CN105252342A - Detection test piece and method for detecting curved surface processing capacity of five-axis numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Detection test piece and method for detecting curved surface processing capacity of five-axis numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN105252342A CN105252342A CN201510706535.5A CN201510706535A CN105252342A CN 105252342 A CN105252342 A CN 105252342A CN 201510706535 A CN201510706535 A CN 201510706535A CN 105252342 A CN105252342 A CN 105252342A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/007—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for managing machine functions not concerning the tool
Abstract
The invention discloses a detection test piece and method for detecting the curved surface processing capacity of a five-axis numerical control machine tool. The test piece comprises a base and a curved surface flange arranged on the base; the curved surface flange is provided with an S-shaped processing face A and an S-shaped processing face B; the face A is a curved surface formed by splicing arc sections and straight line sections and has different curvature continuities under the constant curvature; the face B is a cubic b-spline curved surface, and the curvature of the face B changes continuously. Compared with the prior art, the strength of the impact resistance of the machine tool in the complex curved surface processing is reflected by building the curved surface outline test piece with different curvature continuities; meanwhile, the decoupling difficulty of a composite test piece can be solved effectively, and judgment of important factors for processing errors is achieved directly through the error measurement of the processed outline.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to numerical control machine tool technique field, be specifically related to a kind of five-axle number control machine tool that detects to the detection test specimen of the successional Machining of Curved Surface ability of different curvature and detection method.
Background technology
Along with manufacturing development, it has been trend of the times that enterprise selects five-axle number control machine tool to carry out various complex-curved processing.The precision of lathe directly determines the precision of institute's processing parts, how to judge whether the machining accuracy of five-axle number control machine tool meets the much-talked-about topic that processing request is research both at home and abroad always.Conventional precision detection method for numerical control machine is mainly divided into two classes: one is utilize instrument directly to detect the precision of lathe.Two is the test specimens by machine tooling with particular geometric characteristic, measures the error of the rear test specimen of processing thus the precision of indirect reflection lathe.But the precision of application instrument to lathe detects, mostly be carry out under lathe inactive state or low speed no-load, the servo error that lathe produces in real work, multi-shaft interlocked error and thermal deformation and vibration error cannot be reflected truly, therefore there is certain limitation.In lathe actual motion process, lathe is subject to material, environment temperature, cutting performance and cuts the impact of operating mode etc., very easily cause mismachining tolerance, and to having the processing of particular geometric characteristic test specimen, the processing characteristics of lathe can be reflected objective reality, detect the precision of lathe better, the method for this indirect detection machine tool accuracy is favored.
Five-axis machine tool conventional at present detects the frustum of a cone test specimen that test specimen has NASA (NASA) in the NAS979 standard of proposition in 1969 and the Chinese serpentine test specimen proposed by industry Chengdu Airplane Industry (Group) Corp., Ltd. of Air China, in addition, some other country also proposes the test specimen that can be used for detecting Precision of NC Machine Tool, the German serpentine test specimen that the quadrangular pyramid bench teat part wherein more typically having Japan to propose and Germany propose.Carry out geometrical property and processing characteristics analysis to these test specimens, why known detection test specimen can detect lathe dynamic accuracy, and the reason of most critical is that it possesses special geometrical property.But above-mentioned test specimen all has comprehensive geometrical property, comprehensive assessment can only be carried out to the performance of lathe, be difficult to realize to the decoupling zero of error component and and the tracing to the source of machine tool error.Five-axle number control machine tool is mainly used in complex surface machining, and the detection at present about lathe complex surface machining ability still lacks effective means.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the Machining of Curved Surface ability in order to detect Digit Control Machine Tool, providing a kind of detection test specimen detecting five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability, this test specimen configuration is simple, possesses the successional curved surface of different curvature.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of detection method detecting five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability, not only can reflect the ability of five-axis machine tool processing different curvature continuity curved surface, and can reflect the interlock precision of five-axis machine tool.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of detection test specimen detecting five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability, comprise pedestal and be located at the curved surface edge strip on pedestal, curved surface edge strip is provided with the machined surface of two the S shapes in A face and B face, A face is the curved surface be spliced by circular arc and straightway, under permanent curvature, have different continual curvature; B face is cubic B-spline curved surface, the continuous consecutive variations of its curvature.
Preferably, a side surface upper part of described pedestal is to the recessed formation step in direction of curved surface edge strip, and this step surface is measurement datum.
Preferably, described pedestal is also provided with holes for clamping, two holes for clamping lay respectively at the both sides of curved surface edge strip.
Preferably, the A face of described curved surface edge strip is equal with the angle of base plane with B face.
Preferably, the thickness of described pedestal is equal with the height of curved surface edge strip.
Detect a detection method for five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability, comprise the following steps:
Step one, to detection test specimen carry out Geometric Modeling;
Step 2, carry out postpositive disposal by general CAM software to built model, work flow is divided into three steps: roughing, semifinishing and fine finishining;
Step 3, utilize 5-shaft linkage numerical control lathe according to the numerical control program worked out in step 2 to detection test specimen process;
Step 4, on the A face detecting test specimen, be taken to few three section lines, B face be taken to few three section lines, every bar transversal be taken to few 25 measurement points, utilize three coordinate measuring machine to carry out error measure;
Step 5, according to the measurement result of step 4, lathe Machining of Curved Surface ability to be evaluated.
In step 2, remove blank allowance fast by roughing, make allowance at about 3mm; Semifinishing is level and smooth to the residual process face processing after roughing, can leave the even allowance of 0.1mm-0.5mm thickness after making processing; The size of workpiece and precision is made to reach designing requirement finally by fine finishining.
Preferably, described A face has five G1 and locate continuously, five continuous places of G1 are equipped with measurement point.
Preferably, described B face has a G1 and locate continuously, this place is provided with measurement point.
The present invention has following beneficial effect compared to prior art.
1, compare Chinese serpentine test specimen twist angle complicated and changeable, opening and closing angle characteristic, moulding of the present invention is simple, geometrical property is single, not having opening and closing angle to change and twist angle characteristic, by detecting the machined surface profile error after processing, can directly trace to the source to mismachining tolerance Problems existing;
2, the present invention can detect the working ability of five-axle number control machine tool at different curvature continuity curved surface, compare frustum of a cone test specimen and the single G2 of quadrangular pyramid bench teat part (continual curvature) curved surface continuously, invention increases the function of curved surface G1 continuous (tangent line is continuous), only persevering curvature and Chinese serpentine part only have the characteristic of variable curvature to compare German serpentine test specimen, invention increases permanent curvature and variable curvature characteristic, the curved surface continuity Characteristics that basic covering is all, can detect the working ability of lathe different curvature continuity curved surface completely;
3, the present invention combines variable curvature and permanent curvature characteristic, by the profile errors after the permanent curvature of contrast machine tooling and variable curvature curved surface, can be used for detecting the Machining of Curved Surface ability of lathe under different curvature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereogram that the present invention detects test specimen;
Fig. 2 is the top view that the present invention detects test specimen;
Fig. 3 is the continual curvature distribution map in A face of the present invention and B face;
Fig. 4 is location attitude of the cutter figure in process of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is A surface error measurement point distribution schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is B surface error measurement point distribution schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the profile errors figure in A face of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the profile errors figure in B face of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of detection test specimen detecting five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability of the present invention, the curved surface edge strip 2 comprising pedestal 1 and be located on pedestal 1, curved surface edge strip 2 is provided with the machined surface of two the S shapes in A face and B face, A face is the curved surface be spliced by circular arc and straightway, under permanent curvature, have different continual curvature; B face is cubic B-spline curved surface, the continuous consecutive variations of its curvature.One side surface upper part of pedestal 1 is to the recessed formation step in direction of curved surface edge strip 2, and this step surface is measurement datum 4, accuracy test when measurement datum 4 is mainly used in machine tooling and when error measure carried out to A face and B face as datum level; Pedestal 1 is also provided with holes for clamping 3, and two holes for clamping 3 lay respectively at the both sides of curved surface edge strip 2, and holes for clamping 3 is counter sink, for fixed test test specimen.Concrete, the thickness of pedestal 1 is equal with the height of curved surface edge strip 2, and the A face of curved surface edge strip 2 is equal with the angle of pedestal 1 plane with B face.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, A face is connected to form successively by A1 section, A2 section, A3 section, A4 section, A5 section and A6 section, wherein A2 section, A3 section, A4 section and A5 section are circular arc camber, A1 section and A6 section are straight line curved surface, the junction of these six sections of curved surfaces is G1 continuously, and wherein the junction of A3 section and A4 section is have the G1 of flex point continuous; B face is connected to form by B1 section and B2 section, and B1 section and B2 section are circular arc camber, and their junction is have the G1 of flex point continuous, and it is continuous that above-mentioned A2 section, A3 section, A4 section, A5 section, B1 section and B2 section are G2; Therefore the curved surface of curved surface edge strip 2 contains the variable curvature of curved surface and all features of permanent curvature, namely variable curvature G1 (G1 have flex point tangent line continuous), G2 continuously (permanent curvature continual curvature), permanent curvature G1 (tangent line is continuous), G2 continuously (variable curvature continual curvature), these characteristics can detect the power of lathe impact resistance.
Research shows, the trade union that adds in contoured under different curvature continuity causes very large impact to lathe, is also the key factor causing Machining of Curved Surface quality simultaneously.Detection test specimen of the present invention is by building the successional curved surface profile test specimen of different curvature, the power of reflection lathe impact resistance in complex surface machining, effectively can solve the decoupling zero difficulty of comprehensive test specimen simultaneously, measured by the profile errors after processing, directly realize the judge to mismachining tolerance key factor.
The invention provides a kind of detection method of the five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability based on above-mentioned detection test specimen, comprise the following steps:
Step one, to detection test specimen carry out Geometric Modeling;
Step 2, carry out postpositive disposal generate NC code by general CAM software to built model, work flow is divided into three steps: roughing, semifinishing and fine finishining; Remove blank allowance fast by roughing, make allowance at about 3mm; Semifinishing is level and smooth to the residual process face processing after roughing, can leave the even allowance of 0.1mm-0.5mm thickness after making processing; The size of workpiece and precision is made to reach designing requirement finally by fine finishining;
Step 3, utilize 5-shaft linkage numerical control lathe according to the numerical control program worked out in step 2 to detection test specimen process;
Step 4, on the A face detecting test specimen, be taken to few three section lines, B face be taken to few three section lines, every bar transversal be taken to few 25 measurement points, utilize three coordinate measuring machine to carry out error measure; As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, A face has five G1 and locate continuously, these five G1 locate corresponding I, II, III, IV, V these five regions respectively continuously, and five continuous places of G1 are equipped with measurement point; B face has a G1 to locate continuously, this place is provided with measurement point.
Step 5, according to the measurement result of step 4, lathe Machining of Curved Surface ability to be evaluated.The ability of measurement result to machine tooling different curvature continuity curved surface according to step 4 is evaluated, and error is less shows that lathe impact resistance is stronger, thus can reflect the power of impact resistance in the successional Machining of Curved Surface of different curvature.
Operation principle and the advantage of detection method are described below by way of specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Be the detection method of the 5-shaft linkage numerical control lathe Machining of Curved Surface ability of V51030ABJ to model, comprise the following steps:
Step one, by general CAD software to detection test specimen carry out Geometric Modeling, the thickness of pedestal 1 and the height of curved surface edge strip 2 are 40mm, and the angle of the A face of curved surface edge strip 2 and B face and pedestal 1 plane is 105 °.
In step 2, the test specimen model set up in step one, setting milling path, milling process is divided into roughing, semifinishing and fine finishining, produce preposition instruction by fine finishining and (x, y, z, i, j, k), generate the NC code (X, Y, Z, A, B) of each reference axis in this test specimen process.
Step 3, blank material are 7075-t7451 aluminium alloy, and blank is of a size of 300mm × 200mm × 80mm, select diameter to be the slotting cutter of 20mm, along tool axis direction, process from top to bottom by the degree of depth of every layer of 10mm; In model be V51030ABJ Double swing head five-axle number control machine tool to detection test specimen process, keep in process side edge 5 all the time with application of a surface, as shown in Figure 4.
Step 4, model are the processing that the Double swing head five-axle number control machine tool of V51030ABJ completes this detection test specimen, three coordinate measuring machine is selected to measure the point on A, B face is chosen three section lines, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, A face is divided into 1# by three section lines, 2#, 3# tri-layers, the z coordinate of each layer is respectively 45mm, 60mm and 75mm, every bar line is got 25 points.B face is divided into 4# by three section lines, 5#, 6# tri-layers, and the z coordinate of each layer is respectively 45mm, 60mm and 75mm, every bar line is got 25 points.Measurement primary part observation five G1 in A face locate (I, II, III, IV, V region) continuously, and the measurement result in A face, B face is recorded in table 1 in measurement result record and table 2 respectively the most at last.
Step 5, the measurement result in step 4 to be arranged, obtain the profile errors figure shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, as we know from the figure, the profile errors on A, B two sides all (is in tolerance) within 0.05mm, illustrates that lathe is pretty good to shock proof ability under G1 (tangent line is continuous) continuously situation.In Fig. 7, because G1 locates continuously (I, II, III, IV, V 5 regions place) there is the sudden change of curvature, cause the saltus step of acceleration, therefore all there is larger error sudden change at this five regions place, the region that wherein saltus step is larger is III region, its reason is to obey G1 herein continuously but have flex point, adds and can cause the reverse of kinematic axis acceleration man-hour; In Fig. 8, error constantly changes, and its reason is that curvature that B face constantly changes can cause the continuous change of acceleration, curvature more high acceleration is larger, the impact caused lathe is larger, and its medial error maximum is also positioned at G1 continuously but have flex point place, can cause the reverse of kinematic axis acceleration herein; The profile errors size in comparative analysis A face and B face, can obtain lathe under the same conditions, and the ability of processing permanent curvature surface comparatively processes variable curvature curved surface ability by force, and namely variable curvature more tests the impact resistance of lathe.
Measurement result record:
(1) feed speed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, the speed of mainshaft _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(2) curved surface profile outward appearance:
Machined trace: without have (tool marks quantity: A face _ _ _ _ _ _, B face _ _ _ _ _ _)
Cut wound vestige: without have (scar quantity: A face _ _ _ _ _ _, B face _ _ _ _ _ _)
(3) curved face type surface roughness:
Permissible value :≤Ra3.2, actual measurement maximum: A face _ _ _ _ _ _, the defective of qualified
B face _ _ _ _ _ _, the defective of qualified
(4) machined surface profile error:
Table 1
Mean error maximum region: _ _ _ _ _ _
Table 2
Allowable error value: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Average error value: the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ defective of qualified
G1 is (having flex point) place error hop value continuously: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, embodiment described here is to help reader understanding's principle of the present invention, should be understood to that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to so special statement and embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other various concrete distortion and combination of not departing from essence of the present invention according to these technology enlightenment disclosed by the invention, and these distortion and combination are still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is detected the detection test specimen of five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability, it is characterized in that: comprise pedestal (1) and be located at the curved surface edge strip (2) on pedestal (1), curved surface edge strip (2) is provided with the machined surface of two the S shapes in A face and B face, A face is the curved surface be spliced by circular arc and straightway, under permanent curvature, have different continual curvature; B face is cubic B-spline curved surface, the continuous consecutive variations of its curvature.
2. detection test specimen according to claim 1, is characterized in that: a side surface upper part of described pedestal (1) is to the recessed formation step in direction of curved surface edge strip (2), and this step surface is measurement datum (4).
3. detection test specimen according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pedestal (1) is also provided with holes for clamping (3), and two holes for clamping (3) lay respectively at the both sides of curved surface edge strip (2).
4. detection test specimen according to claim 1, is characterized in that: A face and the B face of described curved surface edge strip (2) are equal with the angle of pedestal (1) plane.
5. detection test specimen according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of described pedestal (1) is equal with the height of curved surface edge strip (2).
6. detect a detection method for five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, to detection test specimen carry out Geometric Modeling;
Step 2, carry out postpositive disposal by general CAM software to built model, work flow is divided into three steps: roughing, semifinishing and fine finishining;
Step 3, utilize 5-shaft linkage numerical control lathe according to the numerical control program worked out in step 2 to detection test specimen process;
Step 4, on the A face detecting test specimen, be taken to few three section lines, B face be taken to few three section lines, every bar transversal be taken to few 25 measurement points, utilize three coordinate measuring machine to carry out error measure;
Step 5, according to the measurement result of step 4, lathe Machining of Curved Surface ability to be evaluated.
7. detection method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in step 2, removes blank allowance fast by roughing, makes allowance at about 3mm; Semifinishing is level and smooth to the residual process face processing after roughing, can leave the even allowance of 0.1mm-0.5mm thickness after making processing; The size of workpiece and precision is made to reach designing requirement finally by fine finishining.
8. detection method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described A face has five G1 and locate continuously, and five continuous places of G1 are equipped with measurement point.
9. detection method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described B face has a G1 and locate continuously, this place is provided with measurement point.
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| CN107818194A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2018-03-20 | 波音公司 | The cubing of method for verification component and the geometric properties for verification component |
| CN109254561A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-22 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | The test device and its test method of a kind of pair of postpositive disposal part testing |
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| CN107818194A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2018-03-20 | 波音公司 | The cubing of method for verification component and the geometric properties for verification component |
| CN107818194B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2023-11-03 | 波音公司 | Method for verifying a component and test fixture for verifying a geometric feature of a component |
| CN107433492A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-05 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of milling parameter test block and its method of testing |
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| CN111813044A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-10-23 | 西安交通大学 | Numerical control machine tool dynamic error tracing method based on S test piece machining error |
| CN111813044B (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2021-05-28 | 西安交通大学 | Numerical control machine tool dynamic error tracing method based on S test piece machining error |
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