CN110695612B - Processing method for improving hardness of gold ornaments - Google Patents
Processing method for improving hardness of gold ornaments Download PDFInfo
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- CN110695612B CN110695612B CN201810744153.5A CN201810744153A CN110695612B CN 110695612 B CN110695612 B CN 110695612B CN 201810744153 A CN201810744153 A CN 201810744153A CN 110695612 B CN110695612 B CN 110695612B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of gold ornament manufacturing, and particularly relates to a processing method for improving the hardness of a gold ornament. It includes: melting the gold raw material at high temperature, and cooling the melted gold raw material in a given shape to form a gold blank; polishing the surface of the gold blank by a polishing mechanism to obtain a flat polished surface; repeatedly extruding and rolling the gold blank on the polished surface by a mirror rolling mechanism to obtain a hard gold workpiece; and processing the hard gold processing piece into a gold ornament. The processing method is used for processing the gold ornaments, and the gold blanks are extruded and rolled by the mirror rolling mechanism, so that the surface metal of the gold blanks is subjected to plastic deformation, crystal grains of the surface metal of the gold blanks are thinned, the surface tissue is subjected to cold hardening, the compactness of the gold blanks can be increased, and a residual stress layer with compact, uniform and compact texture is formed on the surface layer of the gold blanks, so that the hardness of gold is improved, and the wear resistance of the surface of the gold is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gold ornament manufacturing, and particularly relates to a processing method for improving the hardness of a gold ornament.
Background
In the gold ornament manufacturing industry, the traditional method for improving the hardness of the gold ornament is to add other metal elements such as silver, copper, titanium, nickel and the like into high-purity gold to obtain gold alloys with different purities, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the hardness of the gold ornament. Although the method of adding other metals into high-purity gold effectively improves the hardness of gold ornaments, the content of gold in the gold alloy is reduced, namely the purity of gold is reduced, for example, the gold content of pure gold commonly known in the field of precious metal jewelry manufacturing is required to be as high as 99.99% or more, the gold content of pure gold is also 99.9%, and the gold content of K gold added with metal silver or metal copper, such as 22K gold, 18K gold and the like, is only 91.7% and 75.0%; in addition, the added non-metal elements of the gold decoration products are easy to oxidize, so that the surface glossiness of the gold decoration products is obviously reduced after the gold decoration products are used for a period of time, and the gold decoration products are blackened in some cases; in addition, other metal materials are added into the gold ornament, and the gold ornament is mixed with non-gold metal materials, so that the non-gold metal and the gold are distinguished by adopting a certain process means during recovery, the process difficulty of gold recovery is increased, the loss of the gold in the recovery process is increased, and the recovery price of the gold is influenced. Therefore, a processing technology capable of improving the hardness of gold ornaments is needed to meet the market demand for high-purity gold.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method for improving the hardness of a gold ornament, and aims to solve the technical problems that the purity of gold is reduced and the recovery difficulty of gold is increased due to the fact that non-gold metal elements are added into the gold in order to improve the hardness of the gold ornament in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a processing method for improving the hardness of gold ornaments comprises the following steps:
melting the gold raw material for manufacturing the gold ornaments at high temperature, and cooling the melted gold raw material in a given shape to form a gold blank;
polishing the surface of the gold blank by a polishing mechanism to obtain a flat polished surface;
repeatedly extruding and rolling the gold blank on the polished surface through a mirror rolling mechanism to obtain a hard gold workpiece;
and processing the hard gold processing piece into a gold ornament.
Preferably, the mirror rolling mechanism is a tungsten steel precision mirror rolling machine.
Preferably, the mirror surface rolling mechanism repeatedly presses and rolls the polished surface for 10 to 20 times.
Preferably, the polishing mechanism is a magnetic polisher or a barrel polisher.
Further, after the hard gold processing piece is processed and manufactured into the gold ornament, the surface glossiness of the gold ornament is improved through a turning, grinding and polishing process.
Further, the grinding process comprises the following steps:
carrying out primary polishing treatment on the gold ornament by adopting a nano polishing technology;
after the first polishing treatment, polishing the gold ornaments for the second time by using a polishing wheel;
after the second polishing treatment, soaking the gold ornament in constant-temperature water bath;
taking out the gold ornaments soaked in the constant-temperature water bath, and carrying out third polishing treatment on the gold ornaments.
Preferably, the third polishing treatment comprises a coarse wheel polishing, a fine wheel polishing and a fine wheel polishing of a white wheel which are sequentially performed.
Further, polishing the surface layer of the gold ornament by using polishing wax before soaking treatment in constant-temperature water bath.
Preferably, the polishing wax comprises polishing white wax and/or polishing blue wax.
Furthermore, after the turning, grinding and polishing process, the polishing wax on the surface of the gold ornament is removed through a wax removal process, and meanwhile, the gold ornament is cleaned so as to improve the surface light reflection effect of the gold ornament.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornaments, disclosed by the invention, is used for melting and cooling a gold raw material for processing the gold ornaments to form a gold blank, and then polishing the surface of the gold blank by adopting a polishing mechanism to flatten bulges, obvious burrs and the like on the surface of the gold blank to obtain a flat polished surface; then, repeatedly extruding and rolling the polished surface of the gold blank by using a mirror rolling mechanism to form a hard gold workpiece with higher hardness. The surface metal of the gold blank to be extruded and rolled can be plastically deformed when the mirror surface rolling mechanism applies pressure to the polished surface of the gold blank, so that the internal molecular structure of the gold blank is changed, the crystal grains of the surface metal of the gold blank are thinned, and the surface tissue of the gold blank is cold hardened. In addition, other non-gold metals are not added into the gold in the whole processing process of the gold ornament, so that when the gold of the gold ornament is recovered, only the gold ornament needs to be melted at high temperature, other technological means are not needed to distinguish the gold from the added non-gold metals in the recovery process, the recovery efficiency of the gold is effectively improved, the loss in the gold recovery process is reduced, the gold recovery price of the gold ornament is further ensured, and the gold ornament has a better value keeping effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a processing method for improving the hardness of a gold jewelry in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to fig. 1 are exemplary and intended to be illustrative of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a processing method for improving the hardness of a gold ornament, which comprises the following steps:
melting the gold raw material for manufacturing the gold ornaments at high temperature, and cooling the melted gold raw material in a given shape to form a gold blank;
polishing the surface of the gold blank by a polishing mechanism to obtain a flat polished surface;
repeatedly extruding and rolling the gold blank on the polished surface through a mirror rolling mechanism to obtain a hard gold workpiece;
and processing the hard gold processing piece into a gold ornament.
According to the processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornament, provided by the embodiment of the invention, after a gold raw material for processing the gold ornament is melted and cooled to form a gold blank, a polishing mechanism is firstly adopted to polish the surface of the gold blank, and bulges, obvious burrs and the like on the surface of the gold blank are flattened to obtain a flat polished surface; then, repeatedly extruding and rolling the polished surface of the gold blank by using a mirror rolling mechanism to form a hard gold workpiece with higher hardness. The cold plasticity characteristics of the gold material at normal temperature can be fully utilized in the extrusion rolling process, when the mirror surface rolling mechanism applies pressure to the polished surface of the gold blank, the surface metal of the extruded and rolled gold blank can generate plastic deformation, so that the internal molecular structure of the gold blank is changed, the crystal grains of the surface metal of the gold blank become thin, and the surface structure of the gold blank is subjected to cold hardening.
In other words, when the processing method for improving the hardness of the gold jewelry provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for processing the gold jewelry, the hardness of the gold can be effectively improved without adding elements such as silver, copper, titanium, nickel and the like, namely, the hardness and the strength of the gold can be improved by adopting a physical mechanical extrusion rolling method on the premise of ensuring the high-purity gold content of the gold jewelry. In addition, as no other non-gold metal is added into the gold in the whole processing process of the gold jewelry, when the gold of the gold jewelry is recovered, the gold jewelry only needs to be melted at high temperature, and other technological means are not needed to distinguish the gold from the non-gold metal, so that the recovery efficiency of the gold is improved, the loss in the gold recovery process is reduced, the gold recovery price of the gold jewelry is further ensured, and the gold jewelry can better maintain the value; in addition, because no non-gold metal is added in the gold ornament, the gold ornament manufactured by the processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornament in the embodiment of the invention does not have the problem of surface gloss reduction caused by oxidation, and the gold ornament can be ensured to permanently keep pleasant gloss.
Specifically, before the gold blank is repeatedly subjected to the extrusion rolling process by using the mirror rolling mechanism, the surface of the gold blank is subjected to the polishing process by using the polishing mechanism, and a flat polished surface is obtained: the bulges, the obvious burrs and the like on the surface of the gold blank are flattened to improve the surface flatness of the gold blank, so that when the mirror rolling mechanism extrudes and rolls the gold blank, the extrusion force can be uniformly applied to the outer surface of the gold blank, and thus, the hardness of the gold blank can be uniformly improved, and the situation that the blank is deformed badly due to uneven surface hardness distribution of the gold blank is avoided.
More specifically, the gold raw material referred to in the present embodiment refers to pure gold with gold content as high as 99.99% or more; the gold jewelry in the embodiment refers to a jewelry made of gold, and comprises a necklace, a bracelet, an earring, a ring and other gold jewelry, and also comprises a gold ornament and other gold ornaments.
In the present embodiment, the mirror rolling mechanism is preferably a tungsten steel precision mirror rolling machine. Specifically, the rolling wheel of the precise tungsten steel mirror polishing machine is made of tungsten steel, when the mirror polishing machine is used for extruding and rolling the gold blank, the rolling wheel made of the tungsten steel directly contacts with the outer surface of the gold blank, and because the tungsten steel has a series of excellent performances such as high hardness, strong wear resistance, good strength and toughness, the tungsten steel can resist the abrasion of gold to the rolling wheel when rolling the gold blank, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the rolling force applied to the gold blank, enabling the fiber layer formed on the surface layer of the gold blank and the texture of the residual stress layer to be firmer, more uniform and hard, further enabling the hard gold machined part formed by rolling to have higher hardness, and being designed and manufactured into gold ornaments with more various shapes.
In this embodiment, the mirror-surface rolling mechanism preferably performs repeated squeeze rolling on the polished surface 10 to 20 times. Specifically, the number of squeeze rolls of the mirror rolling mechanism is generally determined according to the state of the gold blank and the size of the rolling force of the rolling wheel, so the number of repeated squeeze rolls is not specifically limited, and the number of rolls can be set according to the actual situation when the mirror rolling mechanism is used, so that the hardness of the rolled hard gold workpiece is improved to a better state.
In the present embodiment, the polishing mechanism is preferably a magnetic polisher or a barrel polisher, but is not limited to the two polishing mechanisms described above, and may be another polishing mechanism.
In this embodiment, after the hard gold processing piece is processed into the gold jewelry, for example, different molds are used to punch and shear the hard gold processing piece into small accessories, and then the surface glossiness of the gold jewelry is improved through a turning and grinding process.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the grinding process mainly includes the following steps:
the gold ornament is subjected to primary polishing treatment by adopting a nano polishing technology to remove burrs and bulges on the surface of the gold ornament after punching, shearing and other processes and fill obvious pores, scratches and the like on the surface, so that the surface flatness of the gold ornament is improved;
after the first polishing treatment, polishing the gold ornament for the second time by using a polishing wheel so as to further reduce the surface roughness of the gold ornament and improve the brightness of the outer surface of the gold ornament;
after the second polishing treatment, the gold ornament is subjected to constant-temperature water bath soaking treatment to clean and remove dust, sand grains and other stains on the surface of the gold ornament, so that secondary damage to the gold ornament caused by the subsequent third polishing is avoided. Specifically, the temperature during the water bath is preferably controlled within the range of 20-30 ℃ so as to avoid the influence of overhigh or overlow temperature on the gold ornaments, and the soaking time of the water bath is preferably 20-40 min;
the gold ornaments soaked in the constant-temperature water bath are taken out, and the gold ornaments are polished for the third time, so that the surface glossiness of the gold ornaments is further improved, and the ornaments have more ornamental value.
In this embodiment, the third polishing process includes a rough wheel polishing, a fine wheel polishing, and the final polishing process is performed to make the gold jewelry have a softer hand feeling and a smoother texture, so as to improve the affinity of the gold jewelry.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, before the soaking treatment in the constant temperature water bath, polishing wax is used to polish the surface layer of the gold jewelry, so as to improve the polishing efficiency of the third polishing treatment, and to better improve the surface gloss of the gold jewelry after the turning and polishing process.
Specifically, the polishing wax described above preferably includes polishing white wax and/or polishing blue wax.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, after the grinding process, the polishing wax on the surface of the gold jewelry is removed by a wax removal process, that is, wax scale adhered to the surface of the gold jewelry is removed; and then, cleaning the gold ornament to improve the surface light reflection effect of the gold ornament and ensure the cleanness and tidiness of the finished gold ornament product.
Specifically, the toughness and impact resistance of the finished gold ornament product processed by the processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornament provided by the embodiment of the invention is illustrated as follows:
more specifically, the present embodiment adopts a vertical falling body impact test mode which is traditional in jewelry industry to perform toughness evaluation on the gold jewelry. Wherein, the gold ornaments after the impact test are marked as √ without damage, the gold ornaments after the impact test are marked as ×, the free fall heights tested by the sample of the invention are respectively 1.5 meters, 2 meters and 4 meters, the vertical fall impact test times are 5 times, and the test results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 vertical falling impact test results for gold jewelry
Test results show that the gold ornament processed and manufactured by the processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornament provided by the embodiment of the invention has no damage in the vertical falling body impact test of 1.5 m and 2 m, and the gold ornament can still be basically kept intact in the vertical falling body impact test of 4 m, which indicates that the mirror rolling mechanism is used for repeatedly extruding and rolling the gold blank, so that the key is to change the internal molecular structure of the gold and increase the compactness, and the hardness of the gold ornament can be effectively improved. Namely, compared with the gold ornament obtained by the traditional preparation method, the gold ornament obtained by the processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornament provided by the embodiment of the invention has obviously improved hardness and shock resistance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornaments is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
melting a gold raw material for manufacturing a gold ornament at a high temperature, and cooling the melted gold raw material in a given shape to form a gold blank;
polishing the surface of the gold blank by a polishing mechanism to obtain a flat polished surface;
repeatedly extruding and rolling the gold blank on the polished surface through a mirror rolling mechanism to obtain a hard gold workpiece, wherein a residual stress layer is formed on the polished surface of the hard gold workpiece;
processing the hard gold processing piece to manufacture a gold ornament;
after the hard gold processing piece is processed into a gold ornament, the surface glossiness of the gold ornament is improved through a turning, grinding and polishing process;
the grinding process comprises the following steps:
carrying out primary polishing treatment on the gold ornament by adopting a nano polishing technology;
after the first polishing treatment, performing second polishing treatment on the gold ornament by using a polishing wheel;
after the second polishing treatment, polishing the surface layer of the gold ornament by using polishing wax, and then soaking the gold ornament in constant-temperature water bath;
taking out the gold ornaments soaked in the constant-temperature water bath, and carrying out third polishing treatment on the gold ornaments.
2. The processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornaments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: the mirror surface rolling mechanism is a tungsten steel precision mirror polishing machine.
3. The processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornaments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: and the mirror surface rolling mechanism repeatedly extrudes and rolls the polished surface for 10 to 20 times.
4. The processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornaments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: the polishing mechanism is a magnetic polishing machine or a roller polishing machine.
5. The processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornaments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: and the third polishing treatment comprises rough wheel polishing, fine yellow cloth wheel polishing and fine white cloth wheel polishing which are sequentially carried out.
6. The processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornaments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: and polishing the surface layer of the gold ornament by using polishing wax before the soaking treatment in the constant-temperature water bath.
7. The processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornaments as claimed in claim 6, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: the polishing wax comprises polishing white wax and/or polishing blue wax.
8. The processing method for improving the hardness of the gold ornaments as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: after the turning, grinding and polishing process, removing the polishing wax on the surface of the gold ornament through a wax removal process, and simultaneously cleaning the gold ornament to improve the surface light reflection effect of the gold ornament.
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| CN113819861A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2021-12-21 | 上海豫园珠宝时尚集团有限公司 | Method for measuring surface roughness of pure gold ornaments and sequencing method |
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| CN106231949A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2016-12-14 | 乔凡娜·坎托尼 | The manufacture method of the ornaments being made up of noble metal and thus obtained ornaments |
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| CN101928898B (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2012-08-08 | 上海交大电气(集团)有限公司 | Method for improving hardness and strength of high-purity gold |
| CN105537303B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-03-30 | 广东潮宏基实业股份有限公司 | Improve the processing method and its equipment of gold product hardness |
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