CN110685616B - Well repairing operation method for low-permeability water-sensitive oil well - Google Patents
Well repairing operation method for low-permeability water-sensitive oil well Download PDFInfo
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- CN110685616B CN110685616B CN201910998658.9A CN201910998658A CN110685616B CN 110685616 B CN110685616 B CN 110685616B CN 201910998658 A CN201910998658 A CN 201910998658A CN 110685616 B CN110685616 B CN 110685616B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 149
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/02—Rod or cable suspensions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/02—Rod or cable suspensions
- E21B19/06—Elevators, i.e. rod- or tube-gripping devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/01—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for anchoring the tools or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/04—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
- E21B43/127—Adaptations of walking-beam pump systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a well repairing operation method of a low-permeability water-sensitive oil well, which comprises the steps of using a lifting hook and an elevator to cooperate, and firstly dismantling the part above an oil extraction tee; lifting the polish rod, clamping the first sucker rod and then removing the polish rod; lifting the hook of the sucker rod, and removing the first sucker rod after the second sucker rod is clamped; and lifting the lifting hook of the sucker rod, clamping the third sucker rod, then removing the second sucker rod, and so on. When a blowout precursor occurs, a sucker rod hanger is screwed above a wellhead sucker rod, a sucker rod short joint is screwed above the sucker rod hanger, so that the sucker rod hanger is seated at the upper port of an oil pipe joint, and then the sucker rod short joint is removed; opening a forward washing pore passage of the sucker rod hanger, then screwing an oil pipe lifting short section on the conical hanger and lifting the oil pipe lifting short section, unsealing a forward washing channel of the anchoring oil drain, and then replacing a certain amount of well killing fluid to control well blowout so as to stabilize a well head. The method can solve the problems that the well cannot be closed in time during blowout and the oil layer is polluted by backwashing kill well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a workover tool, in particular to a workover method for a low-permeability water-sensitive oil well, and belongs to the technical field of workover tools.
Background
The horsehead of the beam-pumping unit drives the plunger of the underground oil pump to move up and down through the rope braid, the polish rod and the oil pumping rod, so that crude oil in a well is continuously pumped out of a shaft. The polished rod is connected with the sucker rod through a polished rod, the polished rod is positioned at the uppermost part of the sucker rod, and the polished rod is matched with a packing in the blowout prevention box to seal a well mouth. The sucker rod inserts in oil pipe, oil pipe is arranged in the sleeve pipe, the well head cross that is arranged above ground is installed to sheathed tube last port, the upper end of oil pipe column is connected with the oil pipe joint, the oil pipe joint connects the lower port at the toper hanger soon, the sealed upper portion inner wall that supports at the well head cross of toper hanger, the left and right both sides of well head cross are connected with the sleeve pipe gate that is linked together with the sleeve pipe annular space respectively, well head reducing flange is installed to well head cross top, the oil recovery tee bend is installed to well head reducing flange top, one side of oil recovery tee bend is connected with the oil pipe gate, prevent the top of blowout.
The oil well pump is damaged to cause pump out of work, the sucker rod breaks off, the sucker rod and the oil pipe are eccentrically worn to cause oil pipe abrasion or sucker rod abrasion, sand production in the well, scaling to cause pipe column sand blocking, scale blocking and the like, and the oil well is easy to stop production. The oil-water well with the problems and faults needs to be subjected to pump detection operation, so that the oil-water well can be recovered to normal production.
The main work content of the oil well pump inspection is to trip the sucker rod and the oil pipe. In addition, according to the development needs of oil fields, the work system needs to be changed for changing pumps or operations such as deepening or lifting the pump hanging depth, adjusting and repairing layers, plugging water and the like, and the sucker rod and the oil pipe in the well also need to be lifted out. Because the sucker rod has the pumping effect to the interior liquid of oil pipe in playing the sucker rod in-process, the phenomenon of induced spraying in the oil pipe easily takes place, plays the sucker rod simultaneously and causes the interior liquid column pressure of oil pipe to reduce, and the release of the dissolved gas in the oil pipe causes the liquid eruption easily, causes ground pollution, and serious can destroy oil well shaft structure, phagocytose well head equipment, arouse the fire incident, cause the casualties, the polluted environment, extravagant and destroy oil and gas resource, harm is very big.
In the prior art, in the process of starting the sucker rod, if oil injection at a well head or a well injection precursor exists, a polished rod is firstly put down, and then a polished rod blowout prevention box and a well head flow are installed, so that the labor intensity is high, the operation time is long, and the oil pipe internal injection cannot be quickly and effectively controlled in a short time. Even a blowout accident occurs due to time delay, resulting in more serious property personnel loss.
If the blowout is controlled by backwashing kill, the construction pressure of the backwashing well is high, the required well-flushing liquid amount is large, oil layer pollution can be caused to a low-permeability water-sensitive stratum, and the yield of crude oil is influenced. The best well killing method is to supplement a certain amount of well killing fluid into the oil pipe to control well blowout; however, due to the special one-way structure of the underground production pipe column, the underground anchoring oil drain device can be unsealed only by lifting the pipe column by about the height of one oil pipe, a positive circulation channel is opened, a certain amount of well killing fluid is supplemented into the oil pipe, and the well mouth is stabilized. In the existing operation method, after a polished rod and a blowout prevention box are installed, an oil string cannot be lifted, so that an oil drainer channel cannot be opened to realize positive circulation well killing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art, and provides a well repairing operation method for a low-permeability water-sensitive oil well, which can solve the problems that the well cannot be closed timely when the well is shut down halfway and oil overflows during the process of lifting a sucker rod in the underground operation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the well repairing operation method of the low-permeability water-sensitive oil well sequentially comprises the following steps of: after a first elevator is hung by a sucker rod lifting hook, the upper part of a polished rod is hung by the first elevator, and the part above a production tee on a wellhead production tree is dismantled; lifting the polish rod until the upper end of the first sucker rod is exposed out of the oil extraction tee joint, then clamping the polish rod below an upsetting flange of the first sucker rod by using a second elevator, and driving the second elevator to be positioned on the oil extraction tee joint under a hook of the sucker rod; the polished rod is removed, after the polished rod is moved away and placed flat, the lifting hook of the sucker rod is separated from the first elevator, and the first elevator is detached from the polished rod; after the second elevator is hung by the aid of the sucker rod lifting hook, the sucker rod lifting hook is lifted until the upper end of the second sucker rod is exposed out of the oil extraction tee joint, and then the second sucker rod is clamped below the upsetting flange of the second sucker rod by the aid of the first elevator; the lifting hook of the sucker rod descends to enable the elevator to be located on the oil extraction tee; fifthly, the first sucker rod is disassembled, the lifting hook of the sucker rod is separated from the second elevator after the first sucker rod is removed and flattened, and the second elevator is disassembled from the first sucker rod; sixthly, hanging an elevator I by using a sucker rod lifting hook, lifting the sucker rod lifting hook until the upper end of a third sucker rod is exposed out of an oil extraction tee joint, and then clamping the elevator II below an upsetting flange of the third sucker rod; the elevator II is driven to be positioned on the oil extraction tee under the lifting hook of the sucker rod; the second sucker rod is detached, the first sucker rod lifting hook is separated from the first elevator after the second sucker rod is removed and laid flat, and the first elevator is detached from the second sucker rod; and the like, the underground sucker rods are upwards pulled out one by one and are disassembled one by one.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the lifting hook of the sucker rod is used as a lifting tool, the first elevator and the second elevator are alternately clamped below the upsetting flange of the sucker rod, and the upper flange of the oil extraction tee is used for supporting the elevator, so that when the thread of the sucker rod at the top is disassembled, the sucker rod below can be supported on the oil extraction tee, and the underground sucker rod can be conveniently lifted up one by one and disassembled.
As an improvement of the invention, the method also comprises the following steps when the sucker rod is started up one by one and a blowout precursor appears at a well head: the self-lifting type sucker rod self-lifting device is characterized in that a sucker rod hanger is screwed above a wellhead sucker rod, a sucker rod short section is screwed above the sucker rod hanger, a sucker rod lifting hook is used for hanging the sucker rod short section and lifting the sucker rod short section for a certain distance, and a first elevator or a second elevator on the wellhead sucker rod is removed; the lifting hook of the sucker rod goes down, so that the sucker rod hanger is seated at the upper port of the oil pipe joint; the oil pipe joint is positioned at the top of the underground oil pipe column and is screwed at the lower port of the conical hanger, and the conical hanger is seated on the conical surface at the upper part of the four-way inner cavity of the wellhead. The sucker rod hanger is screwed on the top of the sucker rod, the short section of the sucker rod is screwed above the sucker rod hanger, so that the hook of the sucker rod can be hung conveniently, after the sucker rod hanger is arranged on the upper port of the oil pipe joint by lifting and placing the sucker rod hanger, because the central hole of the sucker rod hanger is in a closed state, the upward channel of the oil pipe is cut off, and the overflow of a well head can be reliably prevented; and the blowout prevention box is prevented from being installed at the wellhead, the workload of installing the wellhead is reduced, and the internal blowout of the oil pipe can be quickly and effectively controlled in a short time. The sucker rod hanger can move upwards along with the tubing string, so that the condition that the tubing string cannot be lifted upwards after the blowout prevention box is installed, and only backwashing well killing is caused is avoided.
As a further improvement of the invention, the method also comprises the following steps: the wellhead reducing flange above the wellhead four-way and the oil extraction three-way are removed; opening a normal washing pore channel of the sucker rod hanger, then detaching a short section of the sucker rod, and screwing an oil pipe lifting short section at the upper port of the conical hanger; after the oil pipe lifting nipple is hung by using the oil pipe elevator in the selection mode, the oil pipe lifting nipple is lifted for a certain distance, so that the conical hanger is separated from the wellhead cross joint, the underground oil pipe column moves upwards along with the conical hanger, the shear pin of the anchoring oil drain at the lower part of the underground oil pipe column is cut off, and the normal washing channel of the anchoring oil drain is unsealed; descending the oil pipe elevator to enable the conical hanger to be re-seated in the wellhead four-way, and then removing the oil pipe elevator; the method comprises the steps that after the upper end of an oil pipe lifting short joint is connected with a well washing oil pump and a high-pressure hose, a certain amount of well killing fluid is replaced, the well killing fluid passes through a forward washing pore passage of a sucker rod hanger to enter an oil pipe column, well blowout is controlled, and a well mouth is stable; and after the well-flushing oil pipe and the high-pressure hose are disassembled in the water/oil passage way, the oil pipe lifting nipple is disassembled. The upper part of the wellhead four-way joint is removed, so that a forward washing pore passage of the sucker rod hanger can be conveniently opened, and an oil pipe lifting short joint can be conveniently installed; the anchoring oil drain device is positioned at the lower part of the oil pipe column, and oil can only flow upwards along the inner cavity of the oil pipe after anchoring; according to the invention, the underground anchoring oil drain device is unsealed by lifting the oil pipe lifting short section, so that the well killing fluid can flow downwards along the inner cavity of the oil pipe column, and the normal flushing well killing is realized. And oil layer pollution of a low-permeability water-sensitive stratum caused by backwashing killing of the well is avoided.
As a further improvement of the invention, the method also comprises the following steps: ⒄ installing a wellhead reducing flange above the wellhead cross joint again, and then screwing the sucker rod short joint above the sucker rod hanger again; the sucker rod lifting hook is used for hanging the short section of the sucker rod and lifting the short section of the sucker rod, the sucker rod hanger and a sucker rod below the sucker rod hanger are lifted out of the wellhead reducing flange together, then the sucker rod hanger is clamped below the upset flange of the next sucker rod by a lifting clamp, and the sucker rod lifting hook drives the lifting clamp to be on the wellhead reducing flange; ⒆ removing the sucker rod connected with the sucker rod hanger, and then taking out all underground sucker rods and detaching one by matching the sucker rod hook with the elevator I and the elevator II; ⒇ all of the downhole tubing is tripped out and removed from one another. Reinstallate well head reducing flange and be convenient for support the elevator to in with sucker rod hanger and each section sucker rod play and dismantle, the sucker rod plays the back that finishes, plays oil pipe, carries out the maintenance or the change on ground.
As a further improvement of the invention, the sucker rod hanger comprises a hanger cylinder body, the periphery of the middle part of the hanger cylinder body is provided with a cylinder body convex ring, and the cylinder body convex ring is supported at the upper port of the oil pipe joint; a lower sealing plate is pressed on a step at the middle section of the inner cavity of the cylinder body of the suspender, a ball valve is arranged above the lower sealing plate, an upper sealing plate is arranged above the ball valve, an upper connector of the suspender is pressed above the upper sealing plate, the upper connector of the suspender is screwed on the upper port of the cylinder body of the suspender, and the lower end of the short section of the sucker rod is screwed with the upper port of the upper connector of the suspender; the outer end of the valve rod of the ball valve is positioned in the window of the hanger cylinder; the lower port of the hanger cylinder body is screwed with a hanger lower joint, and the lower part of the hanger lower joint is screwed with the top of the wellhead sucker rod. The periphery of the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate is sealed with the inner wall of the cylinder body of the suspender through the sealing ring, and the upper sealing plate, the ball valve and the lower sealing plate are tightly pressed on the step of the small-bore section through the upper joint of the suspender. The sucker rod short joint is screwed on the upper end of the sucker rod hanger, the sucker rod is screwed below the sucker rod hanger, the ball valve is initially in a closed state, and if no blowout warning sign exists, the sucker rod can be directly lifted out. If the blowout precursor occurs or the wellhead overflows, the sucker rod hanger is lowered down to enable the convex ring of the cylinder body to be rested on the upper port of the oil pipe joint, the blowout can be effectively prevented because the ball valve is in a closed state, and a blowout prevention box is not required to be installed on the wellhead; the adverse effect caused by untimely well shut-in is effectively avoided, the environment is protected, and the production cost is reduced.
As a further improvement of the invention, the middle section of the lower joint of the hanger is provided with a lower joint conical body with a large upper part and a small lower part, the outer wall of the middle section of the lower joint conical body is provided with a lower joint radial hole communicated with the central hole of the lower joint of the hanger, a lower joint lower thread section is arranged below the lower joint conical body, and the lower joint lower thread section is screwed with the top of the sucker rod. When killing is needed, the ball valve is opened, then the oil pipe lifting short section is installed, then the oil pipe lifting short section is lifted, the conical hanger and the oil pipe column below the conical hanger are enabled to go upwards for a certain distance, a shear pin of the anchoring oil drain device at the lower part of the oil pipe column is cut off, a normal washing channel of the anchoring oil drain device is unsealed, then a certain amount of killing fluid is supplemented into the oil pipe from the well mouth, the killing fluid penetrates through the ball valve and enters a central hole of a lower connector of the hanger, and due to the fact that the outer diameter of the middle section of the conical body of the lower connector is far smaller than the inner diameter of the oil pipe, the killing fluid can smoothly flow out from the radial hole of the. Compared with backwashing well killing, the positive circulation well killing needs less well killing liquid, can solve the problem of oil layer pollution caused by backwashing of the low-permeability water-sensitive stratum, can improve the yield of crude oil, and has good application value.
As a further improvement of the invention, the axis of the ball valve is deviated from the axis of the hanger cylinder, and the flow passage of the ball valve is communicated with the central hole of the hanger cylinder. Because the middle part of the ball valve is provided with the valve rod which extends outwards, the ball valve is offset, the inner cavity of the cylinder body of the suspender is convenient for accommodating the whole ball valve, the installation of the ball valve in the cylinder body of the suspender is also convenient, the upper port and the lower port of the flow passage of the ball valve are completely exposed in the central hole of the cylinder body of the suspender, and the flow passage of the ball valve is prevented from being partially blocked due to the offset of the.
As a further improvement of the invention, the pipe heads at two ends of the ball valve are light pipes, the upper pipe head of the ball valve is inserted in the through hole of the upper sealing plate, and the periphery of the upper pipe head of the ball valve is embedded with an upper sealing ring of the ball valve; the lower pipe head of the ball valve is inserted in the through hole of the lower sealing plate, and the periphery of the lower pipe head of the ball valve is embedded with a lower sealing ring of the ball valve. Two ends of the traditional ball valve are connected through external threads or internal threads, so that the traditional ball valve is inconvenient to install in an inner cavity of a cylinder of the suspender; the two ends of the ball valve are inserted in the sealing plate by adopting the light pipes, the peripheries of the light pipes are sealed by the sealing rings, the ball valve is convenient to install and position quickly, and the sealing is good.
As a further improvement of the invention, the outer end of the valve rod of the ball valve is connected with a detachable square tenon. When the ball valve is installed, the square tenon at the outer end of the valve rod is detached, so that the overall dimension of the ball valve is smaller, the ball valve is convenient to install in the suspender cylinder, the square tenon is installed at the outer end of the valve rod after the ball valve is installed in place and fixed in the inner cavity of the suspender cylinder, a wrench is convenient to rotate the valve rod from the outside, and the opening and closing of the ball valve are realized.
As a further improvement of the invention, a lower joint polished rod section is arranged at the top of the lower joint of the hanger, a hanger lower joint small sealing ring is embedded in the periphery of the lower joint polished rod section to realize sealing with the inner wall of the hanger cylinder, a lower joint upper thread section is arranged below the lower joint polished rod section, the lower joint upper thread section is screwed in a lower port of the hanger cylinder, and a reducing section is arranged above the lower joint conical body and sleeved with a lower joint large sealing ring. The upper thread section of the lower joint realizes the fixation between the lower joint of the suspender and the cylinder body of the suspender, the small sealing ring of the lower joint of the suspender realizes the sealing between the lower joint of the suspender and the inner wall of the cylinder body of the suspender, and the large sealing ring of the lower joint realizes the sealing between the lower joint of the suspender and the inner wall of the oil pipe joint, thereby preventing blowout or positive circulation liquid leakage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a workover operation method for a low-permeability water-sensitive oil well according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the sucker rod hanger of FIG. 2.
In the figure: 1. a wellhead cross joint; 2. a conical hanger; 2a, connecting an oil pipe; 2b, lifting the short section by the oil pipe; 3. a sucker rod hanger; 3a, connecting the hanger with an upper joint; 3b, a suspender cylinder; 3b1, small aperture section; 3b2. barrel convex ring; 3b3. window; 3c, an upper sealing plate; 3d, a ball valve; 3d1. ball valve upper pipe head; 3d2. valve stem; 3d3. square tenon; 3d4. ball valve lower pipe head; 3e, a lower sealing plate; 3f, a hanger lower joint; 3f1. lower joint polished rod segment; 3f2. lower joint upper thread section; 3f3. lower joint large sealing ring; 3f4. lower joint cone; 3f5. lower joint radial hole; 3f6. lower joint lower thread section; 4. a short joint of the sucker rod; 5. a sucker rod; 6. a sleeve gate.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a well repairing operation method of a low-permeability water-sensitive oil well, which sequentially comprises the following steps: after a first elevator is hung by a sucker rod lifting hook, the upper part of a polished rod is hung by the first elevator, and the part above a production tee on a wellhead production tree is dismantled; lifting the polish rod until the upper end of the first sucker rod is exposed out of the oil extraction tee joint, then clamping the polish rod below an upsetting flange of the first sucker rod by using a second elevator, and driving the second elevator to be positioned on the oil extraction tee joint under a hook of the sucker rod; the polished rod is removed, after the polished rod is moved away and placed flat, the lifting hook of the sucker rod is separated from the first elevator, and the first elevator is detached from the polished rod; after the second elevator is hung by the aid of the sucker rod lifting hook, the sucker rod lifting hook is lifted until the upper end of the second sucker rod is exposed out of the oil extraction tee joint, and then the second sucker rod is clamped below the upsetting flange of the second sucker rod by the aid of the first elevator; the lifting hook of the sucker rod descends to enable the elevator to be located on the oil extraction tee; fifthly, the first sucker rod is disassembled, the lifting hook of the sucker rod is separated from the second elevator after the first sucker rod is removed and flattened, and the second elevator is disassembled from the first sucker rod; sixthly, hanging an elevator I by using a sucker rod lifting hook, lifting the sucker rod lifting hook until the upper end of a third sucker rod is exposed out of an oil extraction tee joint, and then clamping the elevator II below an upsetting flange of the third sucker rod; the elevator II is driven to be positioned on the oil extraction tee under the lifting hook of the sucker rod; the second sucker rod is detached, the first sucker rod lifting hook is separated from the first elevator after the second sucker rod is removed and laid flat, and the first elevator is detached from the second sucker rod; and the like, the underground sucker rods are upwards pulled out one by one and are disassembled one by one.
The lifting hook of the sucker rod is used as a lifting tool, the first elevator and the second elevator are alternately clamped below the upsetting flange of the sucker rod, and the upper flange of the oil extraction tee is used for supporting the elevator, so that when the thread of the sucker rod at the top is disassembled, the sucker rod below can be supported on the oil extraction tee, and the underground sucker rod can be conveniently lifted up one by one and disassembled.
Along with the sucker rod play one by one, if the well head appears the blowout precursor, then still include the following step: the self-lifting device is characterized in that a sucker rod hanger 3 is screwed above a wellhead sucker rod 5, a sucker rod short section 4 is screwed above the sucker rod hanger 3, a sucker rod lifting hook is used for hanging the sucker rod short section 4 and lifting for a certain distance, and a first elevator or a second elevator on the wellhead sucker rod is removed; the lifting hook of the sucker rod goes down, so that the sucker rod hanger 3 is positioned at the upper port of the oil pipe joint 2 a; the oil pipe joint 2a is positioned at the top of the underground oil pipe column and is screwed at the lower port of the conical hanger 2, and the conical hanger 2 is seated on the conical surface at the upper part of the inner cavity of the wellhead four-way joint 1.
The sucker rod hanger 3 is screwed on the top of the sucker rod 5, the sucker rod short section 4 is screwed above the sucker rod hanger 3, so that a sucker rod hook is convenient to hang, and after the sucker rod hanger 3 is seated on the upper port of the oil pipe joint 2a through lifting and placing of the sucker rod hook, because the central hole of the sucker rod hanger 3 is in a closed state, an upward channel of an oil pipe is cut off, so that the occurrence of wellhead overflow can be reliably prevented; and the blowout prevention box is prevented from being installed at the wellhead, the workload of installing the wellhead is reduced, and the internal blowout of the oil pipe can be quickly and effectively controlled in a short time. The sucker rod hanger 3 can move upwards along with the tubing string, so that the condition that the tubing string cannot be lifted upwards after the blowout prevention box is installed, and only backwashing well killing is performed is avoided.
The positive flushing kill well also comprises the following steps: the wellhead reducing flange and the oil extraction tee above the wellhead four-way joint 1 are removed; opening a normal washing pore channel of the sucker rod hanger 3, and screwing an oil pipe lifting short section 2b at the upper port of the conical hanger 2; after the oil pipe lifting nipple 2b is hung by using an oil pipe elevator in the selection mode, the oil pipe lifting nipple 2b is lifted for a certain distance, so that the conical hanger 2 is separated from the wellhead cross joint 1, the underground oil pipe column moves upwards along with the conical hanger 2, the shear pin of the anchoring oil drain at the lower part of the underground oil pipe column is cut off, and the normal washing channel of the anchoring oil drain is unsealed; descending the oil pipe elevator to enable the conical hanger 2 to be re-seated in the wellhead four-way 1, and then removing the oil pipe elevator; the upper end of the oil pipe lifting short section 2b is connected with a well-flushing oil conductor and a high-pressure hose, a certain amount of well-flushing fluid is replaced, the well-flushing fluid passes through a forward-flushing pore passage of the sucker rod hanger 3 to enter the oil pipe column, well blowout is controlled, and a well mouth is stable; after the well-flushing oil pipe and the high-pressure hose are disassembled in the water/oil passage way, the oil pipe lifting nipple 2b is disassembled.
The upper part of the wellhead cross joint 1 is removed, so that the forward washing pore passage of the sucker rod hanger 3 can be conveniently opened and the oil pipe lifting short joint 2b can be conveniently installed. The anchoring oil drain device is positioned at the lower part of the oil pipe column, and oil can only flow upwards along the inner cavity of the oil pipe after anchoring; according to the invention, the underground anchoring oil drain device is unsealed through the lifting nipple 2b of the oil lifting pipe, so that the well killing fluid can flow downwards along the inner cavity of the oil pipe column, and the normal flushing well killing is realized. And oil layer pollution of a low-permeability water-sensitive stratum caused by backwashing killing of the well is avoided.
If the forward washing pore canal of the sucker rod hanger 3 is opened and is interfered by the conical hanger 2, the sucker rod short section 4 is hung by the sucker rod lifting hook and lifted, the valve opening part of the sucker rod hanger 3 is exposed above the conical hanger 2, after the forward washing pore canal of the sucker rod hanger 3 is opened, the sucker rod hanger 3 is rested on the upper port of the oil pipe joint 2a, then the sucker rod short section 4 is removed, and the oil pipe lifting short section 2b is installed. The length of the sucker rod hanger 3 can also be lengthened, so that after the sucker rod hanger 3 is seated, the valve opening part of the sucker rod hanger is still exposed above the conical hanger 2, the opening and closing of the ball valve are not influenced, and the operation is still carried out according to the original steps.
The method also comprises the following steps after the well killing by positive flushing: ⒄ installing a wellhead reducing flange above the wellhead four-way 1 again, and then screwing the sucker rod short joint 4 above the sucker rod hanger 3 again; the sucker rod lifting hook is used for hanging the sucker rod short section 4 and lifting, the sucker rod hanger 3 and a sucker rod below the sucker rod hanger are lifted out of the wellhead reducing flange together, then the sucker rod hanger is clamped below the upsetting flange of the next sucker rod by a lifting clamp, and the sucker rod lifting hook drives the lifting clamp to be on the wellhead reducing flange downwards; ⒆ unloading the sucker rod connected with the sucker rod hanger 3, and then taking out all the underground sucker rods and detaching one by adopting the cooperation of the sucker rod lifting hook with the elevator I and the elevator II; ⒇ all of the downhole tubing is tripped out and removed from one another. Reinstallate well head reducing flange and be convenient for support the elevator to in with sucker rod hanger 3 and each section sucker rod play and dismantle, the sucker rod plays the back that finishes, plays oil pipe, carries out the maintenance or the change on ground.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the left side and the right side of the wellhead cross 1 are respectively connected with a casing gate 6 communicated with the casing annulus, a conical hanger 2 is seated on the conical surface of the upper part of the inner cavity of the wellhead cross 1, the lower port of the conical hanger 2 is screwed with an oil pipe joint 2a, an oil pipe column is connected below the oil pipe joint 2a, a sucker rod hanger 3 is inserted into the oil pipe joint 2a, the sucker rod hanger 3 comprises a hanger cylinder 3b, a cylinder convex ring 3b2 is arranged on the periphery of the middle part of the hanger cylinder 3b, and the cylinder convex ring 3b2 is supported on the upper port of the oil pipe joint 2a.
A small-bore section 3b1 is arranged in the middle section of the inner cavity of the suspender cylinder 3b, a lower sealing plate 3e is pressed on a step of the small-bore section 3b1, a ball valve 3d is arranged above the lower sealing plate 3e, an upper sealing plate 3c is arranged above the ball valve 3d, an upper suspender joint 3a is pressed above the upper sealing plate 3c, the upper suspender joint 3a is screwed at the upper port of the suspender cylinder 3b, and the upper port of the upper suspender joint 3a is screwed with a sucker rod nipple 4; the outer end of the valve rod of the ball valve 3d is positioned in the window 3b3 of the hanger cylinder 3 b; the lower port of the hanger cylinder 3b is screwed with a hanger lower joint 3f, and the lower part of the hanger lower joint 3f is screwed with the top of the sucker rod 5.
The outer peripheries of the upper seal plate 3c and the lower seal plate 3e are sealed with the inner wall of the hanger cylinder 3b by a seal ring, and the upper seal plate 3c, the ball valve 3d, and the lower seal plate 3e are pressed against the step of the small-bore section 3b1 by the hanger upper joint 3a. The sucker rod short joint 4 connects in the upper end of sucker rod hanger 3 soon, and sucker rod 5 connects in the below of sucker rod hanger 3 soon, and ball valve 3d is initial in the off-state, if there is not the blowout precursor, can directly propose sucker rod 5. If a blowout precursor occurs or well mouth overflow occurs, the sucker rod suspender 3 is lowered down, the barrel convex ring 3b2 is rested at the upper port of the oil pipe joint 2a, the ball valve 3d is in a closed state, blowout can be effectively prevented, and a blowout prevention box is not required to be installed at the well mouth; the adverse effect caused by untimely well shut-in is effectively avoided, the environment is protected, and the production cost is reduced.
An oil pipe lifting short section 2b is screwed at the upper end opening of the conical hanger 2, a lower-joint conical body 3f4 with a large upper part and a small lower part is arranged at the middle section of a lower-joint 3f of the hanger, a lower-joint radial hole 3f5 is arranged on the outer wall of the middle section of the lower-joint conical body 3f4 and communicated with a lower-joint central hole of the hanger, a lower-joint lower-thread section 3f6 is arranged below the lower-joint conical body 3f4, and a lower-joint lower-thread section 3f6 is screwed with the top of the sucker rod 5.
When killing is needed, firstly, a valve rod is rotated by a wrench at a window 3b3 of a hanger cylinder body 3b to open a ball valve 3d, then an oil pipe lifting short section 2b is installed, then the oil pipe lifting short section 2b is lifted, the conical hanger 2 and an oil pipe column below the conical hanger are enabled to move upwards for a certain distance, a shear pin of an anchoring oil drain at the lower part of the oil pipe column is cut off, a normal washing channel of the anchoring oil drain is unsealed, then a certain amount of killing fluid is supplemented into the oil pipe from a well head, the killing fluid passes through the ball valve 3d and enters a central hole of a lower connector of the hanger, and as the outer diameter of the middle section of a conical body 3f4 of the lower connector is far smaller than the inner diameter of the oil pipe, the killing fluid can smoothly flow out from the radial hole 3f5. Compared with backwashing well killing, the positive circulation well killing needs less well killing liquid, can solve the problem of oil layer pollution caused by backwashing of the low-permeability water-sensitive stratum, can improve the yield of crude oil, and has good application value.
The axis of the ball valve 3d deviates from the axis of the suspender cylinder 3b, and the flow passage of the ball valve 3d is communicated with the central hole of the suspender cylinder. Because the middle part of the ball valve 3d is provided with the valve rod which extends outwards, the ball valve 3d is offset, the inner cavity of the cylinder body 3b of the suspender is convenient for accommodating the whole ball valve 3d, the installation of the ball valve 3d in the cylinder body 3b of the suspender is also convenient, the upper port and the lower port of the flow passage of the ball valve are completely exposed in the central hole of the cylinder body of the suspender, and the flow passage of the ball valve is prevented from being partially blocked due to the offset of the.
The pipe heads at two ends of the ball valve 3d are light pipes, the upper pipe head 3d1 of the ball valve is inserted in the through hole of the upper sealing plate 3c, and the periphery of the upper pipe head is embedded with an upper sealing ring of the ball valve; the lower pipe head 3d4 of the ball valve is inserted in the through hole of the lower sealing plate 3e, and the periphery of the lower pipe head is embedded with a lower sealing ring of the ball valve. Two ends of the traditional ball valve are connected through external threads or internal threads, so that the traditional ball valve is inconvenient to install in the inner cavity of the hanger cylinder 3 b; the two ends of the ball valve are inserted in the sealing plate by adopting the light pipes, the peripheries of the light pipes are sealed by the sealing rings, the ball valve is convenient to install and position quickly, and the sealing is good.
The outer end of the valve rod of the ball valve 3d is connected with a detachable square tenon 3d3. When the ball valve 3d is installed, the square tenon 3d3 at the outer end of the valve rod is removed, so that the overall dimension of the ball valve 3d is smaller, the ball valve 3d is convenient to install in the suspender cylinder 3b, after the ball valve 3d is installed in place and fixed in the inner cavity of the suspender cylinder 3b, the square tenon 3d3 is installed at the outer end of the valve rod, the valve rod is convenient to rotate by adopting a wrench from the outside, and the opening and closing of the ball valve 3d are realized.
The top of the suspender lower joint 3f is provided with a lower joint polished rod section 3f1, the periphery of the lower joint polished rod section 3f1 is embedded with a suspender lower joint small sealing ring to realize sealing with the inner wall of the suspender cylinder 3b, a lower joint upper thread section 3f2 is arranged below the lower joint polished rod section 3f1, the lower joint upper thread section 3f2 is screwed in the lower port of the suspender cylinder 3b, and a reducing section is arranged above the lower joint conical body 3f4 and sleeved with a lower joint large sealing ring 3f3. The upper thread section 3f2 of the lower joint realizes the fixation between the lower joint 3f of the suspender and the cylinder body 3b of the suspender, the small sealing ring of the lower joint of the suspender realizes the sealing between the lower joint 3f of the suspender and the inner wall of the cylinder body 3b of the suspender, and the large sealing ring 3f3 of the lower joint realizes the sealing between the lower joint 3f of the suspender and the inner wall of the oil pipe joint 2a, so that the blowout or positive circulation liquid leakage can be prevented.
The outer diameter of the lower joint large seal ring 3f3 was 63mm, the outer diameters of the hanger cylinder 3b and the hanger upper joint 3a were 61mm, and the outer diameter of the cylinder convex ring 3b2 was 63 mm. The inner diameter of the oil pipe joint 2a is 62mm, and the part below the cylinder convex ring 3b2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the oil pipe joint 2a by 62mm, so that the insertion is convenient; the 63mm barrel flange 3b2 can be seated at the upper port of the tubing connector 2a to suspend the sucker rod hanger 3 at the top of the tubing connector 2a to facilitate the lifting of the sucker rod 5 out of the tubing string. The 63mm lower joint large seal ring 3f3 can ensure the seal between the outer periphery of the hanger lower joint 3f and the inner wall of the oil pipe joint 2a, and facilitate the insertion of the hanger lower joint 3f into the oil pipe joint 2a.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Technical features of the present invention which are not described may be implemented by or using the prior art, and will not be described herein.
Claims (7)
1. A well repairing operation method of a low-permeability water-sensitive oil well is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps: after a first elevator is hung by a sucker rod lifting hook, the upper part of a polished rod is hung by the first elevator, and the part above a production tee on a wellhead production tree is dismantled; lifting the polish rod until the upper end of the first sucker rod is exposed out of the oil extraction tee joint, then clamping the polish rod below an upsetting flange of the first sucker rod by using a second elevator, and driving the second elevator to be positioned on the oil extraction tee joint under a hook of the sucker rod; the polished rod is removed, after the polished rod is moved away and placed flat, the lifting hook of the sucker rod is separated from the first elevator, and the first elevator is detached from the polished rod; after the second elevator is hung by the aid of the sucker rod lifting hook, the sucker rod lifting hook is lifted until the upper end of the second sucker rod is exposed out of the oil extraction tee joint, and then the second sucker rod is clamped below the upsetting flange of the second sucker rod by the aid of the first elevator; the lifting hook of the sucker rod descends to enable the elevator to be located on the oil extraction tee; fifthly, the first sucker rod is disassembled, the lifting hook of the sucker rod is separated from the second elevator after the first sucker rod is removed and flattened, and the second elevator is disassembled from the first sucker rod; sixthly, hanging an elevator I by using a sucker rod lifting hook, lifting the sucker rod lifting hook until the upper end of a third sucker rod is exposed out of an oil extraction tee joint, and then clamping the elevator II below an upsetting flange of the third sucker rod; the elevator II is driven to be positioned on the oil extraction tee under the lifting hook of the sucker rod; the second sucker rod is detached, the first sucker rod lifting hook is separated from the first elevator after the second sucker rod is removed and laid flat, and the first elevator is detached from the second sucker rod; and the like, the underground sucker rods are upwards pulled out one by one and are disassembled one by one; the method comprises the following steps that (1) with the fact that a sucker rod is lifted out one by one, if a well blowout precursor appears at a well mouth, a sucker rod hanger is screwed on the upper portion of a well mouth sucker rod, a sucker rod short section is screwed on the upper portion of the sucker rod hanger, a sucker rod lifting hook is used for hanging the sucker rod short section and lifting the sucker rod short section for a certain distance, and a first elevator or a second elevator on the well mouth sucker rod is removed; the lifting hook of the sucker rod goes down, so that the sucker rod hanger is seated at the upper port of the oil pipe joint; the oil pipe joint is positioned at the top of the underground oil pipe column and is screwed at the lower port of the conical hanger, and the conical hanger is seated on the conical surface at the upper part of the four-way inner cavity of the wellhead; the wellhead reducing flange above the wellhead four-way and the oil extraction three-way are removed; opening a normal washing pore channel of the sucker rod hanger, then detaching a short section of the sucker rod, and screwing an oil pipe lifting short section at the upper port of the conical hanger; after the oil pipe lifting nipple is hung by using the oil pipe elevator in the selection mode, the oil pipe lifting nipple is lifted for a certain distance, so that the conical hanger is separated from the wellhead cross joint, the underground oil pipe column moves upwards along with the conical hanger, the shear pin of the anchoring oil drain at the lower part of the underground oil pipe column is cut off, and the normal washing channel of the anchoring oil drain is unsealed; descending the oil pipe elevator to enable the conical hanger to be re-seated in the wellhead four-way, and then removing the oil pipe elevator; the method comprises the steps that after the upper end of an oil pipe lifting short joint is connected with a well washing oil pump and a high-pressure hose, a certain amount of well killing fluid is replaced, the well killing fluid passes through a forward washing pore passage of a sucker rod hanger to enter an oil pipe column, well blowout is controlled, and a well mouth is stable; after the well-flushing oil pipe and the high-pressure hose are disassembled in the water-in-oil system, the oil pipe lifting nipple is disassembled; ⒄ installing a wellhead reducing flange above the wellhead cross joint again, and then screwing the sucker rod short joint above the sucker rod hanger again; the sucker rod lifting hook is used for hanging the short section of the sucker rod and lifting the short section of the sucker rod, the sucker rod hanger and a sucker rod below the sucker rod hanger are lifted out of the wellhead reducing flange together, then the sucker rod hanger is clamped below the upset flange of the next sucker rod by a lifting clamp, and the sucker rod lifting hook drives the lifting clamp to be on the wellhead reducing flange; ⒆ removing the sucker rod connected with the sucker rod hanger, and then taking out all underground sucker rods and detaching one by matching the sucker rod hook with the elevator I and the elevator II; ⒇ all of the downhole tubing is tripped out and removed from one another.
2. The method of workover treatment of a low permeability water sensitive oil well as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sucker rod hanger comprises a hanger cylinder, a cylinder convex ring is arranged on the periphery of the middle part of the hanger cylinder, and the cylinder convex ring is supported at the upper port of the oil pipe joint; a lower sealing plate is pressed on a step at the middle section of the inner cavity of the cylinder body of the suspender, a ball valve is arranged above the lower sealing plate, an upper sealing plate is arranged above the ball valve, an upper connector of the suspender is pressed above the upper sealing plate, the upper connector of the suspender is screwed on the upper port of the cylinder body of the suspender, and the lower end of the short section of the sucker rod is screwed with the upper port of the upper connector of the suspender; the outer end of the valve rod of the ball valve is positioned in the window of the hanger cylinder; the lower port of the hanger cylinder body is screwed with a hanger lower joint, and the lower part of the hanger lower joint is screwed with the top of the wellhead sucker rod.
3. The method of workover treatment for a low permeability water sensitive oil well as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the middle section of the lower joint of the hanger is provided with a lower joint conical body with a large upper part and a small lower part, the outer wall of the middle section of the lower joint conical body is provided with a lower joint radial hole which is communicated with a central hole of the lower joint of the hanger, a lower joint lower thread section is arranged below the lower joint conical body, and the lower joint lower thread section is screwed with the top of the sucker rod.
4. The method of workover treatment for a low permeability water sensitive oil well as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the axis of the ball valve deviates from the axis of the suspender cylinder, and a flow passage of the ball valve is communicated with the central hole of the suspender cylinder.
5. The method of workover treatment for a low permeability water sensitive oil well as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the two end pipe heads of the ball valve are light pipes, the upper pipe head of the ball valve is inserted into the through hole of the upper sealing plate, and the periphery of the upper pipe head of the ball valve is embedded with an upper sealing ring of the ball valve; the lower pipe head of the ball valve is inserted in the through hole of the lower sealing plate, and the periphery of the lower pipe head of the ball valve is embedded with a lower sealing ring of the ball valve.
6. The method of workover treatment for a low permeability water sensitive oil well as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the outer end of the valve rod of the ball valve is connected with a detachable square tenon.
7. A method of workover treatment for a low permeability water sensitive oil well as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the top of suspension device lower clutch is equipped with lower clutch polished rod section, the periphery of lower clutch polished rod section is inlayed and is equipped with the little sealing washer of suspension device lower clutch and realizes sealing with the inner wall of suspension device barrel, the below of lower clutch polished rod section is equipped with screw thread section on the lower clutch, screw thread section connects soon in the lower port of suspension device barrel on the lower clutch, the top of lower clutch conical body is equipped with reducing section and cover and is equipped with the big sealing washer of lower clutch.
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| CN100338333C (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2007-09-19 | 崔时光 | Automatic service rig for oil field |
| US8544535B2 (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2013-10-01 | Cameron International Corporation | Integrated wellhead assembly |
| US9758658B2 (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2017-09-12 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Enhanced oilfield swellable elastomers and methods for making and using same |
| CN104632085B (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2017-03-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of oil well derrick lifting pole and method for improving |
| CN204552640U (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探开发研究院 | A kind of Oil/gas Well beam hanger pull-up |
| CN104963634B (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2017-06-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for tripping sucker rod |
| CN205036339U (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2016-02-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Sucker rod blowout preventer |
| AU2017344053B2 (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2023-04-06 | Kaus Borealis Pty Ltd | Rod or tube lifting apparatus |
| CN106703718A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-05-24 | 三集团有限公司湖南分公司 | Sucker rod running and pulling device and sucker rod running and pulling system |
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