CN110676869B - Method for determining distribution points of newly-increased black start unit - Google Patents
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
A method for determining the layout of a newly-added black-start unit provides a quantitative calculation means for determining the layout of the black-start unit, so that the layout selection is more scientific and reasonable. The method provides an index of the hardness strength of the power grid to evaluate the influence of the black start unit and the grid structure on the capability of the power grid to recover to the original state after large disturbance occurs, and provides a means for quantitatively analyzing the benefit of the new black start unit. The method for determining the distribution of the new blacking start unit considers economic factors, namely the factors of different investments needed by the new blacking start unit at different sites, so that the calculation result is more reasonable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to a method for determining the distribution point of a newly blackened starting unit.
Background
With the rapid development of the economic society, the installed capacity and the load of the power system are continuously new and high; and the ultra-high voltage alternating current and direct current transmission is rapidly developed, large-scale wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and micro-grid are connected to a power grid in a large quantity, the dynamic characteristics of the whole power system are greatly changed, and the operating point of the power system is closer to the stable limit point of the power system. In such cases, the risk of a major power outage in the system due to a power failure or improper operation is increasing. For example, in 14 days 8 and 8 months in 2003, the most serious power failure accident in north america historically occurs, the power failure accident reaches many areas in the united states and canada, the load loss is 61.8GW, the number of affected people is 5000 ten thousand, and the occurrence reason is that short-circuit fault processing of a 345kV power transmission line is improper, so that the power flow is transferred in a large range, multiple power transmission lines are tripped in a chain manner due to overload, and finally a major power failure accident occurs; in the 11/4 th year in 2006, a major power failure accident occurs in the European interconnected power grid, the common loss load of Germany, french, ideology and the like is about 1600 ten thousand kW,1500 general households are affected, and the reason of the power failure accident is that due to the fact that the system trend is transferred in a large range, equipment of weak links of the power grid is successively pushed out to operate; in 11/10 days in 2009, a major power failure accident occurs in brazil and Paraguay power grids, which causes the tripping of three 750kV lines, two +/-600 kV direct current lines are locked, the brazil power grid loses about 1700 ten thousand kW of power, the power failure range reaches 12 states in Pascal and most areas of the neighbor country, 5000 to 6000 million people are affected, and the accident is a typical transient power angle instability accident caused by the power grid failure; 7, 30 days and 31 days in 2012, two large-area power failure accidents continuously occur in northern and eastern regions of India, more than half of homeland is covered, the life of 6 hundred million people is directly influenced, the two accidents both originate from the tripping of 400kV connecting line circuits of northern and western power grids, and then the resulting cascading failure finally causes the breakdown of the power grids. The national blackout occurs again in the 21 rd ba west 3 months in 2018, the influence range comprises at least 14 states in the north and the northeast, the loss load is about 18000MW, and about one fourth of the users in the country are powered off.
After a power system has a major power failure accident, economic and social influences brought by the power system have great relevance to power failure time, and the longer the power failure time is, the greater the system recovery difficulty is, and the greater the loss is. The recovery process after the power failure accident of the system comprises three stages of black start, net rack recovery and load recovery, wherein the black start stage is the basis of the whole recovery process, and the importance of the black start stage is self-evident. In the black start phase, the number and distribution of black start units are very important influencing factors. The proper black start unit distribution can greatly accelerate the recovery process in the black start stage, thereby shortening the system recovery time.
In order to improve the recovery speed of the system after a power failure accident, a black start unit is required to be additionally arranged in the system, the research on new black start distribution is still in a starting stage, the distribution of the new black start unit is mostly determined by depending on the operation experience, and a quantitative analysis means and a quantitative analysis method are lacked. Therefore, research needs to be carried out on the distribution point for determining the newly added black start unit, and a quantitative analysis method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the technology, the invention provides a method for determining the distribution points of the newly increased black start unit by providing a quantitative analysis means for the distribution points of the newly increased black start unit and realizing the maximization of the benefit of the distribution points of the newly increased black start unit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for overcoming the technical problems is as follows:
a method for determining the distribution point of a newly-added black start unit comprises the following steps:
a) Analyzing the network structure of the power grid, acquiring the power plants of all available black start units in the system, the number and the capacity of the available black start units contained in the power plants and the starting sequence of each black start unit, and establishing a weighted network connection matrix M corresponding to the system according to the acquired data, wherein the weighted network connection matrix M is used for establishing the weighted network connection matrix M corresponding to the system
b) Calculating the strength Str of the network before the newly-added black start unit 1 ；
c) Determining the positions of the sites capable of adding the black start unit to form a candidate Set _ G, wherein the Set _ G comprises G sites, and respectively calculating the strength Str of the new black start unit at different sites 21 ,Str 22 ,....,Str 2g ；
d) By the formula Δ Str 2i ＝ΔStr 2i -Str 1 I =1,2, g calculates the change quantity delta Str of the grid strength after the unit is started by blacking at different stations 2i ；
e) Making statistics on the investment C1, C2, … and Cg of a new blacking start unit in G stations in the candidate Set _ G;
f) According to the formula
i =1,2,.. G, calculating the variation quantity delta Str of the grid stiffness 2i Corresponding investment C i The ratio of (a) to (b).
In step b)
Wherein
Wherein P is black ＝∑P i ，P∈U black Wherein
Wherein
t =1,2, a
In the formula of U black For the set of systems including all power plants with black start units, P i Is U black The sum of weighted capacities of all black start units in the ith power plant, wherein m is U black Number of black start units, P, in the ith power plant ij Is U black Capacity of jth black start unit in ith power plant, S j Is U black The starting coefficient of the jth black start unit in the ith power plant, t is the starting sequence of the jth black start unit, P black The weighted capacity sums for all black start units in the system,
is P black Per unit value of S B For a selected reference capacity, net is the average length of all lines included in the network, sum (M) is the sum of all elements in the weighted network connection matrix M, and L is the number of elements in the matrix M that are not 0.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a quantitative calculation means is provided for determining the stationing of the black start unit, so that the stationing selection is more scientific and reasonable. The method provides an index of the hardness strength of the power grid to evaluate the influence of the black start unit and the grid structure on the capability of recovering to the original state after the power grid is greatly disturbed, and provides a means for quantitatively analyzing the benefit of the new black start unit. The method for determining the distribution of the new blacking start unit considers economic factors, namely the factor that investment required by the new blacking start unit at different stations is different, so that the calculation result is more reasonable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of an IEEE30 node system architecture.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
A method for determining the distribution point of a newly-added black start unit comprises the following steps:
a) Analyzing the network structure of the power grid, acquiring the power plants of all available black start units in the system, the number and the capacity of the available black start units contained in the power plants and the starting sequence of each black start unit, and establishing a weighted network connection matrix M corresponding to the system according to the acquired data, wherein the weighted network connection matrix M is used for establishing the weighted network connection matrix M corresponding to the system
b) Calculating the strength Str of the network before the newly-added black start unit 1 The robustness of a network is defined as the ability to recover quickly after a network attackThe ability to resume an initial run state. In the case of a power system, the strength means that the power system can be quickly restored to the initial state after a large-scale power failure accident. After a large-scale power failure occurs to the power system, the process of recovering the power system to the initial state comprises three stages: black start, net rack reconstruction and load recovery. And the black start stage is to provide starting power for other units and recover part of important loads after the unit with the black start capability is quickly started. The capacity of the black-start unit represents the capability of the system in the initial recovery stage, and the larger the capacity of the black-start unit is, the stronger the recovery capability is represented, and the higher the robustness of the system is. The system recovery process is essentially a process of timely re-transmitting electric power from the black-start unit to the rest stations in the system, the structure of the whole system is compact, the difficulty of power supply re-recovery is smaller, and the robustness of the system is higher.
c) Determining the positions of the sites capable of adding the black start unit to form a candidate Set _ G, wherein the Set _ G comprises G sites, and respectively calculating the strength Str of the newly added black start unit at different sites 21 ,Str 22 ,....,Str 2g 。
d) By the formula Δ Str 2i ＝ΔStr 2i -Str 1 I =1,2, g calculates the change quantity delta Str of the grid strength after the unit is started by blacking at different stations 2i 。
e) And (4) making statistics on the investment C1, C2, …, cg of a new blacking start unit in G stations in the candidate Set _ G.
f) According to the formula
i =1,2,.. G, calculating the variation quantity delta Str of the grid stiffness 2i Corresponding investment C i The ratio of (a) to (b). And the maximum ratio is the optimal black start unit distribution point. A quantitative calculation means is provided for determining the stationing of the black start unit, so that stationing selection is more scientific and reasonable. Providing an index of the hardness strength of the power grid to evaluate the influence of the black start unit and the grid structure on the capability of recovering to the original state after the power grid is greatly disturbed, and carrying out quantitative analysis on the new black startThe benefits of the unit provide a means. The method for determining the distribution of the new blacking start unit considers economic factors, namely the factor that investment required by the new blacking start unit at different stations is different, so that the calculation result is more reasonable.
Preferably, in step b)
Wherein
Wherein P is black ＝∑P i ，P∈U black Wherein
Wherein
t =1,2
In the formula of U black For the set of systems including all power plants with black start units, P i Is U black The weighted capacity sum of all black start units in the ith power plant, wherein m is U black Number of black start units, P, in the ith power plant ij Is U black Capacity of jth black start unit in ith power plant, S j Is U black The starting coefficient of the jth black start unit in the ith power plant, t is the starting sequence of the jth black start unit, and P black The weighted capacity sums for all black start units in the system,
is P black Per unit value of (S) B For a selected reference capacity, net is the average length of all lines included in the network, sum (M) is the sum of all elements in the weighted network connection matrix M, and L is the number of elements in the matrix M that are not 0.
The following describes a calculation flow considering the power grid resilience in the black start process by taking the modified IEEE30 node system as an example, and the structure diagram of the modified IEEE30 node system is shown in fig. 2. Wherein the power plant located at node 1 comprises 3 black start units, and the power plant located at node 25 comprises 2 black start units, and the unit capacities and corresponding unit start sequences are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Black Start Unit Capacity and Start sequence
The modified IEEE30 node system includes 41 lines in total, and the line reactance thereof is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2IEEE30 System line parameters
According to the provided method for calculating the power grid resilience considering the black start process, the specific steps of calculating the power grid resilience of the IEEE30 node system after a blackout accident occur are as follows:
1. analyzing the network structure of the power grid, acquiring data used for calculation, and establishing a weighted network connection matrix M corresponding to the system, wherein the connection matrix M corresponding to the system is in the following form.
In the formula, for an arbitrary element M ij And M ji In the presence of M ij ＝M ji . Calculating line l ij Per unit value x of line reactance of ij Time, reference value S B Is taken as 100MVA, U B And taking the standard voltage of each voltage class.
In the modified IEEE30 node system, the power plant including the black start unit at node 1 and node 25 is shown in table 1, and the corresponding unit capacity and start priority are shown in table 1. The units in the power plants on the nodes 2,13,22,23 and 27 have no self-starting capability and are the units to be recovered. The voltage class of the IEEE30 node system is 220kV.
By analyzing the IEEE30 node system, various data required in the calculation process can be acquired, as shown in tables 1 and 2. And establishing a connection matrix M corresponding to the IEEE30 node system according to the topological structure of the IEEE30 node system and the per unit value of each line reactance.
2. Calculating the strength Str of the network before the newly-added black start unit 1 。
Weighted sum of black start units in power plant on node 1 as
Weighted sum of black start units in a power plant on node 25
Thus, the weighted capacity sum P of all available black start units in each power plant in the system black As follows
P black ＝153.33
P black Corresponding per unit value of
Since the IEEE30 node system has 41 lines in common, the number of elements other than 0 in the network weight matrix M is 82, that is, L =82. The sum of all elements other than 0 in M is shown by the following formula
sum(M)＝16.438
Therefore, the power grid strength index before the new blackout start distribution can be defined as
3. In this example, due to the technical condition limitation, a black-start unit distribution point cannot be added to a common load site, so a site Set _ G = {2,13,22,23,27} of the black-start unit distribution point can be added to the IEEE30 node system. The capacity and corresponding investment of the newly added black start unit at different nodes are shown in the following table.
| Serial number | Node point | Newly-increased black start machine set capacity (MW) | Investment C (Yi Yuan) |
| 1 | 2 | 40 | 3.1498 |
| 2 | 13 | 35 | 3.1156 |
| 3 | 22 | 40 | 2.8137 |
| 4 | 23 | 45 | 3.4544 |
| 5 | 27 | 50 | 4.3795 |
After the new blacking of different stations in Set _ G starts the distribution of the units, the grid robustness is shown in the following table
5. Calculating the change of the power grid strength after the new blacking start unit distribution at different sites in Set _ G, as shown in the table above, the ratio Pri of the change quantity delta Str of the power grid strength to the corresponding investment C is shown in the table below
As can be seen from the above table, the Pri value corresponding to the newly blackened starting unit at the node 22 is the maximum, that is, the optimal distribution point of the newly blackened starting unit is obtained.
Claims (1)
1. A method for determining the point distribution of a newly-added black start unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) Analyzing the network structure of the power grid, acquiring the power plants of all available black start units in the system, the number and the capacity of the available black start units contained in the power plants and the starting sequence of each black start unit, and establishing a weighting network connection matrix M corresponding to the system according to the acquired data, wherein the weighting network connection matrix M is a matrix for the weighted black start units
b) Calculating the strength Str of the network before the newly-added black start unit 1 ；
c) Determining the positions of the sites capable of adding the black start unit to form a candidate Set _ G, wherein the Set _ G comprises G sites, and respectively calculating the strength Str of the new black start unit at different sites 21 ,Str 22 ,..., Str 2g ；
d) By the formula Δ Str 2i ＝ΔStr 2i -Str 1 I =1,2, g calculates the change quantity delta Str of the grid strength after the unit is started by blacking at different stations 2i ；
e) Making statistics on the investment C1, C2, … and Cg of a new blacking start unit in G stations in the candidate Set _ G;
f) According to the formula
Calculating variable quantity delta Str of power grid strength 2i Corresponding investment C i The maximum ratio is the optimal black start unit distribution point;
in step b)
Wherein
Wherein P is black ＝∑P i ，P∈U black Wherein
Wherein
Wherein
In the formula of U black For the set of systems including all power plants with black start units, P i Is U black The weighted capacity sum of all black start units in the ith power plant, wherein m is U black Number of black start units, P, in the ith power plant ij Is U black Capacity of jth black start unit in ith power plant, S j Is U black The starting coefficient of the jth black start unit in the ith power plant, t is the starting sequence of the jth black start unit, P black The weighted capacity sums for all black start units in the system,
is P black Per unit value of S B For a selected reference capacity, net is the average length of all lines included in the network, sum (M) is the sum of all elements in the weighted network connection matrix M, and L is the number of elements in the matrix M that are not 0.
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