CN110668789A - Fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator and test sample preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator and test sample preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110668789A CN110668789A CN201911026614.6A CN201911026614A CN110668789A CN 110668789 A CN110668789 A CN 110668789A CN 201911026614 A CN201911026614 A CN 201911026614A CN 110668789 A CN110668789 A CN 110668789A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- powder
- test
- porcelain insulator
- taking out
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/36—Reinforced clay-wares
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3436—Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
- C04B2235/3454—Calcium silicates, e.g. wollastonite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
- C04B2235/522—Oxidic
- C04B2235/5224—Alumina or aluminates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
- C04B2235/522—Oxidic
- C04B2235/5232—Silica or silicates other than aluminosilicates, e.g. quartz
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/61—Mechanical properties, e.g. fracture toughness, hardness, Young's modulus or strength
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention relates to a fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator and a preparation method of a test sample thereof, and belongs to the technical field of porcelain insulators. The fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 32-38% of industrial alumina powder, 4-8% of waste porcelain powder, 40-46% of kaolin, 11-15% of feldspar, 0.7-1.5% of ceramic fiber and 1-2.5% of wollastonite; 0.2 to 0.45 percent of dispersant is added. The fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator has scientific and reasonable formula design and wide raw material source; the invention also provides a simple and convenient preparation method of the fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator test sample, which saves energy and reduces consumption, and the prepared test sample has the advantages of thin rod diameter, light weight, high strength and low blank breaking rate; the strength of the unglazed test strip has small dispersity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator and a preparation method of a test sample thereof, and belongs to the technical field of porcelain insulators.
Background
At present, the international company producing rod-shaped post porcelain insulators at a higher level is the European PPC company, and the company produces the rod diameter of 2m height of the post of the power station in the PFI factory in Austria
The maximum diameter is 2850mm and the diameter of the rod is about
The single-section manufacture of 220kV products has no technical problem. At present, domestic manufacturers can only produce products with the height of a single section of about 1700mm, and have the problems of thick rod diameter, heavy weight, low qualification rate and high production cost, and the products have no advantages and competitiveness.
The method is mainly related to the manufacturing mode of the insulator industry in China. Ceramic insulators in China are produced by more manufacturers mainly in a traditional forming mode, most of the ceramic insulators are made of mineral raw materials, impurities are more, components are not easy to control, and the ceramic insulators are large in material performance dispersity, unstable in quality and low in strength utilization rate. The advanced electrotechnical porcelain production enterprises in the world adopt standardized raw materials, and have the advantages of less impurities, stable performance, high qualification rate and the like; in addition, there are certain gaps in material preparation, equipment level, and the like.
The industrial alumina powder is pure, the waste ceramic powder is similar to a formula system, and the waste ceramic powder can be used as an excellent substitute raw material due to the excellent comprehensive technical performance advantages of high mechanical strength, high hardness, low high-frequency dielectric loss, high-temperature insulation resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, good heat conduction and the like. However, in practical application, domestic and foreign electrotechnical porcelain manufacturers have not been successful in applying industrial alumina powder to dry-process production of porcelain insulators due to the reasons of difficult forming, large internal stress, high firing temperature and the like, and only have application reports in the wet-process production process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the defects in the prior art are overcome, and the fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped support porcelain insulator is provided, and has scientific and reasonable formula design and wide raw material sources; the invention also provides a simple and convenient preparation method of the fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator test sample, which saves energy and reduces consumption, and the prepared test sample has the advantages of thin rod diameter, light weight, high strength and low blank breaking rate; the strength of the unglazed test strip has small dispersity.
The fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 32-38% of industrial alumina powder, 4-8% of waste porcelain powder, 40-46% of kaolin, 11-15% of feldspar, 0.7-1.5% of ceramic fiber and 1-2.5% of wollastonite; 0.2 to 0.45 percent of dispersant is added.
alpha-Al of the industrial alumina powder2O3The content is not less than 93 percent, and the median particle size is 3.5-4.8 mu m.
The waste porcelain powder is powder obtained by crushing and grinding waste products generated after the insulator is fired, and the residue of the powder is less than or equal to 1.5 percent after being sieved by a 325-mesh sieve.
The ceramic fiber is one or two of aluminum silicate fiber or alumina fiber.
The kaolin is one or two of calcined or non-calcined.
Preferably, the dispersant is PC-64, which is used for improving the fluidity and the suspension performance of the slurry.
In the formula system, the used waste porcelain powder is close to the formula system; the used industrial alumina powder has few impurities, high purity, high corundum phase content and excellent mechanical property; the ceramic fiber has the effect of enhancing the ceramic product, and the uniform and disordered reticular distribution of the ceramic fiber can enhance the blank body and reduce the blank breakage rate in the blank repairing process; the thermal expansion rate is small, the microcrystal structure of polycrystal can be always kept at high temperature, the expansion of microcracks can be prevented or reduced, and the dispersity of strength is reduced; the wollastonite is used as a common fluxing agent in ceramic glaze, can greatly reduce the firing temperature of a formula containing industrial alumina powder and waste porcelain powder, and meanwhile, because the finely ground wollastonite is split needle-shaped or short-fiber-shaped crystals, the strength of a blank and a product can be improved, the cracks of the product are reduced, and the like, and the wollastonite is rarely applied to blanks at present.
After the raw materials are organically combined, the problem of internal stress caused by industrial alumina powder can be solved, the strength of a white blank is improved, and the blank breaking phenomenon caused by instability of the conventional equipment can be avoided; meanwhile, the limitation caused by only using standard raw materials in the preparation of foreign insulator products can be avoided.
The preparation method of the fiber reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator test sample comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing ceramic fibers, and pre-grinding the ceramic fibers in a small ball-milling tank for later use;
(2) the raw materials are subjected to a grading ball milling mode, waste ceramic powder and kaolin are weighed and put into a ball mill for ball milling; weighing industrial alumina powder, feldspar and the ceramic fiber obtained in the step (1) and continuing ball milling; finally weighing wollastonite and a dispersing agent and continuously ball-milling;
(3) carrying out particle size test on the new ball-milled slurry obtained in the step (2), wherein the proportion of the particle size smaller than 10 mu m reaches the particle size control standard of 73 +/-1.5%, sieving, carrying out open milling, and removing iron by using a magnet rod;
(4) putting the new slurry subjected to iron removal in the step (3) into an oven at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ for baking for more than or equal to 2 hours, taking out the slurry, completely cooling, manually crushing the slurry into powder, and sieving the powder by a 50-60-mesh sieve;
(5) spreading the powder sieved in the step (4) on a film on an experiment table, performing spray granulation by using a spray container filled with tap water and simulating an ion spray tower at a position 40cm above the spray container, and uniformly mixing by a quartering method;
(6) the powder after spray granulation in the step (5) is wrapped up by a film below, the film is tightened, and the powder is aged;
(7) kneading the powder aged in the step (6) in a film for several times, then putting the film into a rubber bag, sleeving a steel basket on the rubber bag, pressing the film into a shape by a large dry-method cold isostatic press, and adopting a two-step pressure adding and releasing mode when a blank is pressed;
(8) polishing the blank sample obtained in the step (7) by scouring pad, putting a part of the processed white blank into an oven for drying, and using the white blank and the unglazed test strip for strength test, wherein the unglazed test strip is fired along with the product in a reducing atmosphere along with a production kiln; the other part is cut into test blocks (the height is 10-13 mm) to be tested in the sintering temperature range.
In the step (7), the press-forming curve is as follows: 0-60 MPa for 1-2 min; 60-105 MPa for 3-4 min; maintaining the pressure at 105MPa for 1-2 min; 105-60 MPa for 3-4 min; 60-0 MPa for 1-2 min.
In the step (8), the drying time of the test sample blank for the strength test is (72 +/-6) h.
In the step (8), the test block is fired in a test furnace, and the firing curve is as follows: room temperature-1000 deg.c, 300-350 min; the temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and the time is 90-100 min; 1200-1210 ℃ for 8-10 min; 1210-1210 ℃ for 9-10 min; 1210-1220 ℃, 2-3 min; taking out the test block 1 after 9-10 min at the temperature of 1220-1220 ℃; 1220-1230 ℃, 2-3 min; taking out the test block 2 after 9-10 min at 1230-1230 ℃; 1230-1240 ℃ for 2-3 min; taking out a test block 3 after 9-10 min at the temperature of 1240-1240 ℃; 1240-1250 ℃ for 2-3 min; taking out the test block 4 after 9-10 min at 1250-1250 ℃; 1250-1260 ℃, 2-3 min; taking out the test block 5 after 1260-1260 ℃ for 9-10 min; 1260-1270 ℃ for 2-3 min; the test block 6 is taken out after 9-10 min at the temperature of 1270-1270 ℃; 1270-1280 ℃, 2-3 min; taking out a test block 7 after 9-10 min at 1280-1280 ℃; 1280-1290 ℃ and 2-3 min; 1290-1290 ℃ and taking out the test block 8 after 9-10 min.
In the prior art, the method is generally applied to the step ball milling in daily ceramics, and is rarely applied to the step ball milling in industrial ceramics.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the addition of the ceramic fiber is beneficial to reducing the internal stress of the blank body, reducing the strength dispersity of the blank body and the unglazed test strip and improving the overall strength of the white blank and the unglazed test strip, thereby improving the utilization rate of the design;
(2) the raw materials adopt a grading ball milling mode, and the raw materials with coarse particles and difficult grinding are subjected to advanced and focused ball milling, so that the ball milling efficiency can be greatly improved, the ball milling time is shortened, and the energy consumption is reduced;
(3) the two-step method has short curve pressing time, simple and convenient operation and high working efficiency;
(4) manual spraying and staleness are adopted, so that the brittle failure rate of test strip demoulding is reduced while the actual production is simulated;
(5) the initial non-red absorption point of the test electric furnace is 1240 ℃, which is equivalent to the conventional electric porcelain formula and has no additional fuel consumption output.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diameter comparison of samples tested for bar strength;
where a is a sample prepared using a conventional formulation and b is a sample prepared using a formulation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the practice of the invention.
All the raw materials are commercially available.
Example 1
TABLE 1 formulation for preparing porcelain insulators
The preparation process of the thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator test sample is as follows:
(1) the raw materials were prepared according to the formulation of table 1. Respectively weighing industrial alumina powder, waste porcelain powder, kaolin, feldspar, wollastonite and PC-64 according to the weight percentage for later use;
(2) placing the aluminum silicate fibers and the alumina fibers into a small ball milling tank for pre-milling for 5min, and weighing according to the formula in the table 1 for later use;
(3) putting waste porcelain powder and kaolin into a test ball mill for ball milling for 4 hours; then continuing ball milling the industrial alumina powder, the feldspar and the ceramic fiber for 2 hours; finally, placing the wollastonite and the PC-64 into a ball mill for ball milling for 1 h;
(4) sieving, grinding and removing iron by using a magnet bar after the granularity test is qualified;
(5) putting the de-ironed new slurry into a drying oven at 150 ℃ for drying for 2h, taking out, completely cooling, manually crushing into powder, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve;
(6) spreading the sieved powder on a film on an experiment table, performing spray granulation by using a spray container filled with tap water and simulating an ion spray tower at the position 40cm above the spray container, and uniformly mixing by a quartering method;
(7) the powder after spray granulation is wrapped up by a film at the lower part, the film is tightened, and the powder is aged; the staling time is 24 h;
(8) kneading the aged powder in a film for several times, then putting the film into a rubber bag, sleeving a steel basket on the outside, and pressing the film into a shape by a large dry-method cold isostatic press, wherein the pressing curve is as follows: 0-60 MPa for 1.5 min; 60-105 MPa for 3 min; maintaining the pressure at 105MPa for 2 min; 105-60 MPa for 3 min; 60-0 MPa for 1.5 min;
(9) and (3) polishing the formed blank sample by scouring pad, putting a part of the processed white blank into an oven for drying, and testing the strength of the white blank and a glaze-free test strip, wherein the drying time is 72 h. The other part is cut into test blocks for testing the sintering temperature range, the height of the test block is 11mm, and the sintering curve is as follows: room temperature-1000 deg.c for 300 min; 90min at 1000-1200 ℃; 1200-1210 ℃ for 10 min; 1210-1210 ℃ for 9 min; 1210-1220 ℃ for 2 min; 1220-1220 ℃, 9min (taking out the test block 1); 1220-1230 ℃ for 2 min; 1230-1230 ℃ for 9min (taking out a test block 2); 1230-1240 ℃ for 2 min; 1240-1240 ℃ and 9min (taking out a test block 3); 1240-1250 ℃ for 2 min; 1250-1250 ℃ for 9min (taking out the test block 4); 1250-1260 ℃, 2 min; 1260-1260 ℃, 9min (taking out the test block 5); 1260-1270 ℃ for 2 min; 1270-1270 ℃ for 9min (taking out the test block 6); 1270-1280 ℃ for 2 min; 1280-1280 ℃ and 9min (taking out a test block 7); 1280-1290 ℃ for 2 min; 1290-1290 ℃ for 9min (taking out a test block 8).
The strength of the unglazed bars was fired according to the company's 3# kiln curve.
The test effect of the sample prepared by applying the formula and the preparation method is as follows:
TABLE 2 comparison of the Strength of white blanks and unglazed test bars prepared from conventional formulations and the formulation of this example
Forming test strips for testing patents and conventional formulas according to a two-step method pressing curve, and testing the flexural strength, wherein the average value of the strength of the white blank test strips prepared according to the patent formula is 3.02MPa, the maximum value deviates from the average value by 3.21%, and the minimum value deviates from the average value by 2.65%; the average value of the strength of the unglazed test strip is 182.8MPa, the maximum value deviates from the average value by 3.17 percent, and the minimum value deviates from the average value by 2.02 percent. The average value of the strength of the white blank test strip prepared by the conventional electroceramic formula is 2.39MPa, the maximum value deviates from the average value by 13.09%, and the minimum value deviates from the average value by 18.83%; the strength of the unglazed test strip was 166.4MPa, the maximum deviated from the mean value by 11.54% and the minimum deviated from the mean value by 11.48%.
TABLE 3 comparison of conventional formulations with the in-furnace firing temperature ranges used in the test for the formulations of this example
Example 2
Table 4 formula for preparing porcelain insulator
The preparation process of the thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator test sample is as follows:
(1) the raw materials were prepared according to the formulation of table 1. Respectively weighing industrial alumina powder, waste porcelain powder, kaolin, feldspar, wollastonite and PC-64 according to the weight percentage for later use;
(2) placing the alumina fiber into a small ball milling tank for pre-milling for 6min, and weighing according to the formula in the table 1 for later use;
(3) putting waste porcelain powder and kaolin into a test ball mill for ball milling for 4 hours; then continuing ball milling the industrial alumina powder, the feldspar and the ceramic fiber for 2.1 h; finally, placing the wollastonite and the PC-64 into a ball mill for ball milling for 0.9 h;
(4) sieving, grinding and removing iron by using a magnet bar after the granularity test is qualified;
(5) putting the de-ironed new slurry into a drying oven at 150 ℃ for drying for 2h, taking out, completely cooling, manually crushing into powder, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve;
(6) spreading the sieved powder on a film on an experiment table, performing spray granulation by using a spray container filled with tap water and simulating an ion spray tower at the position 40cm above the spray container, and uniformly mixing by a quartering method;
(7) the powder after spray granulation is wrapped up by a film at the lower part, the film is tightened, and the powder is aged; the staling time is 26 h;
(8) kneading the aged powder in a film for several times, then putting the film into a rubber bag, sleeving a steel basket on the outside, and pressing the film into a shape by a large dry-method cold isostatic press, wherein the pressing curve is as follows: 0-60 MPa for 1 min; 60-105 MPa for 3 min; maintaining the pressure at 105MPa for 2 min; 105-60 MPa for 3 min; 60-0 MPa for 1 min.
(9) And (3) polishing the formed blank sample by scouring pad, putting a part of the processed white blank into an oven for drying, and testing the strength of the white blank and a glaze-free test strip, wherein the drying time is 70 h. The other part is cut into test blocks for testing the sintering temperature range, the height of the test block is 11mm, and the sintering curve is as follows: room temperature-1000 deg.c for 310 min; 90min at 1000-1200 ℃; 1200-1210 ℃ for 10 min; 1210-1210 ℃ for 10 min; 1210-1220 ℃ for 2 min; 1220-1220 ℃, 10min (taking out the test block 1); 1220-1230 ℃ for 2 min; 1230-1230 ℃ for 10min (taking out a test block 2); 1230-1240 ℃ for 2 min; 1240-1240 ℃ for 10min (taking out a test block 3); 1240-1250 ℃ for 2 min; 1250-1250 ℃ for 10min (taking out the test block 4); 1250-1260 ℃, 2 min; 1260-1260 ℃, 10min (taking out the test block 5); 1260-1270 ℃ for 2 min; 1270-1270 ℃ for 10min (taking out the test block 6); 1270-1280 ℃ for 2 min; 1280-1280 ℃ for 10min (taking out a test block 7); 1280-1290 ℃ for 2 min; 1290-1290 ℃ for 10min (taking out a test block 8).
The strength of the unglazed bars was fired according to the company's 3# kiln curve.
The test effect of the sample prepared by applying the formula and the preparation method is as follows:
TABLE 5 comparison of the Strength of white blanks and unglazed test bars prepared from conventional formulations and the formulation of this example
Forming test strips for testing patents and conventional formulas according to a two-step method pressing curve, and testing the flexural strength, wherein the average value of the strength of the white blank test strips prepared according to the patent formula is 2.71MPa, the maximum value deviates from the average value by 4.43 percent, and the minimum value deviates from the average value by 3.69 percent; the strength of the unglazed bars has an average value of 169.8MPa, the maximum value deviates from the average value by 4.48 percent, and the minimum value deviates from the average value by 4.12 percent. The average value of the strength of the white blank test strip prepared by the conventional electroceramic formula is 2.39MPa, the maximum value deviates from the average value by 13.09%, and the minimum value deviates from the average value by 18.83%; the strength of the unglazed test strip was 166.4MPa, the maximum deviated from the mean value by 11.54% and the minimum deviated from the mean value by 11.48%.
TABLE 6 comparison of conventional formulations with the in-furnace firing temperature ranges used in the test for the formulations of this example
Example 3
TABLE 7 formulation for preparing porcelain insulators
The preparation process of the thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator test sample is as follows:
(1) the raw materials were prepared according to the formulation of table 1. Respectively weighing industrial alumina powder, waste porcelain powder, kaolin, feldspar, wollastonite and PC-64 according to the weight percentage for later use;
(2) placing the aluminum silicate fibers into a small ball milling tank for pre-milling for 5min, and weighing according to the formula shown in the table 1 for later use;
(3) putting waste porcelain powder and kaolin into a test ball mill to be ball-milled for 4.5 hours; then continuing ball milling the industrial alumina powder, the feldspar and the ceramic fiber for 1.5 h; finally, placing the wollastonite and the PC-64 into a ball mill for ball milling for 1 h;
(4) sieving, grinding and removing iron by using a magnet bar after the granularity test is qualified;
(5) putting the de-ironed new slurry into a drying oven at 150 ℃ for drying for 2h, taking out, completely cooling, manually crushing into powder, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve;
(6) spreading the sieved powder on a film on an experiment table, performing spray granulation by using a spray container filled with tap water and simulating an ion spray tower at the position 40cm above the spray container, and uniformly mixing by a quartering method;
(7) the powder after spray granulation is wrapped up by a film at the lower part, the film is tightened, and the powder is aged; the staling time is 25 h;
(8) kneading the aged powder in a film for several times, then putting the film into a rubber bag, sleeving a steel basket on the outside, and pressing the film into a shape by a large dry-method cold isostatic press, wherein the pressing curve is as follows: 0-60 MPa for 2 min; 60-105 MPa for 4 min; maintaining the pressure at 105MPa for 1 min; 105-60 MPa for 4 min; 60-0 MPa for 2 min.
(9) And (3) polishing the formed blank sample by scouring pad, putting a part of the processed white blank into an oven for drying, and testing the strength of the white blank and a glaze-free test strip, wherein the drying time is 74 h. The other part is cut into test blocks for testing the sintering temperature range, the height of the test block is 11mm, and the sintering curve is as follows: room temperature-1000 deg.c, 330 min; 1000-1200 ℃ for 95 min; 1200-1210 ℃ for 8 min; 1210-1210 ℃ for 10 min; 1210-1220 ℃ for 3 min; 1220-1220 ℃, 10min (taking out the test block 1); 1220-1230 ℃ for 3 min; 1230-1230 ℃ for 10min (taking out a test block 2); 1230-1240 ℃ for 3 min; 1240-1240 ℃ for 10min (taking out a test block 3); 1240-1250 ℃ for 3 min; 1250-1250 ℃ for 10min (taking out the test block 4); 1250-1260 ℃, 3 min; 1260-1260 ℃, 10min (taking out the test block 5); 1260-1270 ℃ for 3 min; 1270-1270 ℃ for 10min (taking out the test block 6); 1270-1280 ℃ for 3 min; 1280-1280 ℃ for 10min (taking out a test block 7); 1280-1290 ℃ for 3 min; 1290-1290 ℃ for 10min (taking out a test block 8).
The strength of the unglazed bars was fired according to the company's 3# kiln curve.
The test effect of the sample prepared by applying the formula and the preparation method is as follows:
table 8 comparison of the strengths of white blanks and unglazed test bars prepared from example 2 and formulas # 1 and # 2
Test strips for testing are formed according to a patent and a conventional formula by pressing curves in a two-step method mode, and the bending strength is tested, wherein the average value of the strength of the white blank test strip prepared in the example 2 is 2.71MPa, the maximum value deviates from the average value by 4.43 percent, and the minimum value deviates from the average value by 3.69 percent; the strength of the unglazed bars has an average value of 169.8MPa, the maximum value deviates from the average value by 4.48 percent, and the minimum value deviates from the average value by 4.12 percent. The average value of the strength of the white blank test strip prepared by the formula No. 1 is 2.24MPa, the maximum value deviates from the average value by 12.5 percent, and the minimum value deviates from the average value by 11.61 percent; the strength of the unglazed test strip was 148.62MPa, with the maximum deviating from the mean value by 13.11% and the minimum deviating from the mean value by 7.41%. The average value of the strength of the white blank test strip prepared by the formula No. 2 is 2.47MPa, the maximum value deviates from the average value by 10.18 percent, and the minimum value deviates from the average value by 8.87 percent; the strength of the unglazed test strip was 153.96MPa, with the maximum deviating from the mean value by 9.59% and the minimum deviating from the mean value by 9.05%.
TABLE 9 comparison of example 2 with the 1# and 2# formulations using the firing temperature range of the test furnace
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a thin high clavate pillar porcelain insulator of fiber reinforcement which characterized in that: the material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 32-38% of industrial alumina powder, 4-8% of waste porcelain powder, 40-46% of kaolin, 11-15% of feldspar, 0.7-1.5% of ceramic fiber and 1-2.5% of wollastonite; 0.2 to 0.45 percent of dispersant is added.
2. The fiber-reinforced thin-high rod post porcelain insulator according to claim 1, wherein: alpha-Al of industrial alumina powder2O3The content is not less than 93 percent, and the median particle size is 3.5-4.8 mu m.
3. The fiber-reinforced thin-high rod post porcelain insulator according to claim 1, wherein: the waste porcelain powder is powder obtained by crushing and grinding waste products generated after the insulator is fired, and the residue of the powder is less than or equal to 1.5 percent after being sieved by a 325-mesh sieve.
4. The fiber-reinforced thin-high rod post porcelain insulator according to claim 1, wherein: the ceramic fiber is one or two of aluminum silicate fiber or alumina fiber.
5. The fiber-reinforced thin-high rod post porcelain insulator according to claim 1, wherein: the dispersant is PC-64.
6. A method for preparing a fiber-reinforced fine high rod post porcelain insulator test specimen according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing ceramic fibers, and pre-grinding the ceramic fibers in a small ball-milling tank for later use;
(2) the raw materials are subjected to a grading ball milling mode, waste ceramic powder and kaolin are weighed and put into a ball mill for ball milling; weighing industrial alumina powder, feldspar and the ceramic fiber obtained in the step (1) and continuing ball milling; finally weighing wollastonite and a dispersing agent and continuously ball-milling;
(3) carrying out particle size test on the new ball-milled slurry obtained in the step (2), wherein the proportion of the particle size smaller than 10 mu m reaches the particle size control standard of 73 +/-1.5%, sieving, carrying out open milling, and removing iron by using a magnet rod;
(4) putting the new slurry subjected to iron removal in the step (3) into an oven at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ for baking for more than or equal to 2 hours, taking out the slurry, completely cooling, manually crushing the slurry into powder, and sieving the powder by a 50-60-mesh sieve;
(5) spreading the powder sieved in the step (4) on a film on an experiment table, performing spray granulation by using a spray container filled with tap water and simulating an ion spray tower at a position 40cm above the spray container, and mixing by a quartering method;
(6) the powder after spray granulation in the step (5) is wrapped up by a film below, the film is tightened, and the powder is aged;
(7) kneading the powder aged in the step (6) in a film for several times, then putting the film into a rubber bag, sleeving a steel basket on the rubber bag, pressing the film into a shape by a large dry-method cold isostatic press, and adopting a two-step pressure adding and releasing mode when a blank is pressed;
(8) polishing the blank sample obtained in the step (7) by scouring pad, and drying a part of the processed white blank in an oven to be used for testing the strength of the white blank and a glaze-free test strip; the other part is cut into test blocks for testing the sintering temperature range.
7. The method for preparing a fiber-reinforced fine high rod post porcelain insulator test specimen according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (7), the press-forming curve is as follows: 0-60 MPa for 1-2 min; 60-105 MPa for 3-4 min; maintaining the pressure at 105MPa for 1-2 min; 105-60 MPa for 3-4 min; 60-0 MPa for 1-2 min.
8. The method for preparing a fiber-reinforced fine high rod post porcelain insulator test specimen according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (8), the drying time of the test sample blank for the strength test is 72 +/-6 h.
9. The method for preparing a fiber-reinforced fine high rod post porcelain insulator test specimen according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (8), the unglazed test strip is fired along with the product in a reducing atmosphere along with the production kiln.
10. The method for preparing a fiber-reinforced fine high rod post porcelain insulator test specimen according to claim 6, characterized in that: the height of the test block in the step (8) is 10-13 mm; the test block is sintered in a test furnace, and the sintering curve is as follows: room temperature-1000 deg.c, 300-350 min; the temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and the time is 90-100 min; 1200-1210 ℃ for 8-10 min; 1210-1210 ℃ for 9-10 min; 1210-1220 ℃, 2-3 min; taking out the test block 1 after 9-10 min at the temperature of 1220-1220 ℃; 1220-1230 ℃, 2-3 min; taking out the test block 2 after 9-10 min at 1230-1230 ℃; 1230-1240 ℃ for 2-3 min; taking out a test block 3 after 9-10 min at the temperature of 1240-1240 ℃; 1240-1250 ℃ for 2-3 min; taking out the test block 4 after 9-10 min at 1250-1250 ℃; 1250-1260 ℃, 2-3 min; taking out the test block 5 after 1260-1260 ℃ for 9-10 min; 1260-1270 ℃ for 2-3 min; the test block 6 is taken out after 9-10 min at the temperature of 1270-1270 ℃; 1270-1280 ℃, 2-3 min; taking out a test block 7 after 9-10 min at 1280-1280 ℃; 1280-1290 ℃ and 2-3 min; 1290-1290 ℃ and taking out the test block 8 after 9-10 min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911026614.6A CN110668789A (en) | 2019-10-26 | 2019-10-26 | Fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator and test sample preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911026614.6A CN110668789A (en) | 2019-10-26 | 2019-10-26 | Fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator and test sample preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110668789A true CN110668789A (en) | 2020-01-10 |
Family
ID=69084283
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911026614.6A Pending CN110668789A (en) | 2019-10-26 | 2019-10-26 | Fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator and test sample preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110668789A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060070554A1 (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2006-04-06 | Braunreiter Carl J | Molded three-dimensional insulator |
| US20140057083A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2014-02-27 | Imae Industry Co., Ltd | Heat insulating composition, heat insulator using same, and method for manufacturing heat insulator |
| CN108264366A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-07-10 | 合肥尚强电气科技有限公司 | A kind of ageing-resistant ceramic insulator and preparation method thereof |
| CN109020512A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-18 | 中材江西电瓷电气有限公司 | Dry production extra-high voltage solid-core post porcelain insulator green body and its preparation method and application |
| CN109390112A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-26 | 醴陵市东方电瓷电器有限公司 | A kind of coloured glaze is for needle type ceramic insulators and preparation method thereof |
| CN109970436A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-05 | 中材江西电瓷电气有限公司 | Industrial alumina powder substitutes the formula and its preparation method and application of high-quality calcined bauxite in powder dry production pillar porcelain insulator |
-
2019
- 2019-10-26 CN CN201911026614.6A patent/CN110668789A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060070554A1 (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2006-04-06 | Braunreiter Carl J | Molded three-dimensional insulator |
| US20140057083A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2014-02-27 | Imae Industry Co., Ltd | Heat insulating composition, heat insulator using same, and method for manufacturing heat insulator |
| CN108264366A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-07-10 | 合肥尚强电气科技有限公司 | A kind of ageing-resistant ceramic insulator and preparation method thereof |
| CN109020512A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-18 | 中材江西电瓷电气有限公司 | Dry production extra-high voltage solid-core post porcelain insulator green body and its preparation method and application |
| CN109390112A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-26 | 醴陵市东方电瓷电器有限公司 | A kind of coloured glaze is for needle type ceramic insulators and preparation method thereof |
| CN109970436A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-05 | 中材江西电瓷电气有限公司 | Industrial alumina powder substitutes the formula and its preparation method and application of high-quality calcined bauxite in powder dry production pillar porcelain insulator |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 于占江等: "《国家示范性专业重点规划教材 摩擦材料生产工艺》", 31 January 2018, 天津大学出版社 * |
| 张泾生: "《现代选矿技术手册 第1册 破碎筛分与磨矿分级》", 31 March 2016, 冶金工业出版社 * |
| 曲远方: "《现代陶瓷材料及技术》", 31 May 2008, 华东理工大学出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107721380B (en) | Preparation method of low-cost high-aluminum ceramic sheet | |
| CN112125651B (en) | Preparation method of compact calcium hexaluminate-corundum complex phase ceramic | |
| CN104496438B (en) | A kind of quartz sand ore mine tailing or silica sand ore deposit mine tailing base high-strength ceramic plate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110028303B (en) | Reinforced porcelain prepared from common domestic ceramic blank and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110194656B (en) | Medium-high strength insulator material formula and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113929437B (en) | Low-temperature sintered sanitary ceramic body and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107399988A (en) | A kind of method for preparing alumina carbon SiClx composite porous ceramic using aluminium silicon systems industrial residue | |
| CN112898003B (en) | High-strength siliceous brown glaze electric porcelain and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113213887A (en) | Ceramic vessel with high thermal shock resistance and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108610073A (en) | A kind of fire resisting cracking resistance composite brick and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110950633A (en) | Electric porcelain insulator and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105036167A (en) | Calcium hexaluminate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104140233B (en) | A kind of low iron heat insulating casting material of 1200 DEG C of levels used for industrial furnace and preparation method | |
| CN110668789A (en) | Fiber-reinforced thin and high rod-shaped post porcelain insulator and test sample preparation method thereof | |
| CN109081687B (en) | High thermal shock resistance ceramic crucible suitable for calcining lithium battery anode material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111333323A (en) | Composition for preparing matte white glaze and firing method of matte white glaze | |
| CN103553699A (en) | Method for preparing foam heat-insulating material from barren coal gangue industrial waste | |
| CN112939589B (en) | Thermal shock resistant ceramic brick and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105036699A (en) | High-strength and durable ganged brick prepared by utilizing aluminium scruff ash | |
| CN113896517A (en) | Method for preparing mullite-corundum complex-phase ceramic by using bauxite clinker waste | |
| CN107265868B (en) | Microcrystalline glass prepared from Qing mountain flour and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104140273B (en) | A kind of low iron heat insulating casting material of 1100 DEG C of levels used for industrial furnace and preparation method | |
| CN108947469B (en) | Method for preparing silicon dioxide composite tailing slag heat insulation material from iron tailings | |
| CN114249577A (en) | Aggregate for clay insulating brick and preparation method thereof, clay insulating brick and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108409144A (en) | A kind of preparation method of low-temperature sintering type cinder microcrystalline glass material |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200110 |