CN110695768A - Detection method of involute spline single-tooth broach - Google Patents
Detection method of involute spline single-tooth broach Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection method of an involute spline single-tooth broach, which comprises the steps of ① scanning a broach real object, adopting an optical scanner to shoot the broach real object to obtain a broach virtual 3D original shape, ② designing a workpiece model, designing a workpiece theoretical median 3D model, taking an involute internal spline tolerance intermediate value, ③ performing assembly fitting, namely performing assembly fitting on the broach virtual 3D original shape and the workpiece theoretical median 3D model, searching the splicing precision of a projection line of a broach cutting edge and a tooth profile section line of the workpiece internal spline tolerance intermediate value on a cross section to obtain a cutter error delta F, and ④ judging that the delta F is less than or equal to eta FfIn time, the cutter is qualified and can process the workpiece; when Δ F > η FfAnd in the process, the cutter is unqualified and is qualified by a proper method. The detection method can detect the error between the tooth form of the cutting edge of the cutter and the related dimension before broaching the workpiece, and actively improves the qualification rate of products, thereby ensuring that the broached internal spline is qualified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machine manufacturing, and particularly relates to detection of a broaching tool.
Background
In the field of mechanical manufacturing, the involute internal spline in heavy machinery has large specification, multiple varieties, small batch, and large length dimension of teeth, for example, the internal spline of a spline sleeve has INT 42Z multiplied by 10m multiplied by 30P multiplied by 6H GB/T3478.1, the tooth length is 1000mm, and the large-specification internal spline can not be processed by a gear shaper and a broaching machine with general specifications. The broaching machine of the single-row single-tooth broaching tool is a proper choice of the processing of the products on the aspects of technology and economy, but the broaching tool is mostly manufactured in a single piece and in small batches, the cutting edge of the broaching tool is a space curve, the specifications are multiple, the specialization is strong, no complete detection specifications and means are formed in the country and the industry of the broaching tool, no effective detection method is available for the shape and the size of the spline tooth socket broached by the broaching tool, the shape and the size of the spline tooth socket broached by the broaching tool are difficult to ensure, particularly, the shape error of the involute of the spline tooth profile cannot be controlled, the assembly problem is caused, the matching quality is poor, the product qualification rate is low, and the service life of.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a detection method of an involute spline single-tooth broach. The detection method can detect the errors of the tooth form and the related dimension of the cutting edge of the cutter before broaching the workpiece so as to update the design, process and cutter grinding of the cutting tool, actively improve the qualification rate of products, avoid disqualification of internal splines which are broached, greatly save the broaching construction period and reduce the production cost.
The invention discloses a detection method of an involute spline single-tooth broach, which comprises the steps of ① scanning a broach real object, adopting an optical scanner to shoot the broach real object to obtain a broach virtual 3D original shape, ② designing a workpiece model, designing a workpiece theoretical median 3D model, taking an involute internal spline tolerance intermediate value, ③ performing assembly fitting, performing assembly fitting on the broach virtual 3D original shape and the workpiece theoretical median 3D model, searching the splicing precision of a projection line of a broach cutting edge and a workpiece internal spline tolerance intermediate value tooth profile section line on a cross section to obtain a cutter error delta F, and ④ judging that the cutter error delta F is less than or equal to eta FfIn time, the cutter is qualified and can process the workpiece; when Δ F > η FfWhen the cutter is unqualified, the cutter is qualified by a proper method (delta F is the tooth shape error of the projection of the cutting edge of the broach, FfThe tooth form tolerance of the internal spline of the workpiece, and the coefficient eta is 0.6-0.8).
Further, the rule of assembling and fitting in the step ③ is that I, the central plane T of the positioning groove of the broach in the 3D prototype is used as a reference and is overlapped with the theoretical central plane T of the key groove of the internal spline in the workpiece 3D model, II, the cutter mounting plane and the cross section form an included angle beta, the cutter point is declined, III, when the tooth crest on one side of the internal spline in the workpiece 3D model just touches the cutting edge of the broach in the 3D prototype, the point is used as the terminal point of simulated feeding, and fitting analysis is carried out on the 3 rules.
Further, the specific steps of step ③ are i, determining a cross-sectional line of the workpiece on the cross section, where a1 and b1 are the ending point and the starting point of the involute, determining a projection of the cutting edge of the broach on the cross section, where a projection of an AB space curve of the cutting edge is AB, ii, making a curve a2b2 and a curve a3b3, where both are parallel to the curve a1b1 and completely envelop the curve AB, where the minimum distances between the curves a2b2 and a3b3 and the curve AB are 0, iii, and then making an intersection point p1 between the involute reference circle C of the theoretical median 3D model and the cross-sectional line a1b1, where a straight line L is tangent to the curve a1b1, and a straight line N is perpendicular to the straight line L, where an angle between the straight line L and the theoretical central plane T of the internal spline in the workpiece 3D model is α 0, where the intersection points of the straight line N and the curves a2b2 and a3b3 are p2 and p 695 ', p ', 7, where the maximum values of the p 8672, p ', p 8672, and the maximum values of the symmetrical points 1, p ', p 8672, p ', 8672, p ', 8672, p ', p.
Further, Δ F > η F in step ④fWhen the cutter is unqualified, the method comprises the following steps: by sharpening, adjusting the manufacturing process of the cutter and optimizing the design of the cutter.
The detection method further comprises ⑤, a point p is arbitrarily selected on a workpiece intersection line a1b1, a point p is used as a vertical line pr of a theoretical central plane T of the inner spline keyway in the workpiece 3D model, pr is extended to a broach cutting edge projection ab at a point q, a point q is used as a normal line of a1b1 at the point s, and ps is approximately regarded as a straight line because the point p is very close to the point s, therefore, in delta pqs, ∠ pqs is alpha, the distance sp between the point q on the cutting edge projection and the workpiece intersection line is a deviation value k of the cutting edge deviating from the theoretical median of the inner spline of the workpiece at the point q, k is qp × cos alpha, pq is directly obtained through coordinate values because alpha is approximately equal to alpha 0, so that the deviation value k of the cutting edge at the point q is directly calculated, when the point q is deviated to the side of the theoretical median 3D of the workpiece, k is taken as k < 0, which represents an interference, and if the deviation value k is greater than the median k, the shape error can be reflected on the broach cutting edge at a certain point.
Further, when assembling and fitting the analysis, at least one place k in a tooth groove is equal to 0, namely, a contact point D just touched between one side tooth crest of the internal spline in the 3D model of the theoretical median of the workpiece and the cutting edge of the broach in the 3D prototype is required, and only k is allowed to be less than 0 or more than 0.
Furthermore, in step ⑤, the color of k value is given by computer assistance, the color of each point changes with the positive, negative and magnitude of k value, when the q point slides along the projection ab of the cutting edge, a colored band is formed, which can continuously and intuitively reflect the state and deviation direction of interference or clearance, and the k value of the corresponding position is displayed discontinuously on the colored band, so that the shape error of the cutting edge of the cutter is more clear.
Further, the first three steps can be performed in two dimensions, that is, a pad forming an angle beta with the horizontal direction is padded under the broach in a step ①, the tool bit faces upwards, the tool is projected to the horizontal plane by an optical projector to form a two-dimensional image, a step ② is designed for a 2D image of the median value of the workpiece tolerance, and a step ③ is performed for inserting the two-dimensional image of the tool into the 2D image of the median value of the workpiece, and analyzing and comparing the two images in a plane or comparing the coordinate values of the two images to judge the shape error of the cutting edge of the tool.
The method adopts spline reverse engineering, introduces optical scanning technology to perform spline broach detection, virtualizes a broach into a 3D image of a real shape in a real object accurately by a single-row single-tooth broach through the optical scanning technology or similar scanning technology through ultrahigh precision measurement, performs virtual 'assembly' fitting on the real shape of a broach cutting edge and a 3D design model of a theoretical spline tolerance intermediate value of a workpiece by a fixed angle beta during broaching and a cutter pair, and finds out the splicing precision of a projection line of the cutting edge and a tooth profile section line of the spline tolerance intermediate value on a cross section, thereby determining the cutter error.
The detection method can detect the errors of the tooth form and the related dimension of the cutting edge of the cutter before broaching the workpiece so as to update the design, process and cutter grinding of the cutting tool, actively improve the qualification rate of products, ensure the qualification of the broached internal spline, greatly save the broaching construction period and reduce the production cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a single row single tooth broach.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a single row single tool broaching machine.
FIG. 3 is an assembled fitting projection view.
Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the fitting projection.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view at F in fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a graph of an assembly fit analysis.
Fig. 8 is a broach detection flowchart.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings so as to be more clearly understood by those skilled in the art.
The involute spline single-tooth broach detected by the invention is suitable for processing large-specification long-tooth-groove involute internal splines. The machine tool selected for processing the workpiece by the broach is a single-row single-tool broaching machine, and the following description takes the example of processing the internal spline of the spline sleeve on the single-row single-tool broaching machine.
As is apparent from fig. 1, the broach 6 is composed of a cutting edge 18, a blade edge 20, a positioning groove 15, and the like, and the cutting edge 18 and the blade edge 20 are provided symmetrically with respect to the center plane of the positioning groove 15. The cutting edge 18 is a space curve from a to B.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the tool mechanism of the single-row single-tool broaching machine includes a guide bar 1, a feed bar 2, a tool bar 3, a rotary table 9, a lower centering 10, an upper centering 14, a feed broaching mechanism, and the like. Taking the workpiece processed downwards by the tool bit in fig. 1 and 2 as a standard, the surface where the first tool mounting plane 17 is located is a front tool surface, and the surface adjacent to the first tool mounting plane is a rear tool surface.
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the lower centering 10 is fixed on the rotary table 9, the spline housing workpiece 8 to be processed is placed on the lower centering 10 and is pressed tightly by the pressing plate 13, the upper centering 14 is placed on the positioning step of the spline housing workpiece 8, the upper part of the guide rod 1 is arranged in the hole of the upper centering 14, the lower end of the guide rod is fixed on the fixed table of the machine tool, the middle part vertically penetrates through the upper centering 14, the spline housing workpiece 8, the lower centering 10 and the rotary table 9, the feeding bar 2 and the cutter bar 3 are arranged in the guide groove of the guide rod 1, and the broach 6 is arranged on the cutter bar 3. When the broach 6 is installed, the first cutter installation plane 17 is attached to the cutter installation plane 11 of the cutter bar 3, the second cutter installation plane 16 is attached to the bottom surface of the cutter bar installation groove, the positioning pin 7 is inserted into the pin hole of the cutter bar 3, the positioning pin 7 is clamped in the cutter positioning groove 15 so as to position and center the cutter, and the pressing block 4 fixes the broach 6 on the cutter bar 3 through the screw 5. The tool mounting plane 11 of the tool holder 3 forms a fixed angle β with the cross-section 12 of the workpiece. The tooth profile of the workpiece involute internal spline on the cross section 12 is an involute, so that the projection of the broach cutting edge on the cross section 12 also needs to be an involute, the size and the shape of the involute are the same as those of the workpiece tooth profile involute, and the involute meets the design requirement of the workpiece internal spline and has higher precision.
During broaching, the broaching tool 6 makes cutting linear motion from top to bottom along with the tool bar 3, so that a layer of metal on a workpiece is cut off by the broaching tool to finish cutting. The feeding strip 2 is provided with an inclined surface, and the cutter head moves along the horizontal direction through vertical differential motion with the cutter rod 3 to finish horizontal feeding. The feed broaching mechanism is well allocated with the vertical movement and the relative differential movement of the cutter bar 3 and the feed bar 2, so that the cutter relieving, feeding and reciprocating cutting movements are ensured until broaching is finished by one tooth groove, then the rotary worktable 9 rotates to finish an equal division angle, and the spline housing workpiece 8 continues to process the next tooth groove until broaching of each tooth groove of the spline housing workpiece 8 is finished finally.
Example 1
The invention discloses a detection method of an involute spline single-tooth broach, which comprises the following steps:
① scanning the broach real object by shooting the broach real object with an optical scanner to obtain a virtual 3D prototype of the broach;
②, designing a workpiece model, namely designing a theoretical median 3D model of the workpiece, wherein the theoretical median of the workpiece takes the tolerance intermediate value of the involute internal spline;
③, fitting, namely fitting the virtual 3D prototype of the broach with a theoretical median 3D model of the workpiece, and finding out the splicing precision of a projection line of a cutting edge of the broach and a tooth profile section line of the median of the tolerance of the spline in the workpiece on the cross section so as to obtain a cutter error delta F;
④ judging when the delta F is less than or equal to the eta FfIn time, the cutter is qualified and can process the workpiece; when Δ F > η FfWhen the cutter is unqualified, the cutter is qualified by sharpening, adjusting the manufacturing process of the cutter, optimizing the design of the cutter and the like (delta F is the tooth error of the projection of the cutting edge of the broach, FfThe tooth form tolerance of the internal spline of the workpiece, and the coefficient eta is 0.6-0.8).
The coefficient eta is generally taken from 0.6 to 0.8 in practice, and the range of the eta can be expanded because the coefficient eta is related to the specific conditions of product precision, specification, heat treatment and the like.
Example 2
The rule of assembling and fitting in the step ③ is that I, the center plane T of the positioning groove of the broach in the 3D prototype is used as a reference to be overlapped with the theoretical center plane T of the key groove of the internal spline in the workpiece 3D model (as shown in figure 4), II, the cutter mounting plane 11 and the cross section 12 form an included angle beta, the cutter point is declined (as shown in figure 3), III, when one side tooth crest of the internal spline in the workpiece 3D model just touches the cutting edge of the broach in the 3D prototype (as a touch point D in figure 5), the point is used as an end point of simulated cutting feed, and fitting analysis is carried out on the 3 rules.
Example 3
Taking the involute of one side of the internal spline in the workpiece theoretical median 3D model as an example, the specific steps of fitting are described as follows:
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a fitted projection, in which the double bold dashed line is a cross-sectional line of the workpiece at the cross-section 12, and a1 and b1 are the end point and the start point of an involute curve; the thick solid line is the projection of the cutting edge 18 of the broach on the cross section 12, and the projection of the AB space curve of the cutting edge 18 is AB;
drawing a curve a2b2 and a curve a3b3, so that the curves are parallel to the curve a1b1 and completely envelop the curve ab, wherein the minimum distances between the curve a2b2 and the curve a3b3 and the curve ab are respectively 0;
passing through an intersection point p1 of an involute reference circle C of a workpiece theoretical median 3D model and a workpiece intersection line a1b1, making a straight line L tangent to a curve a1b1, and making a straight line N perpendicular to the straight line L, wherein an included angle between the straight line L and a theoretical central plane T of an internal spline key groove in the workpiece 3D model is alpha 0, and intersection points of the straight line N and curves a2b2 and a3b3 are p2 and p3 respectively; by the same token, p1 ', p2 ' and p3 ' points on the other side can be obtained, wherein the straight line N ' is symmetrical to the straight line N, and the point p1 ' is symmetrical to the point p 1;
taking the maximum value of p1p2 and p1 'p 2' as u value and the maximum value of p1p3 and p1 'p 3' as v value, the tooth shape error of the broach is: Δ F ═ u + v;
the tooth form error delta F of the projection of the cutting edge of the broach and the tooth form tolerance F of the internal spline of the workpiecefAnd comparing to determine whether the tool is acceptable or not:
when delta F is less than or equal to eta FfWhen the cutter is qualified; when Δ F > η FfAnd the cutter is unqualified.
When Δ F > η FfIn the process, the cutter is qualified by means of sharpening, adjusting the manufacturing process of the cutter, optimizing the design of the cutter and the like.
Example 4
A step may be added after step ④ to provide a definite orientation and position for subsequent machining of the tool:
as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a point p is arbitrarily taken from a workpiece intersection line a1b1, a point p is crossed to serve as a vertical line pr of a theoretical central plane T of an inner spline keyway in a 3D model of the workpiece, pr is extended to a point q of a broach cutting edge projection ab, a point q is crossed to serve as a normal line of a1b1, and the point s is approximately regarded as a straight line because the point p is very close to the point s, so that in Δ pqs, ∠ pqs is α, the distance sp between the point q on the cutting edge projection and the workpiece intersection line a1b1 is the deviation value k of the cutting edge from the theoretical median of the inner spline of the workpiece at the point q, and k is qp × cos α, and pq is directly obtained by coordinate values, so that the deviation value k of the cutting edge at the point q is directly calculated;
when the q point is deviated to one side of the 3D entity of the theoretical median of the workpiece, k takes a negative value and is less than 0, the interference is represented;
when the q point deviates from the theoretical median 3D entity side k of the workpiece and takes a positive value, k is greater than 0, and the gap is represented.
In the analysis of the fit, at least one tooth slot must have k equal to 0, as described in rule III of the "fit" fitting of step ③, a contact point must be present (e.g., touch point d in FIG. 5) that does not allow k > 0 alone or k < 0 alone.
According to the broach detection method, the process of assembling, fitting and analyzing can be automatically carried out through a computer auxiliary function, a single form or a plurality of screenshots can be automatically formed for comparison, and the fitting state between the projection of the cutting edge 3D prototype on the cross section and the intersection line of the product theoretical median 3D model on the cross section is clearly displayed. In the process of utilizing computer analysis, if the interference state is set to be red, the gap state is set to be blue, and the depth of the color changes along with the size of the k value, when a q point slides along a cutting edge projection ab, the color of each point changes along with the transition of the k value to form a color band, and the color band can continuously and intuitively reflect the interference state or the gap state and the deviation direction. And the k value of the corresponding position is discontinuously displayed on the colored ribbon, so that the shape error of the cutting edge of the cutter is more clear. As shown in fig. 7, | k | is large, the shape error of the cutting edge is also large, and thus, definite directions and positions are provided for modifying the tool design, optimizing the tool tooling and sharpening the tool.
In summary, as shown by the dotted frame portion in the broach detection flowchart of fig. 7, the present invention scans the 3D prototype of the tool, designs a theoretical median 3D model of the workpiece, and then performs fitting analysis to determine the tooth profile error of the tool, performs simulation test before broaching, and improves the design and manufacturing level of the tool, thereby controlling the broaching quality of the internal spline of the workpiece and improving the precision of the part.
The satisfaction of the accuracy of the 3D model to the accuracy requirement of the fitting analysis is the first condition that the invention can be implemented. Although the theoretical median 3D model of the product is 'virtual', the theoretical median 3D model is the most ideal state and is closest to the design, and the design precision of the theoretical median 3D model can reach the micron level regardless of two-dimensional or three-dimensional.
The second condition that the three-dimensional optical scanning accuracy meets the accuracy requirement of fitting analysis is realized by the invention. The invention is realized because the high resolution of the three-dimensional optical scanner can accurately draw the shape of the target object due to the maturity of the non-contact optical measurement technology, and the accurate size measurement is realized by showing the real shape. The minimum unit of the current image size measuring instrument can reach 0.1 μm, the measuring precision of a high-precision measuring mode reaches +/-2 μm, the tolerance required by the tooth profile precision is generally between tens of μm and more than one hundred μm, and the method can completely meet the precision requirement of measurement and analysis by combining the two conditions.
In the broach detection, the sizes of the tool except the involute stop circle, such as the width of a tool tip, the fillet of the tool tip, the length of the tool body, the chamfer repairing of the tool body and the like, can be detected. The k value of a certain point on the tool point edge is the distance from the point to the 3D nearest point of the theoretical median of the workpiece, and in a national standard involute spline, the k value is not the working side surface of the involute spline, so that the tolerance range is wide. In special cases, such as when a large-diameter centered involute spline is adopted, the k value on the tool nose edge needs to be strictly controlled, and the k value is adapted to the large diameter of the workpiece involute and the length value of a common normal line. The tooth profile error Δ F detected by the invention is the error of the cutting edge projection, and Δ F is numerically equal to the maximum value of the deviation k of the cutting edge projection.
In another variation of the present invention, a pad is placed under the broach at an angle of β with the horizontal direction, the tool bit is facing upward, and the tool is projected onto the horizontal plane by an optical projector to form a two-dimensional image. Designing a 2D image of the workpiece tolerance median, inserting the workpiece median 2D image into the two-dimensional image of the tool, and analyzing and comparing in a plane. Or comparing the coordinate values of the two images so as to judge the shape error of the cutting edge of the tool.
Claims (8)
1. The detection method of the involute spline single-tooth broach comprises the following steps:
① scanning the broach real object by shooting the broach real object with an optical scanner to obtain a virtual 3D prototype of the broach;
②, designing a workpiece model, namely designing a theoretical median 3D model of the workpiece, wherein the theoretical median of the workpiece takes the tolerance intermediate value of the involute internal spline;
③, assembling and fitting the virtual 3D prototype of the broach with a theoretical median 3D model of the workpiece, and finding out the splicing precision of the projection line of the cutting edge of the broach and the section line of the tooth profile of the median of the tolerance of the spline in the workpiece on the cross section so as to obtain the error delta F of the tool;
④ judging when the delta F is less than or equal to the eta FfIn time, the cutter is qualified and can process the workpiece; when Δ F > η FfWhen the cutter is unqualified, the cutter is qualified by a proper method (delta F is the tooth shape error of the projection of the cutting edge of the broach, FfThe tooth form tolerance of the internal spline of the workpiece, and the coefficient eta is 0.6-0.8).
2. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein:
the rule for the assembly fitting of step ③ is:
i, taking a central plane T surface of a positioning groove of a broach in a 3D prototype as a reference, and enabling the central plane T surface to be superposed with a theoretical central plane T of an internal spline key groove in a 3D model of a workpiece;
II, forming an included angle beta between the cutter mounting plane and the cross section, and declining the cutter tip;
III, when one side tooth crest of the internal spline in the 3D model of the workpiece just touches the cutting edge of the broach in the 3D prototype, taking the point as the end point of simulated feed;
the fitting analysis was performed on the 3 rules described above.
3. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein:
the specific steps of step ③ are:
firstly, determining a cross section line of a workpiece on a cross section, wherein a1 and b1 are an end point and a start point of an involute; determining the projection of a cutting edge of the broach on the cross section, wherein the projection of an AB space curve of the cutting edge is AB;
II, drawing a curve a2b2 and a curve a3b3, wherein the curves are parallel to the curve a1b1 and completely envelop the curve ab, and the minimum distances between the curve a2b2 and the curve a3b3 and the curve ab are respectively 0;
III, passing through an intersection point p1 of a theoretical median 3D model involute reference circle C and a workpiece intersection line a1b1, making a straight line L tangent to a curve a1b1, and making a straight line N perpendicular to the straight line L, wherein an included angle between the straight line L and a theoretical central plane T of an internal spline keyway in the workpiece 3D model is alpha 0, and intersection points of the straight line N and curves a2b2 and a3b3 are p2 and p3 respectively; by the same token, p1 ', p2 ' and p3 ' points on the other side can be obtained, wherein the straight line N ' is symmetrical to the straight line N, and the point p1 ' is symmetrical to the point p 1;
IV, taking the maximum value of p1p2 and p1 'p 2' as a u value and taking the maximum value of p1p3 and p1 'p 3' as a v value, the tooth shape error of the broach is as follows: Δ F ═ u + v.
4. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein:
in step ④,. DELTA.F > η FfWhen the cutter is unqualified, the method comprises the following steps: by sharpening, adjusting the manufacturing process of the cutter and optimizing the design of the cutter.
5. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein:
the detection method further comprises step ⑤:
randomly taking a point p on a workpiece intersection line a1b1, crossing the point p to serve as a vertical line pr of a theoretical central plane T of an inner spline keyway in a 3D model of the workpiece, extending pr to a broach cutting edge projection ab at a point q, crossing a normal line of a1b1 at the point q to serve as a point s, and approximately regarding ps as a straight line because the point p is very close to the point s, so that in delta pqs, ∠ pqs is alpha, the distance sp between the point q on the cutting edge projection and the workpiece intersection line is a deviation value k of the cutting edge deviating from the theoretical median value of the inner spline of the workpiece at the point q, and k is sq, qp and cos alpha, pq is directly obtained through coordinate values, and thus the deviation value k of the cutting edge at the point q is directly calculated;
when the q point is deviated to one side of the 3D entity of the theoretical median of the workpiece, k takes a negative value and is less than 0, the interference is represented;
when the q point deviates from the theoretical median 3D entity side k of the workpiece and takes a positive value, k is larger than 0, and a gap is represented;
the value of k at a certain point on the edge can reflect the shape error of the broach at the point, and if | k | is large, the shape error of the cutting edge at the point is also large, so that the redesign direction of the cutter can be guided in a targeted manner.
6. The detection method according to claim 5, wherein:
during assembly fitting analysis, at least one tooth groove has to have k equal to 0, namely, a tooth crest on one side of the internal spline in the 3D model of the theoretical median of the workpiece and a cutting edge of the broach in the 3D prototype have to have a contact point D just touched, and only k < 0 or k > 0 is not allowed to exist.
7. The detection method according to claim 5, wherein:
⑤ the color of k value is given by computer aided function, the color of each point changes with the positive and negative of k value, when q point slides along cutting edge projection ab, a color band is formed, which can continuously and visually reflect the state and deviation direction of interference or clearance, then the k value of corresponding position is displayed discontinuously on the color band, the shape error of cutting edge of the cutter is more clear.
8. The inspection method according to claim 1, wherein the first three steps are performed in two dimensions, that is, a step ① of placing a spacer at an angle β to the horizontal below the broach so that the tool tip faces upward, and projecting the tool onto the horizontal plane by an optical projector to form a two-dimensional image, a step ② of designing a 2D image of the median of the workpiece tolerance, and a step ③ of inserting the two-dimensional image of the tool into the 2D image of the median of the workpiece, and analyzing and comparing the two-dimensional image in the plane, or comparing the coordinate values of the two images, thereby determining the shape error of the cutting edge of the tool.
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| CN201911058131.4A CN110695768B (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Detection method of involute spline single-tooth broach |
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| CN201911058131.4A CN110695768B (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Detection method of involute spline single-tooth broach |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113126964A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-16 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | CATIA-based efficient cutter checking programming method |
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| CN107378133A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-11-24 | 泰尔重工股份有限公司 | A kind of method of single monodentate broaching machine and spline housing internal spline of broaching |
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| CN106624134A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-10 | 四川成发航空科技股份有限公司 | Designing and manufacturing method for teeth of involute spline broach |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113126964A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-16 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | CATIA-based efficient cutter checking programming method |
| CN113126964B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-01-25 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | CATIA-based efficient cutter checking programming method |
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