CN110685792A - Homogeneous compression ignition engine with air intake and heat exchange surrounding valve - Google Patents
Homogeneous compression ignition engine with air intake and heat exchange surrounding valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN110685792A CN110685792A CN201810786937.4A CN201810786937A CN110685792A CN 110685792 A CN110685792 A CN 110685792A CN 201810786937 A CN201810786937 A CN 201810786937A CN 110685792 A CN110685792 A CN 110685792A
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- heat exchange
- air
- intake
- exhaust
- valve
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/12—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/04—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/06—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot gases, e.g. by mixing cold and hot air
- F02M31/08—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot gases, e.g. by mixing cold and hot air the gases being exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of piston type homogeneous charge compression ignition engines. The air intake heat exchange homogeneous compression ignition engine surrounding the valve is characterized by comprising an air intake valve (4), an oil injection ignition head (5), a precombustion chamber (6), an air intake and exhaust integrated camshaft (8), an exhaust valve (9) and a heat exchange sleeve (13). The exhaust valve (9) is arranged in the middle, the intake valve (4) is arranged in a ring shape, and the intake and exhaust valves are driven by an intake and exhaust integrated camshaft (8). An annular heat exchange sleeve (13) is arranged between the exhaust valve chamber and the intake valve chamber. In the exhaust stroke, high-temperature waste gas passes through the inner side of the heat exchange sleeve (13) to heat the heat exchange sleeve. At the end of the compression stroke, external high-pressure air rushes into the outer side of the heat exchange sleeve (13), is heated and expanded by the heat exchange sleeve, and is sprayed to the cylinder through a nozzle of a heat exchange chamber communicated with the cylinder through the outer side, so that air-fuel mixed gas in the cylinder is subjected to compression ignition. The oil injection ignition head (5) can perform auxiliary oil injection ignition.
Description
The invention relates to the technical field of piston type homogeneous charge compression ignition engines.
The piston engine is a high pressure common rail supercharged diesel engine and a direct injection gasoline engine. The high-pressure common rail technology is widely adopted by engine factories due to good oil spraying and atomizing performance and accurate oil spraying time. However, in the existing diesel engine, at the moment that the atomized diesel oil gas is injected into the cylinder, the diesel fuel is detonated by high-pressure and high-temperature gas in the cylinder, the diesel fuel is combusted at the moment under the condition that the atomized diesel oil and air are not completely and homogeneously mixed, the detonation belongs to diffusion combustion which is not homogeneous, the combustion is incomplete, soot is easy to generate, the duration from the beginning of combustion to the end of combustion is long, the energy release speed is slow, and the thermal efficiency is low. Although the direct injection gasoline engine realizes the full mixing of fuel and air and then combustion, the direct injection gasoline engine needs ignition by a spark plug, belongs to flame propagation combustion and cannot carry out compression ignition at a timing moment; flame propagation combustion needs to control the air-fuel ratio, so that lean combustion cannot be achieved; the flame propagation combustion heat energy release speed is slow, the low-speed large torque characteristic is poor, and the high-speed fuel utilization rate is poor. It appears that if diesel engines and gasoline engines can solve the problem of compression ignition after fuel and air are fully mixed, the engines have great development potential. At present, engine research and development mechanisms are also working on developing a homogeneous charge compression ignition technology, but the problem that the compression ignition time is accurately controlled at the timing moment after the homogeneous charge is always solved cannot be solved. If the engine is enabled to be at the tail end of a compression stroke by setting a compression ratio and adjusting a supercharging pressure, after the air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber is homogenized, when the pressure and the temperature in the combustion chamber are lower than the critical value of fuel combustion, the gas with higher temperature and pressure outside is utilized to be rapidly charged into the combustion chamber, so that the pressure and the temperature in the combustion chamber rapidly reach the pressure and the temperature required by the combustion of the air-fuel mixture, the air-fuel mixture is rapidly compressed and ignited simultaneously, and the purpose of controlling the ignition time of the engine is achieved. Therefore, the combustion and heat release speed of the air-fuel mixture is high, the fuel is completely combusted, the combustion is carried out under low-temperature lean combustion, the heat efficiency of the engine is high, the fuel utilization rate is high, the low-speed torque characteristic is good, and the emission is good.
The invention aims to provide an engine technology which has the compression ignition characteristic of a high-pressure common-rail supercharged diesel engine and the air-fuel mixture homogeneity characteristic of a direct injection gasoline engine, utilizes high-temperature high-pressure gas to be injected into a combustion chamber at the moment when the engine is close to the ignition timing after the air-fuel mixture is homogenized, and quickly improves the pressure and the temperature in the combustion chamber to control the compression ignition timing after the homogenization.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized by arranging the exhaust valve in the middle, arranging the intake valve around the exhaust valve in an annular manner and arranging an annular heat exchange sleeve in the exhaust valve chamber on the basis of the gasoline engine. In the exhaust stroke, high-temperature waste gas passes through the inner side of the heat exchange sleeve to heat the heat exchange sleeve. Intake stroke, in which fresh air and fuel are admitted. At the end of the compression stroke, the temperature and the pressure of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder rise along with the rise of the temperature and the pressure, the externally-added high-pressure air is flushed into the outer side of the heat exchange sleeve, the heat exchange sleeve heated in the exhaust stroke heats the high-pressure air entering the outer side of the heat exchange sleeve, the heated high-temperature high-pressure air is sprayed to the cylinder through a nozzle of a heat exchange chamber communicated with the cylinder and arranged on the outer side of the heat exchange sleeve, the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder is subjected to compression ignition, and the. Therefore, the problem that the compression ignition time of the homogeneous charge compression ignition engine is not easy to control is solved.
The engine of the invention is characterized in that the intake valve is annularly arranged by taking the exhaust valve as a center.
The periphery of the exhaust valve chamber is surrounded by the heat exchange sleeve, and the heat exchange sleeve is heated when high-temperature tail gas exhausted by the engine passes through the inner side of the heat exchange sleeve.
A heat exchange chamber nozzle is arranged between the outer side of the heat exchange sleeve of the engine and the cylinder.
The high-pressure air inlet of the engine is connected with a high-pressure air inlet pipe, a high-pressure valve, a high-pressure air rail and a high-pressure pump, at the tail end of a compression stroke, the pressure and the temperature in a combustion chamber are lower than the pressure and the temperature of fuel compression ignition, the high-pressure valve is opened, high-pressure air passes through the outer side of a heat exchange sleeve, is heated and then is flushed into an air cylinder through a nozzle of the heat exchange chamber, and the air-fuel mixed gas in the.
The engine controls the pressure and the entering time of high-pressure air entering the outer side of the heat exchange sleeve by controlling the pressure of externally added compressed air and the opening time of the high-pressure valve, thereby controlling the compression ignition temperature, pressure and compression ignition time required by compression ignition of the engine so as to adjust the optimal compression ignition timing of the compression ignition engine.
Under the condition that the exhaust temperature is low and the temperature of the heat exchange sleeve is also low, fuel is sprayed into the pre-combustion chamber through the integrated oil injection ignition head, the integrated oil injection ignition head ignites when the piston reaches the position close to the top dead center at the tail end of a compression stroke, air-fuel mixture in the pre-combustion chamber is ignited, high-temperature high-pressure gas is sprayed out of the pre-combustion chamber, and the other part of air-fuel mixture in the cylinder is subjected to compression ignition.
The intake valve of the engine is annularly arranged, and the intake ports are distributed on two opposite sides, so that the intake vortex rotation speed in the cylinder can be improved, and the combustion can be facilitated.
The invention has the advantages that high-temperature tail gas is utilized to heat high-pressure air rushing into the inner side of the heat exchange sleeve through the heat exchange sleeve, the high-temperature high-pressure air rushes into the combustion chamber through the vent hole, and the air-fuel mixed gas in the combustion chamber is subjected to compression ignition. Therefore, the problem that the homogeneous charge compression ignition engine is difficult to master the timing compression ignition is solved. Therefore, the reliability of the work of the homogeneous compression ignition engine is ensured, meanwhile, the homogeneous mixed gas compression ignition improves the fuel combustion and heat release speed, the combustion temperature is low, the diffusion and propagation combustion are avoided, the combustion is complete, the discharge of oxynitride and carbon smoke is reduced, the heat efficiency is improved, the fuel utilization rate is improved, and the maximum torque of the engine can be achieved at a lower speed by improving the pressure of additional compressed air and adjusting the opening time of a high-pressure valve.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a compression and work principle diagram of a valve-surrounding air-intake heat-exchange homogeneous charge compression ignition engine
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of intake stroke of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine with air intake and heat exchange surrounding valve
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of exhaust stroke of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine with air intake and heat exchange surrounding valve
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following description of the drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the surrounding valve air intake heat exchange homogeneous compression ignition engine is composed of an exhaust cam (1), an exhaust valve pressure plate (2), an intake valve pressure plate (3), an intake valve (4), an oil injection ignition head (5), a precombustion chamber (6), an intake cam (7), an air intake and exhaust integrated cam shaft (8), an exhaust valve (9), an exhaust port (10), a high-pressure air inlet (11), an air inlet (12), a heat exchange sleeve (13) and a heat exchange chamber nozzle (14).
As shown in figure 1, the engine intake valve (4) is annularly arranged, and the intake ports (12) are distributed on two opposite sides, so that the speed of intake vortex in the cylinder is increased, and combustion is facilitated.
In the intake stroke, as shown in fig. 2, the intake and exhaust integrated camshaft (8) rotates the intake cam (7). The air inlet cam (7) presses the air inlet valve pressure plate (3) downwards and drives the annularly arranged air inlet valve (4) to move downwards, the air inlet valve (4) is opened, and air and fuel enter the air cylinder through the air inlets (12) on the two sides.
In the compression stroke, as shown in fig. 1, the intake valve (4) and the exhaust valve (9) are closed, air is pressed into the precombustion chamber (6), the fuel injection ignition head (5) injects fuel into the precombustion chamber (6), and the fuel is mixed with the entering air. At the end of the compression stroke and at the timing moment of the engine, the oil injection ignition head (5) ignites to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the precombustion chamber (6), high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas is sprayed out from the precombustion chamber (6) to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder, and the engine enters the power stroke.
As shown in fig. 3, in the exhaust stroke, the intake and exhaust integrated camshaft (8) drives the exhaust cam (1) to rotate, the exhaust cam (1) presses the exhaust valve pressure plate (2) downwards and drives the central exhaust valve (9) to move downwards, the exhaust valve (9) is opened, the combusted waste gas is discharged from the inner side of the heat exchange sleeve (13) through the exhaust port (10), and the heat exchange sleeve (13) is heated.
As shown in figure 1, at the end of a compression stroke, air-fuel mixture enters an air-fuel mixture in an air suction stroke in the cylinder at the moment, externally-added compressed air is heated through a high-pressure air inlet (11) and a heat exchange sleeve (13), high-temperature and high-pressure air is sprayed into the cylinder from a nozzle (14) of a heat exchange chamber to compress the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder, the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated through the heat exchange sleeve (13) rushes into the cylinder to compress the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder under the condition that an oil injection ignition head (5) is not ignited, and an engine enters an expansion stroke through another compression ignition mode.
Claims (7)
1. The surrounding valve intake heat exchange homogeneous compression ignition engine according to claim 1, comprising an exhaust cam (1), an exhaust valve pressure plate (2), an intake valve pressure plate (3), an intake valve (4), an oil injection ignition head (5), a precombustion chamber (6), an intake cam (7), an intake and exhaust integrated camshaft (8), an exhaust valve (9), an exhaust port (10), a high pressure intake port (11), an intake port (12), a heat exchange sleeve (13), and a heat exchange chamber nozzle (14), characterized in that:
(1) the exhaust valve (9) is arranged in the middle, the intake valve (4) is arranged annularly around the exhaust valve (9), and a heat exchange sleeve (13) is arranged in the exhaust valve chamber.
(2) The intake cam (7) and the exhaust cam (1) are arranged on an intake-exhaust integrated camshaft (8).
(3) A precombustion chamber (6) is arranged on the cylinder cover, an opening of the precombustion chamber (6) is opened to the cylinder, and an oil injection ignition head (5) is arranged in the precombustion chamber (6). The oil nozzle on the inner side of the oil injection ignition head (5) can inject oil and can also be used as a spark plug.
2. The homogeneous charge compression ignition engine with air intake and heat exchange surrounding valves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intake cam (7) is driven to rotate by the intake and exhaust integrated cam shaft (8) in the intake stroke. The air inlet cam (7) presses the air inlet valve pressure plate (3) downwards and drives the annularly arranged air inlet valve (4) to move downwards, the air inlet valve (4) is opened, and air and fuel enter the cylinder through the air inlet (11).
3. A surrounding valve charge exchange homogeneous charge compression ignition engine according to claim 1, the intake valves (4) being arranged annularly, the intake ports (12) being distributed on opposite sides, facilitating increased intake swirl rotation speed in the cylinder, facilitating combustion.
4. A surrounding valve charge exchange homogeneous compression ignition engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the compression stroke, the intake (4) and exhaust (9) valves are closed, and during the compression stroke, some air is admitted into the pre-chamber (6), and the fuel injection and ignition head (5) injects fuel into the pre-chamber (6), the fuel being mixed with the admitted air. At the end of the compression stroke and at the timing moment of the engine, the oil injection ignition head (5) ignites to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the precombustion chamber (6), high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas is sprayed out from the precombustion chamber (6) to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder, and the engine enters the power stroke.
5. The around-valve intake heat exchange homogeneous compression ignition engine according to claim 1, wherein the intake and exhaust integrated camshaft (8) drives the exhaust cam (1) to rotate, the exhaust cam (1) presses the exhaust valve pressure plate (2) downwards and drives the central exhaust valve (9) to move downwards, the exhaust valve (9) is opened, combusted exhaust gas is exhausted from the inner side of the heat exchange sleeve (13) through the exhaust port (10), and the heat exchange sleeve (13) is heated.
6. A valve-around charge heat exchange homogeneous compression ignition engine as claimed in claim 1, at the end of the compression stroke when there is an air/fuel mixture in the cylinder. The externally added compressed air is sprayed to the outer side of the heat exchange sleeve through the high-pressure air inlet (11), the externally added compressed air is heated through the heat exchange sleeve (13), the expanded high-temperature high-pressure air is sprayed into the air cylinder from a nozzle (14) of the heat exchange chamber, the air-fuel mixed gas in the air cylinder is subjected to compression ignition, namely, under the condition that the oil injection ignition head (5) is not ignited, the high-temperature high-pressure air heated through the heat exchange sleeve (13) is flushed into the air cylinder to perform compression ignition on the air-fuel mixed gas in the air cylinder, and the engine enters an acting stroke through another compression ignition.
7. The homogeneous charge compression ignition engine with air intake and heat exchange surrounding valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time for the high temperature and high pressure air heated by the heat exchange sleeve (13) to enter the cylinder can be controlled by controlling the time for injecting the high pressure air outside the heat exchange sleeve (13), thereby controlling the compression ignition time of the engine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810786937.4A CN110685792A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | Homogeneous compression ignition engine with air intake and heat exchange surrounding valve |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810786937.4A CN110685792A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | Homogeneous compression ignition engine with air intake and heat exchange surrounding valve |
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| CN110685792A true CN110685792A (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810786937.4A Pending CN110685792A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | Homogeneous compression ignition engine with air intake and heat exchange surrounding valve |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1112701A (en) * | 1954-06-09 | 1956-03-19 | Cylinder head for internal combustion engines | |
| RU2080460C1 (en) * | 1991-07-30 | 1997-05-27 | Евгений Борисович Болтуц | Method of operating of internal combustion engine |
| US6526932B1 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2003-03-04 | Mns Limited, Llc | Combination intake and exhaust valve assembly |
| CN104074663A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-01 | 马自达汽车株式会社 | Control device of spark-ignition engine |
| CN105888814A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-08-24 | 苗春才 | Gas-explosion ramjet homogeneous charge compression ignition engine |
-
2018
- 2018-07-04 CN CN201810786937.4A patent/CN110685792A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1112701A (en) * | 1954-06-09 | 1956-03-19 | Cylinder head for internal combustion engines | |
| RU2080460C1 (en) * | 1991-07-30 | 1997-05-27 | Евгений Борисович Болтуц | Method of operating of internal combustion engine |
| US6526932B1 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2003-03-04 | Mns Limited, Llc | Combination intake and exhaust valve assembly |
| CN104074663A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-01 | 马自达汽车株式会社 | Control device of spark-ignition engine |
| CN105888814A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-08-24 | 苗春才 | Gas-explosion ramjet homogeneous charge compression ignition engine |
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Effective date of registration: 20211117 Address after: 215000 North Gate Yudong Technology Co., Ltd., building 7, tengjun Industrial Park, No. 8, Jinrui Road, Taiping Street, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Suzhou Yudong Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 150000 room 2301, unit 2, No. 17, Hengda oasis, No. 99, Zhongyuan Avenue, Songbei District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Applicant before: Zhang Longzhao |
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