CN110671080A - Filling tool assembly, self-adaptive water screen pipe string and experimental method - Google Patents
Filling tool assembly, self-adaptive water screen pipe string and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110671080A CN110671080A CN201810704069.0A CN201810704069A CN110671080A CN 110671080 A CN110671080 A CN 110671080A CN 201810704069 A CN201810704069 A CN 201810704069A CN 110671080 A CN110671080 A CN 110671080A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/08—Screens or liners
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/04—Gravelling of wells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a filling tool assembly, a self-adaptive water screen pipe string and an experimental method, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well completion. The filling tool assembly comprises a top packer, a first sealing device, a filling sliding sleeve and a second sealing device which are coaxially arranged and sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein central through holes of the top packer, the first sealing device, the filling sliding sleeve and the second sealing device are sequentially communicated, and a filling service tool is arranged in the communicated central through hole; a liquid outlet hole is formed in the filling sliding sleeve; the filling service tool can move up and down along the axis in the communicated central through hole, and positive circulation and reverse circulation of formation fluid are realized. The sand production can be prevented, the effect of reinforcing the stratum and preventing the sieve tube from deforming and blocking can be achieved, and the oil yield and the recovery ratio of a single well are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well completion, and particularly relates to a filling tool assembly, a self-adaptive water screen pipe string and an experimental method, which are used for flow control and profile control of a horizontal well and mechanical sand prevention.
Background
The research work of the horizontal well gravel packing technology has already been partially researched and completed at home and abroad. By using a large-scale real-size horizontal well gravel packing simulation test device, a horizontal well gravel packing mechanism test study is developed by large-scale real-size horizontal well gravel packing companies at home and abroad, a horizontal well gravel packing mathematical model is established, and horizontal well gravel packing numerical simulation, parameter optimization, sand control effect prediction and other studies are carried out, so that an ideal result is obtained.
However, the work of combining the water control oil production completion and the horizontal well gravel packing technology is not common abroad at present, the water control completion technology applied at present abroad mostly takes an inflow control device as a main part, the adaptive water control completion technology is not widely applied, and the corresponding gravel packing research work is hardly developed by combining the adaptive water control secondary well completion process research.
Chinese patent publication CN203808956U discloses a profile control device and system to solve the problem of on-site injection stoppage before profile control measures are performed in the prior art. The provided profile control device comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a third pipeline, wherein the first pipeline comprises a first input end, a second input end, a third input end and an output end; wherein the first pipeline output end is used for connecting an injection well pipeline; one end of the second pipeline is connected with the second input end; the third pipeline comprises an input port and an output port, and the output port of the third pipeline is connected with the third input port; the valve is installed in the third pipeline and is used for controlling the input of the third liquid into the first pipeline. Can realize the on-line profile control treatment of the polymer flooding oil field. The device is mainly used for controlling injection profile control agents, belongs to the field of active injection profile control, but the patent does not relate to the problem of controlling the outflow of a reservoir around a wellbore, and further does not relate to a device and a structure for controlling the outflow profile of fluid of the reservoir. The document 'big port oilfield bottom water reservoir horizontal well water control completion process' mainly introduces the analysis of the distribution rule of the horizontal section liquid production profile and the water control mechanism, develops the research of the horizontal well sectional water control completion process, forms 2 sectional water control completion pipe columns with different packing processes, realizes the screen pipe variable parameter design, but does not relate to the category of sectional water control, and even does not relate to the horizontal well completed by adopting the screen pipe in the early stage, and how to develop the tool and the method for sectional water control completion.
The current situation is as follows: for partial horizontal well completion, the problem of sand production in the production process after water control is also a very outstanding problem, so the sand control performance of the water control screen pipe is a very critical index, and particularly for siltstone, loose sandstone and common screen pipe, the sand control performance is difficult to achieve and sufficient liquid production amount, so the water control well completion application combining the horizontal well water control oil production technology and the horizontal well gravel packing technology is a very troublesome problem for the current petroleum technology development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a filling tool assembly, a self-adaptive water screen pipe string and an experimental method, which have the effects of reinforcing the stratum and preventing the screen pipe from deforming and blocking while preventing sand production and improve the oil yield and recovery ratio of a single well.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a filling tool assembly comprises a top packer, a first sealing device, a filling sliding sleeve and a second sealing device which are coaxially arranged and sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein central through holes of the top packer, the first sealing device, the filling sliding sleeve and the second sealing device are sequentially communicated, and a filling service tool is arranged in the communicated central through hole;
a liquid outlet hole is formed in the filling sliding sleeve;
the filling service tool can move up and down along the axis in the communicated central through hole, and positive circulation and reverse circulation of formation fluid are realized.
The filling service tool comprises a joint, a backwashing pipe, a central pipe, a double-way body and a setting ball seat which are coaxially arranged;
the inner wall of the lower end of the joint is connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the central pipe, and the outer wall of the lower end of the joint is connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the backwashing pipe; an annular space is formed between the outer wall of the central pipe and the inner wall of the backwashing pipe;
an outlet hole is formed in the wall of the backwashing pipe and is used for communicating the annular space with the outside of the backwashing pipe;
the upper end of the double-through body is respectively connected with the central pipe and the backwashing pipe, and the lower end of the double-through body is connected with the upper end of the seat sealing ball seat;
the seat sealing ball seat adopts a double-ball seat sealing ball seat, and can realize bidirectional sealing. The double-through body is of a cylindrical structure, and an inner channel and an outer channel are arranged on the double-through body;
the inner channel is a central through hole of the double-through body and is communicated with the central through hole of the central tube;
the outer channel is arranged in the wall of the double-through body, is parallel to the axis of the double-through body and penetrates from one end of the double-through body to the other end of the double-through body; the outer passage communicates with the annular space;
and filling holes are formed in the wall of the double-through body and are used for communicating the inner channel of the double-through body with the outside of the double-through body, but the filling holes are not communicated with the outer channel. Preferably, the inner wall of the upper end of the double-through body is connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the central tube through a pin;
the outer wall of the upper end of the double-through body is connected with the lower end of the backwashing pipe through a double-female reducing joint;
the outer wall of the upper end of the seat sealing ball seat is connected with the inner wall of the lower end of the double-pass body;
a ball seat sealing short section is arranged outside the seat sealing ball seat, and the upper end of the ball seat sealing short section is connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the double-way body;
a plurality of groups of skeleton sealing rings are arranged on the outer wall of the filling service tool;
the filling tool assembly further comprises a setting service tool located above the communicating central through hole;
the lower end of the seat seal service tool is connected with the upper end of the joint;
the setting service tool is matched with the top packer to realize the setting of the top packer;
preferably, the first sealing device and the second sealing device are respectively a first sealing cylinder and a second sealing cylinder; the filling tool assembly further comprises an extension pipe, one end of the extension pipe is connected with the first sealing cylinder, the other end of the extension pipe is connected with the filling sliding sleeve, and a central through hole of the extension pipe is communicated with the central through holes of the first sealing cylinder and the filling sliding sleeve;
preferably, at least one set of grooves parallel to its axis is provided on the outer wall of the filling service tool.
A self-adaptive water control sieve tube string provided with the filling tool assembly comprises a washing tube and at least one self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube; if a plurality of adaptive flow control water sieve pipes exist, the adaptive flow control water sieve pipes are connected in sequence;
the upper end of the first self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube is directly connected with the second sealing cylinder through a quick joint, or the upper end of the first self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube is connected with the lower end of a blind tube, and the upper end of the blind tube is connected with the second sealing cylinder through the quick joint;
the upper end of the flushing pipe is connected with the lower end of the seat sealing ball seat, and the lower end of the flushing pipe extends into the inner cavity of the last adaptive flow control water sieve pipe;
a positioning tool is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the washing pipe;
a positioning joint hoop is arranged on the inner wall of the blind pipe and can be matched with the positioning tool, when the positioning tool moves upwards, the positioning tool can pass through the positioning joint hoop, when the positioning tool moves downwards, the positioning tool is clamped by the positioning joint hoop, at the moment, a filling hole of the double-way body is positioned in a central through hole of the extension pipe, and a second sealing cylinder and a first sealing cylinder are both sealed by a framework sealing ring in the filling tool assembly;
a sliding sleeve opening and closing tool is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the flushing pipe and is positioned above the positioning tool;
be provided with the switch block on the sliding sleeve switch instrument, it can with go out the liquid hole cooperation on the sliding sleeve, will go out the liquid hole and close.
Preferably, the adaptive water screen pipe string further comprises a centralizer and a plug;
the centralizer is arranged on the outer wall of the middle part of the self-adaptive flow control water sieve pipe;
the pipe plug is connected to the lower end of the last self-adaptive flow control water sieve pipe.
The experimental method realized by utilizing the self-adaptive water sieve tube string comprises the following steps:
step A: building a ground horizontal well simulation experiment model;
and B, step: dropping the self-adaptive water sieve tube string;
c, step C: setting, checking and releasing the top packer;
d, step: and simulating formation gravel packing, reverse circulation well flushing, lifting the packing service tool, and ending the operation.
The operation of the step A comprises the following steps:
horizontally placing and fixing casings for simulating a shaft on an adjustable support, and additionally arranging observation holes between the casings; after the sleeve connection is finished, installing a wellhead four-way;
the operation of the step B comprises the following steps:
and (3) putting the self-adaptive water sieve tube string into a casing, and connecting the self-adaptive water sieve tube string with an oil tube, a pressure acquisition system and a flow acquisition system.
The operation of the step C comprises the following steps:
c1, set top packer: in a descending position, filling holes in the double-way body are sealed by a first sealing cylinder and a second sealing cylinder; the ball is thrown and seated, the ball is placed on a seating ball seat and is positively pressed towards the oil pipe, and the seating of the top packer is completed;
c2, seal top packer: lifting the filling service tool to a sealing checking position, pressing the casing, enabling liquid to flow downwards through an annular space between the top packer and the setting service tool, if the pressure is reduced, indicating that the top packer is not completely set, and then setting the top packer again; if the pressure rises, the setting of the top packer is qualified;
c3, release top packer: and separating the setting service tool from the top packer, slowly lifting the setting service tool, and if the hanging weight is not increased, releasing the setting service tool successfully.
The operation of the step D comprises the following steps:
d1, simulating formation gravel packing: the filling service tool is lowered to a filling position, the positioning tool is positioned at the upper end of the positioning coupling at the moment, the filling hole is communicated with the liquid outlet hole, the sand-carrying liquid carries the ultra-light sand to enter the annular space between the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube and the sleeve through the filling hole and the liquid outlet hole in sequence, the ultra-light sand in the sand-carrying liquid is blocked in an oil layer by the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube, the liquid in the sand-carrying liquid enters the annular space between the base tube and the flushing tube, enters the flushing tube through the bottom of the flushing tube and then sequentially enters the outer channel and the annular space, and then enters the annular space between the sleeve and the oil tube through the return hole to establish positive circulation and start filling operation;
d2, reverse circulation well flushing: after the filling operation is finished, lifting the filling service tool until the filling hole is positioned above the top packer, then pressing the casing pipe, enabling liquid to enter the interior of the setting service tool from the filling hole, enabling the liquid to flow upwards to enter an oil pipe and return to the ground, establishing reverse circulation, and washing out part of ultra-light sand remaining in the oil pipe;
and D3, pulling out the setting service tool and the filling service tool, and finishing the operation.
The step D1 further includes: the pressurization is more than 15T, so that the filling service tool is ensured not to be displaced in the whole filling operation process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the horizontal well self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube and the horizontal well gravel pack are combined, inflow speeds of fluids in different horizontal well sections can be controlled by the horizontal well self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube, the output speed of reservoir fluids in a high-permeability horizontal well section is delayed, the fluid production profile of the whole horizontal well shaft is balanced, bottom water coning is inhibited, the water breakthrough time of the horizontal well is delayed, separation of inflow of the horizontal well sections is realized by the gravel pack layer, a high-permeability sand blocking barrier is formed in an annular space between the sieve tube and an open hole (casing), transverse fluid channeling outside the self-adaptive sieve tube is prevented, the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube is ensured to control only formation fluids at the position, sand is prevented from being produced, the effect of reinforcing the formation and preventing deformation and blockage of the sieve tube is achieved, and the purposes of single well oil production and recovery rate are improved. The method can be used for evaluating the filling capacity of the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube, and has a good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a connection structure between inner and outer columns;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fill service tool;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of an adaptive flow control water sieve;
FIG. 4 is a schematic of a top packer setting;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a top packer seal test;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a positive cycle fill position;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the reverse cycle position.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention mainly aims at the phenomena that the horizontal well is easy to generate unbalanced liquid production, the bottom water on the side is tapered in, sand is produced and the like during the long-term production, and the invention provides an experiment method combining the adaptive flow control water sieve tube and gravel packing.
The invention comprises the following steps: the device comprises a ground horizontal well simulation experiment model, a data acquisition system, a self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube, a horizontal well filling tool (comprising a packer, a filling sliding sleeve and a filling service tool) and a matched plug, a centralizer and a blind pipe thereof.
Fig. 1 to 7 are actually horizontally arranged, and for convenience of illustration, all the drawings are rotated by 90 degrees clockwise to become a vertical direction, the upper end corresponds to the left end in the horizontal arrangement, and the lower end corresponds to the right end in the horizontal arrangement.
FIG. 1 is a screen pipe string and filling tool assembly of the present invention, comprising an outer pipe string and an inner pipe string, wherein the inner pipe string is installed in the outer pipe string, and the outer pipe string comprises a top packer 1, a sealing cylinder 2, an extension pipe 3, a sliding sleeve 4, a quick coupling 5, a blind pipe 6, a positioning joint hoop 7, a self-adaptive flow control water screen pipe 8, a centralizer 9 and a plug 10; the inner pipe column comprises a setting service tool 11, a filling service tool 12, a sliding sleeve opening and closing tool 13, a positioning tool 14 and a wash pipe 15. The sealing cylinder 2 comprises a first sealing cylinder and a second sealing cylinder.
In particular, the top packer 1 is primarily intended for use with a setting service tool for suspending screens and packing oil casing annulus.
The sealing cylinder 2 is mainly used for being matched with a filling service tool to realize a sealing function, and the sealing reliability in the filling operation is ensured.
The extension pipe 3 is a thickened casing pipe, and when the extension pipe is filled, the filling hole in the inner pipe column faces the extension pipe, so that the pipe column can be prevented from being punctured.
The filling sliding sleeve 4 is provided with a liquid outlet hole which is mainly used for providing a sand passage during gravel filling.
The first sealing cylinder, the extension pipe 3, the filling sliding sleeve 4 and the second sealing cylinder are sequentially in threaded connection, a filling hole of the inner pipe column is arranged between the first sealing cylinder and the second sealing cylinder during filling, and gravel is filled into an annular space between the screen pipe and the casing pipe from the filling hole through the filling sliding sleeve 4.
All parts above the quick connector 5 form the filling tool assembly, when the filling tool assembly is put into a well, after the sieve tube and the blind tube are put in, the filling tool assembly is difficult to be connected with the sieve tube and the blind tube, the quick connector 5 can prevent the tubular column from rotating, the filling tool assembly can be quickly connected with the sieve tube, and thread damage can be avoided.
If all the screen pipes are connected from the quick connector 5 downwards, a part of the screen pipes are unused, so that in order to save the screen pipes, a section of blind pipe 6 is additionally arranged between the quick connector and the screen pipes, the blind pipe 6 is of a tubular structure with two open ends, no opening is formed in the pipe wall of the blind pipe 6, an annular space between the outer wall of the blind pipe and the inner wall of the casing pipe is used for storing and storing sand, gravel between the blind pipe section and the casing pipe is used for supplementing gravel outside the screen pipes, which is taken away by fluid flow in the stratum, so that failure of gravel filling and sand control is prevented, the effect of supplementing the screen pipes and the open holes or the annular space of the casing pipe is achieved, and formation fluid is prevented from moving. The length of the blind pipe can be designed according to actual needs.
The positioning joint hoop 7 is mainly used for ensuring that a filling service tool does not shift during filling operation, the positioning joint hoop 7 is connected to the blind pipe 6 through threads, the upper portion and the lower portion of the positioning joint hoop 7 are connected with the blind pipe 6 through threads (namely the blind pipe 6 is divided into two sections which are respectively connected to two ends of the positioning joint hoop 7), the position of the positioning joint hoop 7 is related to a positioning tool on the inner pipe column, when the positioning tool is positioned at the positioning coupling, a filling hole in the inner pipe column is located in the extension pipe, and a second sealing barrel at the lower end of the filling sliding sleeve and a first sealing barrel at the upper end of the extension pipe are sealed by a framework sealing ring.
The self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube 8 is mainly used for flow control profile control and sand blocking of a horizontal well and is used as an inflow hole of shaft liquid. The self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube 8 is connected to the lower end of the blind pipe 6 through threads. The structure of the adaptive flow control water sieve tube 8 is shown in fig. 3, and comprises a precise composite filter sleeve 81, a base tube 82, a connecting device 83, a sealing device 84, an outer protective sleeve 85, a flow control device 86 (only the existing flow control device is adopted), a liquid inlet hole 87, and a replacing device 88 (the flow control device 86 can be replaced by taking down the replacing device 88 and the outer protective sleeve 85). The annular passage between the precise composite filter sleeve 81 and the base pipe 82 is a water passage. The lower end of the replacing device 88 is contacted with the upper end of an outer protective sleeve 85, the lower end of the outer protective sleeve 85 is contacted with the upper end of a connecting device 83, and the lower end of the connecting device 83 is contacted with the upper end of the precise composite filter sleeve 81; the flow regulating and water controlling device 86 is arranged in an annular space between the inner wall of the outer protective sleeve 85 and the outer wall of the base pipe 82, sealing devices 84 are respectively arranged at two ends of the flow regulating and water controlling device 86, the upper sealing device 84 is positioned in an annular space between the inner wall of the lower end of the replacing device, the inner wall of the upper end of the outer protective sleeve 85 and the outer wall of the base pipe 82, and the lower sealing device 84 is positioned in an annular space between the inner wall of the outer protective sleeve 85 and the outer wall of the base pipe 82; the connecting device 83 is located below the outer protective sheath 85, and the precision composite filter sheath 81 is located below the connecting device 83 (the black triangles in fig. 3 indicate the welding points). The base pipe 82 is provided with a liquid inlet hole 87, and the liquid inlet hole 87 is positioned in the middle of the flow regulating and water controlling device 86.
The centralizer 9 mainly plays a role in centralizing, protecting the sieve tube and ensuring that gravel is filled uniformly around the sieve tube.
The plug 10 is mainly used for sealing and guiding and is connected with the plug 8 through threads.
The setting service tool 11 (only the existing setting tool is adopted) is mainly used for being matched with a packer to realize the setting and the suspension of the packer.
The filling service tool 12 is mainly of a double-channel structure, and realizes positive circulation and reverse circulation. The plurality of rectangular black filled blocks in fig. 1 represent skeletal sealing rings, and the reference numeral 122 in fig. 2 represents skeletal sealing rings. The filling service tool 12 is configured as shown in fig. 2, and includes a joint 121 (the joint 121 is connected to the lower end of the setting service tool 11), a sealing ring 122 (a plurality of sealing rings 22 are provided on the outer wall of the whole filling service tool, and the number of the sealing rings is determined according to actual requirements, in fig. 2, only the sealing ring on the outer wall of the joint 121 is indicated for clarity of the figure), a central tube 124, a double-pass body 125, and a double-ball setting ball seat 127. The center pipe 124 is connected to the double passage body 125 and forms an annular space with the backwash pipe 123. The lower end of the central tube 124 is connected with the inner wall of the double-through body 125 through a pin, the double-through body 125 is provided with an inner channel and an outer channel, the inner channel is a central through hole, and the outer channel is at least one through hole parallel to the axis of the double-through body. The inner channel communicates with the central tube 124 and the outer channel communicates with the annular space between the backwash tube 123 and the central tube 124. At least one filling hole 126 (namely, a filling hole on the inner pipe column) is formed in the double-through body, a plurality of filling holes can be uniformly distributed on the circumference for pressure balance, and the filling holes 126 are communicated with the inner channel and play a role of returning water during filling. The fill hole 126 is not in communication with the outer passage. The seating ball seat 127 provides a two-way seal when filled. And a return hole is formed in the backwashing pipe 123 and communicates the annular space with the outside of the backwashing pipe, and the outside of the backwashing pipe is an annular space between the sleeve and the oil pipe during actual work. The backwashing pipe 123 is connected with the double-through body 125 through a double-female reducer union. The lower end of the double-way body 125 is connected with a ball seat sealing short section, the ball seat sealing short section is sealed with an internal seat sealing ball seat, an annular space between the ball seat sealing short section and the internal seat sealing ball seat is a bypass channel, and the bypass channel is communicated with an external channel of the double-way body; during filling, the liquid pushes the lower ball open and returns to the bypass channel through the channel on the ball seat. The groove 128 parallel to the axis is arranged on the outer wall of the filling service tool 12 and is used for protecting the framework sealing ring from being centered in the moving process, and when the framework sealing ring is lifted upwards, if impurities exist on the framework sealing ring, the pipe column can be prevented from being blocked through the groove. The tool shown in figure 2 is connected at its upper end to the packer setting tool 11 and at its lower end to the washpipe 15.
After the gravel packing is finished, the outer tubular column is fixed underground, the packing tool shown in figure 2 belongs to an inner tubular column, the inner tubular column is lifted out after the gravel packing is finished, and framework sealing rings above and below a packing hole are matched and sealed with an upper sealing cylinder and a lower sealing cylinder in the packing process.
The sliding sleeve opening and closing tool 13 is mainly used for realizing the opening and closing actions of the filling sliding sleeve 4. The switch block in the sliding sleeve switch tool 13 is matched with the liquid outlet hole in the filling sliding sleeve 4, and the sliding sleeve switch tool 13 moves upwards to close the liquid outlet hole in the filling sliding sleeve.
The positioning tool 14 is mainly matched with a positioning joint hoop to ensure that the filling service tool does not shift during filling operation. The positioning tool 14 is connected with the flushing pipe 15 through threads, an elastic sleeve is arranged outside the positioning tool 14, the elastic sleeve can pass through the positioning coupling 7 when being lifted up, but cannot pass through the positioning coupling 7 when being lowered down, and positioning is achieved.
A slide switch tool 13 and a positioning tool 14 are provided in the middle of the washpipe 15.
The washpipe 15 provides a return path primarily for gravel packing. The upper end of the washpipe 15 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the filling service tool 12. The tail end of the sliding sleeve switch tool 13 is connected with a section of oil pipe and then is in threaded connection with the head end of the positioning tool 14, and the sliding sleeve switch tool 13 and the positioning tool 14 are both connected with the flushing pipe 15 through threads.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the top packer setting, in the run-in position, the upper and lower ends of the filling hole 126 of the filling service tool 12 are in a sealed state, the ball is dropped and set, the ball is dropped on the setting ball seat 127, the tubing is being pressured, water flow cannot pass through the setting ball seat 127, and the pressure is raised (pressure is raised); when the pressure rises to 6-8Mpa, the shear pin in the top packer is sheared, the pressure continues to rise, and the piston in the top packer descends to push the slip teeth in the top packer out to be firmly clamped on the inner wall of the casing. And continuously boosting the pressure to expand the rubber sleeve in the top packer, sealing the annular space of the oil sleeve and completing the setting of the packer 1. The top packer is an existing packer and thus the specific structure of the packer is not shown in fig. 2 to simplify the drawing.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the top packer seal verification, the casing is pressurized and flows downwards through the annular space between the top packer 1 and the setting service tool 11, at this time, the sealing ring 122 of the filling service tool 12 is sealed in cooperation with the sealing cylinder 2, water flow cannot pass through the sealing ring, and the pressure rises to verify the sealing performance of the top packer rubber cylinder.
FIG. 1 is a view of the inner and outer strings in the initial position downhole, which is the packer setting position, and the inner string is lifted up to a positioning tool to be positioned on a positioning collar and then changed to a packing position. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a positive circulation packing position, which is lowered to the packing position, the positioning tool 14 is pressed and positioned at the upper end of the positioning coupling 7, and the pressure above 15T ensures that the packing service tool 12 does not shift during gravel packing, so as to perform packing operation on an oil layer, the sand-carrying fluid carries ultra-light sand through the packing holes 126 of the packing service tool 12, and enters the annular space between the adaptive flow control water sieve tube 8 and the casing pipe through the liquid outlet holes on the packing sliding sleeve 4, because the ultra-light sand in the sand-carrying fluid is blocked at the oil layer by the adaptive flow control water sieve tube 8, the liquid enters the annular space between the base pipe 82 of the adaptive flow control water sieve tube 8 and the flushing pipe 15, flows downwards and upwards through the bottom of the flushing pipe 15, directly enters the outer channel of the double-pass body 125 and enters the annular space formed by the central pipe 124 and the backwashing pipe 123 which are communicated with the outer channel of the backwashing pipe 123, and enters the annular space between the, and establishing a positive circulation flow, and performing positive circulation test and filling operation before filling operation.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a reverse circulation position, after the filling operation is finished, the service tool is lifted, the sliding sleeve switch tool 13 moves upwards to close the liquid outlet hole of the sliding sleeve 4, the service tool is lifted to the upper end of the top packer 1, the filling hole 126 of the filling service tool 12 is positioned, the casing pipe is pressed, water flows into the interior of the setting service tool 11 from the filling hole 126 of the filling service tool 12, flows upwards into the oil pipe and returns to the ground, reverse circulation is established, and part of ultra-light sand remaining in the oil pipe can be washed out of the ground.
The invention provides a secondary well completion gravel filling experimental scheme of a horizontal well self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube, which mainly aims at the problems that the sand production of the horizontal well is easy to cause sand burying of an oil layer, screen tube blockage, great abrasion damage to underground tools and ground equipment, yield reduction, final well shut-in and the like due to the phenomena of unbalanced liquid production along a horizontal well section and high edge bottom water coning speed caused by factors such as pressure drop funnels, rock heterogeneity, permeability anisotropy, pressure imbalance and the like in the production process of the horizontal well, and the phenomena of bottom hole pressure drop increase, rock strength, rock deformation characteristics and ground stress influence, plastic zone permeability influence, oil well water breakthrough and the like in the production process of the horizontal well, and the like, and delays the production speed of high-permeability horizontal well section reservoir fluid by arranging the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube in the whole horizontal well, and finally balances the liquid production profile of the horizontal well, the method has the advantages that edge bottom water coning is inhibited, the water breakthrough time of the horizontal well is delayed, gravel packing can be carried out on the annular space between the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube of the horizontal well and the open hole, a high-permeability sand blocking barrier is formed, sand production is prevented, the effect of reinforcing the stratum and preventing the sieve tube from deforming and blocking is achieved, and the purposes of improving the oil production and the recovery ratio of a single well are achieved.
According to the experiment method, parameters collected in the ground simulation experiment model of the horizontal well are optimized to achieve the optimal annular space filling efficiency, and finally, the complete secondary well completion gravel filling of the horizontal well self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube capable of being applied on site is obtained, so that the flow control profile control and sand blocking performance of the horizontal well are realized.
The experimental method mainly comprises the following steps:
step A: building a ground horizontal well simulation experiment model;
and B, step: feeding a self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube string and a filling tool assembly;
c, step C: setting, checking and releasing the top packer;
d, step: and simulating formation gravel packing, reverse circulation well flushing, lifting a service tool and finishing the operation.
After the steps A-D, the collected parameters comprise pressure, flow, sand ratio during filling and the number of the self-adaptive flow control water sieve pipes which are put in. And calculating theoretical discharge capacity and pressure during construction according to the number of the self-adaptive flow control water sieve pipes which are fed in, and verifying the discharge capacity and pressure during construction according to calculation. And pressure, flow and the like at different positions can be acquired according to actual needs.
The A step of building a ground horizontal well simulation experiment model is that a sleeve of a simulation shaft is horizontally arranged on an adjustable support and fixed, an observation hole is additionally arranged between the sleeves, the significance of the observation hole lies in the real-time observation of the filling condition in the experiment process, after the sleeve connection is completed, a wellhead cross joint is installed, and after a sieve tube string and a filling tool assembly are placed in, an oil tube (connected with a seat sealing service tool 11), a sleeve pressure acquisition system and a flow acquisition system are connected, the pressure (connected with the outer wall of the sieve tube and the upper part of a wellhead, the conditions of monitoring the pressure of the sieve tube and the pressure of the wellhead) and the flow acquisition system (connected with a general injection port and a discharge port) are connected to the upper end of a filling pipe column and a returned outlet.
And the step C comprises setting (figure 4) of a top packer, checking (figure 5) and releasing:
1) setting a packer: in the lower position, the upper end and the lower end of a filling hole 126 of the filling service tool 12 are in a sealed state, a ball is thrown and seated, the ball falls on a seating ball seat 127, the oil pipe is being pressed, water flow cannot pass through the seating ball seat 127, and pressure rise (pressure rise) occurs at the moment; when the pressure rises to 6-8Mpa, the shear pin is sheared, the pressure continues to rise, and the piston descends to push the slip teeth out to be firmly clamped on the inner wall of the casing. Continuously boosting to expand the rubber sleeve, sealing the annular space of the oil sleeve, and completing the setting of the packer 1;
2) and (4) seal checking of the packer: lifting the pipe column to a seal checking position, pressurizing the sleeve by 10Mpa, flowing downwards through the annular space of the top packer 1 and the setting service tool 11, sealing the sealing ring 122 of the filling service tool 12 and the sealing cylinder 2 in a matched manner, ensuring that water flow cannot pass through the sealing ring, and realizing the verification of the sealing performance of the rubber cylinder of the top packer by pressure rising, and proving that the setting of the top packer 1 is qualified by observing the pressure stabilization of a ground pressure gauge, if the pressure is reduced, indicating that the top packer is not completely set, and needing to be set again; when the sleeve is in the seal checking position, the sleeve is pressed.
3) Releasing: lifting the suspended weight to a neutral point, positively pressing the oil pipe by 21Mpa or positively rotating the oil pipe for 20 circles to separate the setting tool 11 from the top packer 1, slowly lifting the oil pipe for 2m, and if the suspended weight of the weight indicator is not increased, the releasing is successful;
and D, simulating formation gravel packing (figure 6), reverse circulation well flushing (figure 7), lifting a service tool to finish the operation:
1) simulating formation gravel packing: lowering to a filling position, pressing and positioning the positioning tool 14 at the upper end of the positioning coupling 7, pressurizing for more than 15T to ensure that the filling service tool 12 does not shift in the gravel filling process, and filling the oil layer, wherein the sand-carrying fluid carries the ultra-light sand to pass through the filling hole 126 of the filling service tool 12, and enters the annular space between the adaptive flow control water sieve tube 8 and the casing through the liquid outlet hole on the filling sliding sleeve 4, because the ultra-light sand in the sand-carrying fluid is blocked in the oil layer by the adaptive flow control water sieve tube 8, the liquid enters the annular space between the base tube 82 of the adaptive flow control water sieve tube 8 and the flushing pipe 15, flows downwards and upwards through the bottom of the flushing pipe 15, directly enters the outer channel of the double-pass body 125 and enters the annular space formed by communicating the central tube 124 and the backwashing pipe 123, and enters the annular space between the casing and the oil pipe through the return hole on the backwashing pipe 123 to establish a forward circulation flow path, at this time, the positive cycle test and the filling operation before the filling operation can be carried out;
2) reverse circulation well flushing: after the filling operation is finished, the service tool is lifted up, the sliding sleeve switch tool moves upwards, when the filling hole 126 is positioned above the top packer 1, the sleeve is pressed, liquid enters the interior of the setting service tool 11 from the filling hole 126 of the filling service tool 12, flows upwards into the oil pipe and returns to the ground, reverse circulation is established, and then the residual ultra-light sand in the oil pipe can be washed out of the ground;
3) finally, the setting service tool 11, the filling service tool 12 and the washing pipe 15 are taken out, and the operation is finished.
The invention adopts a flow control and profile control device (namely a flow control and water control device 86) with a spiral flow passing device to be combined with a precise composite sand control pipe, thereby delaying the output speed of reservoir fluid of a horizontal well section of a high-permeability zone, finally balancing the liquid production profile of a horizontal well shaft, inhibiting bottom water coning and delaying the water breakthrough time of the horizontal well. However, aiming at the problems that the horizontal well produces sand, so that sand is easily buried in an oil layer, a sieve tube is blocked, great abrasion damage is caused to underground tools and ground equipment, the yield is reduced, the well is finally closed and the like due to the phenomena of increased bottom hole pressure drop, the rock strength, the rock deformation characteristic and the ground stress, the influence of the permeability of a shaping area, water breakthrough of the oil well and the like in the production process of the horizontal well, the experiment method combining the horizontal well self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube and the horizontal well gravel packing is provided, the production speed of reservoir fluid of a high-permeability horizontal well section is delayed by arranging the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube below the whole horizontal well, the production profile of the horizontal well is finally balanced, bottom water coning is inhibited, the water breakthrough time of the horizontal well is delayed, gravel packing can be carried out on the annular space between the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube of, the sand production is prevented, simultaneously, the effect of reinforcing the stratum and preventing the sieve tube from deforming and blocking is achieved, and the purposes of improving the oil production and the recovery ratio of a single well are achieved.
The above-described embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be easily made based on the application and principle of the present invention disclosed in the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the method described in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, so that the above-described embodiment is only preferred, and not restrictive.
Claims (10)
1. A filling tool assembly, comprising: the filling tool assembly comprises a top packer, a first sealing device, a filling sliding sleeve and a second sealing device which are coaxially arranged and sequentially connected from top to bottom, central through holes of the top packer, the first sealing device, the filling sliding sleeve and the second sealing device are sequentially communicated, and a filling service tool is arranged in the communicated central through hole;
a liquid outlet hole is formed in the filling sliding sleeve;
the filling service tool can move up and down along the axis in the communicated central through hole, and positive circulation and reverse circulation of formation fluid are realized.
2. The filling tool assembly of claim 1, wherein: the filling service tool comprises a joint, a backwashing pipe, a central pipe, a double-way body and a setting ball seat which are coaxially arranged;
the inner wall of the lower end of the joint is connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the central pipe, and the outer wall of the lower end of the joint is connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the backwashing pipe; an annular space is formed between the outer wall of the central pipe and the inner wall of the backwashing pipe;
an outlet hole is formed in the wall of the backwashing pipe and is used for communicating the annular space with the outside of the backwashing pipe;
the upper end of the double-through body is respectively connected with the central pipe and the backwashing pipe, and the lower end of the double-through body is connected with the upper end of the seat sealing ball seat;
the seat sealing ball seat adopts a double-ball seat sealing ball seat, and can realize bidirectional sealing.
3. The filling tool assembly of claim 2, wherein: the double-through body is of a cylindrical structure, and an inner channel and an outer channel are arranged on the double-through body;
the inner channel is a central through hole of the double-through body and is communicated with the central through hole of the central tube;
the outer channel is arranged in the wall of the double-through body, is parallel to the axis of the double-through body and penetrates from one end of the double-through body to the other end of the double-through body; the outer passage communicates with the annular space;
and filling holes are formed in the wall of the double-through body and are used for communicating the inner channel of the double-through body with the outside of the double-through body, but the filling holes are not communicated with the outer channel.
4. The filling tool assembly of claim 3, wherein: the inner wall of the upper end of the double-through body is connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the central tube through a pin;
the outer wall of the upper end of the double-through body is connected with the lower end of the backwashing pipe through a double-female reducing joint;
the outer wall of the upper end of the seat sealing ball seat is connected with the inner wall of the lower end of the double-pass body;
a ball seat sealing short section is arranged outside the seat sealing ball seat, and the upper end of the ball seat sealing short section is connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the double-way body;
a plurality of groups of skeleton sealing rings are arranged on the outer wall of the filling service tool;
the filling tool assembly further comprises a setting service tool located above the communicating central through hole;
the lower end of the seat seal service tool is connected with the upper end of the joint;
the setting service tool is matched with the top packer to realize the setting of the top packer;
preferably, the first sealing device and the second sealing device are respectively a first sealing cylinder and a second sealing cylinder; the filling tool assembly further comprises an extension pipe, one end of the extension pipe is connected with the first sealing cylinder, the other end of the extension pipe is connected with the filling sliding sleeve, and a central through hole of the extension pipe is communicated with the central through holes of the first sealing cylinder and the filling sliding sleeve;
preferably, at least one set of grooves parallel to its axis is provided on the outer wall of the filling service tool.
5. An adaptive water screen string incorporating the filling tool assembly of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the self-adaptive water control sieve tube string comprises a washing tube and at least one self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube; if a plurality of adaptive flow control water sieve pipes exist, the adaptive flow control water sieve pipes are connected in sequence;
the upper end of the first self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube is directly connected with the second sealing cylinder through a quick joint, or the upper end of the first self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube is connected with the lower end of a blind tube, and the upper end of the blind tube is connected with the second sealing cylinder through the quick joint; the upper end of the flushing pipe is connected with the lower end of the seat sealing ball seat, and the lower end of the flushing pipe extends into the inner cavity of the last adaptive flow control water sieve pipe;
a positioning tool is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the washing pipe;
a positioning joint hoop is arranged on the inner wall of the blind pipe and can be matched with the positioning tool, when the positioning tool moves upwards, the positioning tool can pass through the positioning joint hoop, when the positioning tool moves downwards, the positioning tool is clamped by the positioning joint hoop, at the moment, a filling hole of the double-way body is positioned in a central through hole of the extension pipe, and a second sealing cylinder and a first sealing cylinder are both sealed by a framework sealing ring in the filling tool assembly;
a sliding sleeve opening and closing tool is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the flushing pipe and is positioned above the positioning tool;
the sliding sleeve opening and closing tool is provided with a switch block which can be matched with the liquid outlet hole in the sliding sleeve to close the liquid outlet hole;
the self-adaptive water sieve tube string further comprises a centralizer and a plug; the centralizer is arranged on the outer wall of the middle part of the self-adaptive flow control water sieve pipe; the pipe plug is connected to the lower end of the last self-adaptive flow control water sieve pipe.
6. An experimental method implemented by using the adaptive water screen pipe string of claim 5, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step A: building a ground horizontal well simulation experiment model;
and B, step: dropping the self-adaptive water sieve tube string;
c, step C: setting, checking and releasing the top packer;
d, step: and simulating formation gravel packing, reverse circulation well flushing, lifting the packing service tool, and ending the operation.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the operation of the step A comprises the following steps:
horizontally placing and fixing casings for simulating a shaft on an adjustable support, and additionally arranging observation holes between the casings; after the sleeve connection is finished, installing a wellhead four-way;
the operation of the step B comprises the following steps:
and (3) putting the self-adaptive water sieve tube string into a casing, and connecting the self-adaptive water sieve tube string with an oil tube, a pressure acquisition system and a flow acquisition system.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein: the operation of the step C comprises the following steps:
c1, set top packer: in a descending position, filling holes in the double-way body are sealed by a first sealing cylinder and a second sealing cylinder; the ball is thrown and seated, the ball is placed on a seating ball seat and is positively pressed towards the oil pipe, and the seating of the top packer is completed;
c2, seal top packer: lifting the filling service tool to a sealing checking position, pressing the casing, enabling liquid to flow downwards through an annular space between the top packer and the setting service tool, if the pressure is reduced, indicating that the top packer is not completely set, and then setting the top packer again; if the pressure rises, the setting of the top packer is qualified;
c3, release top packer: and separating the setting service tool from the top packer, slowly lifting the setting service tool, and if the hanging weight is not increased, releasing the setting service tool successfully.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein: the operation of the step D comprises the following steps:
d1, simulating formation gravel packing: the filling service tool is lowered to a filling position, the positioning tool is positioned at the upper end of the positioning coupling at the moment, the filling hole is communicated with the liquid outlet hole, the sand-carrying liquid carries the ultra-light sand to enter an annular space between the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube and the sleeve through the filling hole and the liquid outlet hole in sequence, the ultra-light sand in the sand-carrying liquid is blocked in an oil layer by the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube, the liquid in the sand-carrying liquid enters the annular space between the self-adaptive flow control water sieve tube and the flushing tube, enters the flushing tube through the bottom of the flushing tube and then sequentially enters the outer channel and the annular space, and then enters the annular space between the sleeve and the oil tube through the return hole to establish positive circulation and start filling;
d2, reverse circulation well flushing: after the filling operation is finished, lifting the filling service tool until the filling hole is positioned above the top packer, then pressing the casing pipe, enabling liquid to enter the interior of the setting service tool from the filling hole, enabling the liquid to flow upwards to enter an oil pipe and return to the ground, establishing reverse circulation, and washing out part of ultra-light sand remaining in the oil pipe;
and D3, pulling out the setting service tool and the filling service tool, and finishing the operation.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: the step D1 further includes: the pressurization is more than 15T, so that the filling service tool is ensured not to be displaced in the whole filling operation process.
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| CN114370253A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-19 | 西南石油大学 | Water-blocking and oil-increasing tool for stabilizing pressure during gravel filling and stratum blockage removal |
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