CN110686243A - Microwave vacuum pyrolysis method for combustible solid waste - Google Patents
Microwave vacuum pyrolysis method for combustible solid waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110686243A CN110686243A CN201910888389.0A CN201910888389A CN110686243A CN 110686243 A CN110686243 A CN 110686243A CN 201910888389 A CN201910888389 A CN 201910888389A CN 110686243 A CN110686243 A CN 110686243A
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- solid waste
- combustible solid
- heating
- pyrolysis method
- microwave vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste, which comprises the following steps of (1) vacuumizing the combustible solid waste; (2) heating the combustible waste after the vacuumizing treatment; (3) stopping heating; (4) and (4) ventilating to burn the pyrolyzed product, wherein the temperature is rapidly increased during burning, and the burning is basically finished when the temperature is reduced. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the combustion time is greatly shortened and the combustion is more sufficient by applying the method provided by the invention, the volume reduction and weight reduction ratio of the method is far more than 40, and the smoke quality meets the requirements specified by GB18484-2001 hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a waste treatment method, and particularly relates to a microwave vacuum pyrolysis method for combustible solid waste, which utilizes microwave (magnetron) as a heat source to pyrolyze the combustible solid waste in a vacuum state, and the combustible solid waste is incinerated in a ventilation state after being pyrolyzed completely.
Background
Pyrolysis refers to thermal degradation of materials in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient environment, and is a complex thermochemical process with staggered endothermic and exothermic reactions, and finally three-phase components such as gas, liquid, solid and the like are generated. At present, the common heating mode mainly comprises electric heating pyrolysis, the heat efficiency is low, and the equipment composition and operation are complex.
The prior various pyrolysis technologies are compared and shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of various pyrolysis techniques
| Pyrolysis mode | Quality of flue gas | Final product | Volume of the apparatus | Operation of |
| Pyrolysis of | Is higher than | Ash content | Big (a) | Complexity of |
| Fluidized bed pyrolysis | Is low in | Ash content | Is larger | Complexity of |
| Pyrolysis of slag | Is low in | Slag of molten slag | Big (a) | Complexity of |
| Rotary pyrolysis | In general | Ash content | Big (a) | Complexity of |
| Microwave pyrolysis | Height of | Ash content | Small | Simple and convenient |
Microwave pyrolysis is proposed and developed by combining microwave heating technology on the basis of the research of traditional pyrolysis. Microwave heating is also known as "bulk heating" without temperature gradients. Researchers at home and abroad apply microwave heating to the field of organic matter pyrolysis and carry out a great deal of research. Research shows that microwave pyrolysis has obvious superiority and is a good alternative to conventional pyrolysis.
However, a large amount of gas such as methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc. is generated in the pyrolysis process, and if the gas is not properly treated, deflagration occurs in the heating process, so that the safety is poor. The method is used for pyrolysis in a vacuum state, sufficient vacuum degree is ensured in the pyrolysis process, so that generated gas is rapidly discharged out of the hearth, oxygen is supplied again after the pyrolysis process is finished, the method not only can ensure the complete pyrolysis of the waste to be treated, but also can ensure that deflagration does not occur in the pyrolysis process, and pyrolysis products are completely combusted, so that an ideal volume reduction effect is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microwave vacuum pyrolysis method for combustible solid waste, which utilizes microwave as a heat source to pyrolyze the combustible solid waste in a vacuum state, and then the combustible solid waste is incinerated in a ventilation state after being pyrolyzed completely.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste comprises the following steps,
(1) vacuumizing the combustible solid waste;
(2) heating the combustible waste after the vacuumizing treatment;
(3) stopping heating;
(4) and (4) ventilating to burn the pyrolyzed product, wherein the temperature is rapidly increased during burning, and the burning is basically finished when the temperature is reduced.
The vacuum degree in the step (1) is kept at least-30 KPa.
The heating mode in the step (2) adopts microwave heating.
The heating temperature in the step (2) is 580-640 ℃.
In the step (2), the vacuum degree is kept between-30 KPa and-70 KPa all the time in the heating process.
And (3) discharging gas generated by pyrolysis in the step (2).
The heating time in the step (2) is determined according to the weight of the combustible solid waste.
In the step (3), when the temperature rises to 670-720 ℃, the vacuum pumping is stopped, and protective pressure relief is performed after the vacuum degree is reduced to 0KPa at the normal pressure, wherein the pressure relief value should also be 0 KPa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the combustion time is greatly shortened and the combustion is more sufficient by applying the method provided by the invention, the volume reduction and weight reduction ratio of the method is far more than 40, and the smoke quality meets the requirements specified by GB18484-2001 hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
A microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste comprises the following steps:
(1) and vacuumizing the combustible solid waste to reach a negative pressure state, wherein the vacuum degree is kept at least-30 KPa.
(2) Heating the combustible waste after vacuum-pumping treatment by adopting microwave heating to 580-70 KPa, wherein the vacuum degree is kept to be-30 KPa to-70 KPa all the time in the heating process, extracting gas generated by pyrolysis, and discharging the gas after purification by a flue gas purification system; the heating time varies depending on the weight of the combustible solid waste, and the reference values are: the heating time of 2 kg of pure cotton cloth is 22 min.
(3) Stopping heating, the temperature of the combustible solid waste will continue to rise, and the temperature will rise to different heights according to the different weight of the combustible solid waste, and usually will be between 670 and 720 ℃, stopping vacuum pumping, and after the vacuum degree drops to the normal pressure of 0KPa, then performing protective pressure relief, and the pressure relief value should be also 0 KPa.
(4) And (4) ventilating to burn the pyrolyzed product, wherein the temperature is rapidly increased during burning, and the burning is basically finished when the temperature is reduced.
Effects of the implementation
Tests prove that no deflagration occurs in the operation process of the method, the pressure in the hearth is stable, the reaction is well carried out, the combustion time is greatly shortened, and the combustion is more sufficient. The volume reduction and weight reduction ratio of the method is far more than 40, and the smoke quality meets the requirements specified by GB18484-2001 hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard.
Tests prove that the volume reduction and weight reduction ratio of the device is far more than 40, and the detection result of the gas effluent is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 gas effluent test results
Note: ND represents below the detection limit of the method,/represents that the emission concentration of the monitored item is less than the detection limit, so that the emission rate need not be calculated, — represents that the criteria do not limit the item.
The results of dioxin detection are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Dioxin assay results
Note: emission limit of dioxin was 0.5ng TEQ/m3The smoke quality meets the requirements specified by GB18484-2001 hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard.
Claims (8)
1. A microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
(1) vacuumizing the combustible solid waste;
(2) heating the combustible waste after the vacuumizing treatment;
(3) stopping heating;
(4) and (4) ventilating to burn the pyrolyzed product, wherein the temperature is rapidly increased during burning, and the burning is basically finished when the temperature is reduced.
2. The microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the vacuum degree in the step (1) is kept at least-30 KPa.
3. The microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the heating mode in the step (2) adopts microwave heating.
4. The microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the heating temperature in the step (2) is 580-640 ℃.
5. The microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the vacuum degree is kept between-30 KPa and-70 KPa all the time in the heating process.
6. The microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) discharging gas generated by pyrolysis in the step (2).
7. The microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the heating time in the step (2) is determined according to the weight of the combustible solid waste.
8. The microwave vacuum pyrolysis method of combustible solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), when the temperature rises to 670-720 ℃, the vacuum pumping is stopped, and protective pressure relief is performed after the vacuum degree is reduced to 0KPa at the normal pressure, wherein the pressure relief value should also be 0 KPa.
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| CN201910888389.0A CN110686243A (en) | 2019-09-19 | 2019-09-19 | Microwave vacuum pyrolysis method for combustible solid waste |
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| CN201910888389.0A CN110686243A (en) | 2019-09-19 | 2019-09-19 | Microwave vacuum pyrolysis method for combustible solid waste |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6524539B1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2003-02-25 | Helmut Katschnig | Microwave sterilization device |
| CN1528467A (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-09-15 | 周鼎力 | Method and apparatus for treating medical rejected material |
| US20140020286A1 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2014-01-23 | Services Kengtek Inc. | Catalyst for distributed batch microwave pyrolysis, system and process thereof |
| CN106838911A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-06-13 | 长沙汇聚环境技术有限公司 | A kind of domestic garbage was harmlessly treated method |
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2019
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6524539B1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2003-02-25 | Helmut Katschnig | Microwave sterilization device |
| CN1528467A (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-09-15 | 周鼎力 | Method and apparatus for treating medical rejected material |
| US20140020286A1 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2014-01-23 | Services Kengtek Inc. | Catalyst for distributed batch microwave pyrolysis, system and process thereof |
| CN106838911A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-06-13 | 长沙汇聚环境技术有限公司 | A kind of domestic garbage was harmlessly treated method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 中国环境保护产业协会: "《中国环境保护产业发展报告 2011年》", 31 December 2011 * |
| 王琪等: "《工业固体废物处理及回收利用》", 31 December 2006 * |
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Application publication date: 20200114 |