CN110681723B - Method for calculating pressing amount of thick metal plate flattening process - Google Patents
Method for calculating pressing amount of thick metal plate flattening process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110681723B CN110681723B CN201910889125.7A CN201910889125A CN110681723B CN 110681723 B CN110681723 B CN 110681723B CN 201910889125 A CN201910889125 A CN 201910889125A CN 110681723 B CN110681723 B CN 110681723B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating the pressing amount of a metal thick plate flattening process, which is characterized in that a plate shape curve equation of a flattening piece is obtained by scanning the appearance of the flattening piece, so that the distance of a cushion block of a flattening machine and the original deflection of the flattening piece are obtained, the position of a pressing head and the pressing amount can be determined by combining the obtained calculation formula of the pressing amount, the primary straightening qualified rate is more than 95%, the working efficiency is improved, the dependence of the flattening process on manpower is reduced, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, and automation is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pressure straightening, and particularly relates to a method for calculating the pressing amount of a thick metal plate flattening process.
Background
When the plate shape defect occurs in the production process of the medium plate, the medium plate needs to be finished by means of straightening equipment. When the thickness of the plate is more than 40mm, a roller straightening machine cannot be used for straightening, so that a flattening machine is selected for quick and accurate straightening. However, the existing flattening process has no reasonable model, is basically determined by the experience of operators, has great uncertainty on the bending position and the pressing amount of a pressing head, has no reasonable flattening procedure, needs to repeatedly bend for inexperienced operators for many times, and seriously restricts the working efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a method for calculating the pressing amount of a thick metal plate flattening process, which can effectively improve the accuracy of the pressing amount of a flattening machine, ensure the flattening precision and the quality of the thick plate, and improve the working efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme is as follows:
a method for calculating the pressing amount of a thick metal plate flattening process comprises the following steps:
s1: equation of the plate shape curve of the flattening
Carrying out shape scanning on the thick plate flattening piece, analyzing the original deflection of the flattening piece and the wave height central position of the flattening piece by utilizing scanning information, and obtaining a plate shape curve equation of the flattening piece according to the scanning information of the flattening piece:
δ0-the original deflection of the flattening element,
l is the distance between cushion blocks of the flatting machine, and is determined by a plate-shaped curve equation obtained by scanning;
obtaining the distance of a cushion block of a flattening machine and the original deflection of the flattening piece according to a plate-shaped curve equation of the flattening piece;
s2: calculation formula of rolling reduction
In the traditional straightening theory, when elastic deformation is achieved and elastic deflection is equal to reverse bending deflection, the plate is considered to be straightened and flat, namely
δf＝δw (2)
δf-the degree of resilience deflection,
δw-reverse bending deflection;
defining the original curvature ratio: c0＝Ao/AtThe reverse bend ratio: cw＝Aw/At，
Ao-the original curvature of the flattened piece,
Awthe reverse bend ratio after being subjected to the pressure,
At-the elastic limit curvature of the material itself;
wherein the proof curvature is:
σtthe limit of elasticity of the material, however,
e-modulus of elasticity of the material,
h-thickness of material;
according to the stress-strain relationship of the thick plate during bending, assuming that the thick plate material is an ideal material, since the thick plate is approximately considered as a rectangular section during flattening, the external force distance to which the thick plate is subjected during bending is as follows:
b-the width of the material,
Ht-the elastically strained thickness of the material;
defining a bending moment ratio:
Mt-the elastic limit bending moment of the material;
achieve the successful flattening by
So equation (5) is converted to:
Cw 3+(2C0-1.5)Cw 2+(C0 2-3C0)Cw-1.5C0 2+0.5＝0 (6)
from equation (6), C can be obtainedwTherefore, the theoretical reduction:
δ1＝δ0+δw＝δ0+Cwδt (7)
δt-the elastic limit deflection of the material;
therefore, the actual rolling reduction of the flatting machine is as follows:
δ2＝αδ1 (8)
alpha is the actual weighting coefficient of the rolling reduction of the flattening machine;
comparing a plurality of groups of rolling reduction values calculated by the formulas (1) to (8) with a set of actual pressing reduction values to obtain a calculation formula of any different original deflection, yield strength of materials and rolling reduction of plate thickness under the same fulcrum:
σSthe yield strength of the flattened piece,
h is the thickness of the plate of the flattening piece,
δ0-the original deflection of the flattening element,
α1、α2-a calculated factor in the reduction;
s3: calculation of the reduction
Determination of alpha in equation (9) by the actual applanation value1、α2And calculating the random different original deflection, the yield strength of the material and the reduction of the plate thickness under the same pivot point according to the formula (9).
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the shape curve equation of the flattening piece is obtained by scanning the shape of the flattening piece, so that the cushion block distance of the flattening machine and the original deflection of the flattening piece are obtained, the position of the pressing head and the pressing amount can be determined by combining the obtained calculation formula of the pressing amount, the one-time straightening qualification rate is over 95 percent, the working efficiency is improved, the dependence of the flattening process on manpower is reduced, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, and automation is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a view of a flatting machine model;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the residual deflection in the width direction after flattening a thick plate having an original deflection of 30 mm.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Examples
A method for calculating the pressing amount of a thick metal plate flattening process comprises the following steps:
s1: equation of the plate shape curve of the flattening
Carrying out shape scanning on the thick plate flattening piece, analyzing the original deflection of the flattening piece and the wave height central position of the flattening piece by utilizing scanning information, and obtaining a plate shape curve equation of the flattening piece according to the scanning information of the flattening piece:
δ0-the original deflection of the flattening element,
l is the distance between cushion blocks of the flatting machine, and is determined by a plate-shaped curve equation obtained by scanning;
obtaining the distance of a cushion block of a flattening machine and the original deflection of the flattening piece according to a plate-shaped curve equation of the flattening piece;
s2: calculation formula of rolling reduction
In the traditional straightening theory, when elastic deformation is achieved and elastic deflection is equal to reverse bending deflection, the plate is considered to be straightened and flat, namely
δf＝δw (2)
δf-the degree of resilience deflection,
δw-reverse bending deflection;
defining the original curvature ratio: c0＝Ao/AtThe reverse bend ratio: cw＝Aw/At，
Ao-the original curvature of the flattened piece,
Awthe reverse bend ratio after being subjected to the pressure,
At-the elastic limit curvature of the material itself;
wherein the proof curvature is:
σtthe limit of elasticity of the material, however,
e-modulus of elasticity of the material,
h-thickness of material;
according to the stress-strain relationship of the thick plate during bending, assuming that the thick plate material is an ideal material, since the thick plate is approximately considered as a rectangular section during flattening, the external force distance to which the thick plate is subjected during bending is as follows:
b-the width of the material,
Ht-the elastically strained thickness of the material;
defining a bending moment ratio:
Mt-the elastic limit bending moment of the material;
achieve the successful flattening by
So equation (5) is converted to:
Cw 3+(2C0-1.5)Cw 2+(C0 2-3C0)Cw-1.5C0 2+0.5＝0 (6)
from equation (6), C can be obtainedwTherefore, the theoretical reduction:
δ1＝δ0+δw＝δ0+Cwδt (7)
δt-the elastic limit deflection of the material;
therefore, the actual rolling reduction of the flatting machine is as follows:
δ2＝αδ1 (8)
alpha is the actual weighting coefficient of the rolling reduction of the flattening machine;
comparing a plurality of groups of rolling reduction values calculated by the formulas (1) to (8) with a set of actual pressing reduction values to obtain a calculation formula of any different original deflection, yield strength of materials and rolling reduction of plate thickness under the same fulcrum:
σSthe yield strength of the flattened piece,
h is the thickness of the plate of the flattening piece,
δ0-the original deflection of the flattening element,
α1、α2-a calculated factor in the reduction;
s3: calculation of the reduction
S304 stainless steel is selected as a material of the flattening machine part, and a laboratory flattening machine is used as a flattening machine model, as shown in figure 1. The thickness of the straightening piece is 90mm, and the distance between cushion blocks of the flatting machine is 3000 mm. The yield strength of the S304 stainless steel is 205MPa, the elastic modulus is 200GPa, and the Poisson ratio is 0.247.
Two coefficients in equation (9) are determined as follows:
taking thick plates with original deflection of 50mm and 40mm for flattening and straightening, and measuring the rolling reduction of 115mm and 100mm respectively. The coefficient is alpha obtained by the formula (9)1＝28.53，α20.1538. Therefore, the general formula at a fulcrum distance of 3000mm is:
in order to verify the universality of the formula, a thick plate with the original deflection of 30mm is taken to be subjected to flattening simulation, the rolling reduction is calculated to be 85mm through the formula (10), and after the simulation is finished, as shown in figure 2, the residual deflection is 2.8mm and is less than 10% of the original deflection, and the flattening is successful.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or combination made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for calculating the pressing amount of a thick metal plate flattening process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: equation of the plate shape curve of the flattening
Carrying out shape scanning on the thick plate flattening piece, analyzing the original deflection of the flattening piece and the wave height central position of the flattening piece by utilizing scanning information, and obtaining a plate shape curve equation of the flattening piece according to the scanning information of the flattening piece:
δ0-the original deflection of the flattening element,
l is the distance between cushion blocks of the flatting machine, and is determined by a plate-shaped curve equation obtained by scanning;
obtaining the distance of a cushion block of a flattening machine and the original deflection of the flattening piece according to a plate-shaped curve equation of the flattening piece;
s2: calculation formula of rolling reduction
In the traditional straightening theory, when elastic deformation is achieved and elastic deflection is equal to reverse bending deflection, the plate is considered to be straightened and flat, namely
δf＝δw (2)
δf-the degree of resilience deflection,
δw-reverse bending deflection;
defining the original curvature ratio: c0＝Ao/AtThe reverse bend ratio: cw＝Aw/At，
Ao-the original curvature of the flattened piece,
Awthe reverse bend ratio after being subjected to the pressure,
At-the elastic limit curvature of the material itself;
wherein the proof curvature is:
σtthe limit of elasticity of the material, however,
e-modulus of elasticity of the material,
h-thickness of material;
according to the stress-strain relationship of the thick plate during bending, assuming that the thick plate material is an ideal material, since the thick plate is approximately considered as a rectangular section during flattening, the external force distance to which the thick plate is subjected during bending is as follows:
b-the width of the material,
Ht-the elastically strained thickness of the material;
defining a bending moment ratio:
Mt-the elastic limit bending moment of the material;
achieve the successful flattening by
So equation (5) is converted to:
Cw 3+(2C0-1.5)Cw 2+(C0 2-3C0)Cw-1.5C0 2+0.5＝0 (6)
from equation (6), C can be obtainedwTherefore, the theoretical reduction:
δ1＝δ0+δw＝δ0+Cwδt (7)
δt-the elastic limit deflection of the material;
therefore, the actual rolling reduction of the flatting machine is as follows:
δ2＝αδ1 (8)
alpha is the actual weighting coefficient of the rolling reduction of the flattening machine;
comparing a plurality of groups of rolling reduction values calculated by the formulas (1) to (8) with a set of actual pressing reduction values to obtain a calculation formula of any different original deflection, yield strength of materials and rolling reduction of plate thickness under the same fulcrum:
σSthe yield strength of the flattened piece,
h is the thickness of the plate of the flattening piece,
δ0-the original deflection of the flattening element,
α1、α2-a calculated factor in the reduction;
s3: calculation of the reduction
Determination of alpha in equation (9) by the actual applanation value1、α2Then, the computer can calculate the computer according to the formula (9)Different raw deflections, yield strengths of the material and the reduction of the plate thickness at the same fulcrum are contemplated.
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