CN110681252A - Solid waste incineration waste gas treatment process - Google Patents
Solid waste incineration waste gas treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110681252A CN110681252A CN201911007254.5A CN201911007254A CN110681252A CN 110681252 A CN110681252 A CN 110681252A CN 201911007254 A CN201911007254 A CN 201911007254A CN 110681252 A CN110681252 A CN 110681252A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/007—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
- B01D53/502—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific solution or suspension
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
- B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
- B01D2258/0291—Flue gases from waste incineration plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/804—UV light
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solid waste incineration waste gas treatment process, which comprises the following steps: chemical washing, liquid separation treatment, UV photolysis and activated carbon adsorption. The invention has the advantages that: the invention can remove the sulfur dioxide in the waste gas by the reaction of sodium hydroxide and sulfur dioxide, thereby completing the desulfurization operation; sodium hypochlorite is used as a special oxidant, NO in the flue gas is oxidized into NO2 by virtue of the oxidizing property of hypochlorous acid in the oxidant or acid-base neutralization reaction is utilized, namely NO2 is dissolved in water to generate nitric acid and nitrous acid, NO and NO2 in a gas phase generate N2O3, N2O3 is also dissolved in water to generate HNO2, and then the nitric acid and nitrous acid and sodium hydroxide are subjected to neutralization reaction to generate sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite, so that the denitration operation can be completed; subsequent gases will undergo UV photolysis to remove other associated harmful gases; the final gas is discharged after being adsorbed by the activated carbon, and the activated carbon can adsorb heavy metal particles and other suspended particulate matters in the gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a process for treating solid waste incineration waste gas.
Background
The main components of waste gas generated by solid waste incineration are as follows: sulfur dioxide, suspended particulate matter, nitric oxide, and the like. The main hazards of sulfur dioxide: industrial smoke is formed, which makes people have difficulty in breathing at high concentration and is the allegory of the famous London smoke event; after entering the atmosphere, the water is oxidized into sulfuric acid, acid rain is formed in cloud, and the harm to buildings, forests, lakes and soil is great; form suspended particles, also called aerosol, which enter the lung along with the respiration of people and have direct damage effect on the lung. Major hazards of suspended particulate matter: enters the lung along with respiration and can be deposited on the lung to cause diseases of the respiratory system. Various harmful substances are easily adhered to the particles, some of the particles are carcinogenic, and some of the particles can induce pollen anaphylaxis; deposit on the leaf surface of green plants, interfere the process of plants absorbing sunlight and carbon dioxide and emitting oxygen and water, thereby affecting the health and growth of plants; the concentration of heavy particulate matter can affect the respiratory system of the animal; killing microorganisms, causing changes in the food chain, and further affecting the entire ecosystem; blocking sunlight may change the climate, which also affects the ecosystem. Major hazards of nitric oxide: is a colorless, tasteless, and water-insoluble toxic gas.
The existing method for treating solid waste incineration waste gas basically directly utilizes sodium hydroxide to carry out neutralization reaction, only sulfur dioxide in the waste gas can be neutralized, nitric oxide and a large amount of suspended particulate matters in the waste gas cannot be removed, and after the nitric oxide and the suspended particulate matters are discharged, the waste gas still causes great harm to human bodies.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the various problems, the invention provides a solid waste incineration waste gas treatment process for thoroughly removing sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide and suspended particulate matters in waste gas.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a solid waste incineration waste gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
step one, chemical washing: introducing the waste gas into a chemical absorption tower through a blower, and carrying out desulfurization reaction and denitration reaction on the waste gas under the action of chemical liquid medicine atomization spraying;
step two, liquid separation treatment: introducing the waste gas subjected to desulfurization and denitrification in the first step into a dry demister, so as to separate liquid carried in the gas and improve the transfer efficiency of the gas;
step three, UV photolysis: introducing the waste gas from which the liquid is removed in the step two into an ultraviolet photolysis device, and generating hydroxyl radicals through UV irradiation to react with the waste gas so as to remove harmful gases in the waste gas;
step four, activated carbon adsorption: and (3) introducing the gas subjected to UV decomposition in the third step into an activated carbon adsorption device, and adsorbing other harmful gases and substances generated in the reaction process through the adsorption of activated carbon, so as to finally discharge clean gas.
Preferably, the reaction formula of the desulfurization reaction in the first step is as follows:
absorption of
2NaOH+SO2→Na2SO3+H2O (1)
Na2SO3+SO2+H2O→2NaHSO3 (2)
The two general reactions are as follows:
NaOH+SO2→NaHSO3 (3)
NaHSO3+NaOH→Na2SO3+H2O (4)。
preferably, the denitration reaction in the first step includes wet oxidation absorption and alkali liquor absorption.
Preferably, the reaction formula of the wet oxidation absorption is as follows:
NO+HClO→NO2+HCl。
preferably, the reaction formula in the alkali liquor absorption method is as follows:
3NO2+H20＝＝2HNO3+NO
2OH-+NO+NO2→2NO2+H2O。
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention can remove the sulfur dioxide in the waste gas by the reaction of sodium hydroxide and sulfur dioxide, thereby completing the desulfurization operation; sodium hypochlorite is used as a special oxidant, NO in the flue gas is oxidized into NO2 by virtue of the oxidizing property of hypochlorous acid in the oxidant or acid-base neutralization reaction is utilized, namely NO2 is dissolved in water to generate nitric acid and nitrous acid, NO and NO2 in a gas phase generate N2O3, N2O3 is also dissolved in water to generate HNO2, and then the nitric acid and nitrous acid and sodium hydroxide are subjected to neutralization reaction to generate sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite, so that the denitration operation can be completed; subsequent gases will undergo UV photolysis to remove other associated harmful gases; the final gas is discharged after being adsorbed by the activated carbon, and the activated carbon can adsorb heavy metal particles and other suspended particulate matters in the gas; by utilizing the process, the removal rate of hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and sulfide can reach more than 98 percent, and the removal rate of heavy metal reaches 99 percent.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Examples
A solid waste incineration waste gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
step one, chemical washing: introducing the waste gas into a chemical absorption tower through a blower, and carrying out desulfurization reaction and denitration reaction on the waste gas under the action of chemical liquid medicine atomization spraying;
step two, liquid separation treatment: introducing the waste gas subjected to desulfurization and denitrification in the first step into a dry demister, so as to separate liquid carried in the gas and improve the transfer efficiency of the gas;
step three, UV photolysis: introducing the waste gas from which the liquid is removed in the step two into an ultraviolet photolysis device, and generating hydroxyl radicals through UV irradiation to react with the waste gas so as to remove harmful gases in the waste gas;
step four, activated carbon adsorption: and (3) introducing the gas subjected to UV decomposition in the third step into an activated carbon adsorption device, and adsorbing other harmful gases and substances generated in the reaction process through the adsorption of activated carbon, so as to finally discharge clean gas.
The reaction formula of the desulfurization reaction in the first step is as follows:
namely, the process of absorbing sulfur dioxide and producing sodium sulfite as a byproduct by using sodium hydroxide solution comprises the following steps:
absorption of
2NaOH+SO2→Na2SO3+H2O (1)
Na2SO3+SO2+H2O→2NaHSO3 (2)
The two general reactions are as follows:
NaOH+SO2→NaHSO3 (3)
NaHSO3+NaOH→Na2SO3+H2O (4)。
the denitration reaction in the first step comprises a wet oxidation absorption method and an alkali liquor absorption method.
The reaction formula of the wet oxidation absorption is as follows:
sodium hypochlorite is used as a special oxidant, and NO in the smoke is oxidized into NO2 by virtue of the oxidizing property of hypochlorite in the oxidant.
NO+HClO→NO2+HCl。
The reaction formula in the alkali liquor absorption method is as follows:
the method is essentially acid-base neutralization reaction, namely NO2 is dissolved in water to generate nitric acid and nitrous acid, NO and NO2 in a gas phase generate N2O3, N2O3 is also dissolved in water to generate HNO2, and then the nitric acid and nitrous acid are neutralized with sodium hydroxide to generate sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite.
3NO2+H20＝＝2HNO3+NO
2OH-+NO+NO2→2NO2+H2O。
The invention and its embodiments have been described above, without this being limitative. In conclusion, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A process for treating solid waste incineration waste gas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, chemical washing: introducing the waste gas into a chemical absorption tower through a blower, and carrying out desulfurization reaction and denitration reaction on the waste gas under the action of chemical liquid medicine atomization spraying;
step two, liquid separation treatment: introducing the waste gas subjected to desulfurization and denitrification in the first step into a dry demister, so as to separate liquid carried in the gas and improve the transfer efficiency of the gas;
step three, UV photolysis: introducing the waste gas from which the liquid is removed in the step two into an ultraviolet photolysis device, and generating hydroxyl radicals through UV irradiation to react with the waste gas so as to remove harmful gases in the waste gas;
step four, activated carbon adsorption: and (3) introducing the gas subjected to UV decomposition in the third step into an activated carbon adsorption device, and adsorbing other harmful gases and substances generated in the reaction process through the adsorption of activated carbon, so as to finally discharge clean gas.
2. The process for treating waste gas generated in solid waste incineration according to claim 1, wherein: the reaction formula of the desulfurization reaction in the first step is as follows:
absorption of
2NaOH+SO2→Na2SO3+H2O (1)
Na2SO3+SO2+H2O→2NaHSO3 (2)
The two general reactions are as follows:
NaOH+SO2→NaHSO3 (3)
NaHSO3+NaOH→Na2SO3+H2O (4)。
3. the process for treating waste gas generated in solid waste incineration according to claim 1, wherein: the denitration reaction in the first step comprises a wet oxidation absorption method and an alkali liquor absorption method.
4. The process for treating waste gas generated in solid waste incineration according to claim 3, wherein: the reaction formula of the wet oxidation absorption is as follows:
NO+HClO→NO2+HCl。
5. the process for treating waste gas generated in solid waste incineration according to claim 3, wherein: the reaction formula in the alkali liquor absorption method is as follows:
3NO2+H20＝＝2HNO3+NO
2OH-+NO+NO2→2NO2+H2O。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911007254.5A CN110681252A (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Solid waste incineration waste gas treatment process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911007254.5A CN110681252A (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Solid waste incineration waste gas treatment process |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101428195A (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2009-05-13 | 浙江大学 | System for treating flue gas nitrogen oxide and recycling nitrite with sodium chloride |
| CN206577577U (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-10-24 | 重庆科蓝环保实业有限公司 | A kind of cleaning system for municipal sewage plant's domestic sludge incineration flue gas |
| CN107413148A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-12-01 | 四川弘毅智慧知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of cleaning system |
| CN208097814U (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-11-16 | 江苏万贤环境工程有限公司 | A kind of Sewage Disposal waste gas treatment equipment |
| CN109550338A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-02 | 江苏众瑞环保科技有限公司 | A kind of flue gas desulfurization denitration dust-removing technique |
-
2019
- 2019-10-22 CN CN201911007254.5A patent/CN110681252A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101428195A (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2009-05-13 | 浙江大学 | System for treating flue gas nitrogen oxide and recycling nitrite with sodium chloride |
| CN206577577U (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-10-24 | 重庆科蓝环保实业有限公司 | A kind of cleaning system for municipal sewage plant's domestic sludge incineration flue gas |
| CN107413148A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-12-01 | 四川弘毅智慧知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of cleaning system |
| CN109550338A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-02 | 江苏众瑞环保科技有限公司 | A kind of flue gas desulfurization denitration dust-removing technique |
| CN208097814U (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-11-16 | 江苏万贤环境工程有限公司 | A kind of Sewage Disposal waste gas treatment equipment |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 高红武主编: "《"三废"处理及综合利用》", 30 September 2005, 中国环境科学出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20200114 |