CN110675099A - Port logistics traceability system and method based on block chain technology - Google Patents
Port logistics traceability system and method based on block chain technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a port logistics traceability system and method based on a block chain technology, and the system comprises a block chain, an NFC chip and a code scanner, wherein the NFC chip is embedded at the outer wall of a box door of a logistics container and is used for storing logistics traceability information, the NFC chip comprises a read-write module, a product self information module, a product delivery information module and a product traceability information module, the read-write module is used for writing the logistics traceability information into the NFC chip and outputting the logistics traceability information through the NFC chip, and the product self information module is used for storing the traceability information of logistics product data. According to the port logistics traceability system and method based on the block chain technology, the NFC chip is arranged to record the logistics traceability information, the integrity of the logistics information record is ensured, the logistics traceability information is recorded based on the block chain, the logistics traceability information is prevented from being lost, and meanwhile, the logistics traceability information is convenient to inquire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of block chains, in particular to a port logistics traceability system and a port logistics traceability method based on a block chain technology.
Background
With the rapid development of internet technology and the increasing popularization of information technology, the technologies and applications of mobile internet, internet finance, internet of things and the like are rapidly developed like bamboo shoots in spring after rain, and unprecedented convenience is provided for the work and life of people. For the logistics industry, due to the fact that the data volume in the logistics industry is huge, the logistics information program is complicated, the traceability information in the logistics industry is easy to lose, and the traceability information of logistics is difficult to trace. In view of this, we propose a port logistics traceability system and method based on block chain technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a port logistics traceability system and a port logistics traceability method based on a block chain technology, and aims to solve the problems that the data volume in the logistics industry is huge, the logistics information procedure is complicated, the traceability information in the logistics industry is easily lost, and the logistics traceability information is difficult to trace in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above object, on one hand, the invention provides a port logistics traceability system based on a block chain technology, which comprises a block chain, an NFC chip and a code scanner, wherein the NFC chip is embedded in the outer wall of a box door of a logistics container, the NFC chip is used for storing logistics traceability information, the NFC chip comprises a read-write module, a product self information module, a product delivery information module and a product traceability information module, the read-write module is used for writing the logistics traceability information into the NFC chip and outputting the logistics traceability information through the NFC chip, the product self information module is used for storing traceability information of logistics product data, the product delivery information module is used for storing delivery traceability information of logistics products, and the product traceability information module is used for storing product traceability information query records.
Preferably, the read-write module includes a write-in information module and a read-out information module, the write-in information module is configured to write logistics traceability information into the NFC chip, and the read-out information module is configured to output the written logistics traceability information.
Preferably, the bar code scanner comprises a power module, an information processing module, a communication module and a data sending module, wherein the power module is used for providing a proper working power supply for the bar code scanner to work, the information processing module is used for analyzing the traceability information stored in the NFC chip, the communication module is used for transmitting the analyzed traceability information, and the data sending module is used for uploading the analyzed traceability information.
Preferably, the information processing module includes a decoding module and a verification module, the decoding module is configured to decode the NFC chip and read the internal tracing information of the NFC chip, and the verification module is configured to verify whether the output data and the received data are consistent.
Preferably, a communication module is further arranged in the data transmission module and used for directly leading the information identified by the code scanner to the PC.
As preferred, the block chain includes interface module, data acquisition module, information storage module, information display module and database, interface module is used for realizing the connection of peripheral hardware and block chain, the data acquisition module is used for tracing to the source information to physics and gathering, the information storage module is used for keeping the physics information of tracing to the source of gathering, the information display module is used for showing the physics information of tracing to the source of gathering, the database is used for storing the physics information of tracing to the source.
Preferably, the interface module includes a URL module, a WebService module, and a PC-side interface module, where the URL module is used to obtain the physical source-tracing data resource location from the internet, the WebService module is used to develop a distributed interoperation application program, and the PC-side interface module is used to connect a PC side to obtain data.
Preferably, the database comprises an information classification module, an information import module, an information comparison module and an information export module, the information classification module is used for classifying and storing the physical traceability information, the information import module is used for importing the physical traceability information identified by the code scanner in the NFC chip, the information comparison module is used for comparing the imported physical traceability information with the physical traceability information stored in the database, and the information export module is used for exporting the comparison result of the physical traceability information.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a harbor logistics traceability method based on the block chain technology, which comprises the harbor logistics traceability system based on the block chain technology, and the operation steps are as follows:
s1, establishing a block chain database: importing the traceability information inside the NFC chip into a block chain through an interface module, and installing the type classification of the traceability information and storing the type classification of the traceability information into a database through an information classification module;
s2, recognizing NFC chip information: identifying the tracing information inside the NFC chip through a decoding module of the code scanner, and ensuring the sending accuracy of the tracing information through a verification module;
s3, source tracing information comparison: the internal logistics traceability information of the NFC chip identified by the code scanner is imported through the information import module, the imported logistics traceability information is compared with the physical traceability information stored in the database, and a logistics traceability information comparison result is exported through the information export module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the port logistics traceability system and method based on the block chain technology, the NFC chip is arranged to record traceability information of logistics, meanwhile, the NFC chip is not prone to damage and can permanently record logistics traceability information, reading and writing can be conducted in the NFC chip, logistics can be recorded and inquired at any time, and integrity of logistics information recording is guaranteed.
2. According to the port logistics traceability system and method based on the block chain technology, logistics traceability information stored in an NFC chip is scanned and read through a code scanner, and real-time query of the traceability information is facilitated.
3. According to the port logistics traceability system and method based on the block chain technology, the logistics traceability information is recorded based on the block chain, the logistics traceability information is prevented from being lost, and meanwhile, the logistics traceability information is convenient to query.
4. According to the port logistics traceability system and method based on the block chain technology, the logistics traceability information is stored based on the database, and meanwhile, the scanned logistics traceability information can be compared with the information stored in the database, so that the feedback of the logistics information is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an NFC chip mounting structure according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of the inside of the NFC chip according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a read/write module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the internal components of the scanner of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an information processing module according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission module according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the block chain according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an interface module of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal modules of the database according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the communication module of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the data transmission module of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the power module of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the communication module of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a port logistics traceability system based on a block chain technology, which comprises a block chain, an NFC chip and a code scanner, wherein the NFC chip is embedded in the outer wall of a box door of a logistics container and is used for storing logistics traceability information, the NFC chip comprises a read-write module, a product self information module, a product delivery information module and a product traceability information module, the read-write module is used for writing the logistics traceability information into the NFC chip and outputting the logistics traceability information through the NFC chip, the product self information module is used for storing the traceability information of logistics product data, the product delivery information module is used for storing the delivery traceability information of logistics products, and the product traceability information module is used for storing product traceability information query records.
In this embodiment, when the read/write device requests to write in the product information module area, if it is determined by the IC that the product information module area can be written in, the data is written in the product information module area. Meanwhile, the Hash (product self information module), namely the data encrypted by the Hash encryption function, is written into a manufacturer database system. The information of the product self information module area comprises identity information, timestamp information, signature and summary information, public key interfaces, block chain addresses and other information of the product, and the identity information, the timestamp information, the signature and summary information, the public key interfaces, the block chain addresses and the like are defined by a manufacturer, and each identity information is ensured to be unique. The information of the information module area of the product can not be directly read, and the information needs to be read by an IC. When the product self information module area is read, the IC returns the Hash (product self information module) to the read-write equipment. The product self information module area supports writing and reading for many times.
Further, when the read-write equipment requires to be written into the product factory information module area, if the IC judges that the product factory information module area can be written, the data is written into the product factory information module area; when the product factory information module area is read, the IC returns the product factory information module to the read-write equipment. The product delivery information module area supports writing and reading for many times. The information of the product delivery information module is mainly displayed to the inquiry user and comprises product information, time information, signature, summary information and the like.
Specifically, when the read-write device requests to write in the product trace information module area, if the IC determines that the product trace information module area can be written in, the data is written in the product trace information module area. Meanwhile, the Hash (product trace information module), namely the data encrypted by the Hash encryption function, is written into a manufacturer database system. The information of the product trace information module area is the trace information when the product is inquired, is defined by a manufacturer, and only the fact that the trace information is only required to be inquired every time is ensured. The information of the product trace information module area cannot be directly read out and needs to be read by an IC. And when the product trace information module area is read, returning the Hash (product trace information module) to the read-write equipment. The product trace information module area can support multiple times of reading and writing.
It is worth to be noted that the read-write module includes a write-in information module and a read-out information module, the write-in information module is used for writing the logistics traceability information into the NFC chip, and the read-out information module is used for outputting the written logistics traceability information.
Example 2
As a second embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate the barcode reader to read the NFC chip, the present embodiment further improves the barcode reader, and as a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 to 7, the barcode reader includes a power module, an information processing module, a communication module, and a data sending module, where the power module is configured to provide a suitable working power for the barcode reader to work, the information processing module is configured to analyze the traceability information stored in the NFC chip, the communication module is configured to transmit the analyzed traceability information, and the data sending module is configured to upload the analyzed traceability information.
In this embodiment, the power module is a 9V battery or a lithium battery as shown in fig. 13, where B1 is a battery that can be repeatedly charged. C1, C2, C3 and C4 are filter capacitors and play a role in primary and secondary filtering. D1 and D2 are zener diodes to stabilize the voltage at the output terminal at the desired level. The chip 7805 is a three-terminal voltage regulator integrated circuit chip having a positive voltage output. The circuit is also internally provided with overcurrent, overheating, adjusting tube and other protection circuits, and finally the purpose is to convert a 9V power supply into stable 5V output to supply power for subsequent equipment.
Further, the information processing module is designed based on an NRF24L01 chip communication module, an NRF24L01 chip communication module circuit core device NRF24L01 works in cooperation with a network crystal oscillator, a decoupling capacitor and a polarization resistor to construct a stable radio frequency communication module, the chip is of a patch structure, and the module occupies a small space, as shown in fig. 11.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the data sending module uses a single chip AT89C51 as a control chip to simulate the interface timing of the NRF24L01 main communication module and process the sending of data.
In addition, the information processing module comprises a decoding module and a verification module, the decoding module is used for decoding the NFC chip and reading the internal traceability information of the NFC chip, and the verification module is used for verifying whether the output data and the received data are consistent.
Wherein, the decoding module includes three parts, which are respectively a start bit, a data bit and an end bit, the embodiment decodes based on a counting method, a clock used in decoding is a clock signal generated by an oscillator, because a radio frequency clock signal extracted by a clock extraction circuit is absent when a groove is formed, a data communication rate is 106Kps, and the radio frequency clock is 13.56MHz, that is, 128 radio frequency clock cycles are within a bit duration, because the oscillator clock is used in decoding, a submodule is required in the module for recording how many clock rising edges of the oscillator clock when 128 radio frequency clock rising edges come, and recording the value as NUM, the start of communication is a sequence Z, therefore, the module has a frame preamble sequence detection submodule, for the falling edge detection module, the arrival of the signal is detected through the falling edge of the signal, the decoding circuit is activated by a control signal upon detection of the arrival of the signal. When decoding, sampling the received data at the rising edge of the oscillator clock, adding 1 to the counter value COUNT when the sampled value is 1, stopping counting once the sampled data bit is 0, judging the received sequence according to the size of the COUNT and the condition of the previous sequence, and clearing the COUNT value to achieve the purpose of decoding. The ISO/IEC1443-a protocol specifies that the end of communication is represented by a logical "0" followed by a sequence Y, but when decoding, the end of the frame may be determined when the value of COUNT exceeds 2 × NUM, and decoding may be stopped.
In addition, the verification module includes an odd check module and a CRC check module.
The odd check method is to add an odd check bit after every 8 data bits, so that the number of '1's in the whole data group (including the odd check code) is an odd number. Therefore, the method of generating the odd parity codes is also simple, and as long as the input data bits are bitwise xored, the result is the odd parity codes for the data set. Considering that when odd check is performed, the odd check code of the received 8-bit byte data can be calculated firstly, and then the received odd check code is compared with the received odd check code when the command is analyzed, if the received odd check code is equal, the transmission is correct, and if the received odd check code is not equal, the transmission is wrong. The data sending module is also internally provided with a communication module used for directly leading the information identified by the code scanner into the PC.
The basic idea of CRC check is to use linear coding theory, where a sender and a receiver agree in advance to form a generator polynomial g (x), the sender uses an original K-bit binary sequence to be transmitted as a coefficient of a polynomial b (x), and divides b (x) by g (x) to obtain a quotient polynomial q (x) and a remainder polynomial R (x), where the coefficient of R (x) is a parity code for checking R bits. When sending data, the sender attaches the CRC code to the original data and sends the K + R bit sequence. After the data link sends the sequence to the receiver, the receiver also sees it as a sequence of coefficients of a polynomial and divides the polynomial by the same generator polynomial. If the remainder is zero, the transmission is error-free; otherwise, the transmission is in error.
It is worth to be noted that, a communication module is further arranged in the data sending module and used for directly leading information identified by the code scanner into the PC, the principle of the communication module is shown in fig. 14, a max232 chip is arranged on the left side of the single chip and used for matching 232 level in the PC with TTL level of the single chip, and a 9-chip female connector is arranged on the left side and can be connected to a com port of the computer to communicate with the computer when in use. The right side of the single chip microcomputer is connected with a radio frequency communication module, and because the single chip microcomputer does not have an SPI (serial peripheral interface) interface, the SPI interface needs to be simulated by common interface software, and the programming of the SPI interface strictly follows the communication logic time sequence of the SPI interface.
Example 3
As a third embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate processing of the identified information, the present invention is further provided with a block chain, as shown in fig. 8-10, as a preferred embodiment, the block chain includes an interface module, a data acquisition module, an information storage module, an information display module, and a database, the interface module is used to implement connection between the peripheral and the block chain, the data acquisition module is used to acquire physical traceability information, the information storage module is used to store the acquired physical traceability information, the information display module is used to display the acquired physical traceability information, and the database is used to store the physical traceability information.
In this embodiment, the block chain is composed of mathematically processed data blocks, each of which contains the hash value of the previous data block, and is linked from the most recent data block to the first data block, forming a block chain structure. Each data chunk contains a current data chunk root hash value, a previous data chunk root hash value, a timestamp, a data record, and other information. The block root hash value is actually the root node hash value of the data record tree and is calculated step by step through a secure hash algorithm from top to bottom according to the data record tree. The time stamp is the generation time of the data chunk. Other information includes block signature information, random values and other information, and can be flexibly defined according to specific application scenes. Data records are typically organized in a tree-like logical structure, such as a merkel tree, during storage.
Further, the database establishment algorithm is as follows:
<Context>
<Resourcename＝″jdbc/test″auth＝″Container″type＝″javax.sql.DataSource″
maxActive＝″50″maxIdle＝″30″maxWait＝″10000″logAbandoned＝″true″
username＝″root″password＝″111111″driverClassName＝″com.mysql.jdbc.Driver″
url＝”jdbc：mysql：//localhost：3306/testdb″/>
</Context>
specifically, the database is constructed based on MySql, SqlServer2008 and Oracle, and big data analysis is realized based on a decision tree, a neural network, K-MEANS clustering, a support vector machine and a multiple linear regression algorithm.
Further, the decision tree algorithm comprises the following steps:
given a data set D ═ t1，t1，......，tnWhere t isi＝<ti，ti1，......，tih>Is the ith sample (i ═ 1, 2.... times.n) in D, and the dataset schema contains a set of attributes { a ·1，A2，......，Ah}，tijIs the jth attribute A of the ith samplejIs given the class index set C, while (1, 2)1，C2，......，CmFor data set D, decision tree refers to a tree with the following 3 properties:
(1) each non-leaf node is labeled-a splitting Attribute Ai；
(2) Each branch is marked with a split predicate which is a concrete basis for splitting a parent node;
(3) each leaf node is labeled with a class label Cj∈C。
In addition, the neural network algorithm is as follows:
the hidden node output model formula is as follows: o isj＝f(∑wij*Xi-qj)
The output node output model formula is as follows: y isk＝f(∑Tij*Oj-qk)
Besides, the basic idea of the K-MEANS clustering algorithm is as follows: clustering is performed centering on k points in space, classifying the objects closest to them. Through an iterative method, the value of each clustering center is gradually updated until the best clustering result is obtained, and the method comprises the following steps:
assuming that the sample set is to be divided into c classes, the algorithm is described as follows:
(1) appropriately selecting the initial centers of the c classes;
(2) in the k iteration, the distance from any sample to c centers is calculated, and the sample is classified into the class where the center with the shortest distance is located;
(3) updating the central value of the class by means of methods such as mean value and the like;
(4) and (3) for all c cluster centers, if the values are kept unchanged after the updating by the iterative method of (2) and (3), ending the iteration, and otherwise, continuing the iteration.
It is worth to be noted that the support vector machine algorithm idea is as follows: for a data set consisting of multiple sample pairs { Xi，Yj}，Xi∈Rn，YiE { +1, -1}, the objective of the SVM design is to find a hyperplane g (x) ═ w with maximum separationTX+b＝0。
In this embodiment, when the multiple linear regression algorithm uses gaussian elimination transform to solve the n-order linear equation set Ax ═ b, the multiplication matrix is recorded as
The process of forming a into an upper triangular matrix is as follows:
wherein the process of elementary transformation for the upper triangular matrix R may be by an elementary transformation matrix PiIs expressed by the operation of (1), P1＝(t1，e2，…，en)
Wherein
Then
Furthermore, the interface module comprises a URL module, a WebService module and a PC (personal computer) terminal interface module, wherein the URL module is used for obtaining the physical source tracing data resource position from the Internet, the WebService module is used for developing a distributed interoperation application program, and the PC terminal interface module is used for connecting the PC terminal to obtain data.
In addition, the database comprises an information classification module, an information import module, an information comparison module and an information export module, wherein the information classification module is used for classifying and storing physical traceability information, the information import module is used for importing the NFC chip internal logistics traceability information identified by the code scanner, the information comparison module is used for comparing the imported logistics traceability information with the physical traceability information stored in the database, and the information export module is used for exporting the logistics traceability information comparison result.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a harbor logistics traceability method based on the block chain technology, which comprises the harbor logistics traceability system based on the block chain technology, and the operation steps are as follows:
s1, establishing a block chain database: the tracing information in the NFC chip is imported into the block chain through the interface module, and the category classification of the tracing information is installed and stored in the database through the information classification module.
S2, recognizing NFC chip information: identifying the tracing information inside the NFC chip through a decoding module of the code scanner, and ensuring the sending accuracy of the tracing information through a verification module;
s3, source tracing information comparison: the internal logistics traceability information of the NFC chip identified by the code scanner is imported through the information import module, the imported logistics traceability information is compared with the physical traceability information stored in the database, and a logistics traceability information comparison result is exported through the information export module.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a harbour commodity circulation traceability system based on technique of block chain, includes block chain, NFC chip and bar code scanner, its characterized in that: the NFC chip is embedded in the outer wall of a box door of the logistics container and used for storing logistics traceability information, the NFC chip comprises a read-write module, a product self information module, a product delivery information module and a product traceability information module, the read-write module is used for writing the logistics traceability information into the NFC chip and outputting the logistics traceability information through the NFC chip, the product self information module is used for storing the traceability information of logistics product data, the product delivery information module is used for storing the delivery traceability information of the logistics product, and the product traceability information module is used for storing product traceability information inquiry records.
2. The port logistics traceability system of block chain based technology of claim 1, characterized in that: the read-write module comprises a write-in information module and a read-out information module, the write-in information module is used for writing logistics traceability information into the NFC chip, and the read-out information module is used for outputting the written logistics traceability information.
3. The port logistics traceability system of block chain based technology of claim 1, characterized in that: the code scanner comprises a power supply module, an information processing module, a communication module and a data sending module, wherein the power supply module is used for providing a proper working power supply for the code scanner to work, the information processing module is used for analyzing the traceability information stored in the NFC chip, the communication module is used for transmitting the traceability information after analysis, and the data sending module is used for uploading the traceability information after analysis.
4. The port logistics traceability system based on block chain technology of claim 3, characterized in that: the information processing module comprises a decoding module and a verification module, the decoding module is used for decoding the NFC chip and reading the internal traceability information of the NFC chip, and the verification module is used for verifying whether the output data and the received data are consistent.
5. The port logistics traceability system based on block chain technology of claim 3, characterized in that: and the data sending module is also internally provided with a communication module for directly leading the information identified by the code scanner into the PC.
6. The port logistics traceability system of block chain based technology of claim 1, characterized in that: the block chain comprises an interface module, a data acquisition module, an information storage module, an information display module and a database, wherein the interface module is used for realizing connection of peripheral equipment and the block chain, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring physical traceability information, the information storage module is used for storing the acquired physical traceability information, the information display module is used for displaying the acquired physical traceability information, and the database is used for storing the physical traceability information.
7. The port logistics traceability system based on block chain technology of claim 6, wherein: the interface module comprises a URL module, a WebService module and a PC (personal computer) end interface module, wherein the URL module is used for obtaining the physical traceability data resource position from the Internet, the WebService module is used for developing a distributed interoperation application program, and the PC end interface module is used for connecting a PC end to obtain data.
8. The port logistics traceability system based on block chain technology of claim 6, wherein: the database comprises an information classification module, an information import module, an information comparison module and an information export module, wherein the information classification module is used for classifying and storing physical traceability information, the information import module is used for importing NFC chip internal logistics traceability information identified by the code scanner, the information comparison module is used for comparing the imported logistics traceability information with the physical traceability information stored in the database, and the information export module is used for exporting logistics traceability information comparison results.
9. A port logistics traceability method based on block chain technology, comprising the port logistics traceability system based on block chain technology according to any one of claims 1-8, and comprising the following operation steps:
s1, establishing a block chain database: importing the traceability information inside the NFC chip into a block chain through an interface module, and installing the type classification of the traceability information and storing the type classification of the traceability information into a database through an information classification module;
s2, recognizing NFC chip information: identifying the tracing information inside the NFC chip through a decoding module of the code scanner, and ensuring the sending accuracy of the tracing information through a verification module;
s3, source tracing information comparison: the internal logistics traceability information of the NFC chip identified by the code scanner is imported through the information import module, the imported logistics traceability information is compared with the physical traceability information stored in the database, and a logistics traceability information comparison result is exported through the information export module.
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| CN201910716312.5A CN110675099A (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2019-08-05 | Port logistics traceability system and method based on block chain technology |
| PCT/CN2019/122833 WO2021022740A1 (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-03 | Port logistics product source tracing system and method employing blockchain |
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