CN110672531A - Method for identifying heavy sand minerals by utilizing microscopic hyperspectral images - Google Patents
Method for identifying heavy sand minerals by utilizing microscopic hyperspectral images Download PDFInfo
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- CN110672531A CN110672531A CN201910968629.8A CN201910968629A CN110672531A CN 110672531 A CN110672531 A CN 110672531A CN 201910968629 A CN201910968629 A CN 201910968629A CN 110672531 A CN110672531 A CN 110672531A
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- heavy sand
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/27—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection ; circuits for computing concentration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/2813—Producing thin layers of samples on a substrate, e.g. smearing, spinning-on
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying heavy sand minerals by utilizing microscopic hyperspectral images. Firstly, fixing heavy sand mineral particles of zircon, tourmaline and the like with the size fraction of 0.063-0.25mm on a gray opaque glass slide through gum to prepare a standard heavy sand polished section, measuring a hyperspectral spectral curve of each mineral through a microscope and a hyperspectral camera, and establishing a hyperspectral reflectivity spectral database of the heavy sand mineral. Automatically shooting and storing microscopic hyperspectral images of the polished section to be detected containing the heavy sand minerals, extracting each heavy sand mineral particle, and measuring the hyperspectral reflectance spectrum of each heavy sand mineral particle; according to the high spectral reflectance value of each heavy sand mineral particle, the heavy sand mineral is identified by taking an established high spectral reflectance database of the heavy sand mineral as a standard, different pseudo colors are printed on different identified minerals to show differences, and the volume percentage of each heavy sand mineral is estimated by counting different pseudo color areas, so that the automatic identification and content calculation of the heavy sand minerals are completed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to identification of heavy sand minerals, in particular to a method for identifying heavy sand minerals by utilizing microscopic hyperspectral images.
Background
The heavy sand is mineral fine sand with large specific gravity obtained by washing naturally loose sediments or artificially broken rocks with water, has good material source evolution indication function, and is widely applied to the fields of platinum industry, oil-gas exploration and the like.
The traditional laboratory identification method for heavy sand minerals needs light and heavy mineral separation, magnetic separation and oil immersion to identify each mineral, and has complex process and low efficiency. In order to improve the working efficiency of heavy sand mineral identification and recognition and reduce the dependence on technicians, the automatic identification of minerals by using a digital image analysis technology is gradually a research hotspot.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for identifying heavy sand minerals by utilizing microscopic hyperspectral images, which is used for automatically identifying natural heavy sand or artificial heavy sand minerals by adopting a microscopic hyperspectral technology.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a method for identifying heavy sand minerals by utilizing microscopic hyperspectral images, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, fixing single-particle heavy sand minerals such as zircon, tourmaline, perillapside, kyanite and the like with the size fraction of 0.063-0.25mm on a gray opaque glass slide through gum to prepare a standard heavy sand polished section, and then placing the prepared standard heavy sand polished section containing the heavy sand minerals on an objective table of an optical microscope;
step 2, turning on a power supply of the optical microscope and the hyperspectral camera, and focusing a sample polished section according to the operating specification of the optical microscope;
step 3, after focusing is finished, automatically shooting the standard heavy sanding sheet by using a hyperspectral camera, and storing the shot image in a computer;
step 4, opening the shot hyperspectral image, measuring a hyperspectral reflectance spectrum curve of each heavy sand mineral, establishing a hyperspectral reflectance spectrum database of the heavy sand mineral, and implanting the hyperspectral reflectance spectrum database into an automatic mineral identification system developed by Python as a standard for automatic identification of the heavy sand mineral;
step 5, fixing the elutriated and dried artificial heavy sand or natural heavy sand mineral with the size fraction of 0.063-0.25mm to be detected on a gray opaque glass slide through gum, and then placing a prepared light sheet containing the heavy sand mineral to be detected on an objective table of an optical microscope to automatically shoot and store an optical microscopic hyperspectral image of the mineral;
step 6, automatically opening the stored image of the rock and ore sample to be detected by using an automatic mineral identification system, extracting heavy sand mineral particles in the image, and measuring a hyperspectral reflectivity spectrum curve of the heavy sand mineral particles;
and 7, identifying the mineral particles in the image by taking the established mineral database as a standard according to the hyperspectral reflectivity spectrum curve of the mineral particles in the image, and coloring different identified minerals with different pseudo colors to show differences.
And 8, counting the area occupied by different pseudo-color pattern spots, estimating the volume percentage occupied by different heavy sand minerals, and calculating the mass fraction of each heavy sand mineral according to the mineral density, thereby completing the identification and content calculation of the heavy sand minerals.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the method for identifying the heavy sand minerals through the microscopic hyperspectral images provided by the embodiment of the invention utilizes the spectral reflectance spectrum curves of the characteristics of different heavy sand minerals under an optical microscope to distinguish and identify, and can accurately and efficiently identify the heavy sand minerals.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a light sheet microscopic image of heavy sand mineral before being identified in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a microscopic image of a heavy sand mineral after being identified by the embodiment of the present invention, which is colored with a pseudo color.
In particular, different minerals in the graph may be distinguished by different colors.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below. Details which are not described in detail in the embodiments of the invention belong to the prior art which is known to the person skilled in the art.
The invention discloses a method for identifying heavy sand minerals by utilizing microscopic hyperspectral images, which has the preferred specific implementation mode that:
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, fixing single-particle heavy sand minerals such as zircon, tourmaline, perillapside, kyanite and the like with the size fraction of 0.063-0.25mm on a gray opaque glass slide through gum to prepare a standard heavy sand polished section, and then placing the prepared standard heavy sand polished section containing the heavy sand minerals on an objective table of an optical microscope;
step 2, turning on a power supply of the optical microscope and the hyperspectral camera, and focusing a sample polished section according to the operating specification of the optical microscope;
step 3, after focusing is finished, automatically shooting the standard heavy sanding sheet by using a hyperspectral camera, and storing the shot image in a computer;
step 4, opening the shot image, measuring a hyperspectral reflectivity spectrum curve of each heavy sand mineral, establishing a hyperspectral reflectivity spectrum database of the minerals, and implanting the hyperspectral reflectivity spectrum database into an automatic mineral identification system developed by Python as a standard for automatic identification of the heavy sand minerals;
step 5, fixing the elutriated and dried artificial heavy sand or natural heavy sand mineral with the size fraction of 0.063-0.25mm to be detected on a gray opaque glass slide through gum, and then placing a prepared light sheet containing the heavy sand mineral to be detected on an objective table of an optical microscope to automatically shoot and store an optical microscopic hyperspectral image of the mineral;
step 6, automatically opening the stored image of the heavy sanding sheet to be detected by using an automatic mineral identification system, extracting mineral particles in the image, and measuring a hyperspectral reflectivity spectrum curve of the mineral particles;
and 7, identifying the mineral particles in the image by taking the established heavy sand mineral database as a standard according to the hyperspectral reflectance spectrum curve of the mineral particles in the image, and coloring different identified minerals with different pseudo colors to show differences.
The reflectivity spectrum of a mineral generally comprises a series of characteristic absorption bands, and the characteristic bands have more stable wavelength positions and more stable unique waveforms in different minerals, can indicate the existence of ion minerals and single minerals and are the basis for identifying and identifying the minerals. According to the invention, a hyperspectral spectrum curve characteristic capable of reflecting the mineral reflectivity characteristic is adopted for representation, so that the automatic identification of the heavy sand mineral is realized.
According to the invention, the characteristic hyperspectral reflectivity spectral curves of different minerals under a microscope are used for distinguishing and identifying, so that the minerals in rock sample polished sections can be accurately and quickly identified, and the mineral identification efficiency is improved.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
a method for identifying heavy sand minerals by utilizing microscopic hyperspectral images can comprise the following steps:
step 1, fixing single-particle heavy sand minerals such as zircon, tourmaline, perillapside, kyanite and the like with the size fraction of 0.063-0.25mm on a gray opaque glass slide through gum to prepare a standard heavy sand polished section, and then placing the prepared standard heavy sand polished section containing the heavy sand minerals on an objective table of an optical microscope;
step 2, turning on a power supply of the optical microscope and the hyperspectral camera, and focusing a sample polished section according to the operating specification of the optical microscope; (ii) a
Step 3, after focusing is finished, shooting the minerals in the standard heavy sand polished section by using a hyperspectral camera, and storing the micro hyperspectral images of the minerals obtained by shooting in a computer;
step 4, opening the shot image, measuring a hyperspectral reflectance spectrum curve of each heavy sand mineral, establishing a hyperspectral reflectance spectrum database of the heavy sand minerals such as zircon, tourmaline, perillapside, kyanite and the like, and implanting the database into an automatic mineral identification system to serve as a standard for automatic mineral identification;
step 5, fixing the elutriated and dried artificial heavy sand or natural heavy sand mineral with the grain size of 0.063-0.25mm to be detected on a gray opaque glass slide through gum, and then placing a prepared optical sheet containing the heavy sand mineral to be detected on an objective table of an optical microscope to automatically shoot and store a mineral optical microscopic hyperspectral image; as shown in fig. 1.
And 6, automatically opening the stored images of the rock and ore samples to be detected by using an automatic mineral identification system, extracting mineral particles in the images, and measuring a hyperspectral reflectivity spectrum curve of the mineral particles.
And 7, automatically identifying the high spectral reflectance spectrum curve of the mineral particles in the image according to the established high spectral reflectance spectrum database of the heavy sand mineral, and marking different identified minerals with different pseudo colors to show differences, as shown in fig. 2.
And 8, counting the areas occupied by different pseudo-color pattern spots, estimating the volume percentage occupied by different heavy sand minerals, and calculating the mass fraction of each heavy sand mineral according to the mineral density, thereby completing the identification and content calculation of the heavy sand minerals.
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention not only can accurately and effectively automatically identify the heavy sand minerals, but also can ensure the identification accuracy of the minerals by adopting the spectrum model with high spectral reflectivity, thereby effectively solving the technical problems of dependence on professional technicians and low working efficiency in the research process of the heavy sand minerals.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for identifying heavy sand minerals by utilizing microscopic hyperspectral images is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, fixing single-particle heavy sand minerals such as zircon, tourmaline, perillapside, kyanite and the like with the size fraction of 0.063-0.25mm on a gray opaque glass slide through gum to prepare a standard heavy sand polished section, and then placing the prepared standard heavy sand polished section containing the heavy sand minerals on an objective table of an optical microscope;
step 2, turning on a power supply of the optical microscope and the hyperspectral camera, and focusing a sample polished section according to the operating specification of the optical microscope;
step 3, after focusing is finished, automatically shooting the standard heavy sanding sheet by using a hyperspectral camera, and storing a shot hyperspectral reflectivity image in a computer;
step 4, opening the shot image, measuring a hyperspectral reflectance spectrum curve of each heavy sand mineral, establishing a hyperspectral reflectance spectrum database of each heavy sand mineral, and implanting the hyperspectral reflectance spectrum database into an automatic mineral identification system developed by Python as a standard for automatic identification of the heavy sand minerals;
step 5, fixing the elutriated and dried artificial heavy sand or natural heavy sand mineral with the size fraction of 0.063-0.25mm to be detected on a gray opaque glass slide through gum, and then placing a prepared light sheet containing the heavy sand mineral to be detected on an objective table of an optical microscope to automatically shoot and store an optical microscopic hyperspectral image of the mineral;
step 6, automatically opening the stored images of the rock and ore samples to be detected by using an automatic mineral identification system, extracting each heavy sand mineral particle, and measuring a hyperspectral reflectivity spectrum curve of each heavy sand mineral particle;
and 7, identifying the high spectral reflectance spectrum database of the heavy sand minerals by taking the established high spectral spectrum database of the heavy sand minerals as a standard according to the high spectral reflectance spectrum curve of the mineral particles in the image, and coloring different identified minerals with different pseudo colors to show differences.
And 8, counting the areas occupied by different pseudo-color pattern spots, estimating the volume percentage occupied by different heavy sand minerals, and calculating the mass fraction of each heavy sand mineral according to the mineral density, thereby completing the identification and content calculation of the heavy sand minerals.
2. The method for identifying the heavy sand mineral by using the microscopic hyperspectral image according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the optical microscope is connected with the hyperspectral camera through a port C or a port CS, and the hyperspectral camera is connected with a computer through a data line, so that the microscopic hyperspectral image of the heavy sand mineral can be automatically shot and stored.
3. The method for identifying the heavy sand mineral by using the microscopic hyperspectral image as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the hyperspectral camera is used for shooting the hyperspectral image of the mineral, and the spectrum range is 400 nm-2500 nm.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113933307A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-01-14 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Method for measuring dissociation characteristics of lamellar minerals and application |
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Application publication date: 20200110 |