CN110671141A - Hydraulic support for separate mining and transportation mining of thin coal seam and mining method - Google Patents
Hydraulic support for separate mining and transportation mining of thin coal seam and mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110671141A CN110671141A CN201911031559.XA CN201911031559A CN110671141A CN 110671141 A CN110671141 A CN 110671141A CN 201911031559 A CN201911031559 A CN 201911031559A CN 110671141 A CN110671141 A CN 110671141A
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- hydraulic support
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
- E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
- E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
- E21D23/06—Special mine caps or special tops of pit-props for permitting step-by-step movement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
- E21D23/16—Hydraulic or pneumatic features, e.g. circuits, arrangement or adaptation of valves, setting or retracting devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic support for separately mining and separately transporting and mining thin coal seams, which comprises a base, wherein a top beam is arranged on the base, a plurality of pairs of telescopic vertical columns are arranged between the top beam and the base, a driving mechanism is arranged on the top beam, a supporting plate capable of stretching forwards is arranged below the front end of the top beam, and the supporting plate is connected with the driving end of the driving mechanism. The mining hydraulic support and the mining method for the separate mining and the separate transportation of the thin coal seam solve the problem of coal and gangue separation during the mining of the thin coal seam, and simultaneously solve the problem that the support cannot support a rock layer above the coal seam through a descending frame during the separate mining and the separate transportation. The invention also discloses a method for mining the coal in the thin coal seam by separate mining and transportation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a hydraulic support for separate mining and transportation mining of a thin coal seam, and further relates to a separate mining and transportation mining method of the thin coal seam.
Background
The thin coal seam is the coal seam with the thickness of less than 1.3 meters, the storage capacity of the thin coal seam coal mine in China is relatively rich, and according to investigation, the storage capacity of the thin coal seam coal mine in China is about 670 hundred million tons at present. Along with the increase of mining strength of medium and thick coal seams, coal mine resources are less and less, and the thin coal seams have wide mining prospects, but are not high in development and utilization degree, mainly because the mining technology of the thin coal seams has higher requirements and is relatively complex in environment compared with the medium and thick coal seams.
Because the thin coal seam is thin, the mining space is too narrow, various mining equipment and installation and maintenance equipment are difficult to erect, and the working space of workers is also narrow. Although most working faces are provided with the fully-mechanized hydraulic support, the height of the working face is too low, so that the minimum mining height of the fully-mechanized hydraulic support is met, the coal mining machine often needs to break the top or the bottom when cutting coal, a large amount of gangue is mixed in the coal which is mined, the gangue content of the coal is high, the coal quality is influenced, great pressure is caused for ground washing, and the washing cost is greatly increased.
In order to improve the coal quality of thin coal seam coal mining and reduce the washing cost, the coal seam and the broken top rock on the working face are respectively mined and transported (coal and gangue separate mining and separate transportation for short), and the mined coal and gangue are separately transported. However, one major difficulty of this method is that the working face separate mining and transporting mode requires coal mining first and then roof breaking and gangue cutting, and in order to ensure that the gangue above the coal seam does not fall down and mix into the mined coal and the integrity of the roof during the coal mining process, the rock layer above the mined coal seam needs to be supported in time when the coal mining machine cuts the coal, and the conventional thin coal seam support cannot reduce the height of the support to the thickness of the cut coal layer even after the coal mining machine cuts the coal, so that the roof cannot be supported in time, and the gangue is prevented from mixing into the mined coal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic support for separately mining and transporting thin coal seams, which solves the problems that the support cannot support a rock stratum above a mined coal seam through a descending frame and prevent gangue leakage when the thin coal seams are separately mined and transported.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the hydraulic support for separately mining and separately transporting and exploiting the thin coal seam comprises a base, a top beam is arranged above the base, a plurality of telescopic vertical columns are arranged between the base and the top beam, and the hydraulic support is characterized in that a support plate capable of extending forwards is arranged below the front end of the top beam.
The technical scheme of the invention also has the following characteristics:
the lower part of the front end of the top beam is hinged with a connecting rod mechanism, the supporting plate is hinged with the connecting rod mechanism, and the telescopic end of the driving mechanism is hinged with the connecting rod mechanism.
The connecting rod mechanism comprises four connecting rods which are arranged in parallel, the four connecting rods are distributed in two pairs in a front-back mode, the upper end of each connecting rod is hinged to the lower side of the top beam, and the lower end of each connecting rod is hinged to the supporting plate.
Each pair of connecting rods is respectively hinged on two sides of the supporting plate.
The driving mechanism comprises two hydraulic cylinders, wherein the telescopic end of one hydraulic cylinder is hinged with one of any pair of connecting rods; the telescopic end of the other hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the other connecting rod of the pair of connecting rods.
The supporting plate consists of a front supporting plate and a rear supporting plate, and the rear supporting plate is hinged in the connecting rod mechanism.
The invention also aims to provide a method for separately mining and transporting and mining the coal in the thin coal seam, which solves the problems of high content of gangue and poor coal quality of the coal caused by mixing the conventional mining gangue in the thin coal seam into the coal.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for mining and transporting thin coal seam coal in a separate mining and transporting mode comprises the following steps:
step 1, mounting a plurality of sub-mining and sub-transporting hydraulic supports on a coal face;
and 4, repeating the steps 1-3 to carry out separate mining and separate transportation on the coal and the rock.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) according to the thin coal seam separate mining and separate transporting hydraulic support and the mining method, the coal seam and the roof rock can be mined respectively, the gangue content in coal mining is greatly reduced, and the coal washing pressure and washing cost are reduced; (2) according to the hydraulic support and the mining method for separate mining and transportation of the thin coal seam, the separation of the coal seam and the top rock stratum is realized by the aid of the liftable and telescopic supporting plate arranged in front of the top beam, the overlying rock stratum of the top plate is supported, and normal production of separate mining and transportation mining of the working surface of the thin coal seam is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic support for separately mining and separately transporting thin coal seams;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the coal mining operation of the coal mining face of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of FIG. 2 in rock formation mining at a working face of a coal mine;
fig. 4 is a schematic layout of a working face of the hydraulic support for separate mining and transportation of the thin coal seam in separate mining and transportation.
In the figure: 1. the mining machine comprises a base, 2 telescopic columns, 3 driving mechanisms, 4 connecting rod mechanisms, 5 supporting plates, 6 top beams, 7 roof strata, 8 coal beds, 9 coal mining machines, 10 hydraulic supports, 11 working face scraper conveyors and 12 crossheading conveyors.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic support for separately mining and separately transporting thin coal seams comprises a base 1, a top beam 6 is arranged above the base 1, a plurality of telescopic vertical columns 2 are arranged between the base 1 and the top beam 6, and a supporting plate 5 capable of extending forwards is arranged below the front end of the top beam 6.
In the hydraulic support for separately mining and transporting and mining the thin coal seam, the top beam 6 is provided with the driving mechanism 3, and the driving end of the driving mechanism 3 is connected with the supporting plate 5; the driving mechanism 3 comprises a connecting rod mechanism 4, the connecting rod mechanism 4 is hinged below the front end of the top beam 6, the supporting plate 5 is hinged on the connecting rod mechanism 4, and the telescopic end of the driving mechanism 3 is hinged with the connecting rod mechanism 4.
In the hydraulic support for separately mining and separately transporting thin coal seams, as shown in fig. 2, the telescopic end of the driving mechanism 3 extends out, and the connecting rod mechanism 4 drives the supporting plate 5 to move towards the front lower part of the top beam 6 until the supporting plate 5 is located at a preset position below the front side of the top beam 6, at which time, a worker can operate the coal mining machine 9 to mine the thin coal seams 8. As shown in fig. 3, when the thin coal seam 8 is mined, the supporting plate 5 is supported below the roof rock layer 7 to support the roof rock layer 7 in time, so that gangue on the roof rock layer 7 can be prevented from falling into a mined coal mine, the front end of the top beam 6 is supported on the periphery of the roof rock layer 7, and the whole top beam 6 does not need to be subjected to corresponding lifting operation by adjusting a telescopic upright column.
As shown in fig. 4, when the coal mining machine 9 returns, it should be ensured that the face scraper conveyor 11 transports all the mined coal, then the telescopic end of the driving mechanism 3 of the thin coal seam mining and separate transportation mining hydraulic support 10 of the present invention is recovered, the link mechanism 4 drives the support plate 5 to move to the rear upper side of the top beam 6 until all the support plates 5 are located below the top beam 6, at this time, the worker can operate the coal mining machine 9 to mine the roof rock stratum 7, and the gangue generated by mining the roof rock stratum 7 is transported out through the transfer conveyor arranged at the end of the face or other transportation devices.
Obviously, the thin coal seam separate mining and separate transportation mining hydraulic support can realize separate mining of coal seams and roof rocks, greatly reduces the gangue content of coal mining, and reduces the coal washing pressure and washing cost; the separation of the thin coal seam 8 and the roof rock layer 7 is realized by utilizing the lifting and telescopic supporting plate 5 arranged in front of the top beam 6, and the roof rock layer 7 is supported, so that the normal production of the mining and separate transportation of the working face of the thin coal seam 8 is ensured.
In the hydraulic prop for separately mining and separately transporting thin coal seams of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the link mechanism 4 is preferably composed of four links arranged in parallel, the four links are arranged in two pairs in a front-to-back manner, the upper end of each link is hinged to the lower side of the top beam 6, and the lower end is hinged to the support plate 5. The telescopic end of the driving mechanism 3 extends out, and the connecting rod mechanism 4 drives the supporting plate 5 to move towards the front lower part of the top beam 6; the telescopic end of the driving mechanism 3 is retracted, and the connecting rod mechanism 4 drives the supporting plate 5 to move towards the back upper part of the top beam 6.
In the hydraulic support for thin coal seam separate mining and separate transportation mining of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, each pair of connecting rods are respectively hinged on two sides of the supporting plate 5, and the stability of the hinging of the supporting plate 5 in the connecting rod mechanism 4 can be enhanced through symmetrical hinging.
In the hydraulic prop for thin coal seam mining and separate transportation mining according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the driving mechanism 3 is preferably formed by two hydraulic cylinders, wherein the telescopic end of one of the hydraulic cylinders is hinged to one of the pair of front-most connecting rods; the telescopic end of the other hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the other of the pair of connecting rods, and the telescopic ends of the two hydraulic cylinders simultaneously extend and retract to correspondingly drive the connecting rod mechanism 4 up and down.
As shown in fig. 1, in the hydraulic support for separately mining and separately transporting thin coal seams, the support plate is hinged in the link mechanism 4, so that the design and installation space of the four-link mechanism 4 is reduced to adapt to the limited space environment of the thin coal seams.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for separately mining and transporting thin coal seam coal is performed based on the hydraulic support for separately mining and transporting thin coal seam coal, and specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, mounting a plurality of sub-mining and sub-transporting hydraulic supports on a coal face;
and 4, repeating the steps 1-3 to carry out separate mining and separate transportation on the coal and the rock.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a thin coal seam divides to adopt and divides fortune exploitation hydraulic support, includes base (1), has back timber (6) above base (1), is provided with a plurality of scalable stands (2) between base (1) and back timber (6), its characterized in that, the front end below of back timber (6) is provided with backup pad (5) that can reach forward.
2. The hydraulic support for separately mining and separately transporting thin coal seams according to claim 1, wherein a driving mechanism (3) is arranged on the top beam (6), and the driving end of the driving mechanism (3) is connected with a supporting plate (5).
3. The hydraulic support for separately mining and separately transporting thin coal seams as claimed in claim 1, wherein a link mechanism (4) is hinged below the front end of the top beam (6), the support plate (5) is hinged to the link mechanism (4), and the telescopic end of the driving mechanism (3) is hinged to the link mechanism (4).
4. The hydraulic support for separately mining and separately transporting thin coal seams according to claim 3, wherein the link mechanism (4) comprises four links arranged in parallel, the four links are arranged in two pairs in a front-to-back manner, the upper end of each link is hinged to the lower side of the top beam (6), and the lower end of each link is hinged to the support plate (5).
5. Hydraulic support for thin coal seam mining and separate transportation mining according to claim 3, characterized in that each pair of connecting rods is hinged on both sides of the support plate (5).
6. The hydraulic support for separate mining and separate transportation mining of a thin coal seam according to claim 3, wherein the driving mechanism (3) comprises two hydraulic cylinders, and the telescopic end of one hydraulic cylinder is hinged with one of any pair of connecting rods; the telescopic end of the other hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the other connecting rod of the pair of connecting rods.
7. The method for separately mining and transporting and exploiting the thin coal seam is carried out on the basis of the hydraulic support for separately mining and transporting and exploiting the thin coal seam according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, mounting a plurality of sub-mining and sub-transporting hydraulic supports on a coal face;
step 2, cutting coal by a coal cutter, namely extending a supporting plate (5) at the front end of the sub-mining and sub-transporting hydraulic support along with the coal cut by the coal cutter until the supporting plate is positioned below a top rock stratum (7) of a mined coal bed, and transporting coal-cut coal by the coal cutter out by a working face scraper conveyor (11) and a crossheading conveyor (12) until the coal cutting of the working face is finished for one time;
step 3, cutting a top rock stratum after the coal cutter finishes cutting coal on the working face for one time, simultaneously sequentially withdrawing the supporting plates (5) in front of the coal cutter, and conveying the mined gangue out through a working face scraper conveyor (11), a crossheading conveyor (12) or other conveying devices;
and 4, repeating the steps 1-3 to carry out separate mining and separate transportation on the coal and the rock.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911031559.XA CN110671141A (en) | 2019-10-28 | 2019-10-28 | Hydraulic support for separate mining and transportation mining of thin coal seam and mining method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911031559.XA CN110671141A (en) | 2019-10-28 | 2019-10-28 | Hydraulic support for separate mining and transportation mining of thin coal seam and mining method |
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| CN110671141A true CN110671141A (en) | 2020-01-10 |
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| CN201911031559.XA Pending CN110671141A (en) | 2019-10-28 | 2019-10-28 | Hydraulic support for separate mining and transportation mining of thin coal seam and mining method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111706378A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-25 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Hydraulic support for end of thin coal seam |
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2019
- 2019-10-28 CN CN201911031559.XA patent/CN110671141A/en active Pending
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| CN111706378A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-25 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Hydraulic support for end of thin coal seam |
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Application publication date: 20200110 |