CN110687015A - System and method for determining diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil - Google Patents
System and method for determining diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 222
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- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N2013/003—Diffusion; diffusivity between liquids
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for measuring diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil, wherein the system comprises a visual micro model, an emulsion injection device, a crude oil injection device, a temperature control device and a confining pressure control device, wherein: a diffusion space and a fluid channel are arranged in the visual micro model; two ends of the fluid channel are respectively connected with a first liquid inlet pipe and a first liquid outlet pipe; the emulsion injection device and the crude oil injection device are respectively used for injecting the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and the crude oil into the fluid channel; the temperature control device is used for adjusting the experiment temperature; the confining pressure control device is used for adjusting the experimental confining pressure; the first liquid discharge pipe is provided with a pressure regulating valve for regulating the back pressure of the experiment; and the first liquid inlet pipe is provided with a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion when the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion diffuses into the crude oil. By adopting the system and the method, the diffusion process of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil can be simulated, and the diffusion coefficient can be further determined.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system and a method for measuring diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil, belonging to the technical field of oil extraction engineering.
Background
At present, a large amount of carbon dioxide tail gas is discharged by a plurality of coal-fired power plants, ethane-to-ethylene operation projects and the like. The global warming problem due to the large amount of carbon dioxide emissions is becoming more and more severe. A great deal of research and application results at home and abroad show that CO is injected into an oil layer2Can greatly improve the recovery ratio of crude oil, and simultaneously, the oil reservoir is an under gas storage reservoir with good closed condition, and can realize CO2Long term geological sequestration. Thus, with CO2The oil displacement agent can realize the social benefit and the environmental benefit of carbon dioxide emission reduction and also generate great economic benefit. The U.S. journal of oil and gas survey shows that carbon dioxide flooding has been developed as the most effective EOR means in addition to thermal recovery, and particularly in the united states and canada, carbon dioxide miscible flooding is developed on a larger scale.
In the process of adopting carbon dioxide to drive oil, the mass transfer rule of carbon dioxide in a saturated crude oil core is particularly important for predicting the migration characteristic of injected carbon dioxide. Therefore, the determination of the diffusion coefficient of the carbon dioxide in the saturated crude oil core has important significance for the development of the carbon dioxide flooding technology. Under high temperature and pressure well conditions, CO2Generally in supercritical state (temperature and pressure are respectively above 31.1 deg.C and 7.38 MPa), CO2Density close to liquid density when CO2The surfactant solution system corresponds to a liquid-liquid dispersion system and belongs to the category of emulsions (emulsions for short).
Supercritical CO, published in volume 26, No. 1 of the university journal of petrochemical engineering, 20132Minimum miscible pressure study of microemulsion and alkane in the text, dongchun et al examined the effect of alkane carbon number, temperature, water and surfactant mole fraction on Minimum Miscible Pressure (MMP) of supercritical microemulsion and alkane. But does not relate to the diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil.
Indeed, supercritical CO is currently being investigated2The diffusion coefficient of the emulsion in crude oil is relatively less reported, and the research on the supercritical CO is carried out2Methods and systems for microscopic interactions between emulsions and crude oils are also not uncommon.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a system for determining diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil, by which the diffusion process of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil can be simulated, so that the diffusion coefficient can be determined.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil, and the diffusion process of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil is simulated by adopting the system so as to determine the diffusion coefficient.
In order to achieve the above object, the system for determining diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil provided by the present invention comprises a visual micro model, an emulsion injection device, a crude oil injection device, a temperature control device, and a confining pressure control device, wherein: the visual microscopic model comprises an upper glass slide and a lower glass slide which are adhered up and down, blind holes and grooves communicated with the blind holes are arranged on the surfaces of the upper glass slide and the lower glass slide which are arranged in opposite directions, and the two blind holes are jointed to form a diffusion space for diffusing the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into crude oil; the two grooves are combined to form a fluid channel; two ends of the fluid channel are respectively connected with a first liquid inlet pipe and a first liquid outlet pipe; the first liquid discharge pipe is provided with a pressure regulating valve for regulating the back pressure of the visual microscopic model to the experimental back pressure; the first liquid inlet pipe is provided with a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion when the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion diffuses into the crude oil; the emulsion injection device and the crude oil injection device are both communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe and are respectively used for injecting the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and the crude oil into the fluid channel; the temperature control device is arranged around the visual microscopic model and used for adjusting the temperature of the visual microscopic model to the experimental temperature; the confining pressure control device is arranged outside the visual microscopic model in a surrounding mode and used for adjusting the temperature of the visual microscopic model to the experimental confining pressure.
Further, the confining pressure control device comprises upper pressure-resistant glass and lower pressure-resistant glass, wherein the upper pressure-resistant glass is arranged above the upper glass sheet and forms an upper cavity for containing pressure liquid together with the upper glass sheet; the lower pressure-resistant glass is arranged below the lower glass slide and forms a lower cavity for containing pressure liquid with the lower glass slide.
Further, the cross sections of the upper glass slide and the lower glass slide are square; an upper sealing element is arranged between the upper glass sheet and the upper pressure-resistant glass; the cross section of the upper sealing piece is circular, the inner diameter of the lower surface of the upper sealing piece is not more than the side length of the upper glass slide, and the outer diameter of the lower surface of the upper sealing piece is not less than the diagonal of the upper glass slide; the lower surface of the upper sealing piece is adhered to the upper surface of the upper glass slide; the part of the lower surface of the upper sealing piece, which is not adhered to the upper surface of the upper glass slide, extends downwards to form a boss, and the height of the boss is the same as the thickness of the upper glass slide; a lower sealing element is arranged between the lower glass sheet and the lower pressure-resistant glass; the cross section of the lower sealing piece is circular, the inner diameter of the upper surface of the lower sealing piece is not more than the side length of the upper glass slide, and the outer diameter of the lower sealing piece is not less than the diagonal of the upper glass slide; the upper surface of the lower sealing piece is adhered to the lower surface of the lower glass slide; the part of the upper surface of the lower sealing element, which is not adhered to the lower surface of the lower glass slide, is adhered to the boss; a first groove is formed in the inner side wall of the upper sealing element, and the edge of the upper pressure-resistant glass is clamped in the first groove; the inner side wall of the lower sealing element is provided with a second groove, and the edge of the lower pressure-resistant glass is clamped in the second groove.
Furthermore, the confining pressure control device also comprises an upper supporting ring fixedly arranged above the upper sealing element and a lower supporting ring fixedly arranged below the lower sealing element.
Further, the openings at the two ends of the fluid channel are arranged on the lower glass sheet, a sealing ring is arranged between the opening and the lower sealing element, and the end part of the first liquid inlet pipe and the end part of the first liquid discharge pipe respectively penetrate through the openings at the two ends of the sealing ring and the fluid channel.
Furthermore, confining pressure controlling means still includes two second feed liquor pipes, two second feed liquor pipes respectively with last cavity and cavity intercommunication down, each all be equipped with hand pump on the second feed liquor pipe for respectively to go up the cavity and inject pressure liquid in the cavity down.
Further, the emulsion injection device comprises a first intermediate container for containing a surfactant, a carbon dioxide cylinder for containing carbon dioxide, and an emulsion generator, wherein: one end of the first intermediate container is connected with the constant-current pump, and the other end of the first intermediate container is communicated with the emulsion generator; the carbon dioxide gas cylinder is communicated with the emulsion generator, and a booster pump is arranged between the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the emulsion generator; the emulsion generator is communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe.
Furthermore, the crude oil injection device comprises a second intermediate container for containing crude oil, one end of the second intermediate container is connected with the advection pump, and the other end of the second intermediate container is communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe.
Furthermore, the device also comprises an image acquisition device for acquiring the diffusion process of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into the crude oil.
Further, still include vapour and liquid separator, drainage gas-collecting device and waste liquid recovery unit, wherein: the gas-liquid separator is connected with the fluid channel through a first liquid discharge pipe, and the drainage and gas collection device and the waste liquid recovery device are both connected with the gas-liquid separator.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil, which is carried out by adopting the system and comprises the following steps:
(1) opening a pressure regulating valve, a confining pressure control device and a temperature control device, and respectively regulating the back pressure, the confining pressure and the temperature of the visual microscopic model to the experiment back pressure, the experiment confining pressure and the experiment temperature;
(2) opening an emulsion injection device, injecting supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into the visual micro model until the diffusion space and the fluid channel are filled with the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion, and closing the emulsion injection device;
(3) opening a crude oil injection device, injecting crude oil into the visual microscopic model until the fluid channel is filled with crude oil, and closing the crude oil injection device and the pressure regulating valve;
(4) and determining the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil according to the pressure change of the pressure gauge at different moments and the distribution conditions of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and the crude oil in the diffusion space.
The experimental back pressure, the experimental confining pressure and the experimental temperature are not particularly limited and can be reasonably set according to the actually required simulated stratum environment and the like. In the specific implementation process of the invention, the experiment confining pressure is generally adjusted to be higher than the experiment back pressure by 0.1-0.5 MPa, so as to be beneficial to the injection of crude oil and supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion.
Under general conditions, adjust the experiment confined pressure of adjusting visual microscopic model top usually and slightly be higher than the experiment confined pressure of below, for example, exceed 0.1 ~ 0.5MPa, generally exceed 0.1 ~ 0.2MPa, not only can guarantee the stability of entire system structure like this, make whole experiment can accomplish smoothly, but also do not influence the accuracy of experimental result.
Further, the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil at different back pressures and temperatures can be determined by changing the experimental back pressure and the experimental temperature in the step (1). Namely, the steps (1) to (4) can be repeatedly executed for a plurality of times, and the experimental back pressure and the experimental temperature in each step (1) are not completely the same, so that the relation between the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil and the back pressure and the temperature is determined.
Of course, the steps (1) to (4) can also be repeatedly executed for a plurality of times, and the parameters of each step are the same, so that the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil can be determined according to the average value of the results of the repeated experiments for a plurality of times, and the accuracy and the reliability of the experiment results can be ensured.
In the invention, the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil is determined according to the Fick first law:
wherein J is the diffusion flux, kg/(m)2S); d is the diffusion coefficient, m2S; c is the concentration of the diffusing substance in atomic number/m3Or kg/m3；
Is the concentration gradient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil; the minus sign indicates that the diffusion direction is the opposite direction of the concentration gradient, i.e., the diffusion component diffuses from the high concentration region to the low concentration region.
By recording the change in system pressure over a period of time and the supercritical CO within the laser etched slide at that time2The distribution of the emulsion and the crude oil can obtain the diffusion flux J and the volume concentration change of the diffusion substance
Etc. the supercritical CO under the temperature and pressure condition can be obtained by the formula 12Diffusion coefficient of emulsion in crude oilD。
The system for measuring the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil provided by the invention can be used for simulating and realizing supercritical CO2The process of contacting and diffusing the emulsion with crude oil under the condition of microscopic pore throat can determine the supercritical CO according to the pressure and volume change in the diffusion process2The diffusion coefficient of the emulsion in crude oil provides reference for researching a carbon dioxide flooding principle to improve the recovery ratio of the crude oil and realize long-term geological sequestration of the carbon dioxide.
The method for determining the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil provided by the invention analyzes the supercritical CO by comparison2Calculating the pressure and volume change of the emulsion after contacting with crude oil under the condition of microscopic pore throat to obtain supercritical CO2The diffusion coefficient of the emulsion in the crude oil can be determined by changing the experimental pressure and the experimental temperature, and the influence of the pressure and the temperature on the diffusion coefficient can be determined, so that good data support is provided for analyzing the carbon dioxide flooding principle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for determining a diffusion coefficient of a supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a microscopic visualization device and a confining pressure control device according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a microscopic visualization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-visualization of the microscopic model; 11-glass slide loading;
12-lower the slide; 13-blind hole;
14-a trench; 15-a first liquid inlet pipe;
16-a first drain pipe; 17-a pressure regulating valve;
18-a pressure gauge; 19-a six-way valve;
21-a first intermediate container; 22-a carbon dioxide cylinder;
23-an emulsion generator; 24-a first advection pump;
25-a booster pump; 31-a second intermediate container;
32-a second advection pump; 41-annular heating temperature control cover;
42-temperature control equipment; 5-confining pressure control device;
51-upper pressure-resistant glass; 52-lower pressure-resistant glass;
53-upper seal; 54-a lower seal;
541-a sealing ring; 55-upper bearing ring;
56-lower bearing ring; 57-bolt;
58-a second liquid inlet pipe; 581-hand pump;
59-a second drain; 61-microscopic camera equipment;
62-a display device; 63-a lighting device;
7-gas-liquid separator; 8-a drainage gas-collecting device;
9-a waste liquid recovery device; 91-weighing balance.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
Example one
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for determining a diffusion coefficient of a supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a microscopic visualization device and a confining pressure control device according to an embodiment of the invention; fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a microscopic visualization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the system for determining the diffusion coefficient of a supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil according to the present embodiment includes a visualization micro model 1, an emulsion injection device (not shown), a crude oil injection device (not shown), a temperature control device 4, and a confining pressure control device 5, wherein:
the visual microscopic model 1 comprises an upper glass slide 11 and a lower glass slide 12 which are adhered up and down, blind holes 13 and grooves 14 communicated with the blind holes 13 are arranged on the surfaces of the upper glass slide 11 and the lower glass slide 12 which are arranged oppositely, and the two blind holes 13 are combined to form a diffusion space (not shown) for diffusing the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into crude oil; the two grooves 14 are aligned to form a fluid channel (not shown);
two ends of the fluid channel are respectively connected with a first liquid inlet pipe 15 and a first liquid outlet pipe 16; the first liquid discharge pipe 16 is provided with a pressure regulating valve 17 for regulating the back pressure of the visual micro model 1 to the experimental back pressure; the first liquid inlet pipe 17 is provided with a pressure gauge 18 for measuring the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion when diffusing into the crude oil;
the emulsion injection device is communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe 15 and is used for injecting the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into the fluid channel;
the crude oil injection device is communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe 15 and is used for injecting crude oil into the fluid channel;
the temperature control device 4 is arranged around the visual microscopic model 1 and used for adjusting the temperature of the visual microscopic model 1 to the experimental temperature;
the confining pressure control device 5 is arranged outside the visual microscopic model 1 in a surrounding mode and used for adjusting the temperature of the visual microscopic model 1 to the experimental confining pressure.
In the field of oil production engineering, the visual micro-model 1 may also be referred to as a visual micro-physical model. In this embodiment, the simulation of the diffusion process of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into the crude oil is realized in the visual microscopic model 1, the control of the temperature and the pressure in the whole diffusion process and the visualization and quantifiability of the whole diffusion process are realized through the whole system, and thus the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into the crude oil can be determined.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in the implementation process of this embodiment, the visual micro-model 1 may be formed by processing two glass slides, for example, by means of laser etching (laser ablation) or hydrofluoric acid etching, a blind hole 13 and a groove 14 communicating with an opening of the blind hole 13 are etched on one surface of the glass slide, and positions and shapes of the blind hole 13 and the groove 14 on the two glass slides respectively correspond to each other, and then the surfaces of the two glass slides provided with the blind hole 13 and the groove 14 are oppositely disposed, and the peripheries of the two glass slides are bonded by glue, so as to obtain the visual micro-model.
In the present invention, the upper slide 11 and the lower slide 12 refer to slides located above and below, respectively, unless otherwise specified. The lower surface of the upper glass sheet 11 and the upper surface of the lower glass sheet 12 are arranged in an adhesion mode, so that the blind holes 13 on the lower surface of the upper glass sheet 11 and the blind holes 13 on the upper surface of the lower glass sheet 12 are combined to form a diffusion space, and the grooves 14 are combined to form a fluid channel.
It will be appreciated that the two slides are preferably identical in shape and size, for example being square glass plates each having a side length of 10 cm. The blind hole 13 can be specifically positioned at the central position of the surface of the glass slide, and the size of the blind hole can be set according to experimental requirements, and is generally millimeter-sized so as to achieve the microscopic pore throat condition; the grooves 14 may be arranged in particular along a diagonal of the slide surface, the width and depth of the grooves 14 also being in millimetres.
The confining pressure control device 5 is used for controlling the confining pressure in the visual micro model 1, namely the confining pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the process of diffusing to the crude oil. With further reference to fig. 1 to 3, the confining pressure control device 5 may specifically include an upper pressure-resistant glass 51 and a lower pressure-resistant glass 52, wherein the upper pressure-resistant glass 51 is disposed above the upper glass sheet 11 and forms an upper cavity with the upper glass sheet 11 for containing a pressure liquid; the lower pressure-resistant glass 52 is disposed below the lower slide 12, and forms a lower cavity with the lower slide 12 for containing a pressure liquid.
It will be appreciated that both the upper pressure-resistant glass 51 and the lower pressure-resistant glass 52 should be able to withstand a certain pressure and preferably have good transparency so as to facilitate the observation of the injection process and the diffusion process of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and the crude oil in the visual micro-model 1.
In this embodiment, the upper pressure-resistant glass 51 and the lower pressure-resistant glass 52 are both made of sapphire glass, and have the characteristics of good light transmittance and good pressure resistance.
The present embodiment is not particularly limited as to how to form the upper cavity and the lower cavity, and the above cavity is taken as an example, for example, a gasket (not shown) may be disposed at the edge between the upper pressure-resistant glass 51 and the upper glass sheet 11, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the gasket are respectively bonded to the lower surface of the upper pressure-resistant glass 51 and the upper surface of the upper glass sheet 11, so as to form the upper cavity; the lower cavity is formed in a similar manner and will not be described in detail.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the cross section of the upper slide 11 and the lower slide 12 is square;
an upper sealing member 53 is fixedly arranged between the upper glass slide 11 and the upper pressure-resistant glass 51; the cross section of the upper sealing piece 53 is circular, the inner diameter of the lower surface of the upper sealing piece 53 is not more than the side length of the upper glass slide 11, and the outer diameter is not less than the diagonal of the upper glass slide 11; the lower surface of the upper sealing member 53 is arranged to adhere to the upper surface of the upper slide 11; the part of the lower surface of the upper sealing member 53 which is not adhered to the upper surface of the upper slide 11 extends downward to form a boss, and the height of the boss is the same as the thickness of the upper slide 11;
a lower sealing member 54 is fixedly arranged between the lower slide glass 12 and the lower pressure-resistant glass 52; the cross section of the lower sealing piece 54 is circular, the inner diameter of the upper surface of the lower sealing piece 54 is not more than the side length of the lower glass slide, and the outer diameter is not less than the diagonal of the lower glass slide 12; the upper surface of the lower sealing member 54 is arranged to adhere to the lower surface of the lower slide 12; the portion of the upper surface of the lower seal 54 that is not bonded to the lower surface of the lower slide 12 is disposed bonded to the boss;
a first groove (not shown) is arranged on the inner side wall of the upper sealing piece 53, and the edge of the upper pressure-resistant glass 51 is clamped in the first groove;
a second groove (not shown) is provided on the inner side wall of the lower seal 54, and the edge of the lower pressure-resistant glass 52 is engaged in the second groove.
Through the structural arrangement of the confining pressure control device 5, an upper cavity with a firm structure is formed between the upper glass sheet 11 and the upper pressure-resistant glass 51, a lower cavity with a firm structure is formed between the lower glass sheet 12 and the lower pressure-resistant glass 52, and the purpose of regulating confining pressure in the visual microscopic model 1 is achieved by respectively injecting pressure liquid into the upper cavity and the lower cavity.
Further, a certain amount of glue can be smeared in the first groove, so that the edge of the upper pressure-resistant glass 51 can be fixed in the first groove; or a clamping piece with a U-shaped or L-shaped longitudinal section may be arranged in the first groove, and the upper pressure-resistant glass 51 may be fixed by the clamping piece.
Correspondingly, glue can be smeared in the second groove to fix the edge of the lower pressure-resistant glass 52 in the second groove; or a clamping piece with a U-shaped or L-shaped longitudinal section may be arranged in the second groove, and the lower pressure-resistant glass 52 may be fixed by the clamping piece.
Specifically, the upper sealing member 53 may specifically include an upper connecting member and an upper sealing gasket which are fixedly connected, wherein the first groove is formed on an inner side wall of the upper connecting member, and the boss is formed on a lower surface of the upper sealing gasket. Wherein, go up connecting piece and last sealed pad and all can be the metal material, guarantee overall structure's stability and do benefit to processing.
Similarly, the lower sealing member 54 may also include a lower connecting member and a lower sealing gasket fixedly connected to each other, wherein the second groove is formed on the inner sidewall of the lower connecting member, and the upper surface of the lower sealing gasket is adhered to the boss.
With further reference to fig. 2, the confining pressure control device may further include an upper retainer ring 55 secured above the upper seal member 53 and a lower retainer ring 56 secured below the lower seal member 54.
The upper and lower support rings 55 and 56 can be fixedly connected to the upper and lower sealing members 53 and 54 by bolts 58, respectively, in order to ensure the structural integrity of the confining pressure control device 5. Specifically, above the visual microscopic model 1, the bolt 57 sequentially passes through the upper bearing ring 55 and the upper connecting piece and then enters the upper sealing gasket to realize fixation; under the visual microscopic model 1, the bolt 57 sequentially passes through the lower bearing ring 56 and the lower connecting piece and then enters the lower sealing gasket.
The upper and lower support rings 55, 56 may be made of metal, are shaped as circular ring-shaped sheets, and have an inner diameter that does not affect the observation of the diffusion process in the upper and lower cavities and the visual microscopic model 1.
With further reference to fig. 2, openings at both ends of the fluid channel may be disposed on the lower glass sheet 12, and when the visual microscopic model 1 is processed, a through hole may be respectively formed at both ends of the groove 14 on the surface of the lower glass sheet 12, and the diameter of the through hole may be 2mm to 3 mm. A sealing ring 541 is respectively arranged between each opening and the lower sealing element 54, the inner diameter of the sealing ring 541 is the same as the size of the through hole, the end of the first liquid inlet pipe 15 passes through the sealing ring 541 to be communicated with one opening, and the end of the first liquid outlet pipe 16 passes through the other sealing ring 541 to be communicated with the other opening.
The arrangement of the two sealing rings 541 can prevent leakage and avoid polluting pressure liquid in the cavity when supercritical carbon dioxide fluid and crude oil are injected into the visual micro model 1 and the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid and crude oil are discharged from the visual micro model 1.
As described above, the upper cavity and the lower cavity are used for containing pressure liquid to adjust the experiment confining pressure. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the confining pressure control device 5 may further include two second liquid inlet pipes 58, wherein one of the second liquid inlet pipes 58 is communicated with the upper cavity, and the other second liquid inlet pipe 58 is communicated with the lower cavity, so that the pressure liquid enters the upper cavity and the lower cavity through the second liquid inlet pipes 58, respectively.
Specifically, the second liquid inlet pipe 58 can be communicated with the upper cavity and the lower cavity after passing through the upper sealing member 53 and the lower sealing member 54.
With further reference to fig. 1 and 2, a hand pump 581 may also be provided on each inlet tube 58. The hand pump 581 is an oil pump powered by hand, and injects and sucks pressure liquid into the upper cavity and the lower cavity respectively through volume change formed by the movement of a piston or a scraper in a pump shell so as to adjust the experiment confining pressure.
Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 2, the confining pressure control device 5 may further include two second liquid discharge pipes 59, wherein one second liquid discharge pipe 59 is communicated with the upper cavity, and the other second liquid discharge pipe 59 is communicated with the lower cavity. Thus, when the pressure fluid is injected, the air and the excess pressure fluid in the upper and lower cavities can be discharged through the second drain pipe 59.
Specifically, the second drain pipe 59 may be connected to the upper and lower cavities after passing through the upper and lower sealing members 53 and 54, respectively.
With further reference to fig. 1, the emulsion injection device may particularly comprise a first intermediate container 21 for containing a surfactant, a carbon dioxide cylinder 22 for containing carbon dioxide and an emulsion generator 23, wherein:
one end of the first intermediate container 21 is connected with the first flat-flow pump 24, and the other end is communicated with the emulsion generator 23;
the carbon dioxide gas cylinder 22 is communicated with the emulsion generator 23, and a booster pump 25 is also arranged between the carbon dioxide gas cylinder 22 and the emulsion generator 23;
the emulsion generator 23 is in communication with the first feed line 15.
Specifically, a piston (not shown) is arranged inside the first intermediate container 21, a first smoothing pump 24 is connected to the outside, the first smoothing pump 24 pushes the piston to move, so as to inject the surfactant in the first intermediate container 21 into the emulsion generator 23, and the first smoothing pump 24 (or referred to as a plunger pump) can also control the flow rate of the surfactant.
The carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide gas cylinder 22 is injected into the emulsion generator 23 by the booster pump 25, mixed with the surfactant and reacted to generate the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, and the booster pump 25 may also control the flow rate of the carbon dioxide.
The crude oil injection device is used to inject crude oil into the visual micro-model 1. As shown in fig. 1, the crude oil injection apparatus may include a second intermediate container 31 for containing crude oil, one end of the second intermediate container 31 being connected to the second flat flow pump 32, and the other end being communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe 15.
Specifically, a piston (not shown) is disposed inside the second intermediate container 31, a second advection pump 32 is connected to the outside, the second advection pump 32 pushes the piston to move, the crude oil in the second intermediate container 31 is injected into the visual micro-model 1 through the first liquid inlet pipe 15, and the flow rate of the crude oil can be adjusted by the second advection pump 32.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a six-way valve 19 may be further disposed on the first liquid inlet pipe 15 between the emulsion generator 23 and the visualized micro model 1, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and the crude oil are injected into the fluid channel or even the diffusion space in the visualized micro model 1 through the six-way valve 19.
Specifically, the pressure gauge 18 disposed on the first liquid inlet pipe 15 may be disposed at the six-way valve 19, and specifically, a high-precision electronic pressure gauge may be used, the measuring range of which is 50MPa, and the measuring precision of which is 0.001 MPa.
The temperature control device is used for controlling the temperature in the visual micro-model 1, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the temperature control device may specifically include a ring-shaped heating temperature control cover 41 and a temperature control device 42 for controlling the temperature of the ring-shaped heating temperature control cover 41.
This annular heating control by temperature change cover 41 encloses to be established in visual microscopic model 1 outside, specifically can be formed by the butt joint of two semi-annular heating control by temperature change covers, wherein is equipped with the aperture on the lateral wall of semi-annular control by temperature change cover, perhaps is equipped with the gap between two semi-annular heating control by temperature change covers to make things convenient for the passing through of pipelines such as first feed liquor pipe 15 and first drain pipe 16.
With further reference to fig. 1, the system provided in this embodiment may further include an image capturing device (not shown) for capturing images and videos of the diffusion process of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into the crude oil.
Specifically, the image acquisition device can include microscopic camera equipment 61 and display device 62 connected with microscopic camera equipment 61, through this display device 62, can show the image and the video that microscopic camera equipment 61 gathered clearly, is favorable to the overall process of direct-viewing observation supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion to the diffusion in the crude oil, also is favorable to measuring the distribution condition of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and crude oil in the diffusion process.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, an illumination device 63 may be further installed to provide a light source for the micro-camera device 61 to ensure the sharpness of the image and the video.
With further reference to fig. 1, the system provided in this embodiment further includes a gas-liquid separator 7, a drainage gas-collecting device 8, and a waste liquid recovery device 9, wherein: the gas-liquid separator 7 is connected with the fluid channel through a first drain pipe 16, and the drainage and gas collection device 8 and the waste liquid recovery device 9 are both connected with the gas-liquid separator 7.
Thus, the fluid discharged from the visual microscopic model 1, such as the mixture of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and crude oil, can be discharged through the first liquid discharge pipe 16, gas-liquid separation is realized in the gas-liquid separator 7, the gas part is collected and metered by the liquid discharge gas collecting device 8, the liquid part is collected by the waste liquid recovery device 9, and a weighing balance 91 can be arranged below the waste liquid recovery device 9 to weigh the liquid part.
The system for determining the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil provided by the embodiment can be used for simulating the realization of supercritical CO2The process of contacting and diffusing the emulsion with crude oil under the condition of microscopic pore throat can determine the supercritical CO according to the pressure and volume change in the diffusion process2The diffusion coefficient of the emulsion in crude oil provides reference for researching a carbon dioxide flooding principle to improve the recovery ratio of the crude oil and realize long-term geological sequestration of the carbon dioxide.
Example two
The embodiment provides a method for determining diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil, which is carried out by using the system in the first embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
(1) opening a pressure regulating valve 17, a confining pressure control device and a temperature control device, and respectively regulating the back pressure, the confining pressure and the temperature of the visual micro model 1 to the experiment back pressure, the experiment confining pressure and the experiment temperature;
(2) opening an emulsion injection device, injecting supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into the visual micro model 1 until the diffusion space and the fluid channel are filled with the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion, and closing the emulsion injection device;
(3) opening a crude oil injection device, injecting crude oil into the visual microscopic model 1 until the fluid channel is filled with the crude oil, and closing the crude oil injection device and the pressure regulating valve 17;
(4) and determining the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil according to the pressure change of the pressure gauge 18 at different moments and the distribution conditions of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and the crude oil in the diffusion space.
Specifically, in step (1), the hand pump 581 may be turned on to inject a pressure fluid, such as water or an aqueous solution, into the upper cavity and the lower cavity through the second liquid inlet pipe. The air and excess pressurized fluid in the upper and lower cavities is vented through a second drain 59.
When the confining pressure of the visual micro model 1 reaches the experimental confining pressure, the hand pump 581 is turned off. The pressure at the upper end of the visual microscopic model 1 is generally controlled to be 0.1-0.5 MPa higher than that at the lower end, for example, 0.1-0.2 MPa higher.
The pressure regulating valve 17 is opened, the pressure of the pressure regulating valve 17 is set to 14MPa, and the pressure of the pressure regulating valve 17 is lower than the ambient pressure by 0.1-0.5 MPa.
The ring-shaped heating temperature-controlled cover 41 and the temperature-controlled device 42 were opened, and the temperature of the ring-shaped heating temperature-controlled cover 41 was set to 80 ℃ by the temperature-controlled device 42.
In step (2), the first flat-flow pump 24 is turned on to allow the surfactant in the first intermediate container 21 to enter the emulsion generator 23 at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. At the same time, the booster pump 25 is turned on, and the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide cylinder 22 is introduced into the emulsion generator 23 at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min.
The supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion formed by mixing carbon dioxide with the surfactant in the emulsion generator 23 then passes through the six-way valve 19 into the microscopic visualization device 1 until the entire diffusion space and fluid channel are filled, and then the first flow pump 24 and the booster pump 25 are turned off.
In step (3), the second flat flow pump 32 is turned on, and the crude oil in the second intermediate container 31 is injected into the microscopic visualization apparatus 1. When the fluid channel is filled with crude oil, the second flat-flow pump 32 is turned off to stop the injection of crude oil, the pressure regulating valve 17 is turned off, and the recording of time and the pressure of the pressure gauge 18 at the six-way valve 19, the distribution of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and the crude oil is started.
And the microscopic camera device 61, the display device 62 and the lighting device 63 can be turned on, and when the fluid channel is filled with crude oil, the video of the diffusion of the critical carbon dioxide emulsion into the crude oil is recorded and displayed.
In step (4), the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil can be determined according to the following formula:
wherein J is the diffusion flux, kg/(m)2S); d is the diffusion coefficient, m2/s；
Is the concentration gradient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil.
Further, the steps (1) to (4) can be repeatedly executed, wherein the experiment back pressure and the experiment temperature in the step (1) correspond to each experiment, and then the steps (2) to (4) are continuously executed, so that the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil under different back pressure and temperature conditions can be determined.
Or, the steps (1) to (4) can be repeatedly executed twice or more, the execution sequence and conditions are kept consistent each time, and finally, the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil under a certain back pressure and temperature condition is determined according to the average value of the experimental results.
The method for determining diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil provided in this example analyzes supercritical CO by comparison2Calculating the pressure and volume change of the emulsion after contacting with crude oil under the condition of microscopic pore throat to obtain supercritical CO2The diffusion coefficient of the emulsion in the crude oil and also the pressure can be determined by varying the experimental pressure and the experimental temperatureAnd the influence of temperature on the diffusion coefficient, thereby providing good data support for analyzing the carbon dioxide flooding principle.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for determining diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil is characterized by comprising a visual micro model, an emulsion injection device, a crude oil injection device, a temperature control device and a confining pressure control device, wherein:
the visual microscopic model comprises an upper glass slide and a lower glass slide which are arranged in an up-and-down adhesion mode, blind holes and grooves communicated with the blind holes are formed in the surfaces, arranged in opposite directions, of the upper glass slide and the lower glass slide, and the two blind holes are combined to form a diffusion space for diffusion of supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into crude oil; the two grooves are combined to form a fluid channel;
two ends of the fluid channel are respectively connected with a first liquid inlet pipe and a first liquid outlet pipe; the first liquid discharge pipe is provided with a pressure regulating valve for regulating the back pressure of the visual microscopic model to the experimental back pressure; the first liquid inlet pipe is provided with a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion when the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion diffuses into the crude oil;
the emulsion injection device and the crude oil injection device are both communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe and are respectively used for injecting supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and crude oil into the fluid channel;
the temperature control device is arranged around the visual microscopic model and used for adjusting the temperature of the visual microscopic model to the experimental temperature;
and the confining pressure control device is arranged outside the visual microscopic model in a surrounding manner and is used for adjusting the temperature of the visual microscopic model to the experimental confining pressure.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the confining pressure control device comprises an upper pressure-resistant glass and a lower pressure-resistant glass,
the upper pressure-resistant glass is arranged above the upper glass slide and forms an upper cavity for containing pressure liquid together with the upper glass slide;
the lower pressure-resistant glass is arranged below the lower glass slide and forms a lower cavity with the lower glass slide for containing pressure liquid.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the upper and lower slides are square in cross-section;
an upper sealing element is arranged between the upper glass sheet and the upper pressure-resistant glass; the cross section of the upper sealing piece is circular, the inner diameter of the lower surface of the upper sealing piece is not more than the side length of the upper glass slide, and the outer diameter of the lower surface of the upper sealing piece is not less than the diagonal line of the upper glass slide; the lower surface of the upper sealing piece is adhered to the upper surface of the upper glass slide; the part of the lower surface of the upper sealing piece, which is not adhered to the upper surface of the upper glass slide, extends downwards to form a boss, and the height of the boss is the same as the thickness of the upper glass slide;
a lower sealing element is arranged between the lower glass slide and the lower pressure-resistant glass; the cross section of the lower sealing piece is circular, the inner diameter of the upper surface of the lower sealing piece is not more than the side length of the lower glass slide, and the outer diameter of the upper surface of the lower sealing piece is not less than the diagonal of the lower glass slide; the upper surface of the lower sealing piece is adhered to the lower surface of the lower glass slide; the part of the upper surface of the lower sealing member, which is not adhered to the lower surface of the lower slide, is adhered to the boss;
a first groove is formed in the inner side wall of the upper sealing element, and the edge of the upper pressure-resistant glass is clamped in the first groove;
and a second groove is formed in the inner side wall of the lower sealing element, and the edge of the lower pressure-resistant glass is clamped in the second groove.
4. The system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the confining pressure control device further comprises two second liquid inlet pipes, the two second liquid inlet pipes are respectively communicated with the upper cavity and the lower cavity, and each second liquid inlet pipe is provided with a hand pump for respectively injecting pressure liquid into the upper cavity and the lower cavity.
5. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the emulsion injection means comprises a first intermediate container for containing a surfactant, a carbon dioxide cylinder for containing carbon dioxide, and an emulsion generator, wherein:
one end of the first intermediate container is connected with the first flat flow pump, and the other end of the first intermediate container is communicated with the emulsion generator;
the carbon dioxide gas cylinder is communicated with the emulsion generator, and a booster pump is arranged between the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the emulsion generator;
the emulsion generator is communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe.
6. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the crude oil injection device comprises a second intermediate vessel for receiving crude oil, which second intermediate vessel is connected with a second flat flow pump at one end and communicates with the first liquid inlet pipe at the other end.
7. The system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an image acquisition device for acquiring the diffusion process of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into the crude oil.
8. A method for determining the diffusion coefficient of a supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in crude oil, carried out using the system of any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
(1) opening a pressure regulating valve, a confining pressure control device and a temperature control device, and respectively regulating the back pressure, the confining pressure and the temperature of the visual microscopic model to the experiment back pressure, the experiment confining pressure and the experiment temperature;
(2) opening an emulsion injection device, injecting supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion into the visual micro model until the diffusion space and the fluid channel are filled with the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion, and closing the emulsion injection device;
(3) opening a crude oil injection device, injecting crude oil into the visual microscopic model until the fluid channel is filled with crude oil, and closing the crude oil injection device and the pressure regulating valve;
(4) and determining the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil according to the pressure change of the pressure gauge at different moments and the distribution conditions of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion and the crude oil in the diffusion space.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (1), the regulated experimental confining pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa higher than the experimental back pressure, and the experimental confining pressure above the visual micro model is 0.1-0.5 MPa higher than the experimental confining pressure below the visual micro model.
10. The method of claim 8 or 9, further comprising: changing the experimental back pressure and the experimental temperature in the step (1) and determining the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion in the crude oil under different back pressures and temperatures.
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