CN110670348A - Method for increasing flexibility of hemp textile fibers through osmopolymerization - Google Patents
Method for increasing flexibility of hemp textile fibers through osmopolymerization Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- D06M13/148—Polyalcohols, e.g. glycerol or glucose
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/207—Substituted carboxylic acids, e.g. by hydroxy or keto groups; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
- D06M13/268—Sulfones
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/327—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof
- D06M15/333—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber post-treatment, in particular to a method for increasing flexibility of hemp textile fibers by osmotic polymerization, which is characterized in that surface defects are formed by rolling degummed hemp fibers, and the crystallinity of the hemp fibers is reduced by utilizing a composite plasticizer, so that the toughness and the flexibility of the hemp fibers are increased; further adding the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion into butyl acrylate, and stably fixing the polyvinyl alcohol on the surface of the fiber through the permeation and polymerization of the butyl acrylate; butyl acrylate polymerizes on itself to form a polymer, further enhancing the flexibility of the hemp fiber. The method has the advantages of obvious improvement on the flexibility of the hemp fibers, small damage to the hemp fibers, and simple and easily-controlled treatment method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber post-treatment, in particular to a method for increasing flexibility of hemp textile fibers by osmopolymerization.
Background
Hemp is one of the earliest cultivated and utilized fibers in the world, Chinese hemp has two types of early ripening and late ripening, the early ripening fiber has excellent quality, for example, hemp belongs to the type, and the late ripening fiber is coarse and hard. Hemp is also called hemp, yunnan hemp, China hemp, etc., it is the highest tough fiber on earth, only needs a small amount of water and fertilizer in its growth, does not use any pesticide, and can be naturally decomposed, so the hemp fiber is an environment-friendly textile raw material. The hemp has excellent moisture absorption and sweat releasing performance, natural antibacterial health care performance, good soft comfort performance, excellent ultraviolet resistance, excellent high temperature resistance, unique wave absorption and adsorption performance and natural roughness style, is known as 'king of hemp', and is widely applied to the aspects of clothing, home textiles, hats, shoe materials, socks and the like. The hemp textile is especially suitable for being used as sun-proof clothes and various working clothes with special requirements, and also can be used as sun umbrellas, camping tents, fishing nets, ropes, lining materials and the like. The hemp textile can be used for indoor decoration and noise reduction besides being used for clothes.
The hemp has the excellent performances of sanitation, mildew and bacteria prevention, corrosion prevention, static prevention, ultraviolet absorption, quick moisture absorption and release, good drapability, flame retardance, comfort and the like, and does not have strong itching feeling like common hemp fabrics. Therefore, in recent years, in the textile field, hemp fibers have been increasingly favored as textile materials for clothing materials. Compared with cotton fabric, the hemp clothing can reduce the human body feeling temperature by about 5 ℃. The hemp fabric has excellent moisture absorption and air permeability, and the hemp fiber is very suitable to be used as a raw material of clothes. It is often used for clothes, bedding, etc.
However, hemp fiber products have poor fiber length uniformity, high rigidity, brittleness, hardness, easy breakage and poor cohesion, and fiber disintegration and breakage are easy to occur in the spinning process, so that the phenomena of coil sticking and hole breaking are easy to occur in the coiling process, web formation is not easy to occur in the carding process, and the phenomena of strip breaking, yarn breaking and the like in the strip forming process occur. On one hand, the hemp fiber has poor flexibility, which causes difficult textile processing, and on the other hand, the fiber structure and the microcrystal structure of the hemp fiber are different from cotton, ramie and flax, and the fiber is coarse and hard and has quite uneven length and fineness, so that the hemp grey cloth has rough surface and stiff hand feeling. Because hemp has the characteristics of short fiber, large batch-to-batch difference and large influence of humidity on strength, the following points should be noted in the spinning process: in order to ensure and improve the strength index of the yarn, the raw cotton is preferably long staple cotton or high-quality fine staple cotton 129, and the hemp is tested batch by a cotton inspection department, and the spinning process is adjusted according to the test fiber index. Other processes are the same, and after the long stapled cotton is adopted, the strength is obviously increased, and the evenness is improved at the same time. The ramie is pretreated, particularly the relative humidity is increased, and the ramie is ensured to be in a moisture releasing state in the spinning process. The local humidification is carried out on the production line, and the hemp is ensured to be in a high-strength state. The carding capacity of the carding and combing processes is properly enhanced, impurities are removed, the carding and combing rate is 3%, and the combing and dropping rate is about 25%. The twist of the roving is properly increased, and the phenomenon that the roving is interrupted or thick and thin parts are generated in the spinning production process to cause poor yarn levelness and further influence the strength is prevented. Properly adjusting partial technological parameters to improve yarn evenness and hairiness, thereby improving the luster and strength of the yarn.
For this reason, the hemp fibers need to be subjected to a flexible modification. For example, the biological cotton modified hemp is used for producing soft cotton hemp fibers, and the fibers can be further separated into thinner primary fiber bundles easily in subsequent mechanical processing. The knitted underwear is used for knitted underwear, and can not generate sticky body feeling when sweating, but can make people feel cool and refreshing; the cotton yarn modified hemp fiber is used for jeans, and the quality of the jeans can be improved by adding the hemp fiber, so that the jeans has wider adaptability and functionality, and the hemp jeans has thick and wild style, comfortable hand feeling, stiff and smooth shape, moisture absorption and ventilation; the silk-hemp interweaved satin formed by blending the hemp with various natural fibers and novel fibers has the luster and hand feeling of silk on the front side and the texture of hemp on the back side, and successfully integrates the advantages of silk fabrics and hemp textiles.
However, the softening modification of hemp itself is problematic in the current art. In the prior art, the crystal lattice of the cellulose crystal of the hemp fiber is changed under the action of alkali mainly by etching of NaOH solution, and the crystallinity of the hemp fiber is weakened, so that the fiber per se becomes soft and smooth. The technique has great damage to the fiber, and usually causes the fiber to be excessively short-stapled and even loses the function of the fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a method for increasing flexibility of hemp textile fibers by osmopolymerization, and solves the problem that excessive damage to a fiber structure is caused by softening of the hemp fibers directly treated by alkali in the prior art. The method for improving the flexibility of the hemp textile fiber through polymerization is characterized in that surface defects are formed on degummed hemp fibers through rolling, and the crystallinity of the hemp fibers is reduced by utilizing the composite plasticizer, so that the toughness and the flexibility of the hemp fibers are improved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method of osmotically polymerizing a flexibilized hemp textile fiber comprising the steps of:
step one, rolling the degummed hemp fiber by a compression roller, continuously soaking in a composite plasticizer, centrifuging, and drying to obtain plasticized hemp fiber;
step two, adding the plasticized hemp fibers into an air flow stirrer, spraying silicone oil while stirring, standing (standing for 24 hours under general conditions), continuously stirring, spraying the penetrating slurry while stirring, and standing (standing for 24 hours under general conditions) to obtain the penetrating hemp fibers;
and step three, adding the permeable hemp fibers into a reactor, heating to 60-100 ℃, reacting for 1-2 hours, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the flexibility-enhanced hemp textile fibers.
In order to increase the flexibility of the hemp fiber, the degummed hemp fiber is rolled to form surface defects, and the crystallinity of the hemp fiber is reduced by utilizing the composite plasticizer, so that the toughness and the flexibility of the hemp fiber are increased; further, the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion is added into butyl acrylate, the polyvinyl alcohol is stably fixed on the surface of the fiber through the permeation and polymerization of the butyl acrylate, and the butyl acrylate is polymerized to form a polymer, so that the flexibility of the hemp fiber is further enhanced. The method has the advantages of obvious improvement on the flexibility of the hemp fibers, small damage to the hemp fibers, and simple and easily-controlled treatment method.
The degummed hemp fiber is rolled by a compression roller, so that the surface of the hemp fiber is degraded, surface defects are formed by rolling the degummed hemp fiber, and the crystallinity of the hemp fiber is reduced by utilizing the composite plasticizer, so that the toughness and the flexibility of the hemp fiber are increased. The composite plasticizer has mild plasticization on the hemp fiber, is easy to permeate to reduce the crystallinity, assists in increasing the flexibility of the hemp fiber, and simultaneously enables the hemp fiber to permeate the subsequent modifier more easily.
The fibers are easy to disperse through airflow stirring, so that the silicone oil is fully contacted with the surfaces of the fibers; by spraying silicone oil, on one hand, the fiber is permeated, and on the other hand, the polymerization and fusion of butyl acrylate on the surface of the fiber are facilitated.
Further, the temperature of the press roll in the first step is 40-60 ℃, and the speed of the press roll is 5-10 m/min;
the soaking temperature in the first step is 40-80 ℃, and the soaking time is 1-2 h;
in the first step, the drying temperature is 80-140 ℃, and the drying time is 30-60 min;
the composite plasticizer in the first step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of glycerol, 1-3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.5-1.5 parts of dimethylolbutyric acid.
The degummed hemp fiber is rolled by a compression roller, so that the surface of the hemp fiber is degraded, specific surface defects are formed by rolling the degummed hemp fiber, and the crystallinity of the hemp fiber is reduced by utilizing the composite plasticizer, so that the toughness and the flexibility of the hemp fiber are improved. The temperature and the speed of the press roll are controlled in the process of pressing the press roll, so that the specific surface defects of the degummed hemp fibers are better formed by rolling.
The composite plasticizer is a compound of glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylolbutyric acid, has mild plasticizing performance on the hemp fiber, is easy to permeate to reduce the crystallinity, assists in increasing the flexibility of the hemp fiber, and simultaneously enables the hemp fiber to permeate the subsequent modifier more easily.
Further preferably, the temperature of the press roll in the first step is 40-50 ℃, and the speed of the press roll is 5-8 m/min;
the soaking temperature in the first step is 50-60 ℃, and the soaking time is 1-2 h;
in the first step, the drying temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the drying time is 30-60 min;
the composite plasticizer in the first step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1 part of dimethylolbutyric acid.
Preferably, the composite plasticizer is glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylolbutyric acid according to the mass ratio of 3: 2: 1, which has mild plasticization on hemp fibers, is easy to permeate to reduce crystallinity, assists in increasing flexibility of the hemp fibers, and simultaneously enables the hemp fibers to be more easily permeated with subsequent modifiers.
Further, the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the plasticized hemp fibers in the second step is (0.001-0.01): 1, the ventilation volume of the cross section of the unit groove body is 0.8-1.0 m when silicone oil is sprayed3·min-1·m-2；
And the mass ratio of the penetrating slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers in the second step is (0.01-0.1): 1, the ventilation of the unit groove body section is 0.4-0.6 m when the penetrating slurry is sprayed3·min-1·m-2。
Further preferably, the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the plasticized hemp fibers in the second step is 0.002: 1; and the mass ratio of the penetrating slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers in the second step is (0.03-0.05): 1. the fibers are easily dispersed by air flow stirring, so that the silicone oil is fully contacted with the surfaces of the fibers, and the spraying amount of the silicone oil is 0.2 percent of the mass of the fibers; by spraying silicone oil, on one hand, the fiber is permeated, and on the other hand, the polymerization and fusion of butyl acrylate on the surface of the fiber are facilitated. Uniformly mixing the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, butyl acrylate and azodiisoheptane to form osmotic slurry, further rolling in an airflow mixer, and spraying the osmotic slurry to fully infiltrate and wrap the osmotic slurry on the surface of the fiber, wherein the spraying amount of the osmotic slurry is 3-5% of the mass of the fiber.
In the process of spraying the silicone oil, the ventilation quantity of the sprayed silicone oil is larger, the spraying speed of the silicone oil is higher, and the viscosity of the silicone oil is lower, so that the silicone oil can be suitable for faster spraying. In the process of spraying the slurry, a relatively slow spray may be suitable in consideration of a relatively high viscosity of the slurry.
Further, the penetrating slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, 5-10 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.05-0.1 part of azodiisoheptane.
Uniformly mixing the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, butyl acrylate and azodiisoheptane to form osmotic slurry, further rolling in an airflow stirrer, and spraying the osmotic slurry to fully infiltrate and wrap the osmotic slurry on the surface of the fiber. The polyvinyl alcohol is stably fixed on the surface of the fiber through the infiltration and polymerization of butyl acrylate; butyl acrylate polymerizes on itself to form a polymer, further enhancing the flexibility of the hemp fiber.
Further preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 80-120 parts of water and 0.4-0.6 part of span-20. The polyvinyl alcohol emulsion is prepared by dispersing polyvinyl alcohol, water and span-20 at a high speed.
Further preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 100 parts of water and 0.5 part of span-20.
Further, the temperature of the heating reaction in the third step is 80-90 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-2 hours; and in the third step, the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 30-60 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: surface defects are formed by rolling the degummed hemp fibers, and the crystallinity of the hemp fibers is reduced by using the composite plasticizer, so that the toughness and the flexibility of the hemp fibers are improved; further adding the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion into butyl acrylate, and stably fixing the polyvinyl alcohol on the surface of the fiber through the permeation and polymerization of the butyl acrylate; butyl acrylate polymerizes on itself to form a polymer, further enhancing the flexibility of the hemp fiber. The method has the advantages of obvious improvement on the flexibility of the hemp fibers, small damage to the hemp fibers, and simple and easily-controlled treatment method.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
A method of osmotically polymerizing a flexibilized hemp textile fiber comprising the steps of:
step one, rolling the degummed hemp fiber at 40 ℃ through a rolling roller at the rolling speed of 5m/min to ensure that the surface of the hemp fiber is degraded, continuously soaking the degummed hemp fiber in a composite plasticizer at 40 ℃ for 2h, centrifuging, and drying at 80 ℃ for 60min to obtain plasticized hemp fiber;
step two, adding the plasticized hemp fibers into an airflow stirrer, and spraying silicone oil while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.001: 1, the ventilation of the cross section of the unit groove body is 0.8m when spraying the silicone oil3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24 hours, continuously stirring and spraying the osmotic slurry while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the osmotic slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.01: 1, the ventilation of the unit groove section is 0.4m when spraying the penetrating slurry3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24h to obtain permeable hemp fibers;
and step three, adding the permeable hemp fibers into a reactor, heating to 60 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, centrifuging, and drying at 100 ℃ for 60 minutes to obtain the flexibility-enhanced hemp textile fibers.
Specifically, the composite plasticizer in the first step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of glycerol, 1 part of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.5 part of dimethylolbutyric acid;
the penetrating slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, 5 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.05 part of azodiisoheptane;
the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 80 parts of water and 0.4 part of span-20.
Example 2
A method of osmotically polymerizing a flexibilized hemp textile fiber comprising the steps of:
step one, rolling the degummed hemp fiber at the temperature of 60 ℃ through a rolling roller at the rolling speed of 10m/min to ensure that the surface of the hemp fiber is degraded, continuously soaking the degummed hemp fiber in a composite plasticizer at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 1h, centrifuging, and drying at the temperature of 140 ℃ for 30min to obtain plasticized hemp fiber;
step two, adding the plasticized hemp fibers into an airflow stirrer, spraying silicone oil while stirring, wherein the silicone oil and the plasticized hemp fibersIs 0.01: 1, the ventilation of the cross section of the unit groove body is 1.0m when spraying the silicone oil3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24 hours, continuously stirring and spraying the osmotic slurry while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the osmotic slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.1: 1, the ventilation of the unit groove section is 0.6m when spraying the penetrating slurry3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24h to obtain permeable hemp fibers;
and step three, adding the permeable hemp fibers into a reactor, heating to 100 ℃, reacting for 1h, centrifuging, and drying at 100 ℃ for 30min to obtain the flexibility-enhanced hemp textile fibers.
Specifically, the composite plasticizer in the first step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of glycerol, 3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1.5 parts of dimethylolbutyric acid;
the penetrating slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, 10 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.1 part of azodiisoheptane;
the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 120 parts of water and 0.6 part of span-20.
Example 3
A method of osmotically polymerizing a flexibilized hemp textile fiber comprising the steps of:
step one, rolling the degummed hemp fiber at the temperature of 45 ℃ through a rolling roller at the rolling speed of 7m/min to enable the surface of the hemp fiber to be degraded, continuously soaking the hemp fiber in a composite plasticizer at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 1.2h, centrifuging, and drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 40min to obtain plasticized hemp fiber;
step two, adding the plasticized hemp fibers into an airflow stirrer, and spraying silicone oil while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.005: 1, the ventilation volume of the cross section of the unit groove body is 0.8-1.0 m when silicone oil is sprayed3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24 hours, continuously stirring and spraying the osmotic slurry while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the osmotic slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.05: 1, the ventilation of the unit groove section is 0.5m when spraying the penetrating slurry3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24h to obtain permeable hemp fibers;
and step three, adding the permeable hemp fibers into a reactor, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1.5h, centrifuging, and drying at 100 ℃ for 45min to obtain the flexibility-enhanced hemp textile fibers.
Specifically, the composite plasticizer in the first step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1.0 part of dimethylolbutyric acid;
the penetrating slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2, 6 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.06 part of azodiisoheptylene;
the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 90 parts of water and 0.5 part of span-20.
Example 4
A method of osmotically polymerizing a flexibilized hemp textile fiber comprising the steps of:
step one, rolling the degummed hemp fiber at 50 ℃ through a rolling roller at the rolling speed of 8m/min to enable the surface of the hemp fiber to be degraded, continuously soaking the degummed hemp fiber in a composite plasticizer at 60 ℃ for 1.8h, centrifuging, and drying at 100 ℃ for 50min to obtain plasticized hemp fiber;
step two, adding the plasticized hemp fibers into an airflow stirrer, and spraying silicone oil while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.002: 1, the ventilation of the cross section of the unit groove body is 0.9m when spraying the silicone oil3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24 hours, continuously stirring and spraying the osmotic slurry while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the osmotic slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.03: 1, the ventilation of the unit groove section is 0.5m when spraying the penetrating slurry3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24h to obtain permeable hemp fibers;
and step three, adding the permeable hemp fibers into a reactor, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1.5h, centrifuging, and drying at 100 ℃ for 50min to obtain the flexibility-enhanced hemp textile fibers.
Specifically, the composite plasticizer in the first step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1 part of dimethylolbutyric acid;
the penetrating slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, 8 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.08 part of azodiisoheptane;
the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 100 parts of water and 0.5 part of span-20.
Example 5
A method of osmotically polymerizing a flexibilized hemp textile fiber comprising the steps of:
step one, rolling the degummed hemp fiber at the temperature of 45 ℃ through a rolling roller at the rolling speed of 6m/min to enable the surface of the hemp fiber to be degraded, continuously soaking the hemp fiber in a composite plasticizer at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 1.5h, centrifuging, and drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 40min to obtain plasticized hemp fiber;
step two, adding the plasticized hemp fibers into an airflow stirrer, and spraying silicone oil while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.002: 1, the ventilation of the cross section of the unit groove body is 0.9m when spraying the silicone oil3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24 hours, continuously stirring and spraying the osmotic slurry while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the osmotic slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.05: 1, the ventilation of the unit groove section is 0.5m when spraying the penetrating slurry3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24h to obtain permeable hemp fibers;
and step three, adding the permeable hemp fibers into a reactor, heating to 85 ℃, reacting for 1.5h, centrifuging, and drying at 100 ℃ for 30min to obtain the flexibility-enhanced hemp textile fibers.
Specifically, the composite plasticizer in the first step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of glycerol, 3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1.5 parts of dimethylolbutyric acid;
the penetrating slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, 8 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.08 part of azodiisoheptane;
the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 110 parts of water and 0.5 part of span-20.
Example 6
A method of osmotically polymerizing a flexibilized hemp textile fiber comprising the steps of:
step one, rolling the degummed hemp fiber at 50 ℃ through a rolling roller at the rolling speed of 8m/min to enable the surface of the hemp fiber to be degraded, continuously soaking the degummed hemp fiber in a composite plasticizer at 50 ℃ for 2h, centrifuging, and drying at 100 ℃ for 40min to obtain plasticized hemp fiber;
step two, adding the plasticized hemp fibers into an airflow stirrer, and spraying silicone oil while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.002: 1, the ventilation of the cross section of the unit groove body is 1.0m when spraying the silicone oil3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24 hours, continuously stirring and spraying the osmotic slurry while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the osmotic slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.05: 1, the ventilation of the unit groove section is 0.5m when spraying the penetrating slurry3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24h to obtain permeable hemp fibers;
and step three, adding the permeable hemp fibers into a reactor, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, centrifuging, and drying at 100 ℃ for 60 minutes to obtain the flexibility-enhanced hemp textile fibers.
Specifically, the composite plasticizer in the first step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of glycerol, 3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1 part of dimethylolbutyric acid;
the penetrating slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, 5 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.1 part of azodiisoheptane;
the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 100 parts of water and 0.5 part of span-20.
Comparative example 1
Rolling the degummed hemp fiber at 40 ℃ through a rolling roller at the rolling speed of 5m/min to ensure that the surface of the hemp fiber is degraded, continuously soaking the hemp fiber in a composite plasticizer at 40 ℃ for 2h, centrifuging, and drying at 80 ℃ for 60min to obtain plasticized hemp fiber;
the composite plasticizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of glycerol, 1 part of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.5 part of dimethylolbutyric acid.
Comparative example 1 was plasticized directly without subsequent butyl acrylate polymerization flexibilization.
Comparative example 2
Step one, rolling the degummed hemp fiber at 40 ℃ through a rolling roller at the rolling speed of 5m/min to ensure that the surface of the hemp fiber is degraded, continuously soaking the degummed hemp fiber in a composite plasticizer at 40 ℃ for 2h, centrifuging, and drying at 80 ℃ for 60min to obtain plasticized hemp fiber;
step two, adding the plasticized hemp fibers into an airflow stirrer, and spraying silicone oil while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.001: 1, the ventilation of the cross section of the unit groove body is 0.8m when spraying the silicone oil3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24 hours, continuously stirring and spraying the osmotic slurry while stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the osmotic slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers is 0.01: 1, the ventilation of the unit groove section is 0.4m when spraying the penetrating slurry3·min-1·m-2Standing for 24h to obtain permeable hemp fibers;
and step three, adding the permeable hemp fibers into a reactor, heating to 60 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, centrifuging, and drying at 100 ℃ for 60 minutes to obtain the flexibility-enhanced hemp textile fibers.
The composite plasticizer in the first step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of glycerol, 1 part of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.5 part of dimethylolbutyric acid;
the penetrating slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.05 part of azobisisoheptane;
comparative example 2 no polyvinyl alcohol emulsion was added to the slurry, the rest being in accordance with example 1, with some reduction in fiber flexibility.
Comparative example 3
And (3) rolling the degummed hemp fiber at the temperature of 45 ℃ through a rolling roller at the rolling speed of 6m/min, so that the surface of the hemp fiber is degraded, and the pretreated hemp fiber is obtained.
Comparative example 3 only had a roller press treatment and no subsequent osmopolymerization for flexibility, as a blank control.
For qualitative performance comparison, the following tests were performed using the same batch of degummed hemp fibers, the hemp fibers treated in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 3. The results of the performance tests are shown in table 1, with the blank in table 1 being untreated hemp fiber, by the following performance tests.
Firstly, modulus testing: the test was performed on an electronic single fiber strength tester. The smaller the modulus, the softer the fiber. As in table 1.
II, micronaire value: referring to an air flow instrument method of a fineness test method in GB/T18147.4 hemp fiber test method, the definition of a micronaire value: a measure of the air permeability of a quantity of cotton fibers under specified conditions is expressed in terms of micronaire. The fiber is fine and soft, and the micronaire value is small; on the contrary, the fiber is coarse and hard, and the micronaire value is large. Micronaire values were tested on three sets of data. As in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the modulus of examples 1-6 is small, so it can be seen that the fibers of examples 1-6 are softer, with the fibers of examples 3-6 being relatively softer. The micronaire values of examples 1 to 6 were small, so that it can be seen that the fibers of examples 1 to 6 are softer, whereas the fibers of examples 3 to 6 are relatively softer. The deviation of the micronaire values of examples 1 to 6 was small. The fiber of comparative example 1 was untreated and was the hardest.
Claims (7)
1. A method of osmotically polymerizing a stiffened hemp textile fiber comprising the steps of:
step one, rolling the degummed hemp fiber by a compression roller, continuously soaking in a composite plasticizer, centrifuging, and drying to obtain plasticized hemp fiber; the composite plasticizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of glycerol, 1-3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.5-1.5 parts of dimethylolbutyric acid;
step two, adding the plasticized hemp fibers into an airflow stirrer, spraying silicone oil while stirring, standing, continuously stirring, spraying the penetrating slurry while stirring, and standing to obtain the penetrating hemp fibers; the penetrating slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, 5-10 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.05-0.1 part of azodiisoheptane;
and step three, adding the permeable hemp fibers into a reactor, heating to 60-100 ℃, reacting for 1-2 hours, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the flexibility-enhanced hemp textile fibers.
2. A method of osmotically polymerizing a stiffened flexible hemp textile fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the temperature of the press roll in the first step is 40-60 ℃, and the speed of the press roll is 5-10 m/min;
the soaking temperature in the first step is 40-80 ℃, and the soaking time is 1-2 h;
in the first step, the drying temperature is 80-140 ℃, and the drying time is 30-60 min.
3. A method of osmotically polymerizing a stiffened flexible hemp textile fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the temperature of the press roll in the first step is 40-50 ℃, and the speed of the press roll is 5-8 m/min;
the soaking temperature in the first step is 50-60 ℃, and the soaking time is 1-2 h;
in the first step, the drying temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the drying time is 30-60 min.
4. A method of osmotically polymerizing a stiffened flexible hemp textile fiber according to any one of claim 1, wherein:
in the second step, the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the plasticized hemp fibers is (0.001-0.01): 1, the ventilation volume of the cross section of the unit groove body is 0.8-1.0 m when silicone oil is sprayed3·min-1·m-2；
And the mass ratio of the penetrating slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers in the second step is (0.01-0.1): 1, the ventilation of the unit groove body section is 0.4-0.6 m when the penetrating slurry is sprayed3·min-1·m-2。
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein the mass ratio of silicone oil to plasticized hemp fiber in step two is 0.002: 1; and the mass ratio of the penetrating slurry to the plasticized hemp fibers in the second step is (0.03-0.05): 1.
6. a method of osmotically polymerizing a densified flexible hemp textile fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 80-120 parts of water and 0.4-0.6 part of span-20.
7. The method for osmotically polymerizing the increased flexibility hemp textile fiber according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the temperature rise reaction in the third step is 80-90 ℃ and the reaction time is 1-2 h; and in the third step, the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 30-60 min.
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