CN110679268A

CN110679268A - High-efficiency potato harvester

Info

Publication number: CN110679268A
Application number: CN201911073125.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 应瑶琪
Original assignee: Hangzhou Heyuan Horticulture Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Heyuan Horticulture Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-05
Filing date: 2019-11-05
Publication date: 2020-01-14

Abstract

The invention provides a high-efficiency potato harvester which comprises a rack provided with a top plate, wherein an airflow generating device is arranged on the top plate, a push plate device is arranged below the airflow generating device, one side of the push plate device is connected with a soil cleaning device, the front end of the soil cleaning device is provided with a screening device, a material receiving device is arranged below the screening device, a wheel device is also arranged below the material receiving device, and a scraper device is also arranged at one side of the wheel device; the potato harvester with high efficiency provided by the invention realizes screening potatoes according to sizes and blows off partial foreign matters in the potatoes by utilizing the mutual cooperation of the simple soil cleaning device, the screening device and the fan device.

Description

High-efficiency potato harvester

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product harvesting equipment and agricultural science and technology, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency potato harvester.

Background

Potato harvesters typically utilize a rotating digging implement to scoop the potatoes, potato seedlings, and soil with a digging shovel. Along with the forward operation of machines, the potato of shovel, potato seedling and earth are carried and are carried the separator top, and separator produces orderly shake owing to shake the continuous rotation of device to realize the potato separation.

For example, chinese patent literature discloses a high-efficiency potato harvester [ application No.: 201811441663.1 ] comprising two racks forming a working space therebetween; a bucket part, an elevating part and a fertilizer applicator are arranged in the working space; the shovel part is fixed at the front end of the frame and used for shoveling potatoes in ridges, and the rear end of the shovel part is in contact with the lifting part; the fertilizer applicator comprises a feed box, a spray pipe and a main control board; the feed box is arranged on the rack and used for storing fertilizer; the spray pipe is arranged at one end of the bottom of the bucket part close to the chain wheel assembly; the bottom of the spray pipe is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic spray heads along the length direction; the electromagnetic spray head is communicated with the material box through a hose; the main control board is electrically connected with the electromagnetic spray head and used for opening and closing the electromagnetic spray head.

According to the efficient potato harvester in the scheme, although base fertilizer is applied to cultivated land while potatoes are harvested, the motor is low in working efficiency, and unqualified potatoes or foreign matters in the potatoes cannot be effectively separated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a high-efficiency potato harvester, which realizes screening of potatoes according to different sizes and blows away partial foreign matters in the potatoes by utilizing the mutual cooperation of a simple soil cleaning device, a screening device and a fan device.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an efficient potato harvester, includes the frame that is equipped with the roof, its characterized in that: the top plate is provided with an airflow generating device, a push plate device is arranged below the airflow generating device and comprises a driving shaft, one side of the driving shaft is connected with a motor through a coupling, the driving shaft is also provided with a driving wheel, the driving wheel is connected with an earth cleaning device through a first transmission chain, the front end of the earth cleaning device is provided with a screening device, a material receiving device is arranged below the screening device, one side of the material receiving device is provided with a material outlet, the upper end of the material outlet is provided with a push rod, a wheel device is also arranged below the material receiving device and is connected with the earth cleaning device through a second transmission chain, and one side of the wheel device is also provided with a scraper device; the device is characterized in that a pressing plate is arranged above the airflow generating device, the pressing plate is connected with a telescopic rod of the air cylinder through a connecting rod, a feeding hole is formed below the telescopic rod, and a shovel plate device is arranged on the feeding hole.

Preferably, the airflow generating device comprises a telescopic sealed air bin fixedly mounted on the top plate, a plurality of first air outlets are formed in the lower end of the sealed air bin, and the first air outlets vertically penetrate through the lower surface of the top plate.

Preferably, the push plate device comprises a driven shaft connected with the driving shaft through a belt, the belt is provided with a plurality of push plates, and a plurality of second air outlets are formed in the belt between the push plates.

As preferred, earth cleaning device include through first driving chain with the action wheel continuous first gear, just first gear fixed mounting in worm one side, the worm opposite side be provided with the second gear, the worm on still be provided with first teeth of a cogwheel, first teeth of a cogwheel top be equipped with the mounting bracket of taking the swash plate, the mounting bracket on movable mounting have a plurality of clearance axles, every the clearance epaxial soft brush that all is equipped with, clearance axle one side still install with first teeth of a cogwheel intermeshing's third gear.

Preferably, the sieving mechanism include with the screening frame that the mounting bracket links to each other, the screening frame on adorn a plurality of spacer bars admittedly, the spacer bar between be provided with from earth cleaning device to the ladder pole subassembly that the sieving mechanism direction diameter reduces gradually, the ladder pole subassembly include left branch pole and right branch pole, and from earth cleaning device to the sieving mechanism direction between left branch pole and the right branch pole distance crescent.

Preferably, the material receiving device comprises a material receiving box arranged right below the screening frame, slide rails are arranged on two sides of the material receiving box, a cylindrical groove is formed in the tail end of each slide rail, a screw running groove is further formed in one side of each slide rail, and a partition plate assembly is installed in each screw running groove through a locking screw.

Preferably, the partition plate assembly comprises a sliding block matched with the sliding rail, a ball matched with the cylindrical groove is arranged at the front end of the sliding block, a fixing plate is arranged at the tail end of the sliding block, and a partition plate is arranged on the fixing plate.

Preferably, the wheel device comprises a plurality of wheel assemblies which are arranged at the lower end of the rack and connected through a third transmission chain, each wheel assembly comprises a wheel shaft which is movably arranged on the rack, a fourth gear which is connected with the second gear through the second transmission chain is arranged on each wheel shaft, and wheels with the same structure are arranged on two sides of each wheel shaft.

Preferably, the scraper device comprises a cross rod fixedly mounted on the frame, scrapers with the same structure are arranged at two ends of the cross rod, and the side surfaces of the scrapers are tangent to the third transmission chain.

Preferably, the shovel plate device comprises an articulated column fixedly installed at the feeding hole, a shovel plate is hinged to the articulated column, a plurality of sand leaking openings are formed in the shovel plate, anti-falling plates are arranged on two sides of each sand leaking opening, and arc-shaped shovels are further arranged at the front end of the shovel plate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the airflow generating device provided by the invention utilizes the telescopic and sealing performance of the sealed air bin, so that the sealed air bin generates air due to the change of the volume, the air bin acts on the push plate device and the soil cleaning device, the soil and plant residues on potatoes are favorably removed, and the airflow generating device and the air cylinder realize linkage so that the airflow generating device generates air along with the movement of the air cylinder.

2. The push plate device, the soil cleaning device and the wheel device are linked through the simple transmission mechanism, so that the use efficiency of the motor is improved.

3. The soil cleaning device provided by the invention cleans soil on the surface of the potatoes by utilizing friction force generated between the rotation of the soft hairbrush and the potatoes, and the design can clean the potatoes and avoid the damage of the potato skins.

4. The material receiving device and the screening device are matched with each other, so that the potatoes are distinguished according to the sizes of the potatoes, and the screening of the potatoes is completed.

5. The scraper device provided by the invention can remove soil on the third transmission chain on the wheel device, and the phenomenon that the third transmission chain is excessively filled with soil and is not beneficial to the forward movement of equipment is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of a high-efficiency potato harvester provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective sectional view of a high efficiency potato harvester provided by the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view (reverse) of the relationship of the moving components of the high-efficiency potato harvester provided by the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional sectional view of the material receiving device provided by the invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the soil cleaning device and the screening device provided by the invention.

In the figure, a machine frame 1, a top plate 11, a driving wheel 12, a discharge port 13, a push rod 14, a pressure plate 15, a connecting rod 16, an air cylinder 17, an expansion rod 18, a feed port 19, a coupler A1, a motor A, a first transmission chain a, a second transmission chain b, an air flow generating device 2, a sealed air bin 21, a first air outlet 22, a push plate device 3, a driving shaft 31, a belt 32, a driven shaft 33, a push plate 34, a second air outlet 35, a soil cleaning device 4, a first gear 41, a worm 42, a first gear 42a, a second gear 43, a sloping plate 44, a mounting rack 45, a cleaning shaft 46, a soft brush 47, a third gear 48, a screening device 5, a screening rack 51, a separating rod 52, a step rod assembly J, a left support rod J1, a right support rod J32, a material receiving device 6, a material receiving box 61, a sliding rail 62, a cylindrical groove 62a, a screw running groove 63, a locking screw 64, a partition plate assembly G, a, The device comprises a fixed plate G3, a partition plate G4, a wheel device 7, a wheel assembly 7a, a third transmission chain 71, a wheel shaft 72, a fourth gear 73, wheels 74, a scraper device 8, a cross rod 81, a scraper 82, a scraper device 9, a hinge column 91, a scraper 92, a sand leakage opening 93, a drop-preventing plate 94 and an arc-shaped scraper 95.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a high-efficiency potato harvester comprises a frame 1 provided with a top plate 11, and is characterized in that: an airflow generating device 2 is arranged on a top plate 11, a frame 1 in the device can be arranged to be n-shaped, the thickness of the top plate 11 can be 10-15 cm, a groove p is arranged on the top plate, the airflow generating device 2 is arranged in the groove p, a push plate device 3 is arranged below the airflow generating device 2, the push plate device 3 comprises a driving shaft 31, one side of the driving shaft 31 is connected with a motor A through a coupler A1, a driving wheel 12 is further arranged on the driving shaft 31, the motor A in the device is fixedly arranged on the frame 1, the driving shaft 31 is connected with the driving wheel 12 in a key and key groove matching mode, the driving wheel 12 is connected with an earth cleaning device 4 through a first transmission chain a, a screening device 5 is arranged at the front end of the earth cleaning device 4, a material receiving device 6 is arranged below the screening device 5, the material receiving device 6 in the device can be arranged on a bearing plate welded below, a handle can be arranged on one side of the material receiving device 6 to facilitate taking out, a discharge port 13 is arranged on one side of the material receiving device 6, a push rod 14 is arranged at the upper end of the discharge port 13, the horizontal width of the discharge port 13 in the device is set to be 85% -95% of the width W of the rack 1, the height of the feed port can be set to be 75% -85% of the height H of the rack 1, the push rod 14 is welded on the rack 1, a wheel device 7 is further arranged below the material receiving device 6, the wheel device 7 is connected with the soil cleaning device 4 through a second transmission chain b, and a scraper device 8 is further arranged; the device is characterized in that a pressing plate 15 is arranged above the airflow generating device 2, the pressing plate 15 is connected with an expansion link 18 of an air cylinder 17 through a connecting rod 16, a feeding hole 19 is formed below the expansion link 18, a shovel plate device 9 is arranged on the feeding hole 19, in the device, the pressing plate 15 is fixedly connected with the airflow generating device, the pressing plate 15 and the connecting rod 16 are made of light rubber or plastic, the connecting mode between the connecting rod 16 and the expansion link 18 is a bonding mode, the air cylinder 17 is fixedly arranged above the top plate 11, and in addition, the size of the feeding hole 19 is consistent with that of the discharging hole 13.

Specifically speaking, the airflow generating device 2 includes a telescopic sealed air chamber 21 fixedly mounted on the top plate 11, the sealed air chamber 21 in the device is made of a hose with good sealing performance, the lower part of the sealed air chamber 21 is set to be in an open state, the periphery of the open state is adhered to the bottom surface of the groove p of the top plate, the lower end of the sealed air chamber 21 is provided with a plurality of first air outlets 22, the first air outlets 22 vertically penetrate through the lower surface of the top plate 11, as further described in fig. 2, the first air outlets 22 are arranged on the top plate 11, and the diameter of the first air outlets 22 can be set to be 3-5 cm.

Further, push pedal device 3 includes the driven shaft 33 that links to each other through belt 32 and driving shaft 31, be provided with a plurality of push pedals 34 on the belt 32, be provided with a plurality of second ventholes 35 on the belt 32 between the push pedal 34, in this device, the interval between the central axis of driving shaft 31 and the central axis of driven shaft 33 sets up 85% ~ 95% of frame length L, push pedal 34 adopts the soft rubber preparation, and push pedal 34 bonds on the surface of belt 32, distance between the double-phase adjacent push pedal 34 can set up to 15 ~ 20cm, one side of the front end of push pedal 34 and potato contact can set up the arcwall face, avoid sharp edge scratch potato, in addition, the diameter of second venthole 35 in this device can set up to 5 ~ 15 cm.

Specifically, the soil cleaning device 4 comprises a first gear 41 connected with a driving wheel 12 through a first transmission chain a, the first gear 41 is fixedly arranged on one side of a worm 42, a second gear 43 is arranged on the other side of the worm 42, basic parameters of the driving wheel 12 and the first gear 41 in the device can be set to be consistent, in addition, key and key slot modes are adopted for the first gear 41, the worm 42, the second gear 43 and the worm 42, a first gear 42a is further arranged on the worm 42, a mounting rack 45 with a sloping plate 44 is arranged above the first gear 42a, a plurality of cleaning shafts 46 are movably arranged on the mounting rack 45, a soft brush 47 is arranged on each cleaning shaft 46, a third gear 48 meshed with the first gear 42a is further arranged on one side of the cleaning shafts 46, the mounting rack 45 in the device can be in a rectangular frame shape, the sloping plate 44 is welded on one end of the mounting rack 45, and the inclination angle of swash plate 44 can set up to 30 ~ 45, clearance axle 46 adopts bearing movable mounting on mounting bracket 45, the number that clearance axle 46 can be according to the average setting of width of mounting bracket 45, the soft material preparation of fibre class can be adopted to the pappus brush 47, the pappus brush 47 can the adhesion on the anchor ring of clearance axle 46, third gear 48 utilizes to build and installs in one side of clearance axle 46 with the mode (or the welding mode) of keyway, and third gear 48 sets up under swash plate 44.

Further, the screening device 5 comprises a screening frame 51 connected with the mounting frame 45, a plurality of separating rods 52 are fixedly arranged on the screening frame 51, the screening frame 51 and the mounting frame 45 are connected in a welding mode in the device, the screening frame 51 can also be set to be in a rectangular frame shape, the separating rods 52 are welded on the screening frame 51, the screening frame 51 is uniformly divided into a plurality of areas with equal area by the separating rods 52, a step rod assembly J with the diameter gradually reduced from the soil cleaning device 4 to the screening device 5 is arranged between the separating rods 52, the step rod assembly J comprises a left support rod J1 and a right support rod J2, the distance between the left support rod J1 and the right support rod J2 is gradually increased from the soil cleaning device 4 to the screening device 5, the step rod assembly J in the device is arranged in the area divided by the separating rods 52, the left support rod J1 and the right support rod J2 are arranged on the screening frame 51, the installation mode can adopt a movable connection or a fixed connection mode, in the moving mode, a spring is arranged in the middle of the left support rod J1 and the right support rod J, clamping blocks are arranged at two ends of the left support rod J1, clamping grooves are arranged on the screening frame 51, the left support rod J1 and the right support rod J can be freely set according to requirements by utilizing the detachable connection of the spring, the clamping blocks and the clamping grooves, and in addition, the structures and the sizes of the left support rod J1 and the right support rod J are kept consistent.

Further, the material receiving device 6 comprises a material receiving box 61 arranged right below the screening frame 51, slide rails 62 are arranged on two sides of the material receiving box 61, a cylindrical groove 62a is arranged at the tail end of the slide rail 62, a screw running groove 63 is further arranged on one side of the slide rail 62, a partition plate assembly G is arranged in the screw running groove 63 through a locking screw 64, the material receiving box 61 in the device is arranged right below the screening frame 51, the size of the material receiving box 61 is consistent with that of the screening frame 51, the partition plate assembly G is arranged in the material receiving box 61, the central axes of the partition plate assembly G and the partition rod 52 are mutually vertical, the width of the slide rail 62 is set to be 50% -60% of the thickness of the box body of the material receiving box 61, the depth of the slide rail 62 can be set to be 70% -80% of the depth of the material receiving box 61, the diameter of the cylindrical groove 62a can be, the depth of the screw running groove 63 can be set to be 3-5 cm, and the locking screw 64 is matched with the screw running groove 63.

Furthermore, the partition plate assembly G comprises a sliding block G1 matched with the sliding rail 62, a ball G2 matched with the cylindrical groove 62a is arranged at the front end of the sliding block G1, a fixing plate G3 is arranged at the tail end of the sliding block G1, a partition plate G4 is arranged on the fixing plate G3, the sliding block G1 and the sliding rail 62 in the device are in clearance fit, a partition plate G4 is welded on a fixing plate G3, the thickness of the fixing plate G3 can be set to be 5-10 cm, in addition, the length L1 of the partition plate G4 is kept consistent with the length L2 of the inner cavity of the material receiving box 61, the length of the fixing plate G3 is kept consistent with the width of the material receiving box 61, and can be set to be 110% -120%.

Specifically, the wheel device 7 includes a plurality of wheel assemblies 7a mounted at the lower end of the frame 1, and the wheel assemblies 7a are connected through a third transmission chain 71, the wheel assemblies 7a include wheel shafts 72 movably mounted on the frame 1, the wheel shafts 72 are mounted with fourth gears 73 connected with the second gears 43 through a second transmission chain b, and wheels 74 with identical structures are further disposed on both sides of the wheel shafts 72, in the device, the wheel shafts 72 are movably mounted on the frame 1 through bearings, and the fourth gears 73 and the wheel shafts 72 are fixedly mounted through welding (or key and keyway matching).

Further, the scraper device 8 comprises a cross rod 81 fixedly installed on the frame 1, scrapers 82 with the same structure are arranged at two ends of the cross rod 81, the side faces of the scrapers 82 are tangent to the third transmission chain 71, in the scraper device, the cross rod 81 is welded on the frame 1, the scrapers 82 are bonded at two ends of the cross rod 81, the scrapers 82 are made of soft rubber, mud on the third transmission chain 71 can be scraped, and the scrapers 82 can be prevented from being worn and replaced frequently.

Specifically speaking, shovel board device 9 includes fixed mounting in the articulated post 91 of feed inlet 19, articulated on the articulated post 91 have shovel 92, be provided with a plurality of husky mouths of hourglass 93 on the shovel 92, husky mouth of hourglass 93 both sides are provided with anti-falling board 94, shovel 92 front end still is provided with arc shovel 95, and in this device, articulated post 91 welds in frame 1, and shovel 92's thickness can set up to 10 ~ 15cm, and husky mouth of hourglass 93 sets up on shovel 92, and anti-falling board 94 welds in shovel 92's both sides.

The working principle is as follows: loosening the locking screw 64, pushing the partition plate G4, dividing the receiving box 61 into proper sizes, placing the product in the ground, turning on the motor A, driving the driving shaft 31 to rotate by the motor A, driving the belt 32 to rotate, driving the push plate 34 to push the potatoes from the soil cleaning device 4 to the screening device 5, enabling the potatoes to be respectively arranged in the receiving boxes 61 divided by the partition plate G4 according to different sizes due to the arrangement of the space between the left support rod J1 and the right support rod J2, completing the cleaning and screening of the potatoes, driving the driving wheel 12 arranged on the driving shaft 31 to drive the first gear 41 to rotate through the first transmission chain a in the process that the push plate 34 pushes the potatoes, driving the worm 42 to rotate, driving the third gear 48 meshed with the worm 42 to rotate, driving the cleaning shaft 46 to rotate, enabling the soft brush 47 arranged on the cleaning shaft 46 to rub the soil on the potatoes, completing the cleaning of the soil on the potatoes, meanwhile, the second gear 43 installed on the worm 42 rotates, the second gear 43 drives the fourth gear 73 to rotate through the second transmission chain b, the wheel device 7 is further driven to move forward, meanwhile, the scraper 82 installed on one side of the wheel device 7 further removes soil of the third transmission chain 71, during the moving forward process, the shovel plate 92 digs potatoes in the ground and digs the potatoes together with the soil, meanwhile, the cylinder 17 is driven by an external hydraulic device, the telescopic rod 18 moves up and down, when the telescopic rod 18 moves down, the shovel plate 92 is pressed, the shovel plate 92 moves up, when the shovel plate 92 is pressed to the limit position, the potatoes on the shovel plate 92 fall onto the inclined plate 44 under the action of gravity and further fall onto the cleaning shaft 46, when the cylinder 17 moves down, the pressing plate 15 moves down, so that the volume of the sealed air chamber 21 is reduced, and the air pressure is increased, the air current blows off the air current from first venthole 22, and the air current is used for push pedal device 3, and second venthole 35 is used for again at earth cleaning device 4, blows off earth and plant residue on push pedal device 3 and the earth cleaning device 4, and when cylinder 17 moved upwards, sealed gas storehouse 21 volume increases once more.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Although the machine frame 1, the top plate 11, the driving wheel 12, the discharge port 13, the push rod 14, the press plate 15, the connecting rod 16, the air cylinder 17, the telescopic rod 18, the feed port 19, the coupling a1, the motor a, the first transmission chain a, the second transmission chain b, the air current generating device 2, the sealed air chamber 21, the first air outlet 22, the push plate device 3, the driving shaft 31, the belt 32, the driven shaft 33, the push plate 34, the second air outlet 35, the soil cleaning device 4, the first gear 41, the worm 42, the first gear 42a, the second gear 43, the inclined plate 44, the mounting frame 45, the cleaning shaft 46, the soft brush 47, the third gear 48, the screening device 5, the screening frame 51, the separating rod 52, the step rod assembly J, the left support rod J1, the right support rod J2, the material collecting device 6, the material collecting box 61, the slide rail 62, the cylindrical groove 62a, the screw operation groove 63, the locking screw 64, the partition, The terms of the sliding block G1, the ball G2, the fixing plate G3, the partition plate G4, the wheel device 7, the wheel assembly 7a, the third transmission chain 71, the wheel shaft 72, the fourth gear 73, the wheel 74, the scraper device 8, the cross bar 81, the scraper 82, the scraper device 9, the hinge column 91, the scraper 92, the sand leakage opening 93, the anti-falling plate 94, the arc-shaped scraper 95 and the like do not exclude the possibility of using other terms. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention and they are to be interpreted as any additional limitation which is not in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high efficiency potato harvester comprising a frame (1) provided with a top plate (11), characterized in that: the device is characterized in that an airflow generating device (2) is arranged on the top plate (11), a push plate device (3) is arranged below the airflow generating device (2), the push plate device (3) comprises a driving shaft (31), one side of the driving shaft (31) is connected with a motor (A) through a shaft coupling (A1), the driving shaft (31) is further provided with a driving wheel (12), the driving wheel (12) is connected with an earth cleaning device (4) through a first transmission chain (a), the front end of the earth cleaning device (4) is provided with a screening device (5), a material receiving device (6) is arranged below the screening device (5), a discharge hole (13) is arranged on one side of the material receiving device (6), a push rod (14) is arranged at the upper end of the discharge hole (13), and a wheel device (7) is arranged below the material receiving device (6), the wheel device (7) is connected with the soil cleaning device (4) through a second transmission chain (b), and one side of the wheel device (7) is also provided with a scraper device (8); the air flow generating device is characterized in that a pressing plate (15) is arranged above the air flow generating device (2), the pressing plate (15) is connected with a telescopic rod (18) of an air cylinder (17) through a connecting rod (16), a feeding hole (19) is formed in the lower portion of the telescopic rod (18), and a shovel plate device (9) is arranged on the feeding hole (19).

2. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 1, further comprising: the airflow generating device (2) comprises a telescopic sealed air bin (21) fixedly mounted on the top plate (11), a plurality of first air outlet holes (22) are formed in the lower end of the sealed air bin (21), and the first air outlet holes (22) vertically penetrate through the lower surface of the top plate (11).

3. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 2, further comprising: the push plate device (3) comprises a driven shaft (33) connected with the driving shaft (31) through a belt (32), a plurality of push plates (34) are arranged on the belt (32), and a plurality of second air outlet holes (35) are formed in the belt (32) between the push plates (34).

4. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 1, further comprising: earth cleaning device (4) include and pass through first drive chain (a) with drive wheel (12) first gear (41) that link to each other, just first gear (41) fixed mounting in worm (42) one side, worm (42) opposite side be provided with second gear (43), worm (42) on still be provided with first teeth of a cogwheel (42 a), first teeth of a cogwheel (42 a) top be equipped with mounting bracket (45) of taking swash plate (44), mounting bracket (45) on movable mounting have a plurality of clearance axles (46), every clearance axle (46) on all be equipped with soft brush (47), clearance axle (46) one side still install with first teeth of a cogwheel (42 a) intermeshing's third gear (48).

5. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 4, further comprising: sieving mechanism (5) include with mounting bracket (45) screening frame (51) that link to each other, screening frame (51) on adorn a plurality of spacer bars (52) admittedly, spacer bar (52) between be provided with ladder pole subassembly (J) that reduces gradually from earth cleaning device (4) to sieving mechanism (5) direction diameter, ladder pole subassembly (J) include left branch pole (J1) and right branch pole (J2), and from earth cleaning device (4) to the distance crescent between sieving mechanism (5) direction left branch pole (J1) and right branch pole (J2).

6. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 5, further comprising: the material receiving device (6) comprises a material receiving box (61) arranged right below the screening frame (51), slide rails (62) are arranged on two sides of the material receiving box (61), a cylindrical groove (62 a) is formed in the tail end of each slide rail (62), a screw running groove (63) is further formed in one side of each slide rail (62), and a partition plate assembly (G) is installed in each screw running groove (63) through a locking screw (64).

7. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 6, further comprising: the partition plate assembly (G) comprises a sliding block (G1) matched with the sliding rail (62), the front end of the sliding block (G1) is provided with a ball body (G2) matched with the cylindrical groove (62 a), the tail end of the sliding block (G1) is provided with a fixing plate (G3), and a partition plate (G4) is arranged on the fixing plate (G3).

8. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 4, further comprising: the wheel device (7) comprises a plurality of wheel assemblies (7 a) arranged at the lower end of the rack (1), the wheel assemblies (7 a) are connected through a third transmission chain (71), each wheel assembly (7 a) comprises a wheel shaft (72) movably arranged on the rack (1), a fourth gear (73) connected with the second gear (43) through the second transmission chain (b) is arranged on each wheel shaft (72), and wheels (74) with the same structure are arranged on two sides of each wheel shaft (72).

9. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 8, further comprising: scraper device (8) including fixed mounting in frame (1) on horizontal pole (81), horizontal pole (81) both ends be provided with structure unanimous scraper (82), just scraper (82) side with third driving chain (71) tangent.

10. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 1, further comprising: shovel board device (9) including fixed mounting in articulated post (91) of feed inlet (19), articulated post (91) on articulated have shovel board (92), shovel board (92) on be provided with a plurality of husky mouths of hourglass (93), hourglass husky mouth (93) both sides be provided with and prevent falling board (94), shovel board (92) front end still be provided with arc shovel (95).