CN110672509A - A kind of straw cutting performance testing device and testing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw cutting performance testing device, comprising a base plate, a precision guide rail, a clamping device, a buffer limit device, a tension pressure sensor, an AD converter and a display device. The base plate is provided with a fixed sleeve and a handle, and the precision guide rail The lower end is screwed and connected with the fixed sleeve, and the clamping device is composed of a slider, a connecting plate and a movable splint. The lower end of the slider is fastened with a fixed splint, and the movable splint and the fixed splint are detachably connected by bolts; the buffer limit device sleeve It is located on the precision guide rail and is located at the upper end of the fixed sleeve. The tension pressure sensor is firmly connected to the middle of the bottom plate, the AD converter is connected to the tension pressure sensor through a data cable, and the display device is connected to the AD converter through a data cable to detect different cutting methods. Lower straw cutting performance, analyze the influence of blade structure parameters and motion parameters on cutting force and cutting power consumption, provide theoretical support and practical reference for the design of straw crushing and returning blades, shorten the design cycle and reduce design costs.

Description

A kind of straw cutting performance testing device and testing method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement technology, in particular, the invention relates to a straw cutting performance testing device and a testing method.

Background technique

Crop straw crushing is one of the agricultural mechanized production processes, and it is also a key technology for straw returning operations. As the key component of straw pulverization, the structure and parameters of the blade play a decisive role in the pulverization quality, and different cutting methods also have a significant impact on the pulverization quality.

Therefore, the selection of the structure and parameters of the blade and the cutting method are the key steps in designing the straw crushing and returning machine. There are many kinds of crops, and the blade parameters and cutting methods suitable for different types of crop straws are different. Therefore, before designing a blade, it is necessary to master the cutting performance of crop straws. If the method of first design and then field test verification is adopted, the design cycle is long, the blade types are many, and the cost is high. In addition, the existing straw cutting test bench does not have the shearing function, and the detection of straw cutting performance is incomplete.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a straw cutting performance testing device and a testing method, which can detect the straw cutting performance under different cutting modes, analyze the influence of blade structure parameters and motion parameters on cutting force and cutting power consumption, and provide a theory for the design of straw crushing and returning blades. Support and practical reference, thereby shortening the design cycle and reducing the design cost.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a straw cutting performance testing device, comprising a bottom plate, a precision guide rail, a clamping device, a buffer limit device, a tension pressure sensor, an AD converter and a display device, the bottom plate There are two fixed sleeves and two handles, the lower end of the precision guide rail is screwed and connected with the fixed sleeve, and the clamping device is composed of a slider, a connecting plate and a moving splint. The guide rail is slidably connected, the two ends of the connecting plate are respectively fastened to the side of the slider, the lower end of the slider is fastened with a fixed splint, and the movable splint and the fixed splint are detachably connected by bolts;

The buffer limit device is sleeved on the precision guide rail and is located at the upper end of the fixed sleeve, the tension pressure sensor is tightly connected with the middle of the bottom plate, the AD converter is connected with the tension pressure sensor through a data cable, and the display device is connected by a data cable. line is connected to the AD converter.

Preferably, the buffering and limiting device is a shock-absorbing rubber sleeve or a spring or a foamed plastic.

Preferably, the vertical direction of the precision guide rail is marked with a height dimension scale value.

Preferably, an upper blade is arranged under the connecting plate, and a lower blade is arranged on the tension pressure sensor.

Preferably, the display device is a notebook computer.

A method for testing a straw cutting performance testing device, specifically comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Select the straw with the same cross-sectional diameter of the same crop, and intercept the same length;

Step 2: Wrap an appropriate amount of scotch tape on both ends of the straw to be measured obtained in step 1, then place the wrapped tape on the fixed splint, then cover the moving splint, press the moving splint on the fixed splint with bolts, and place the straw on the fixed splint. clamp;

Step 3: Select a pair of upper blade and lower blade, install the upper blade in the middle of the connecting plate, and install the lower blade on the tension pressure sensor;

Step 4: Open the tension pressure sensor, AD converter and display device;

计算出上刀片下落的高度H值；Step 5: Determine the cutting speed v according to the selected crop straw, and use the formula

Calculate the H value of the falling height of the upper blade;

Step 6: Manually lift the clamping device to the scale H of the precision guide rail, and then release it to make it free fall;

Step 7: During the cutting process of straw, the pressure value of the lower blade is regularly collected by the tension pressure sensor, and then the collected data is transmitted to the laptop computer through the AD converter for recording, and the relationship between the cutting force F and the time t of the lower blade is displayed. curve;

Step 8: Analyze the cutting performance according to the relationship between the cutting force F and the time t.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solutions are: the straw cutting performance testing device detects the straw cutting performance under different cutting methods, analyzes the influence of the blade structure parameters and motion parameters on the cutting force and cutting power consumption, and provides the design for the straw crushing and returning blade. Provide theoretical support and practical reference, thereby shortening the design cycle and reducing design costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of this straw cutting performance testing device;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of upper blade or lower blade upper sliding cut angle;

Figure 3 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when a cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 45° brings straw from a height of 1.2 m;

Figure 4 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when a cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 45° brings straw from a height of 1.3 m;

Figure 5 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when a cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 45° brings straw from a height of 1.4m;

Figure 6 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when a cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 30° brings straw from a height of 1.3 m;

Figure 7 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when a cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 60° brings straw from a height of 1.3 m;

in:

1. Bottom plate; 2. Precision guide rail; 3. Clamping device; 4. Buffer limit device; 5. Pull pressure sensor; 6. AD converter; 7. Display device; 8. Upper blade; 9. Lower blade;

10. Fixed sleeve; 11. Handle;

30. Slider; 30-1. Fixed splint; 31. Connecting plate; 32. Moving splint.

Detailed ways

Below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through the description of the embodiments, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail, the purpose is to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and contribute to its implementation.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, the present invention is a straw cutting performance testing device and testing method, which detects the straw cutting performance under different cutting methods, and analyzes the influence of blade structure parameters and motion parameters on cutting force and cutting power consumption, as follows: The design of straw crushing and returning blade provides theoretical support and practical reference, thereby shortening the design cycle and reducing the design cost.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 to 7, a straw cutting performance testing device includes a bottom plate 1, a precision guide rail 2, a clamping device 3, a buffer limit device 4, a tension pressure sensor 5, an AD converter 6 and In the display device 7, two fixing sleeves 10 and two handles 11 are arranged on the bottom plate 1, the lower end of the precision guide rail 2 is screwed and connected with the fixing sleeve 10, and the clamping device 3 is composed of the slider 30, The connecting plate 31 and the moving splint 32 are formed. The sliding block 30 is slidably connected to the precision guide rail 2 respectively. The two ends of the connecting plate 31 are respectively fastened to the side of the sliding block 30. The splint 30-1, the movable splint 32 and the fixed splint 30-1 are detachably connected by bolts;

The buffer limiting device 4 is sleeved on the precision guide rail 2 and is located at the upper end of the fixed sleeve 10, the tension pressure sensor 5 is tightly connected with the middle of the bottom plate 1, and the AD converter 6 is connected with the tension pressure sensor 5 through a data cable. , the display device 7 is connected to the AD converter 6 through a data line.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the buffer limiting device 4 is a shock-absorbing rubber sleeve or a spring or a foamed plastic.

The vertical direction of the precision guide rail 2 is marked with a height dimension scale value.

As shown in FIG. 1 , an upper blade 8 is arranged under the connecting plate 31 , and a lower blade 9 is arranged on the tension pressure sensor 5 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the display device 7 is a notebook computer.

A method for testing a straw cutting performance testing device, specifically comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Select the straw with the same cross-sectional diameter of the same crop, and intercept the same length;

Step 2: Wrap an appropriate amount of scotch tape on both ends of the straw to be measured obtained in step 1, then place the wrapping tape on the fixed splint 30-1, then cover the moving splint 32, and press the moving splint 32 to the fixed splint by bolts. On the splint 30-1, clamp the straw;

Step 3: select a pair of upper blade 8 and lower blade 9, install the upper blade 8 in the middle of the connecting plate 31, and install the lower blade 9 on the tension pressure sensor 5;

Step 4: Open the tension pressure sensor 5, the AD converter 6 and the display device 7;

计算出上刀片8下落的高度H值；Step 5: Determine the cutting speed v according to the selected crop straw, and use the formula

Calculate the falling height H value of the upper blade 8;

Step 6: Manually lift the clamping device 3 to the scale H of the precision guide rail 2, and then release it to make it free fall;

Step 7: During the cutting process of the straw, the pressure value of the lower blade 9 is periodically collected by the tension and pressure sensor 5, and then the collected data is transmitted to the notebook computer through the AD converter 6 for recording, and the cutting force F and the cutting force F of the lower blade 9 are displayed. The relationship curve of time t;

Step 8: Analyze the cutting performance according to the relationship between the cutting force F and the time t.

The specific working mode is described below with specific embodiments:

Example 1:

Straw with the same cross-sectional diameter of the same crop fell from heights of 1.2m, 1.3m, and 1.4m, and was cut by the upper and lower blades with a sliding angle of 45°. The collected test parameters of cutting force F and time t are as follows:

Figure 3 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when a cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 45° takes straw from a height of 1.2 m;

Figure 4 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when the cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 45° brings straw from a height of 1.3m;

Figure 5 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when a cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 45° brings straw from a height of 1.4m;

According to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, it is known that the higher the falling height of the straw, the greater the cutting speed V and the smaller the cutting force F when the straw is in contact with the lower blade 9.

Example 2:

The straw with the same cross-section diameter of the same crop fell from the same height of 1.3m and was cut by the upper and lower blades with sliding cutting angles of 30°, 45° and 60° respectively. The collected test parameters of cutting force F and time t are as follows :

Figure 4 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when the cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 45° brings straw from a height of 1.3m;

Figure 6 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when a cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 30° brings straw from a height of 1.3m;

Figure 7 is a graph of the cutting force F versus time t when a cutter with a sliding cutting angle of 60° brings straw from a height of 1.3 m;

4 , 6 and 7 , it is known that the larger the cutting angle of the upper blade 8 and the lower blade 9 is, the smaller the cutting force F is, that is, the easier the straw is to be cut.

The present invention has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, as long as various non-substantial improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present invention; or After improvement, it is within the protection scope of the present invention to directly apply the above-mentioned ideas and technical solutions of the present invention to other occasions.

Claims (6)

1. A straw cutting performance testing device, characterized in that it comprises a bottom plate (1), a precision guide rail (2), a clamping device (3), a buffer limit device (4), a tension pressure sensor (5), an AD conversion device (6) and display device (7), two fixing sleeves (10) and two handles (11) are arranged on the bottom plate (1), and the lower end of the precision guide rail (2) is connected to the fixing sleeve (10). ) threaded connection, the clamping device (3) is composed of a slider (30), a connecting plate (31) and a moving splint (32), the slider (30) is respectively slidingly connected with the precision guide rail (2) The two ends of the connecting plate (31) are respectively fastened to the side of the slider (30), the lower end of the slider (30) is fastened with a fixed splint (30-1), and the movable splint (32) is connected The fixed splint (30-1) is detachably connected by bolts; The buffer limiting device (4) is sleeved on the precision guide rail (2) and is located at the upper end of the fixed sleeve (10), the tension pressure sensor (5) is fastened to the middle of the bottom plate (1), and the AD converter (6) is connected to the pull pressure sensor (5) through a data line, and the display device (7) is connected to the AD converter (6) through a data line. 2 . The straw cutting performance testing device according to claim 1 , wherein the buffer limiting device ( 4 ) is a shock-absorbing rubber sleeve or a spring or a foamed plastic. 3 . 3 . The straw cutting performance testing device according to claim 1 , wherein the precision guide rail ( 2 ) is marked with a height dimension scale value in the vertical direction. 4 . 4 . The straw cutting performance testing device according to claim 1 , wherein an upper blade ( 8 ) is arranged under the connecting plate ( 31 ), and a lower blade is arranged on the tension pressure sensor ( 5 ). 5 . (9). 5 . The straw cutting performance testing device according to claim 1 , wherein the display device ( 7 ) is a notebook computer. 6 . 6. A testing method for a straw cutting performance testing device, characterized in that: it specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: Select the straw with the same cross-sectional diameter of the same crop, and intercept the same length; Step 2: Wrap an appropriate amount of scotch tape on both ends of the straw to be measured obtained in step 1, then place the wrapping tape on the fixed splint (30-1), then cover the moving splint (32), and connect the moving splint (32) with bolts. 32) Press on the fixed splint (30-1) to clamp the straw; Step 3: select a pair of upper blade (8) and lower blade (9), install the upper blade (8) in the middle of the connecting plate (31), and install the lower blade (9) on the tension pressure sensor (5); Step 4: Open the pull pressure sensor (5), the AD converter (6) and the display device (7); Step 5: Determine the cutting speed v according to the selected crop straw, and use the formula

Calculate the falling height H value of the upper blade (8); Step 6: Manually lift the clamping device (3) to the scale H of the precision guide rail (2), and then release it to make it free fall; Step 7: During the cutting process of the straw, the pressure value of the lower blade (9) is periodically collected by the tension pressure sensor (5), and then the collected data is transmitted to the notebook computer through the AD converter (6) for recording, and the lower blade (9) is displayed. 9) The relationship curve between the cutting force F and the time t; Step 8: Analyze the cutting performance according to the relationship between the cutting force F and the time t.

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