals or aerators. Typically, but not limitatively, the ecological treatment unit further comprises: plants, animals, a combination of plants and animals, a combination of animals and an aerator, a combination of plants and an aerator, or a combination of plants, animals and an aerator, and the like. The ecological treatment unit adopts a plurality of technologies (such as planting plants, stocking animals or additionally arranging an aerator and the like) for compounding, so that the effect of stabilizing the water quality is better.
Preferably, the aerator comprises a solar aerator. The solar aerator uses solar energy as direct power for equipment operation according to the characteristic of oxygen deficiency after polluted water body is polluted, air or oxygen is manually filled into the water body, the reoxygenation process of the water body is accelerated, the dissolved oxygen level of the water body is improved, the activity of aerobic microorganisms in the water body is recovered and enhanced, the pollutants in the water body are purified, and the water quality is improved.
One or more solar aerators can be arranged, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 solar aerators.
Optionally, the plant comprises an aquatic plant, and the aquatic plant comprises one of a submerged plant, a leafy plant, or an emergent plant. The aquatic plant is typically, but not limited to, a submerged plant, a floating plant, an emergent plant, a combination of a submerged plant and a floating plant, a combination of a floating plant and an emergent plant, or a combination of a submerged plant, a floating plant and an emergent plant, etc.
Alternatively, the aquatic animal community consists of bacteria, algae, phytoplankton, zooplankton (including protozoa), zooplankton (rotifers, copepods, cladocerans, crustaceans, etc.), filter-feeding fish.
Preferably, the animal comprises shellfish and/or fish. Typically, but not by way of limitation, the animal includes shellfish, fish, or a combination of shellfish and fish.
Preferably, the shellfish comprises a mussel.
Preferably, the fish comprises silver carp.
It should be understood that the ecological treatment unit is provided with a water outlet passage so that treated wastewater flows out.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wastewater treatment process for treating wastewater using the above wastewater treatment system. The wastewater treatment process adopts the wastewater treatment system to treat wastewater, can effectively degrade organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded in the wastewater, effectively reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus, ensure that the quality of effluent water at least can reach the IV-class standard of surface water environmental quality standard, can be directly discharged into a river channel, and cannot generate adverse effects on the quality of the river channel water.
In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic retention time in the integrated pretreatment tank is 3 to 5 hours. The hydraulic retention time is typically, but not limited to, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 or 5 hours.
Preferably, the hydraulic retention time in the artificial wetland unit is 2-4 d. The hydraulic retention time is typically, but not limited to, 2, 2.5, 2.9, 3, 3.5 or 4 d.
When the hydraulic retention time in the comprehensive pretreatment tank and the artificial wetland unit is within the range, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the wastewater can be removed as much as possible, and the wastewater treatment efficiency is improved. If the hydraulic retention time is too short, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like cannot be effectively removed, and if the hydraulic retention time is too long, the wastewater treatment capacity is small, and the wastewater treatment efficiency is low.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
Tail water treatment project of certain paper mill in southwest, discharge capacity is 3500m3And d. The main design indexes of the water quality of inlet and outlet water designed by the project are shown in the table 1.
Table 1 shows the quality of inlet and outlet water
Design of a homogenizing pool: l B H (length, width, height) 14m 2m 5.5 m.
Designing an ozone contact oxidation tank: 1) the ozone generators are respectively 500g/h (area A) and 300g/h (area B); 2) the contact time is 20 min; 3) the effective water depth is 5 m; 4) the size of the contact oxidation pond is as follows: l B H3 m 2m 5.5m (zone B); l B H4 m 2m 5.5m (region a). The biological contact oxidation pond sets up 3 sections dilatation rooms, adopts micropore aeration head release ozonization gas, and the apron is established on the pond top and seals the contact tank to set up tail gas recovery unit, avoid revealing.
Designing a comprehensive pretreatment pool: 1) hydraulic retention time: 4 h; 2) the effective water depth of the comprehensive pretreatment tank is as follows: h is 5 m; 3) arrangement density of the biofilm carriers: 0.1m2/m3(ii) a 4) The size of the comprehensive pretreatment pool is as follows: l, B, H, 8m, 6m, 5.5m (zone B); l, B, H, 9m, 8m, 5.5m (region a); 5) artificial float grass carrier: 480m (zone A); 720m (zone B).
Designing the artificial wetland unit: (1) artificial wetland: wetland area of B zone9000m2And the wetland area of the area A is 20000m2(ii) a (2) Wetland depth (Dw)1.0 m; (3) hydraulic retention time (tn)2.9 d; (5) wetland plant design: 9-16 canna plants/m2(ii) a Cattail 9-16 plants/m2(ii) a 9-16 calamus/m2(ii) a Iris florida 9-16 plants/m2(ii) a 9-16 Thalia dealbata/m2(ii) a 9-16 plants/m of common saxifraga2。
An ecological treatment unit: ecological treatment unit totals 2450m2Design aquatic plant community in total of 800m2Ecological floating bed 300m215kg of aquatic animal mussels are stocked, and 4 solar aerators are arranged.
Wastewater passes through the homogenizing tank, the ozone contact oxidation tank, the comprehensive pretreatment tank, the artificial wetland unit and the ecological treatment unit in sequence, and effluent treated by the treatment process can meet the requirements of class III water quality of surface water environmental quality standard.
Example 2
Tail water treatment project of middle part certain paper mill, discharge amount 7000m3And d. The main design indexes of the water quality of inlet and outlet water designed by the project are shown in the table 2.
Table 2 shows the quality of inlet and outlet water
Design of a homogenizing pool: l B H26 m 2m 5.5 m.
Designing an ozone contact oxidation tank: 1) the ozone generators are respectively 800g/h (area A) and 500g/h (area B); 2) the contact time is 20 min; 3) the effective water depth is 5 m; 4) the size of the contact oxidation pond is as follows: l B H5 m 2m 5.5m (zone B); l, B, H, 8m, 2m, 5.5m (region a).
Designing a comprehensive pretreatment pool: 1) hydraulic retention time: 4 h; 2) the effective water depth of the comprehensive pretreatment tank is as follows: h is 5 m; 3) arrangement density of the biofilm carriers: 0.1m2/m3(ii) a 4) The size of the comprehensive pretreatment pool is as follows: l B H14 m 6m 5.5m (zone B); l, B, H, 16m, 8m, 5.5m (region a); 5) artificial float grass carrier: 840m (region A); 1480m (region B).
Designing the artificial wetland unit: (1) artificial wetland: wetland area 58000m2(ii) a (2) Wetland depth (Dw)1.0 m; (3) hydraulic retention time (tn)2.9 d; (5) wetland plant design: 9-16 canna plants/m2(ii) a Cattail 9-16 plants/m2(ii) a 9-16 calamus/m2(ii) a Iris florida 9-16 plants/m2。
An ecological treatment unit: the ecological treatment units are 5000m in total2Total design of aquatic plant community 2000m26500m ecological floating bed230kg of aquatic animal chubs are stocked, and 4 solar aerators are arranged.
Wastewater passes through the homogenizing tank, the ozone contact oxidation tank, the comprehensive pretreatment tank, the artificial wetland unit and the ecological treatment unit in sequence, and effluent treated by the treatment process can meet the requirements of IV-class water quality of surface water environmental quality standard.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wastewater treatment system, comprising: the system comprises an optional homogenizing pool, an oxidation pool, a comprehensive pretreatment pool, an artificial wetland unit and an ecological treatment unit which are sequentially communicated;
the ecological treatment unit comprises an ecological floating island.
2. The wastewater treatment system of claim 1, wherein the oxidation basin comprises an ozone contact oxidation basin;
preferably, the ozone contact oxidation tank comprises an ozone contact oxidation zone and a sedimentation tank which are sequentially communicated, an ozone generating device and an ozone releasing device which are mutually connected are arranged in the ozone contact oxidation zone, the ozone contact oxidation zone is connected with an optional homogenizing tank, and the sedimentation tank is connected with the comprehensive pretreatment tank.
3. The wastewater treatment system of claim 2, wherein the settling tank comprises a sloped tube settling tank;
preferably, the ozone release device comprises a microporous aeration head.
4. The wastewater treatment system of claim 2, wherein a catalyst is further disposed within the ozone contact oxidation zone;
preferably, the top of the ozone contact oxidation zone and/or the top of the sedimentation tank are/is provided with a cover plate;
preferably, the top of the sedimentation tank is also provided with a tail gas recovery device;
preferably, the ozone contact oxidation zone comprises an ozone contact oxidation first zone and an ozone contact oxidation second zone which are communicated in sequence, the ozone contact oxidation first zone is connected with an optional homogenizing pool, and the ozone contact oxidation second zone is connected with a sedimentation pool.
5. The wastewater treatment system of claim 1, wherein the integrated pretreatment tank is arranged in a baffled water distribution structure;
preferably, the comprehensive pretreatment tank comprises an artificial waterweed carrier and a sludge hopper;
preferably, the distribution density of the artificial aquatic weed carrier is 0.05-0.2m2/m3。
6. The wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the artificial wetland unit comprises a surface flow wetland, a subsurface flow wetland or a complex wetland;
preferably, the artificial wetland unit is planted with wetland plants comprising at least one of canna, cattail, calamus, iris citrifolia, resela, or saxifrage.
7. The wastewater treatment system of any of claims 1-6, wherein the ecological treatment unit further comprises at least one of plants, animals, or aerators;
preferably, the aerator comprises a solar aerator;
preferably, the animal comprises shellfish and/or fish;
preferably, the shellfish comprises a mussel;
preferably, the fish comprises silver carp.
8. A wastewater treatment process for treating wastewater by using the wastewater treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The wastewater treatment process according to claim 8, wherein the hydraulic retention time in the integrated pretreatment tank is 3 to 5 hours.
10. The wastewater treatment process according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the hydraulic retention time in the artificial wetland unit is 2-4 d.
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