CN110685612A - Horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling tool - Google Patents
Horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN110685612A CN110685612A CN201810721956.9A CN201810721956A CN110685612A CN 110685612 A CN110685612 A CN 110685612A CN 201810721956 A CN201810721956 A CN 201810721956A CN 110685612 A CN110685612 A CN 110685612A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002343 natural gas well Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
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Abstract
The invention provides a horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool which mainly comprises an upper joint, a sealing element, a roller bearing, a cylindrical elastic body and a lower joint. The upper part of an upper joint of the invention is connected with a drill collar and receives power input by the drill collar, including torque and kinetic energy; during the process of cutting rocks, the drill bit cushions and cuts the rocks through the horizontal torsional elasticity of the cylindrical elastic body; and continuously absorbing kinetic energy, then converting and storing the kinetic energy into elastic potential energy, finally intensively releasing all accumulated energy by the elastic potential energy to form impact kinetic energy, transmitting the impact kinetic energy released instantly to the lower joint, and outputting the impact kinetic energy to a drill bit by the lower joint to finish horizontal torsional elastic buffering and rock-breaking impact drilling. The invention realizes horizontal torsional elastic buffering and rock-breaking impact drilling, not only improves the drilling speed of the drilling machine, but also protects the cutting teeth of the drill bit, protects the drill bit and prolongs the service life of the drill bit. The invention has simple operation and high drilling operation efficiency, and ensures the safety of drilling operation personnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling engineering in oil and gas fields and mines such as oil wells, natural gas wells, geothermal wells, shale gas wells and the like, in particular to a horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling speed increasing technology and tool.
Background
The drilling speed-up technology is one of the important means for improving the drilling efficiency, reducing the drilling cost, obtaining greater economic benefits and realizing the maximization of the benefits. In the process of oil and gas field development, drilling engineering is a link with high investment, large risk and dense technology, the investment accounts for more than 50% of exploration and development, and practice shows that: the drilling speed is doubled and the total drilling cost can be reduced by about 25%.
The well drilling speed-up technology can better realize more economical, environment-friendly, cleaner and more efficient exploitation of underground oil and gas. In recent years, the economic and times progress, the environmental protection consciousness is enhanced, the requirements for more economic and environmental protection and cleaner and more efficient exploitation of underground oil and gas become difficult problems to be solved urgently, and the drilling speed-increasing technology not only is the development direction of the current main new drilling technology, but also is the main target of the current drilling scientific research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel horizontal torsion buffer and impact rock breaking drilling speed increasing technology and tool, which are used for solving the problems that the mechanical drilling speed in the drilling operation process is low in efficiency and the drilling speed cannot be greatly increased in the prior art, and can be repeatedly used in a well for multiple times in the drilling process.
The invention provides a horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock-breaking drilling tool, which comprises:
and (3) upper joint: the upper end of the structure is provided with a female buckle which is connected with a male buckle of a drill collar or a drill rod.
Sleeve barrel: the cylindrical elastic body is protected outside the intermediate portion, and the upper joint and the lower joint are connected. The upper end of the sleeve is mutually matched and connected with the step bulge of the upper joint through the step bulge, and the sleeve can rotate mutually. The sealing element is arranged in the upper end of the sleeve to prevent foreign matters from falling into the cylindrical elastic body from the outside. The lower end of the sleeve is internally connected with the lower joint through a screw thread.
Cylindrical elastic body: the upper end of the cylindrical elastic body is a cylindrical groove locking structure, the lower end of the upper joint is also a matched cylindrical groove locking structure, and the two groups of cylindrical groove locking structures are mutually locked in a wedged manner and are rotatably connected but not separated. The lower end of the cylindrical elastic body is of a lower slope step meshing structure, the upper end of the lower joint is also of a matched upper slope step meshing structure, the two groups of slope step meshing structures are under the action of external force in the rotating process, and when the torque generated by the external force is smaller than the rated torque value of the cylindrical spring, the two groups of slope step meshing structures are not separated from each other. After the torque and the kinetic energy input by the drill rod or the drill collar are input into the upper joint, the torque and the kinetic energy are transmitted to the lower joint through the cylindrical elastic body, and then the torque and the kinetic energy in the horizontal direction are output to the drill bit, so that the effect of elastic buffering rock cutting in the horizontal direction is achieved.
Cylindrical elastic body: in the drilling process, the buffer has the functions of buffering, prolonging the action time of cutting the rock by the cutting teeth of the drill bit and reducing the horizontal torsional impact force. When the drilling stick-slip phenomenon occurs, the cylindrical spring of the cylindrical elastic body is acted by external force, when the torque generated by the external force exceeds the maximum rated torque value of the cylindrical spring, the lower slope step meshing structure of the cylindrical elastic body and the upper slope step meshing structure of the lower joint slide up and down and are dislocated in the rotating process, the two groups of slope step meshing structures are separated from each other, and then the slope step meshing structures are reset up and down after being twisted left and right to move, and are mutually meshed, impacted and impacted. Each time the processes of mutual separation, meshing impact and impact are produced, the rebounding force of the cylindrical spring can produce an instant horizontal impact force, and the action time of the instant horizontal impact is shortened, so that the instant impact force is increased, and a great instant impact force is produced. Impact force, torque and kinetic energy are output to the drill bit through the lower joint, and the effects of horizontal torsional elastic buffering and rock breaking and cutting by impact after the drill rod or the drill collar and the cylindrical spring act together are achieved.
Roller bearing: the structure is arranged between the upper joint and the lower joint and plays a role in reducing rolling friction resistance in the rotating process; meanwhile, the axial load is borne in the rotating process, the acting force of the drill rod or the drill collar in the vertical direction is transmitted to the lower joint from the upper joint through the roller bearing, and then the acting force in the vertical direction is output to the drill bit.
A lower joint: the structure, comprising: the upper part is a central shaft which is contacted with the roller bearing, the lower part is an upper slope step meshing structure, the lower end is a female buckle connected with the drill bit, and the torque is transmitted and output to the drill bit.
Compared with the prior art, the horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1. the upper female buckle is connected with the male buckle of the drill collar or the drill rod, and the device has the advantages of simple field installation and operation; the device is completely matched with the existing screwing-on and unscrewing equipment and is communicated for use.
2. The lower female buckle of the invention is connected with the male buckle of the drill bit, and has the advantages of on-site installation and simple operation; the device is completely matched with the existing screwing-on and unscrewing equipment and is communicated for use.
3. The invention has the functions of horizontally buffering, prolonging the action time of the cutting teeth of the drill bit for cutting rocks and reducing the horizontal torsional impact force in the drilling process. When the drilling stick-slip phenomenon occurs, the cylindrical spring of the cylindrical elastic body is acted by external force, when the torque generated by the external force exceeds the maximum rated torque value of the cylindrical spring, the lower slope step meshing structure of the cylindrical elastic body and the upper slope step meshing structure of the lower joint slide up and down and are dislocated in the rotating process, the two groups of slope step meshing structures are separated from each other, and then the slope step meshing structures are reset up and down after being twisted left and right to move, and are mutually meshed, impacted and impacted. The rebound force of the cylindrical spring can generate an instant horizontal impact force each time when the processes of mutual separation, meshing impact and impact are carried out, the instant horizontal impact force is increased due to the shortened action time of the instant horizontal impact, a great instant impact force is generated, the impact force, the torque and the kinetic energy are output to the drill bit through the lower joint, and the rock cutting effect after the combined action of the horizontal torsional elastic buffer and the impact rock breaking is completed.
4. The cylindrical spring of the cylindrical elastic body not only provides elastic buffering for horizontal torsion cutting force in the rock cutting process, but also prolongs the action time of the cutting force for cutting the rock. Disordered vibration, vibration and whirling generated during rock cutting are effectively absorbed, the protection of the cutting teeth of the drill bit is facilitated, the drill bit is protected, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural sectional view of a cylindrical elastic body according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of the upper ramp step engagement structure of the lower joint of the present invention;
reference numerals:
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the connection can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and the connection can be internal to 2 elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The utility model provides a horizontal torsional elasticity buffering and strike broken rock drilling tool which characterized in that:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock-breaking drilling tool, including:
1. the upper connector 1 and the female buckle 2 are connected with a male buckle of a drill collar or a drill rod, and the field installation and the operation are simple; the device is completely matched with the existing make-up and break-out equipment, and is communicated for use, and the make-up torque is increased to the optimal torque value of the industry standard.
The outer circle of the upper part of the upper joint 1 is provided with a sealing section, and the sealing element 3 is sealed with the upper joint 1; the lower part of the upper joint 1 is provided with a cylindrical groove lock structure; is connected with a cylindrical groove lock structure 10 at the upper end of the cylindrical elastic body 6; the inner diameter of the tool is consistent with the inner diameter of a common drill pipe or drill collar.
2. The lower connector 8 and the lower female buckle 9 are connected with the male buckle of the drill bit, and the advantages of field installation and simple operation are achieved; the device is completely matched with the existing make-up and break-out equipment, and is communicated for use, and the make-up torque is increased to the optimal torque value of the industry standard.
The middle part of the lower joint 8 is provided with an upper slope step meshing structure 13, and the outer part of the lower joint is also provided with a screw thread 7 which is connected with the screw thread 7 at the lower end of the sleeve 5.
3. The upper joint 1 of the invention inputs torque from a drill collar or a drill rod, transmits the input torque to the lower joint 8 through the middle part cylindrical elastic body 6, and finally outputs the torque to a drill bit.
4. Cylindrical elastic body 6 of the present invention: the device consists of a cylindrical groove lock structure 10, a cylindrical spring 11 and a lower slope step meshing structure 12. The cylindrical spring 11 of the cylindrical elastic body 6 plays a role in elastic buffering in horizontal torsion and converting absorbed kinetic energy into elastic potential energy of the cylindrical spring 11, and plays a role in buffering, storing energy, prolonging rock cutting time and reducing horizontal torsion impact force; the torque is output to the drill bit through the lower joint 8, and the process of cutting rock by horizontal torsional elastic buffer is completed.
5. The invention completes the process of cutting rock by the primary drill bit, namely the process of overcoming the resistance of the primary drill bit to cut rock, the process of energy conversion and the process of torque increase.
6. First, the cylindrical spring 11 of the present invention is acted by external force, and when the torque generated by the external force is smaller than the rated torque value of the cylindrical spring 11, the process that the drill bit overcomes the resistance of rock cutting by means of the elastic force of the horizontal torsional elastic buffer is adopted.
In the rated torque value range of the cylindrical spring 11, the lower slope step meshing structure 12 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 are meshed with each other and are tightly connected without separation, the torque of the drill collar or the drill rod is transmitted to the lower joint 8, then the torque is output to the drill bit, and the resistance of rock cutting is overcome by means of the elastic force of the horizontal torsional elastic buffer of the cylindrical spring 11.
7. Secondly, the cylindrical spring 11 of the invention is acted by external force, when the torque generated by the external force exceeds the maximum rated torque value of the cylindrical spring 11, the horizontal torsion after the elastic force is increased once is elastic buffer and the elastic force is released instantly, and the common acting force of the external force and the elastic force is output to a drill bit to impact and break rock together.
Under the action of external force, when the torque generated by the external force exceeds the maximum rated torque value of the cylindrical spring 11, the lower slope step meshing structure 12 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 slide up and down and are dislocated to be separated from each other, and then are reset up and down after being twisted left and right to move, and are meshed with each other to impact and impact. Each time of the processes of mutual separation, meshing impact and impact, the cylindrical elastic body 6 accumulates elastic potential energy, instantly releases the elastic potential energy to generate instant quick horizontal impact, and because the action time of the instant quick horizontal impact is shortened, the instant impact force is increased rapidly to generate great instant impact force, and the impact force is output to the drill bit through the lower joint. And finishing the process of horizontally twisting elastic buffering, accumulating elastic potential energy, instantly releasing the elastic potential energy, outputting the common acting force of the external force and the elastic force to the drill bit, and jointly impacting and breaking the rock.
8. Finally, the cylindrical spring 11 of the invention is acted by external force, when the torque generated by the external force exceeds the maximum rated torque value of the cylindrical spring 11, the elastic potential energy is also accumulated by one-time horizontal torsion elastic buffering, and then the kinetic energy of the drill rod or the drill collar and the energy after the instantaneous release and superposition of the elastic potential energy of the cylindrical spring 11 impact the rock breaking process together.
Under the action of external force, when the torque generated by the external force exceeds the maximum rated torque value of the cylindrical spring 11, the cylindrical elastic body 6 of the invention; the upper part is connected with the upper joint 1, the lower part horizontally twists with the lower joint 8 to perform elastic movement, so that torque with fluctuation provided by the drill collar or the drill rod is continuously absorbed by the cylindrical spring 11, the cylindrical spring 11 absorbs the elastic potential energy converted from the kinetic energy, the elastic potential energy is released instantly and converted into the kinetic energy of impact and impact between the lower slope step meshing structure 12 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13, and the kinetic energy is transmitted to the lower joint 8 and then output to the drill bit. And completing the process of accumulating elastic potential energy by horizontal torsional elastic buffering once, and then impacting and breaking the rock by the energy obtained by instantaneously releasing and superposing the kinetic energy of the drill rod or the drill collar and the elastic potential energy of the tubular spring 11.
9. The invention relates to a horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool which is connected among a drill rod, a drill collar and a drill bit and is put into a well together to realize the instant release of the horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling.
The horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool absorbs the accumulated experience over the past years, adopts a new design concept of cutting rocks by continuously absorbing kinetic energy, converting and storing the kinetic energy into elastic potential energy and instantly releasing the elastic potential energy to form impact kinetic energy, is innovatively transformed and applied to the petroleum drilling industry, and plays the effects of horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking speed increasing of drilling, so that the drilling efficiency is improved, and the operation cost is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1. a horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool is acted by external force, and when the torque generated by the external force is smaller than the rated torque value of a cylindrical spring 11, rock is cut by the horizontal torsional elastic buffer. By utilizing the lower slope step meshing structure 12 of the cylindrical elastic body 6 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 of the lower joint, the lower slope step meshing structure 12 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 are meshed with each other within the rated torque value range of the cylindrical spring 11 and are tightly connected without separation, the torque of the drill collar or the drill rod is transmitted to the lower joint 8, then the torque is output to the drill bit, and the cutting force generated by elastic buffering by the horizontal torsion direction of the cylindrical spring 11 overcomes the rock resistance to cut the rock.
2. A horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool is acted by external force, when the torque generated by the external force exceeds the maximum rated torque value of a cylindrical spring 11, the elastic potential energy of the cylindrical spring 11 is instantaneously released to form impact kinetic energy, and the cutting force generated by the horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact after the horizontal torsional elastic buffer and the impact kinetic energy are superposed overcomes the rock resistance and breaks the rock.
3. A horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling tool is characterized in that the external force provided by a drill rod or a drill collar and the elastic force of a cylindrical spring 11 form a resultant force of the external force and the elastic force to jointly impact rock breaking.
The lower slope step meshing structure 12 of the tubular elastic body 6 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 of the lower joint are utilized, under the combined action of external force and bounce force, when the generated torque exceeds the maximum rated torque value of the tubular spring 11, the lower slope step meshing structure 12 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 slide up and down and are dislocated to be separated from each other, then the lower slope step meshing structure and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 are twisted left and right to move, and then are elastically reset up and down, when the lower slope step meshing structure 12 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 are impacted and impacted mutually, impact force is formed by instant release of the bounce force, the impact force is superposed with the external force provided by a drill rod or a drill collar to form resultant force, and then the resultant force is transmitted to the lower joint 8. And completing the process of one-time horizontal torsional elastic buffering, accumulating elastic potential energy, instantly releasing the elastic potential energy, outputting the common acting force of the external force and the elastic force to the drill bit, and jointly impacting and breaking the rock.
4. A horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock-breaking drilling tool utilizes the characteristics that a cylindrical spring 11 can only repeatedly and periodically receive the action of external force and rebound force within a certain rotation angle range, the cylindrical spring 11 can only slide and dislocate up and down, and then the cylindrical spring elastically resets up and down after being twisted and moved left and right.
5. A horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool utilizes an upper joint 1 to play a role in reducing rolling friction resistance in the rotating process through a roller bearing 4; meanwhile, the axial load is borne in the rotating process, the acting force of the drill rod or the drill collar in the vertical direction is transmitted to the lower joint 8 in a rigid mode, and then the acting force in the vertical direction is output to the drill bit.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling tool disclosed by the invention is put into a well together with a drill rod or a drill collar, and the torque, power and energy input by a ground drilling machine are output to an upper joint 1 through the drill rod or the drill collar.
The cylindrical spring 11 rotates within a certain angle range under elastic restraint through the cylindrical groove lock structure of the upper joint to realize conversion of 'continuously absorbing kinetic energy, converting and storing the kinetic energy into elastic potential energy, and instantly releasing the elastic potential energy to form impact kinetic energy', then the lower slope step meshing structure 12 of the cylindrical elastomer 6 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 of the lower joint 8 are transmitted to the lower joint 8, and finally the torque, the power and the energy are output to a drill bit to finish horizontal torsion elastic buffering and impact rock breaking.
The vertical gravity input by the drill rod or the drill collar is output to the drill bit through the vertical sliding transmission of the roller bearing 4 and the vertical rigid transmission of the lower joint 8.
The torque, power and energy input by the drill rod or the drill collar are output to the drill bit through the rotation and sliding transmission of the roller bearing 4 and the torque transmission of the cylindrical elastic body 6 and the lower joint 8.
Under the action of external force, when the torque generated by the external force is smaller than the rated torque value of the cylindrical spring 11, the lower slope step meshing structure 12 of the cylindrical elastic body 6 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 of the lower joint 8 are meshed with each other and are tightly connected without separation. The kinetic energy provided by the drill collar or the drill rod is continuously absorbed, converted and stored into elastic potential energy to the cylindrical spring 11, then the cylindrical spring 11 is released to store the elastic potential energy, the kinetic energy provided by the drill collar or the drill rod is superposed to jointly transmit the lower joint 8, then torque, power and energy are output to the drill bit, and the process of overcoming the resistance of rock cutting by means of the elastic force of the horizontal torsional elastic buffer of the cylindrical spring 11 is adopted.
Under the action of external force, when the torque generated by the external force exceeds the maximum rated torque value of the tubular spring 11, the lower slope step meshing structure 12 of the tubular elastic body 6 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 of the lower joint 8 are separated by up-down sliding dislocation, then are elastically reset up and down after being twisted and moved left and right, then elastic potential energy is released and stored by the tubular spring 11, two groups of the dislocated slope step meshing structures are impacted and impacted mutually, impact kinetic energy is released instantly to transmit the increased impact force to the lower joint 8, torque is output to a drill bit, the energy of the impact kinetic energy formed by instant release of the elastic potential energy and the kinetic energy of a drill rod or a drill collar is accumulated and transmitted to the lower joint 8, and then the torque, the power and the energy are output to the drill bit. And completing the process of accumulating elastic potential energy by horizontal torsional elastic buffering once, and then impacting and breaking the rock by the energy obtained by instantaneously releasing and superposing the kinetic energy of the drill rod or the drill collar and the elastic potential energy of the tubular spring 11.
The drill bit finishes the process of cutting rocks once, and also continuously absorbs kinetic energy once, and then converts and stores the kinetic energy into elastic potential energy; or continuously absorbing kinetic energy, then converting and storing the kinetic energy into elastic potential energy, finally instantly releasing the elastic potential energy to form impact kinetic energy, and then outputting torque, power and energy to the drill bit to finish the process of cutting the rock again and again.
The drill bit utilizes the horizontal torsional elastic buffer and the impact rock breaking drilling tool to cut rock and can be divided into two stages.
The first stage drill bit cuts rock by means of horizontal spring damping: when the torque generated by the external force is smaller than the rated torque value of the cylindrical spring 11 under the action of the external force. The lower slope step meshing structure 12 of the cylindrical elastic body 6 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 of the lower joint are utilized, the lower slope step meshing structure 12 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 are meshed with each other within the rated torque value range of the cylindrical spring 11 and are tightly connected without separation, the torque of the drill collar or the drill rod is transmitted to the lower joint 8, then the torque is output to the drill bit, the resistance of the drill bit is overcome by the elastic force of the cylindrical spring 11 in the horizontal torsion direction elastic buffering, and the process that the drill bit cuts the rock in the first stage is completed by the horizontal elastic buffering.
If the first stage of the drill bit fails to finish cutting rock by means of the horizontal torsional elastic buffer, the second stage of the horizontal torsional elastic buffer and rock-breaking drilling tool of the invention starts to work by rock-breaking: under the action of external force, when the torque generated by the external force exceeds the maximum rated torque value of the cylindrical spring 11, the lower slope step meshing structure 12 and the upper slope step meshing structure 13 of the lower joint 8 are separated from each other by sliding up and down and are then twisted left and right to reset elastically up and down, elastic potential energy is released and stored by the cylindrical spring 11, two groups of slope step meshing structures after dislocation are impacted and impacted with each other, impact kinetic energy is released instantly to transmit increased impact force to the lower joint 8, torque is output to a drill bit, and after energy of kinetic energy provided by a drill collar or a drill rod is released and accumulated by the elastic potential energy, the torque, the power and the energy are output to the drill bit together. And finishing the process of impacting, breaking and cutting rock by the drill bit at the second stage after the kinetic energy of the drill rod or the drill collar and the elastic potential energy of the cylindrical spring 11 are instantaneously released and superposed to impact and break the rock.
The horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling tool greatly improves the drilling speed, saves the drilling operation cost, and plays a key role in improving the drilling speed of petroleum, natural gas, coal bed gas or shale gas rock.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool is characterized by comprising: the invention aims to provide a novel method for horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling speed increasing technology and a novel tool for horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling speed increasing.
2. A horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool is characterized by comprising: the upper part and the lower part are provided with screw threads which are respectively consistent with the screw threads of the drill rod or the drill collar with the same size of the existing standard. The inner diameter is consistent with the prior standard similar tool with the same size, no throttling position, no throttling, no fluid pressure drop, no increase of the flow friction of the fluid and no turbulence are generated.
3. A horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock-breaking drilling tool is characterized in that torque and kinetic energy input by a drill rod or a drill collar are input into an upper joint, then are transmitted to a lower joint through a cylindrical elastic body, and then are output to a drill bit.
4. The horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool is characterized in that a cylindrical spring not only provides horizontal torsional elastic buffer for horizontal torsional cutting force in a rock cutting process, prolongs the action time of the cutting force on cutting rock, but also effectively absorbs disordered vibration, vibration and whirling generated in the process of cutting rock, is beneficial to protecting cutting teeth of a drill bit and prolongs the service life of the drill bit.
5. A horizontal torsional elastic buffer and impact rock breaking drilling tool is characterized in that the appearance structure of a cylindrical elastic body is in a birdcage-like shape, the upper end of the cylindrical elastic body is in a cylindrical groove lock structure, the middle of the cylindrical elastic body is provided with a cylindrical spring consisting of a plurality of beams of vertical springs, and the lower end of the cylindrical elastic body is in a lower slope step meshing structure.
6. A horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling tool is characterized in that a cylindrical spring of a cylindrical elastic body is continuously acted by external force input by a drill rod or a drill collar, the rebound force and the external force are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, finally, after the external force exceeds the rated torque value of the cylindrical spring, a lower slope step meshing structure of the cylindrical elastic body and an upper slope step meshing structure of a lower joint are separated from each other instantly, the rebound force is released suddenly, and the process of superposing and releasing the external force and the rebound force is completed once.
The utility model provides a horizontal torsional elasticity buffering and strike broken rock drilling tool which characterized in that, the tube-shape elastomer: before cutting rock each time, the torque and the kinetic energy input by the drill rod or the drill collar are accumulated, then the absorbed kinetic energy is converted into elastic potential energy by the cylindrical spring, the torque is continuously increased, the elastic potential energy is continuously accumulated, and after the torque exceeds the rated torque value of the cylindrical spring, the elastic potential energy is instantly released by the cylindrical spring and is converted into the kinetic energy. The lower slope step meshing structure of the cylindrical elastic body and the upper slope step meshing structure of the lower joint are mutually separated, mutually meshed, impacted and impacted in the rotating process. In the process of impact and impact of the slope step meshing structure, as the time for impact and impact is shortened, the impact force is increased, the impact force transmitted by the lower joint and the kinetic energy converted from the elastic potential energy are both output to the drill bit, and the process of impact force increase and energy conversion for impacting, breaking rock and cutting rock is completed.
7. The utility model provides a horizontal torsional elasticity buffering and broken rock drilling tool of impact which characterized in that, roller bearing: in the process of rotating, the function of reducing rolling friction resistance is achieved; meanwhile, axial load is borne in the rotary motion process, and the acting force of the drill rod or the drill collar in the vertical direction is transmitted to the lower joint and then output to the drill bit.
8. The utility model provides a horizontal torsional elasticity buffering and broken rock drilling tool of impact which characterized in that, the sleeve: and the protective cylindrical elastic body is used for connecting the upper joint and the lower joint and ensuring that the upper joint and the lower joint can rotate mutually in the horizontal twisting direction. The sealing element is arranged in the upper end of the sleeve to prevent foreign matters from falling into the cylindrical elastic body from the outside. The lower end of the sleeve is internally connected with the lower joint through a screw thread.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810721956.9A CN110685612A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | Horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810721956.9A CN110685612A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | Horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling tool |
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| CN110685612A true CN110685612A (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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| CN201810721956.9A Pending CN110685612A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | Horizontal torsional elastic buffering and impact rock breaking drilling tool |
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| CN (1) | CN110685612A (en) |
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| CN112096308A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2020-12-18 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Buffer instantaneous pressure reduction short section for PDC drill bit |
| CN113530451A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-10-22 | 西南石油大学 | Diamond drill bit capable of realizing self-adaptive buffering function |
| CN115522873A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2022-12-27 | 西南石油大学 | Torque self-adaptive impact tool suitable for PDC drill bit |
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| CN115522873A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2022-12-27 | 西南石油大学 | Torque self-adaptive impact tool suitable for PDC drill bit |
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