CN110690843A - Motor driving device - Google Patents
Motor driving device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110690843A CN110690843A CN201910477419.9A CN201910477419A CN110690843A CN 110690843 A CN110690843 A CN 110690843A CN 201910477419 A CN201910477419 A CN 201910477419A CN 110690843 A CN110690843 A CN 110690843A
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- common mode
- surge voltage
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- power
- pwm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
- H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
- H02M1/123—Suppression of common mode voltage or current
Abstract
Provided is a small-sized and low-cost motor drive device capable of reducing a common mode surge voltage applied to a motor without providing 2 surge voltage suppressing circuits. A motor drive device (10) is provided with: a PWM rectifier (21) that converts three-phase AC power into DC power and outputs the DC power; and a PWM inverter (23) that converts the DC power output from the PWM rectifier (21) into three-phase AC power and supplies the three-phase AC power to the motor (14), wherein the motor drive device (10) suppresses a surge voltage applied to the motor (14) by means of a common mode surge voltage suppression device (30) connected between the three-phase AC input side and the DC output side of the PWM rectifier (21).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a motor drive device applied to an inverter drive motor system that converts ac power into dc power by a rectifier, supplies the dc power to an inverter, and drives a motor by the inverter.
Background
In a motor drive device driven by an inverter, a large surge voltage may be applied to a motor, which may cause damage or burnout due to insulation breakdown. In particular, when a system configuration is adopted in which a PWM rectifier controlled by a pulse width modulation (hereinafter, referred to as PWM) signal is used in combination with a PWM inverter similarly controlled by a PWM signal, a larger surge voltage is applied to the motor.
Surge voltages causing breakage of the motor are classified into a normal mode surge voltage, which is a normal mode component causing insulation breakdown between wires of the motor winding, and a common mode surge voltage, which is a common mode component causing insulation breakdown between the motor winding and the frame.
The normal mode surge voltage is generated depending on the switching speed and the switching pattern (switching pattern) of the PWM inverter.
On the other hand, the common mode surge voltage is the sum of the aforementioned 3 of the common mode surge voltage, the common mode voltage variation generated by the PWM inverter, and the common mode voltage variation generated by the PWM rectifier.
That is, when the inverter drive motor system is constructed including the PWM rectifier, the common mode surge voltage becomes larger.
Various counter devices for reducing the surge voltage have been proposed. For example, in the conventional technique described in patent document 1, a surge voltage suppression circuit is connected to a motor wiring between an inverter and a motor as a load. In the surge voltage suppression circuit, reactors are arranged on output lines of the inverter, the other end of a capacitor having one end connected between the reactors and the induction motor is connected to a negative-side dc line on an input side of the inverter, a diode bridge circuit is connected between a connection point of the capacitor and the induction motor, and a dc output side of the diode bridge circuit is connected to positive and negative dc lines of the inverter.
The surge voltage suppression circuit reduces a normal mode surge voltage generated in the inverter. In this case, the common mode surge voltage also exhibits some reducing effect, and the common mode surge voltage is also reduced by the reduction amount of the normal mode surge voltage.
In contrast, many countermeasures for reducing both the normal mode surge voltage and the common mode surge voltage have been proposed. For example, in the conventional technique described in patent document 2, a first surge voltage suppression circuit including a reactor and a capacitor is connected between an inverter and a motor, and a second surge voltage suppression circuit including a reactor and a capacitor is connected to an input side of a PWM rectifier.
The first surge voltage suppression circuit is configured only of a reactor and a capacitor, except for the diode bridge circuit described in the prior art described in patent document 1.
The second surge voltage suppression circuit is constituted by reactors connected to the input terminals of the PWM rectifier, respectively, and capacitors having one ends connected between the reactors and the ac power supply and the other ends connected to each other and then connected to the negative electrode terminal on the output side of the PWM rectifier.
Therefore, the normal mode surge voltage and the common mode voltage variation due to the inverter are reduced by the first surge voltage suppression circuit, and the common mode voltage variation due to the PWM rectifier is reduced by the second surge voltage suppression circuit. As a result, both the normal mode surge voltage and the common mode surge voltage can be greatly reduced.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2004-320888
Patent document 2: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 9-294381
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, in order to reduce the common mode surge voltage in addition to the conventional technique described in patent document 1, a complicated circuit configuration is provided in which the first surge voltage suppression circuit and the second surge voltage suppression circuit are provided as in the conventional technique described in patent document 2, which causes an increase in size and cost of the device. In the conventional technique described in patent document 2, each of the first surge voltage suppression circuit and the second surge voltage suppression circuit is connected to an intermediate point of a pair of capacitors connected between the dc units between the PWM rectifier and the PWM inverter. In these first and second surge voltage suppression circuits, a reactor and a capacitor are connected in series to form an LC series resonant circuit. Since 2 LC series resonant circuits are connected in series, a multiple resonance system is formed, and generation of an excessive voltage/current at each resonance frequency cannot be suppressed.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized and low-cost motor driving device capable of reducing a common mode surge voltage applied to a motor without providing 2 surge voltage suppressing circuits as in the conventional technique described in patent document 2.
Means for solving the problems
In order to achieve the above object, a motor drive device according to the present invention includes: a PWM rectifier that converts three-phase ac power into dc power and outputs the dc power; and a PWM inverter that converts the dc power output from the PWM rectifier into three-phase ac power and supplies the three-phase ac power to the motor, wherein the motor driving device suppresses a surge voltage applied to the motor by a common mode surge voltage suppression device connected between a three-phase ac input side and a dc output side of the PWM rectifier.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the present invention, a small-sized and low-cost motor drive device that reduces a common mode surge voltage applied to a motor can be provided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a motor drive device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a principle of generation of a surge voltage, (a) is a circuit diagram illustrating generation of a common mode surge voltage, and (b) is a circuit illustrating a principle of suppression of the common mode surge voltage.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a surge suppression state according to the first embodiment, where (a) shows a case where the common mode surge voltage suppression device is not used, and (b) shows a case where the common mode surge voltage suppression device is used.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the first embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the common mode surge voltage suppression device of the motor drive device according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a first modification of the second embodiment of the common mode surge voltage suppression device.
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a second modification of the second embodiment of the common mode surge voltage suppression device.
Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a third modification of the second embodiment of the common mode surge voltage suppression device.
Fig. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a motor drive device according to a fifth embodiment of the common mode surge voltage suppression device.
Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing a first modification of the first to fifth embodiments of the motor drive device according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing a second modification of the first to fifth embodiments of the motor drive device according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a block diagram showing a third modified series of the first to fifth embodiments of the motor drive device according to the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a block diagram showing a fourth modification of the first to fifth embodiments of the motor drive device according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
11: a three-phase AC power supply; 12: a power transformer; 13: a power conversion device; 14: a three-phase motor; 21: a PWM rectifier; 22: a smoothing capacitor; 23: a PWM inverter; 24: an output side cable; 25: an input side cable; 30: a common mode surge voltage suppression device; 31: an input side capacitor; 32: a three-phase alternating current reactor; 33: an output side capacitor; 40: a normal mode surge voltage suppressing device.
Detailed Description
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings below, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals.
The embodiments described below are intended to exemplify apparatuses and methods for embodying the technical ideas of the present invention, and the technical ideas of the present invention do not specify the materials, shapes, structures, arrangements, and the like of the components to be the materials, shapes, structures, arrangements, and the like described below. The technical idea of the present invention can be modified in various ways within the technical scope defined by the claims described in the claims.
A first embodiment of a motor drive device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor drive device includes: a three-phase AC power supply 11; a power conversion device 13 to which the three-phase ac power output from the three-phase ac power supply 11 is input via a power transformer 12; and a three-phase motor 14 driven by the three-phase power output from the power conversion device 13.
The power transformer 12 is set to a delta-wye connection, the primary side of the power transformer 12 connected to the three-phase ac power source 11 is set to a delta connection, and the secondary side of the power transformer 12 connected to the power conversion device 13 is set to a Y (star) connection. The neutral point of the Y-connection on the secondary side of the power transformer 12 is grounded.
The power conversion device 13 includes: a PWM rectifier 21 that performs pulse width modulation (hereinafter, referred to as PWM) control for converting three-phase ac power input from the power supply transformer 12 via the three-phase ac reactor 32 into dc power; a smoothing capacitor 22 for smoothing the dc power output from the PWM rectifier 21; and a PWM inverter 23 that performs PWM control for converting the dc power smoothed by the smoothing capacitor 22 into three-phase ac power and supplying the three-phase ac power to the three-phase motor 14.
As shown in fig. 1, the PWM rectifier 21 includes a full-bridge circuit in which an R-phase switching arm CSLr, an S-phase switching arm CSLs, and a T-phase switching arm CSLt are connected in parallel between a positive-side wiring Lp and a negative-side wiring Ln.
In the R-phase switching arm CSLr, 2 switching elements Q11 and Q12 each including, for example, an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) are connected in series. In the S-phase switch arm CSLs and the T-phase switch arm CSLt, the same switching elements Q13 and Q14 as those of the R-phase switch arm CSLr are connected in series, as well as the switching elements Q15 and Q16. Flywheel diodes D11 to D16 are connected in anti-parallel to the switching elements Q11 to Q16.
The three-phase ac reactor 32 is composed of 3 reactors Lcr, Lcs, and Lct. One end of each of the reactors Lcr, Lcs, and Lct is connected to the output side of the power supply transformer 12, and the other end of each of the reactors Lcr, Lcs, and Lct is connected to a midpoint of each of the switching arms CSLr, CSLs, and CSLt, which is a connection point between the switching elements Q11, Q13, and Q15 and the switching elements Q12, Q14, and Q16.
A gate signal formed of a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal is input from a gate drive circuit, not shown, to the gates of the switching elements Q11 to Q16, so that ac power from the power transformer 12 is converted into dc power and output to the positive electrode-side wiring Lp and the negative electrode-side wiring Ln.
As shown in fig. 1, PWM inverter 23 includes a full-bridge circuit in which U-phase switching arm ISLu, V-phase switching arm ISLv, and W-phase switching arm ISLw are connected in parallel between positive-side wiring Lp and negative-side wiring Ln, and smoothing capacitor 22 is connected between positive-side wiring Lp and negative-side wiring Ln.
In the U-phase switching arm ISLu, 2 switching elements Q21 and Q22, which are formed of, for example, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs), are connected in series. Also in the V-phase switch arm ISLv and the W-phase switch arm ISLw, the switching elements Q23 and Q24 and the switching elements Q25 and Q26 similar to the switching element of the U-phase switch arm ISLu are connected in series. Flywheel diodes D21 to D26 are connected in antiparallel with the switching elements Q21 to Q26, respectively.
Further, connection points between the switching elements Q21, Q23, and Q25 and the switching elements Q22, Q24, and Q26 of the respective switching arms ISLu, ISLv, and ISLw are connected to the three-phase motor 14 via the three-phase output-side cable 24.
A gate signal formed of a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal is input from a gate drive circuit, not shown, to the gates of the switching elements Q21 to Q26 of the PWM inverter 23. In the PWM inverter 23, dc power supplied from the positive-side wiring Lp and the negative-side wiring Ln connected to the dc output side of the PWM rectifier 21 is converted into ac power and supplied to the three-phase motor 14 via the three-phase output-side cable 24.
In this manner, in the power conversion device 13 including the PWM rectifier 21 and the PWM inverter 23, power conversion is performed by causing the switching elements to perform switching operations. Therefore, a normal mode surge voltage depending on the switching speed and the switching pattern of the PWM inverter is generated.
In the power conversion device 13 having the above configuration, as described above, the common mode surge voltage, which is the sum of 3 of the normal mode surge voltage, the common mode voltage variation Vcmm _ inv generated in the PWM inverter 23, and the common mode voltage variation Vcmm _ cnv generated in the PWM rectifier 21, is generated.
In addition, the failure of motor damage caused by inverter surge in the case of constructing a system in which a PWM rectifier and a PWM inverter are combined is much more than the failure of motor damage caused by inverter surge in the case of using a single PWM inverter.
In this respect, adding the PWM rectifier 21, that is, adding the common mode voltage variation Vcmm _ cnv generated by the PWM rectifier 21 is a direct cause of motor damage, and if the common mode voltage variation Vcmm _ cnv generated by the PWM rectifier 21 can be appropriately reduced, motor damage due to inverter surge voltage can be prevented.
Therefore, the present invention provides the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 that greatly reduces only the common mode voltage variation Vcmm _ cnv generated by the PWM rectifier 21.
The common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 includes an input side capacitor 31 and a zero sequence component (zero phase component) of the three-phase ac reactor 32 provided between the secondary side of the power transformer 12 and the three-phase ac reactor 32, and an output side capacitor 33 provided on the output side of the PWM rectifier 21.
The output-side capacitor 33 includes 2 capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 connected in series between the positive-side wiring Lp and the negative-side wiring Ln, which are dc output sides of the PWM rectifier 21.
The other end of each of the capacitors Ccr, Ccs, and Cct of the input-side capacitor 31 connected to each other is connected to a connection point between the capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 of the output-side capacitor 33.
Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.
The motor drive device includes a PWM rectifier 21, a PWM inverter 23, and a motor 14, and a secondary-side neutral point of a system-side power transformer 12 is grounded. When such a system is constructed, the common mode surge voltage applied to the motor 14 becomes large. The common mode surge voltage is the sum of the common mode component of the motor surge obtained by adding the common mode voltage variation Vcom _ con generated in the PWM rectifier 21 and the common mode voltage variation Vcom _ inv generated in the PWM inverter 23 and the normal mode component of the surge voltage generated in the PWM inverter 23.
Here, the common mode voltage fluctuates between the dc part and the ground every time the switching elements constituting the PWM rectifier 21 are switched. In general, when the switching element is switched once, a common mode voltage variation of 1/3, which is a dc intermediate voltage, occurs. However, depending on the switching pattern of the switching elements of the PWM rectifier 21, there is a condition that the common mode voltage fluctuation increases, and a larger common mode surge voltage is applied to the motor 14.
As shown in fig. 1, the secondary side of the system-side power transformer 12 is grounded at a neutral point, and common-mode voltage variation occurs with reference to this point. That is, the larger the common mode voltage variation is applied to the neutral point ground farther from power transformer 12, that is, the largest common mode voltage variation is applied to motor 14 farthest away.
At this time, as shown in fig. 2 (a), if the input-side capacitor 31 to be star-connected is not connected to the dc intermediate portion, which is the dc output side of the PWM rectifier 21, the virtual neutral points of the three star-connected phases of the input-side capacitor 31 connected to the input side of the PWM rectifier 21 are most stable with respect to the ground in the motor drive device, and the input side of the PWM rectifier 21 is closest to the neutral point of the power supply transformer 12 on the most stable system side.
However, since the PWM rectifier 21 generates the common mode voltage as described above, as shown in fig. 2 (a), a large common mode voltage fluctuation Vcom _ con of 1/3 in which the dc intermediate voltage changes stepwise is generated in the dc intermediate portion on the output side of the PWM rectifier 21 as the switching elements constituting the PWM rectifier 21 perform switching.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 that connects the input side and the output side of the PWM rectifier 21 is provided.
As shown in fig. 2 (b), the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 connects the three-phase virtual neutral point of the input side capacitor 31 provided on the input side of the stabilized PWM rectifier 21 to the dc intermediate portion via the capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 of the output side capacitor 33.
With such a configuration, since the dc intermediate section operates to short-circuit at a high frequency by the output-side capacitor 33, a rapid common mode voltage change Vcom _ con can be significantly suppressed.
However, if the virtual neutral point on the input side is simply short-circuited to the dc intermediate portion by the capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 of the output side capacitor 33, the original function of the PWM rectifier 21, that is, the input current cannot be made sinusoidal.
To prevent this, a reactor effective for the common mode component (zero sequence component) is required at the input side of the PWM rectifier 21. Fig. 1 shows a reactor in which the pair of common mode components are effective by the zero sequence component of the three-phase ac reactor 32 of the PWM rectifier 21, but a common mode reactor may be newly added. The common mode reactor may be connected to the dc intermediate portion.
As described above, according to the first embodiment, in the motor drive device in which the PWM rectifier 21, the PWM inverter 23, and the motor 14 are combined, the common mode voltage variation Vcom _ con generated in the PWM rectifier 21 can be greatly suppressed by the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 provided between the input side and the output side of the PWM rectifier 21, and as a result, a common mode surge voltage suppression device capable of appropriately reducing the common mode surge voltage applied to the motor 14 can be realized.
In addition, since the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 only needs to be provided between the input side and the output side of the PWM rectifier 21 and the common mode surge voltage suppression device does not need to be provided on the PWM inverter 23 side with respect to the reduction of the common mode surge voltage applied to the motor 14, the common mode surge voltage suppression device can be configured with a simple configuration.
Further, since only the common mode surge suppression device 30 is connected to the midpoint between the output side capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 of the PWM rectifier 21, the first surge suppression device connected in parallel with the PWM inverter and the second surge suppression circuit connected in parallel with the PWM rectifier are not connected between the pair of capacitors connected to the output side of the PWM rectifier as described in the related art of patent document 2, and therefore, the LC resonant circuits are not connected in series to form a multiple resonance system, and the variation in the common mode voltage generated in the PWM rectifier can be suppressed reliably.
In the first embodiment, the following is explained: the input-side capacitor 31 connected to the input side of the PWM rectifier 21 in a star configuration is directly connected to a connection point between the capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 of the output-side capacitor 33 connected to the output side of the PWM rectifier 21 and short-circuiting the dc intermediate portion at a high frequency. However, the present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and as shown in fig. 4, the intermediate capacitor Cm may be inserted between the neutral point, which is the connection point between the capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 of the output-side capacitor 33 and the connection points of the capacitors Ccr to Cct of the input-side capacitor 31. In this case, the capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 can be eliminated, the smoothing capacitor 22 of the PWM rectifier and the PWM inverter can be configured by a plurality of capacitor banks connected in series, and the intermediate connection point of the capacitor banks can be used flexibly.
[ second embodiment ]
Next, a second embodiment of the common mode surge voltage suppression device according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 5 and 6.
In the second embodiment, it is assumed that an excessive voltage/current is prevented from being generated at the resonance frequency of the LC resonance circuit including the common mode surge voltage suppression filter.
That is, in the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, an attenuation resistor is connected between the input-side capacitor 31 of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 and a connection point between the power supply transformer 12 and the three-phase ac reactor 32. The attenuation resistor is composed of resistors Rbr, Rbs, and Rbt connected in series to the respective capacitors Ccr, Ccs, and Cct of the input side capacitor 31.
The damping resistor prevents an excessive voltage/current from being generated at the resonance frequency of the LC resonance circuit including the input-side capacitor 31, the output-side capacitor 33, and the three-phase ac reactor 32.
That is, if the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 is represented by an equivalent circuit, it is as shown in fig. 6.
It can be confirmed that the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 is composed of a zero sequence reactor (japanese: zero phase リアクト ル) Lr as a zero sequence component of the three-phase ac reactor 32, a combined capacitance Cf of the input side capacitor 31 forming a virtual neutral point of the three phases on the input side, and a combined capacitance Cpn of the output side capacitor 33 short-circuiting a dc intermediate portion at a high frequency, and forms a closed-loop LC resonance circuit.
The LC resonant circuit is at the resonant frequency
Lower to generate excessive voltage/current, but canThe attenuation resistors Rdr to Rdt can attenuate the excessive voltage/current at the resonance frequency ω 0. In this case, if consideration is given to reducing the generated loss and improving the resonance damping effect, it is preferable to set the values of the damping resistances Rdr to Rdt so that the damping coefficient ζ falls within the range of 0.2 to 0.5. Here, if the attenuation coefficient is set to a value smaller than 0.2, the attenuation effect of the excessive voltage/current becomes small, and if the attenuation coefficient is set to a value exceeding 0.5, the attenuation effect of the excessive voltage/current becomes large, but conversely, the loss generated becomes large, which is not preferable. In order to exert the effect of reducing the excessive voltage/current while suppressing the generated loss, it is more preferable to set the attenuation coefficient to about 0.3.
According to the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment described above, it is possible to prevent an excessive voltage/current from being generated at the resonance frequency of the LC resonance circuit including the inductance of the three-phase ac reactor 32 and the capacitances of the input side capacitor 31 and the output side capacitor 33 constituting the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30. Therefore, it is possible to provide a common mode surge voltage suppression device that prevents excessive voltage/current from being generated due to LC resonance.
At this time, by setting the values of the damping resistors Rdr to Rdt so that the damping coefficient is about 0.3, the effect of reducing the excessive voltage/current can be exerted while suppressing the loss due to the damping resistors Rdr to Rdt.
The damping resistor is not limited to being connected in series with the input side capacitor 31, and may be connected as 1 resistor Rd to a connection line between the input side capacitor 31 and the output side capacitor 33 as shown in fig. 7. As shown in fig. 8, the resistors Rs1 and Rs2 may be connected in series between the capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 of the output side capacitor 33. As shown in fig. 9, the resistors Rdr to Rdt may be connected in parallel with the respective reactors Lcr to Lcrt of the three-phase ac reactor 32. In short, it is sufficient to reduce an excessive voltage/current caused by LC resonance of the common mode surge suppression device 30, and the attenuation resistor can be inserted at any position in the common mode surge suppression device 30.
Although fig. 5 and 7 to 9 show the zero-sequence reactor Lr formed by the zero-sequence component of the three-phase ac reactor 32 of the PWM rectifier 21, a common mode reactor may be newly added as in the first embodiment.
In the first and second embodiments, the case where the PWM rectifier 21 is provided has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can also be applied to a diode rectifier in which 3 groups of diode arms in which 2 diodes are connected in series are connected in parallel.
[ third embodiment ]
Next, a third embodiment of the motor drive device according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1.
In the third embodiment, the resonance frequency of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 is set not to coincide with the switching frequency of the PWM rectifier.
That is, in the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the motor drive device is configured by the power supply transformer 12, the PWM rectifier 21, the smoothing capacitor 22, the PWM inverter 23, and the motor 14, and the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 that connects the input side and the output side of the PWM rectifier 21 is provided, and the common mode voltage fluctuation Vcom _ con generated in the PWM rectifier 21 is suppressed by the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30.
In the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30, as described in the second embodiment, the three-phase ac reactors 32, the input-side capacitor 31, and the output-side capacitor 33 form a series LC resonance circuit. Therefore, the resonance state in which an excessive voltage/current is generated is set at the resonance frequency ω 0 of the series LC resonance circuit. This resonance state can be suppressed by the damping resistor of the second embodiment described above, but when the LC resonance frequency coincides with the switching frequency of the PWM rectifier 21, a further excessive voltage/current is generated.
Therefore, in the third embodiment, the series resonance frequency ω 0 of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 is set to be lower than the switching frequency of the PWM rectifier 21, thereby preventing the generation of an excessive voltage/current.
That is, for example, when 10kW or less is used for the PWM rectifier 21, the switching frequency is generally about 8kHz to 10kHz even in a model in which the switching frequency can be changed.
Therefore, the capacitance Cf of the input-side capacitor 31, the inductance Lr of the three-phase ac reactor 32, and the capacitance Cpn of the output-side capacitor 33 may be set so that the LC series resonance frequency ω 0 of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 is less than 8 kHz.
Here, in the case of the PWM rectifier 21 exceeding 100kW, the switching frequency of the PWM rectifier 21 may be 5kHz or less. In this case, the LC series resonance frequency ω 0 of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 may be set to be less than 5 kHz.
Although it is proposed to provide a surge voltage suppression filter having a similar configuration to that of the present embodiment on the output side of the PWM inverter 23, in this case, a three-phase ac reactor is not necessary in principle, and the configuration is different. In addition, the number of PWM inverters 23 capable of changing the switching frequency to 1kHz or less is large.
Therefore, in the case of the common mode surge voltage suppression filter connected to the output side of the PWM inverter 23, it is necessary to set the LC resonance frequency to be smaller than 1kHz, and it is necessary to increase the size of the common mode suppression surge suppression filter, or to implement additional measures such as setting a limit to the switching frequency of the PWM inverter 23.
However, when the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 that connects the input side and the output side of the PWM rectifier 21 is provided as in the present embodiment, since the switching frequency of the PWM rectifier 21 is higher than the switching frequency of the PWM inverter 23, the LC series resonance frequency ω 0 of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 can be set to be 5 times or more higher, and there is no need to perform additional measures such as increasing the size of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 or limiting the switching frequency setting of the PWM rectifier 21.
Therefore, in the motor drive device in which the PWM rectifier 21 is combined with the PWM inverter 23 and the motor 14, the following common mode surge voltage suppression device can be realized: the common mode surge voltage applied to the motor 14 can be appropriately reduced, and it is possible to prevent an excessive voltage/current from being generated due to the LC resonance frequency of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 coinciding with the switching frequency of the PWM rectifier 21.
[ fourth embodiment ]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the motor drive device according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1.
In the fourth embodiment, the lower limit value of the LC series resonance frequency of the common mode surge voltage suppression device is set.
That is, in the fourth embodiment, setting of the lower limit value of the LC resonance frequency ω 0 of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 shown in fig. 1 is described.
The PWM rectifier 21 is a power electronic device for making a three-phase input current into a sinusoidal wave, and when performing a two-phase modulation operation, it also generates a frequency spectrum of odd-numbered harmonics (3 rd, 9 th, and 15 th … th) that are 3 times the power supply frequency. When this low harmonic spectrum overlaps with the LC resonant frequency of the common mode surge suppression device, excessive voltage/current is generated.
Since the amplitude decreases as the frequency of the low harmonic spectrum increases, it is preferable to set the LC series resonance frequency of the common mode surge voltage suppressor 30 to a frequency of 3 rd harmonic components exceeding the minimum power supply frequency, and practically to set the LC series resonance frequency to 21 th harmonic components or more which are components of 1kHz or more for both 50Hz and 60 Hz.
By setting the lower limit value of the LC series resonance frequency of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 to a value exceeding the 21 st harmonic component of the power supply frequency in this manner, the common mode surge voltage applied to the motor 14 can be appropriately reduced in the system configuration in which the PWM rectifier 21 is combined with the PWM inverter 23 and the motor 14.
In addition, a common mode surge voltage suppression device capable of preventing: since the LC series resonance frequency of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 matches the 3 rd harmonic component of the power supply frequency generated by the operation of the PWM rectifier 21, an excessive voltage/current is generated.
In addition, if only the LC series resonance frequency of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 is set, the inductance L of the three-phase ac reactor 32 and the capacitance C of the input side capacitor 31 and the output side capacitor 33 are not uniquely determined.
Therefore, the values of the inductance L and the capacitance C of the common mode surge voltage suppressor 30 are determined by reducing the target to the low harmonic component, particularly the 3 rd harmonic component. Specifically, the smaller the inductance L, the smaller the structure of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30. However, when the inductance L is reduced, the current flowing back in the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 increases, and therefore the output current such as the current flowing through the switching elements of the PWM inverter 23, the current flowing through the three-phase ac reactors, and the like increases.
If the inductance L is increased to reduce the output current, the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 becomes larger. Therefore, as a general object, when the reactor of the common mode surge suppression device 30 is determined so that the output current is equal to or less than 1/8 of the rated current of the PWM rectifier 21, the output current can be reduced without increasing the size of the common mode surge suppression device 30.
[ fifth embodiment ]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the motor drive device according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 10.
In the fifth embodiment, the LC series resonance frequency of the common mode surge voltage suppression device is made not to coincide with the resonance frequency of the entire system of the motor drive device.
That is, as shown in fig. 10, the resonance frequency of the entire system of the motor drive apparatus is determined by a loop formed by the secondary side-input side cable 25 of the power transformer 12, the PWM rectifier 21, the PWM inverter 23, the output side cable 24, the motor 14, and the ground 26.
In the case where the length of the output side cable 24 between the PWM inverter 23 and the motor 14 is set to 200m in the 10kW motor driving device, the resonance frequency of the entire system is 20kHz to 40kHz, which is higher than the switching frequency of the PWM rectifier 21 described above, and this is not a serious problem in the present situation.
However, the resonance frequency of the entire system may be lowered due to the influence of the cable length, the shield wire, another filter, and the like. Further, with the spread of next-generation power semiconductors such as SiC and GaN, it is expected that the switching frequency of the PWM rectifier 21 will increase to about 100kHz, and as a resonance frequency that does not want to match the resonance frequency of the common-mode surge voltage suppression device 30, the condition that the resonance frequency of the entire system will match the resonance frequency of the common-mode surge voltage suppression device 30 is increasing.
By setting the resonance frequency of the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 higher than this resonance frequency, it is possible to prevent a further excessive voltage/current from flowing.
In the first to fifth embodiments, the following conditions are described: the PWM inverter 23 and the motor 14 are each 1 for 1 PWM rectifier 21. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 may be connected to the input side and the output side of the PWM rectifier 21 even in the case where a plurality of motors 14 are driven by one PWM inverter 23 as shown in fig. 11 or in the configuration (common converter) system) in which a plurality of PWM inverters 23 and motors 14 are connected to the dc intermediate portion of the PWM rectifier 21 as shown in fig. 12.
In particular, in the case of the common converter system, even if more than 10 inverters 23 and motors 14 are connected to 1 PWM rectifier 21, 1 common mode surge voltage suppression device 30 may be added to the PWM rectifier 21, and the protection effect for all the motors 14 can be obtained by using 1 common mode surge voltage suppression device 30, so that the total cost and installation volume are greatly reduced by reducing the number of applications of the common mode surge voltage suppression devices 30.
As described above, the breakdown of the motor due to the surge voltage occurs not only due to the common mode component but also due to the normal mode surge component. As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the normal mode surge voltage suppression device 40 is connected between the ac output side of the PWM inverter and the motor 14 only for the motor to which the more serious surge voltage is applied by combining the two components as described above, whereby a motor drive device with higher reliability can be configured.
Here, the normal mode surge voltage suppression device 40 is configured by, for example, a three-phase reactor connected between the PWM inverter 23 and the electric motor 14, and a capacitor connected between the three-phase reactor and the electric motor 14 and star-connected thereto.
Fig. 13 shows a case where the plurality of motors 14 are driven by 1 PWM inverter 23 as in fig. 11 described above, and the normal mode surge voltage suppression device 40 is provided between the PWM inverter 23 and the lower motor 14.
Fig. 14 shows a case where a group of a plurality of PWM inverters 23 and a motor 14 is driven by 1 PWM rectifier 21 as in fig. 12 described above, and a normal mode surge voltage suppression device 40 is provided between the lower PWM inverter 23 and the motor 14.
Claims (11)
1. A motor drive device is provided with: a PWM rectifier that converts three-phase ac power into dc power and outputs the dc power; and a PWM inverter for converting the DC power outputted from the PWM rectifier into three-phase AC power and supplying the three-phase AC power to the motor,
a surge voltage applied to the motor is suppressed by a common mode surge voltage suppression device connected between a three-phase AC input side and a DC output side of the PWM rectifier.
2. The motor drive device according to claim 1,
the common mode surge voltage suppression device is provided with:
an input-side capacitor formed by star-connecting capacitors connected to a three-phase ac input side of the PWM rectifier;
an output side capacitor connected to the dc output side of the PWM rectifier at a high frequency via a capacitor; and
an inductance component which is connected between a connection point of the input side capacitor and the three-phase alternating current and a connection point of the output side capacitor and the direct current output side of the PWM rectifier and is effective for a common mode component,
wherein a three-phase virtual neutral point formed by the input side capacitor is connected to a neutral point of the output side capacitor.
3. The motor drive device according to claim 2,
an attenuation resistor is inserted in a path formed by the input-side capacitor, the PWM rectifier, the output-side capacitor, and the inductance component of the common mode surge voltage suppression device.
4. The motor drive device according to claim 3,
an attenuation coefficient formed by LC resonance of the common mode component of the attenuation resistor and the common mode surge voltage suppression device is set to be in a range of 0.2-0.5.
5. The motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
an LC resonance frequency of a common mode component of the common mode surge voltage suppression device is set lower than a switching frequency of the PWM rectifier.
6. The motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
the LC resonance frequency of the common mode component of the common mode surge voltage suppression device is set higher than the third harmonic frequency of the three-phase alternating-current power supply.
7. A motor drive device is provided with: a PWM rectifier that converts three-phase ac power into dc power and outputs the dc power; and a PWM inverter for converting the DC power outputted from the PWM rectifier into three-phase AC power and supplying the three-phase AC power to the motor,
suppressing a surge voltage applied to the motor by a common mode surge voltage suppressing device connected between a three-phase AC input side and a DC output side of the PWM rectifier,
an LC resonance frequency of a common mode component of the common mode surge voltage suppression device is set higher than an LC resonance frequency of a loop formed via a three-phase ac system rectifier-the PWM inverter-the motor-ground.
8. The motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
the structure is as follows: the present invention is directed to 1 PWM rectifier, which includes at least 1 PWM inverter and at least 2 or more motors, and the common mode surge voltage suppression device is connected to the 1 PWM rectifier.
9. The motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
the plurality of PWM inverters and the plurality of motors are connected to 1 PWM rectifier, and the common mode surge voltage suppression device is connected to the 1 PWM rectifier.
10. The motor drive device according to claim 7 or 8,
and a normal mode surge voltage suppression device is connected between the 1 PWM inverter and the motor.
11. A motor drive device is provided with: a PWM rectifier that converts three-phase ac power into dc power and outputs the dc power; and a PWM inverter for converting the DC power outputted from the PWM rectifier into three-phase AC power and supplying the three-phase AC power to the motor,
suppressing a surge voltage applied to the motor by a common mode surge voltage suppressing device connected between a three-phase AC input side and a DC output side of the PWM rectifier,
an LC resonance frequency of a common mode component of the common mode surge voltage suppression device is set higher than an LC resonance frequency of a loop formed via a three-phase ac system rectifier-the PWM inverter-the motor-ground.
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| JP2018-128983 | 2018-07-06 | ||
| JP2018128983A JP7238284B2 (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | electric motor drive |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113381596A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-09-10 | 株洲中车奇宏散热技术有限公司 | Method for reducing overvoltage of wind power generator side filter |
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| JP7238284B2 (en) | 2023-03-14 |
| JP2020010484A (en) | 2020-01-16 |
| CN110690843B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
| DE102019113721A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
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