CN110668719A - Vertical cement clinker grate type particle grading cooler and cooling method - Google Patents
Vertical cement clinker grate type particle grading cooler and cooling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110668719A CN110668719A CN201911112188.8A CN201911112188A CN110668719A CN 110668719 A CN110668719 A CN 110668719A CN 201911112188 A CN201911112188 A CN 201911112188A CN 110668719 A CN110668719 A CN 110668719A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
- C04B7/47—Cooling ; Waste heat management
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
- C04B7/47—Cooling ; Waste heat management
- C04B7/475—Cooling ; Waste heat management using the waste heat, e.g. of the cooled clinker, in an other way than by simple heat exchange in the cement production line, e.g. for generating steam
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of cement firing equipment, and particularly relates to a vertical cement clinker grate type particle grading cooler, wherein a kiln door cover is arranged on the upper layer of the cooler; a fine material cooling area is arranged below the kiln door cover and close to one side of the rotary kiln, a coarse material cooling area is arranged at one side of the fine material cooling area, and the fine material cooling area and the coarse material cooling area are separated by an isolation cooling wall; the upper end of the fine material cooling area is obliquely provided with a two-stage screening and filtering grid plate for filtering clinker; and a secondary cooling area for cooling all the blanking again is arranged at the lower layer of the cooler, the secondary cooling area comprises a plurality of blanking ash hoppers arranged at the bottom end of the cooler, and the cooled clinker is finally collected into a zipper machine below the cooler by the blanking ash hoppers. According to the invention, clinker is respectively cooled in a grading way, so that a good heat exchange effect can be achieved, the material layer resistance of the clinker is reduced, and the purposes of energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved; the countercurrent heat exchange process of clinker and air is realized twice, and the cooling effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cement firing equipment, in particular to a vertical cement clinker grate type particle grading cooler and a cooling method.
Background
The cooler is a cooling device commonly used in a cement burning system; currently, a horizontal cooler is mainly adopted in the industry, but the existing horizontal cooler does not carry out particle thickness separation, and carries out heat exchange between air flow and solid through local countercurrent heat exchange; meanwhile, the horizontal cooler needs a large amount of cooling air, and the power consumption is high; in addition, only the hot air in the first three air chambers returns to the firing system, so that the heat recovery efficiency is low.
On the other hand, the existing vertical cooler finishes heat exchange by the downward movement of the vertical accumulated clinker and the countercurrent movement of the cooling air moving upwards, thereby greatly improving the gas-solid heat exchange efficiency, reducing the air volume for the cooler and reducing the heat consumption and the power consumption; however, the following problems also exist:
1) in order to improve the cement quality, the clinker discharged from the rotary kiln needs to be rapidly cooled; in the upper space of the vertical cooler, the discharged clinker exchanges heat with high-temperature air (above 600 ℃), and the quenching effect of the discharged clinker is difficult to achieve;
2) the resistance of the vertically piled materials is large, and according to experimental data and field tests, the air resistance of about 800Pa is brought to each 100mm of clinker, and if the clinker thickness is more than 1.5m, the air pressure of 12000Pa is required, which does not include the resistance of equipment such as a grate plate, a roller crusher and the like. An excessively high resistance leads to an increase in power consumption, which is not in accordance with the original intention of providing vertical cooling. Therefore, most of the vertical coolers still stay in the theoretical calculation stage, and there are few cases of successful use.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention develops a vertical cement clinker pneumatic particle grading cooler and a cooling method; the specific scheme is as follows: 1. blowing air in sections, and introducing new cooling air to the upper part of the cooler to enhance the quenching effect of the clinker; 2. the clinker particles are separated in a coarse-fine mode, the resistance of the coarse-particle clinker in a stacking state is greatly reduced, the air resistance of the coarse particles is reduced to about 1/3 according to the calculation of an ergun equation, and even if the stacking height of the coarse particles reaches 2m, the resistance of the coarse particles does not exceed 10000 Pa.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vertical cement clinker grate type particle grading cooler is characterized in that the upper layer of the cooler is a kiln door cover; one side of the kiln door cover is connected with the rotary kiln and the tertiary air pipe; the tertiary air pipe is communicated with the decomposing furnace;
a fine material cooling area is arranged below the kiln door cover and close to one side of the rotary kiln, and the fine material cooling area comprises a fine material side air inlet and a fine material side air outlet which are used for reversely exchanging heat with the blanking; one side far away from the rotary kiln is a coarse material cooling area, and the bottom of the coarse material cooling area comprises a coarse material side air inlet arranged on the side surface of the area; the fine material cooling area and the coarse material cooling area are separated by an isolation cooling wall;
the upper end of the fine material cooling area is obliquely provided with two stages of screening and filtering grid plates for filtering clinker, the two stages of screening and filtering grid plates are arranged right below a kiln discharge point of the rotary kiln, and the lower end parts of the two stages of screening and filtering grid plates are connected with the upper end of the isolation cooling wall; in addition, the two-stage screening and filtering grid plates are arranged in parallel and form an included angle of 40-60 degrees with the horizontal direction; the size of the grid gap of the upper grid plate is larger than that of the grid gap of the lower grid plate;
and a secondary cooling area for cooling all the blanking again is arranged at the lower layer of the cooler, the secondary cooling area comprises a plurality of blanking ash hoppers arranged at the bottom end of the cooler, and the cooled clinker is finally collected into a zipper machine below the cooler by the blanking ash hoppers.
Furthermore, the two-stage sieving and filtering grid plate is made of nickel alloy, and a ceramic patch is arranged on the contact surface of the grid plate and clinker; the interior of the two-stage sieving and filtering grid plate is of a hollow shell structure, and a plurality of vent holes which can enable an external air source to enter the cooler are formed in the positions, right opposite to the grid gaps, of the grid plate; the interior of the grid plate is connected with a ventilator outside the cooler, and normal temperature air is blown into the grid plate from one side through the ventilator and is discharged from the vent hole on the other side.
Furthermore, a plurality of air cannons for sweeping the grid plates are arranged above the two-stage screening grid plates, and the air cannons are over against clinker particles on the upper parts of the grid plates; pressure sensors are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the two-stage grate plate, and the operation of the air cannon is controlled through feedback signals of the pressure sensors.
Further, a rod valve or a gate valve is arranged at the bottom of the fine material area, a discharging pore plate is arranged below the rod valve or the gate valve, the discharging pore plate is a metal plate with holes in the thickness direction, and the cooled fine materials enter the secondary cooling area through the discharging pore plate.
Furthermore, a plurality of pairs of roller crushers are arranged at the bottom of the coarse material cooling area, a material baffle plate for guiding coarse materials into a roller gap is arranged on each of two sides of each pair of roller crushers, and the roller crushers can crush the clinker with large particle size to the required particle size.
Furthermore, the coarse material cooling area also comprises a plurality of layers of cylindrical metal grids horizontally arranged at the upper part of the roller crusher, and each layer of metal grid comprises a plurality of supporting columns which are inserted into the cooler from the outside at equal intervals; the support column is a hollow shell structure with a plurality of air holes on the surface; the inner sides of the supporting columns are communicated with an air blower outside the cooler, and the air blower blows air into the cooler through the air holes.
Further, the coarse material side air inlet and/or the fine material side air inlet obliquely enter the cooling machine at an angle of 40-50 degrees downwards.
Furthermore, the cooling method of the vertical cement clinker pneumatic particle grading cooler comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling the clinker fired from the rotary kiln to fall onto a primary screening grate plate through a kiln door cover, wherein the primary screening grate plate can filter out large clinker and simultaneously buffer the falling of the clinker; the secondary screening grid plate further performs secondary screening on the clinker; meanwhile, the air cannon sweeps the material on the grate plate at variable time to prevent the blockage of the grate gap;
s2, vertically dropping the screened fine materials into the bottom of a fine material cooling area; in the falling process, cooling air continuously cools the fine materials;
s3, enabling clinker exceeding the size of the gap of the grate plate to slide into a coarse material cooling area, stacking coarse materials on one side close to the fine material cooling area in a pile shape to a certain height, and enabling coarse material particles to move downwards to perform countercurrent heat exchange with cooling air;
s4, crushing the cooled coarse particles into smaller particles by a roller crusher, and allowing the smaller particles to enter a secondary cooling area; the fine materials on the other side also fall into a secondary cooling area after being cooled;
s5, cooling the coarse and fine clinker again in a secondary cooling area, controlling the temperature within 100 ℃, and finally discharging the clinker to an external zipper machine through a discharging ash hopper;
s6, the high-temperature hot air after heat exchange in the cooler rises and is divided into two parts through a kiln door cover, wherein one part of the high-temperature hot air enters the rotary kiln as secondary air to be used as combustion-supporting air for fuel combustion in the kiln, and the other part of the high-temperature hot air enters a tertiary air pipe to be sent to the decomposing furnace as combustion-supporting air for fuel combustion in the decomposing furnace.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the particle size distribution range of the existing cement fired clinker is 0.1-500 mm, wherein the proportion of particles with the particle size of more than 10mm is 60-80%, and the clinker with larger particle size is more difficult to cool. The invention provides a method for filtering clinker discharged from a kiln step by using a screening grate plate, thereby realizing the particle size classification of the clinker and then respectively cooling, not only achieving good heat exchange effect, but also reducing the material layer resistance of the clinker, greatly reducing the air quantity for a cooler, simultaneously ensuring the temperature of the clinker discharged from the cooler to be within 100 ℃, and reducing the power consumption of sintering; meanwhile, low air volume means that the air temperature is increased after cooling, the heat recovery efficiency is improved, and the heat consumption of the system can be reduced or converted into the waste heat power generation amount.
The vertical cooler also controls the clinker temperature of the final cooling machine within 100 ℃ through the two cooling processes of the clinker from top to bottom, and the cooling effect is good;
the air cannons can be matched with the pressure sensors on the upper side and the lower side of the two-stage grate plate, the distribution condition of materials on the grate plate can be judged by monitoring the pressure difference between the upper side and the lower side of the grate plate, once the grate gap is blocked by the materials, the air cannons can be used for blowing the upper part of the grate plate, or the ventilation of the grate plate is increased, and clinker particles at the grate gap are directly blown.
The high-temperature hot air after heat exchange in the cooler rises and is divided into two parts through the kiln door cover, wherein one part of the high-temperature hot air enters the rotary kiln as secondary air to be used as combustion-supporting air for fuel combustion in the kiln, and the other part of the high-temperature hot air enters the tertiary air pipe as tertiary air to be sent to the decomposing furnace as combustion-supporting air for fuel combustion in the decomposing furnace, so that the heat recovery efficiency is high.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a chiller in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cooling machine in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of a chiller in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the state of use of the cooling machine in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a primary screening grate plate in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Wherein: 1. a rotary kiln; 2. a tertiary air pipe; 3. a kiln door cover; 4. a fines cooling zone; 41. a first-stage screening grate plate; 42. a secondary screening grid plate; 43. performing grate joint; 44. a fine material side air inlet; 45. a vent hole; 46. a fine material side air outlet; 47. an air cannon; 48. a fine bar valve; 49. blanking hole plates; 5. a coarse material cooling area; 51. a coarse material side air inlet; 52. a striker plate; 53. a roll crusher; 54. a metal grid; 6. an isolation cooling wall; 7. a discharging ash bucket; 71. a lower layer cooling air inlet; 72. and a lower layer cooling air outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in figures 1 to 5, the invention discloses a vertical cement clinker grate type particle grading cooler, the upper layer of the cooler is a kiln door cover 3; one side of the kiln door cover 3 is connected with the rotary kiln 1 and the tertiary air pipe 2; the tertiary air pipe 2 is communicated with the decomposing furnace; the clinker after calcination in the rotary kiln is generally about 1400 ℃, falls after being discharged through a kiln door cover 3, and is subjected to particle grading and cooling; the high-temperature hot air after heat exchange in the cooler rises and is divided into two parts through a kiln door cover 3, wherein one part of the high-temperature hot air enters the rotary kiln 1 as secondary air to be used as combustion-supporting air for fuel combustion in the kiln, and the other part of the high-temperature hot air enters the tertiary air pipe 2 as tertiary air to be sent to the decomposing furnace to be used as combustion-supporting air for fuel combustion in the decomposing furnace;
a fine material cooling area 4 is arranged below the kiln door cover 3 and close to one side of the rotary kiln, a coarse material cooling area 5 is arranged at one side far away from the rotary kiln 1, and the fine material cooling area and the coarse material cooling area are separated by an isolation cooling wall 6 vertically arranged in a cooler; specifically, the isolation cooling wall 6 vertically penetrates through the middle part of the cooler in a manner of protection of temperature-resistant metal and castable, so as to separate the coarse material cooling area 4 from the fine material cooling area 5. Specifically, the main body of the isolation cooling wall is made of high-temperature-resistant nickel alloy, and the outside of the wall body is coated with a pouring material for heat preservation and high-temperature protection.
The fine material cooling area 4 is used for accumulating fine materials with the particle size smaller than 10mm in the clinker discharged from the kiln, the fine materials and cooling air move reversely in the accumulation state to exchange heat, the accumulation height of the fine materials is about 500-800 mm, and the residence time of the fine materials in the fine material cooling area 4 is about 20 min;
the upper end of the fine material cooling area 4 is provided with a primary screening and filtering grid plate 41 for filtering clinker, and the grid plate is arranged right below a discharging point of the rotary kiln; in order to prevent material accumulation, the primary screening and filtering grid plate 41 is arranged in the cooler in a downward inclination manner at an angle of 40-60 degrees with the horizontal direction, and two ends of the primary screening and filtering grid plate are supported by adopting a supporting structure; preferably, the distance L between the highest point of the grate plate and a discharging point (the lowest discharging point of the rotary kiln) is about 400-1000 mm;
a secondary screening grate plate 42 is arranged in parallel at a position 400-800 mm below the primary screening grate plate 41; the size of the grid seam 43 of the first-stage screening grid plate is larger than that of the grid seam 43 of the second-stage screening grid plate; the lower end part of the two-stage screening and filtering grid plate is connected with the upper end of the isolation cooling wall; so that the coarse particle clinker subjected to the two-stage filtration can fall into the coarse material cooling area 5; the two-stage sieving and filtering grid plate is made of nickel alloy, can resist 1500 ℃ of temperature without deformation, and the contact surface of the grid plate and clinker is provided with a ceramic patch to prevent the grid plate from being worn.
Preferably, the two-stage screening and filtering grid plate adopts an internal hollow shell structure; a plurality of air holes 45 which can enable an external air source to enter the cooling machine are formed in the positions, right opposite to the grid seams 43, of the grid plates, the inner portions of the grid plates are connected with a ventilator outside the cooling machine, and normal-temperature air is blown into the grid plates from one side through the ventilator and is exhausted from the air holes in the other side; and the residual air which does not enter the cooler enters a waste heat boiler or an exhaust gas treatment system. The cooling function of the grid plate is to reduce the temperature of the grid plate, keep the rigidity and rigidity of the grid plate and avoid deformation or abrasion of the grid plate by clinker. The temperature of the grate plate can be controlled to be about 200 ℃ through air cooling, and meanwhile, high-pressure gas is sprayed from the air holes 45 to blow the grate gap 43, so that material accumulation at the grate gap 43 can be avoided.
Furthermore, the fines cooling zone 4 comprises at its bottom side fines side inlet openings 44 arranged on both sides of the fines cooling zone and on the cooler front side (seen in the direction of the rotary kiln); normal temperature air is introduced into the fine material side air inlet to carry out primary cooling on the fine material side material, the fine material side air inlet is inclined downwards by 40-50 degrees to enter the fine material cooling area 4, the material can be prevented from entering the kiln door cover 3 or the coarse material cooling area 5 along with air, meanwhile, a downward speed component can be given to the entering cooling air, and the air material heat exchange time is prolonged.
The fine material side air inlet 44 and the fine material side air outlet 46 form circulating air for reversely exchanging heat with the blanking materials, and in addition, the hot air is discharged, so that a large amount of hot air can be prevented from being blown upwards from the screening and filtering grid plate, clinker particles float above the screening and filtering grid plate, and the grid gap 43 is blocked.
The particle size distribution of the cement sintered clinker is in the range of 0.1-500 mm, wherein the proportion of particles with particle sizes of more than 10mm is in the range of 60-80%, and the clinker with larger particle sizes is more difficult to cool. Preferably, the grate gaps of the primary screening and filtering grate plate 41 are 50-150 mm; the grate gap of the secondary screening and filtering grate plate 42 is 10-20mm, so that fine materials with the particle size of less than 10-20mm in the clinker discharged from the kiln fall into the fine material cooling area 4 on the lower side after being screened by the two-stage grate plate;
in order to prevent materials from being accumulated above the grid plate, a plurality of air cannons 47 are arranged above the two-stage screening grid plate in a close distance, and the air cannons are over against clinker particles on the upper part of the screening grid plate; pressure sensors are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the two-stage grate plate, and the operation of the air cannon is controlled through feedback signals of the pressure sensors. Once the grid gap 43 is blocked by the material, the air cannon 47 can be used for blowing the upper part of the screening grid plate, or the ventilation of the screening grid plate is increased, so that the grid gap 43 is directly blown.
The bottom of the fine material cooling area 4 is also provided with a fine material rod valve 48 (or a gate valve) for supporting fine materials, the stacking height of the fine material area is adjusted through the opening of the fine material rod valve 48, and the blanking speed of the fine materials can be changed according to different insertion depths and numbers of the fine material rod valve; preferably, the fine material cooling zone 4 further comprises a blanking orifice plate 49 arranged below the fine material rod valve 48; the blanking hole plate is a metal plate with holes opened in the thickness direction, and the hole height is 20-50 mm; the blanking orifice plate 49 cooperates with a rod valve or a gate valve to control the blanking speed of the fine material together. The cooled fines pass through the blanking orifice 49 and into the secondary cooling zone of the lower deck.
Coarse materials with the particle size of more than 10mm in the clinker discharged from the kiln are sieved by a two-stage sieving and filtering grid plate, and then slide into a coarse material cooling area 5 along the direction of the grid plate, the coarse particle clinker has larger particle size, large porosity in a stacking state and smaller air resistance, and is more difficult to cool than fine particle clinker, the stacking height of the materials on the coarse material side is about 2-2.5 m, and the retention time is about 30 min.
The bottom of the coarse material cooling area 5 also comprises a coarse material side air inlet 51 arranged at the side of the area so as to carry out primary cooling on the screened coarse material. Like the fine-side air inlets 44, the coarse-side air inlets 51 are arranged on both sides of the coarse-side cooling zone 5 and on the rear side of the cooler (viewed in the direction of the rotary kiln) and are inclined downwardly by 40 to 50 ° into the coarse-side cooling zone 5.
The roller crusher 53 at the bottom of the coarse material cooling area 5 is used for crushing the coarse particle clinker after primary cooling, and the stacking height of the coarse material cooling area 5 is controlled by the gap of the roller press. It is generally required that the clinker particles after crushing by the roller crusher 53 are less than 10 mm. Preferably, 2-3 pairs of roller crushers 53 are arranged at the bottom of the coarse material cooling zone 5, a baffle plate 52 for guiding coarse material into a roller gap is arranged at each side of each pair of roller crushers 53, and large particle clinker is accumulated in the coarse material cooling zone and slowly passes through the roller gap between the roller crushers 53 and then enters the bottom end of the cooler.
The stacking height of the large-particle clinker material layer in the coarse material cooling area 5 is about 2-2.5 m, the weight is about 180 tons, the retention time is about 30min, and the large-particle clinker material layer and the cooling air moving upwards perform countercurrent heat exchange. In order to reduce the bearing load of the roller crusher 53, 4-6 layers of cylindrical metal grids horizontally arranged at the upper part of the roller crusher are also arranged in the coarse material cooling area 5, and each layer of metal grid comprises a plurality of supporting columns which are inserted into the roller crusher from the outside at equal intervals; the support column is a hollow shell structure with a plurality of air holes on the surface; the inner sides of the supporting columns are communicated with an air blower outside the cooling machine, the hollow supporting columns can uniformly distribute cooling air entering the hollow supporting columns in clinker through the air holes, the effect of homogenizing the air quantity is achieved, or the cooling air is directly and uniformly introduced into materials through the grid supporting columns. The gap distance between adjacent support columns is 300mm or more, the clinker porosity can be increased, and the clinker porosity can be used as a clinker bearing support to reduce the pressure of clinker on the roller press.
And a secondary cooling area for cooling all the blanking again is arranged at the lower layer of the cooling machine, the secondary cooling area comprises a blanking ash hopper 7 arranged at the bottom end of the cooling machine, and the cooled clinker is finally collected into a zipper machine below the cooling machine by the blanking ash hopper 7. Preferably, 4 inverted cone-shaped ash hoppers 7 which are uniformly arranged are arranged at the bottom of the cooling machine;
the 4 blanking ash hoppers 7 are provided with lower-layer cooling air inlets 71, so that the discharging temperature is kept below 100 ℃; and a lower-layer cooling air outlet 72 is formed in the upper end of the discharging ash bucket 7 and used for discharging cooling air after secondary cooling to a waste heat boiler or kiln head waste gas treatment equipment. Preferably, the lower layer cooling air outlet is arranged on one side of the coarse material particles to prevent the cooling air from preventing the fine material from falling.
Preferably, 4 blanking ash buckets 7 share one air cooler, and the cooling air volume of the air cooler to the whole blanking ash bucket 7 can reach 0.4-0.5Nm 3/kgcl.
The invention also discloses a cooling method of the vertical cement clinker grate type particle grading cooler, which comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling the clinker fired from the rotary kiln to fall above the primary screening and filtering grate plate 41 through the kiln door cover 3, wherein the primary screening and filtering grate plate 41 can filter out large clinker and simultaneously buffer the falling of the clinker; the secondary sieving and filtering grid plate 42 is used for further sieving the clinker for the second time; meanwhile, the air cannon 47 performs untimely blowing on the material on the grate plate to prevent the blockage of the grate seam 43;
s2, vertically dropping the screened fine materials into the bottom of the fine material cooling area 4; in the falling process, cooling air continuously cools the fine materials; the stacking height of the fine material cooling area 4 is within the range of 500-800 mm, the residence time in the fine material stacking area is about 20min, the resistance of a material layer is about 5000-8000 Pa, and the cooling air volume blown into the fine material side is about 0.2-0.4 Nm3/kgcl (calculated according to the clinker capacity of the unit grate cooler);
s3, sliding the clinker exceeding the size of the gap of the grate plate into the coarse material cooling area 5, and piling the coarse material on one side close to the fine material cooling area 4 in a heap shape; when the coarse material particles are stacked to a certain height, the coarse material particles move downwards to perform countercurrent heat exchange with cooling air, the stacking height of the coarse material can reach 2-2.5 m, the retention time is about 30min, the clinker and the cooling air can be ensured to perform heat exchange fully, the cooling air quantity at the coarse material side is about 0.5-0.7 Nm3/kgcl, and the nominal air speed of the cooling air in a cooling area is about 2 m/s. After the heat exchange is finished, the coarse particle clinker is heated to about 300 ℃, and the cooling air is heated to 1200 ℃. The cooling air can be blown in directly through a side inlet or through a support grid arranged inside the cooler;
s4, crushing the cooled coarse particles into smaller particles by the roller crusher 53, and enabling the smaller particles to enter a secondary cooling area, wherein the roller crusher 53 can control the final particle size of clinker and the stacking height of the coarse material cooling area 5; as a resistance source, the roller crusher 53 can prevent the primary cooling zone and the secondary cooling zone from wind cross; the fine materials on the other side also fall into a secondary cooling area after being cooled;
s5, cooling the coarse and fine clinker again in a secondary cooling area, controlling the temperature within 100 ℃, and finally discharging the clinker to an external zipper machine through a discharging ash hopper 7;
s6, the high-temperature hot air after heat exchange in the cooler rises and is divided into two parts through a kiln door cover, wherein one part of the high-temperature hot air enters the rotary kiln as secondary air to be used as combustion-supporting air for fuel combustion in the kiln, and the other part of the high-temperature hot air enters a tertiary air pipe to be sent to the decomposing furnace as combustion-supporting air for fuel combustion in the decomposing furnace.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a vertical cement clinker comb formula granule grading cooler which characterized in that: the upper layer of the cooler is a kiln door cover; one side of the kiln door cover is connected with the rotary kiln and the tertiary air pipe; the tertiary air pipe is communicated with the decomposing furnace;
a fine material cooling area is arranged below the kiln door cover and close to one side of the rotary kiln, and the fine material cooling area comprises a fine material side air inlet and a fine material side air outlet which are used for reversely exchanging heat with the blanking; a coarse material cooling area is arranged on one side of the fine material cooling area, and the bottom of the coarse material cooling area comprises a coarse material side air inlet arranged on the side surface of the coarse material cooling area; the fine material cooling area and the coarse material cooling area are separated by an isolation cooling wall;
the upper end of the fine material cooling area is obliquely provided with two stages of screening and filtering grid plates for filtering clinker, the two stages of screening and filtering grid plates are arranged right below a kiln discharge point of the rotary kiln, and the lower end parts of the two stages of screening and filtering grid plates are connected with the upper end of the isolation cooling wall; in addition, the two-stage screening and filtering grid plates are arranged in parallel and form an included angle of 40-60 degrees with the horizontal direction; the size of the grid gap of the upper grid plate is larger than that of the grid gap of the lower grid plate;
and a secondary cooling area for cooling all the blanking again is arranged at the lower layer of the cooler, the secondary cooling area comprises a plurality of blanking ash hoppers arranged at the bottom end of the cooler, and the cooled clinker is finally collected into a zipper machine below the cooler by the blanking ash hoppers.
2. The vertical cement clinker grate type grain classifying cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two-stage screening and filtering grid plate is made of nickel alloy, and a ceramic patch is arranged on the contact surface of the grid plate and clinker; the two-stage screening and filtering grid plate is hollow, and a plurality of vent holes which can enable an external air source to enter the cooler are formed in the positions, right opposite to the grid gaps, of the screening and filtering grid plate; the interior of the grid plate is connected with a ventilator outside the cooler, and normal temperature air is blown into the grid plate from one side through the ventilator and is discharged from the vent hole on the other side.
3. The vertical cement clinker grate type grain classifying cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of air cannons for sweeping the grid plates are arranged above the two-stage screening grid plates, and the air cannons are over against clinker particles on the upper parts of the grid plates; pressure sensors are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the two-stage grate plate, and the operation of the air cannon is controlled through feedback signals of the pressure sensors.
4. The vertical cement clinker grate type grain classifying cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: a rod valve or a gate valve is arranged at the bottom of the fine material area, and a blanking orifice plate is arranged below the rod valve or the gate valve; the blanking hole plate is a metal plate with holes in the thickness direction, and cooled fine materials enter the secondary cooling area through the blanking hole plate.
5. The vertical cement clinker grate type grain classifying cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the coarse material cooling area is provided with a plurality of pairs of roller crushers, two sides of each pair of roller crushers are respectively provided with a material baffle plate for guiding coarse materials into a roller gap, and the roller crushers can crush clinker with large particle size to the required particle size.
6. The vertical cement clinker grate type grain classifying cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coarse material cooling area also comprises a plurality of layers of cylindrical metal grids horizontally arranged at the upper part of the roller crusher, and each layer of metal grid comprises a plurality of supporting columns which are inserted into the cooler from the outside at equal intervals; the support column is a hollow shell structure with a plurality of air holes on the surface; the inner sides of the supporting columns are communicated with an air blower outside the cooler, and the air blower blows air into the cooler through the air holes.
7. The vertical cement clinker grate type grain classifying cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main body of the isolation cooling wall is made of high-temperature-resistant nickel alloy, and the outside of the wall body is coated with castable.
8. The vertical cement clinker grate type grain classifying cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the coarse material side air inlet and/or the fine material side air inlet obliquely enter the cooling machine at an angle of 40-50 degrees downwards.
9. A method of cooling a shaft cement clinker aggregate air-operated particle classifying cooler according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, enabling the clinker fired from the rotary kiln to fall onto a primary screening grate plate through a kiln door cover, wherein the primary screening grate plate can filter out large clinker and simultaneously buffer the falling of the clinker; the secondary screening grid plate further performs secondary screening on the clinker; meanwhile, the air cannon sweeps the material on the grate plate at variable time to prevent the blockage of the grate gap;
s2, vertically dropping the screened fine materials into the bottom of a fine material cooling area; in the falling process, cooling air continuously cools the fine materials;
s3, enabling clinker exceeding the size of the gap of the grate plate to slide into a coarse material cooling area, stacking coarse materials on one side close to the fine material cooling area in a pile shape to a certain height, and enabling coarse material particles to move downwards to perform countercurrent heat exchange with cooling air;
s4, crushing the cooled coarse particles into smaller particles by a roller crusher, and allowing the smaller particles to enter a secondary cooling area; the fine materials on the other side also fall into a secondary cooling area after being cooled;
s5, cooling the coarse and fine clinker again in a secondary cooling area, controlling the temperature within 100 ℃, and finally discharging the clinker to an external zipper machine through a discharging ash hopper;
s6, the high-temperature hot air after heat exchange in the cooler rises and is divided into two parts through a kiln door cover, wherein one part of the high-temperature hot air enters the rotary kiln as secondary air to be used as combustion-supporting air for fuel combustion in the kiln, and the other part of the high-temperature hot air enters a tertiary air pipe to be sent to the decomposing furnace as combustion-supporting air for fuel combustion in the decomposing furnace.
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| CN201911112188.8A CN110668719B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Vertical cement clinker grate type particle grading cooler and cooling method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112240710A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-01-19 | 胡锡文 | Vertical flow annular cooler for cement clinker |
| CN115628618A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-01-20 | 邯郸中材建设有限责任公司 | Cement clinker particle grading cooler |
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| DE19502108A1 (en) * | 1995-01-24 | 1996-07-25 | Karl Von Wedel | Bulk material e.g. cement clinker cooling process |
| CN101231145A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2008-07-30 | 万大龙 | High-efficiency low-leaking low-abrasion inflating beam grid cold machine |
| CN105180662A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-23 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | High-temperature particulate material stage cooling method and device |
| CN107883776A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-04-06 | 徐州中矿大贝克福尔科技股份有限公司 | A kind of cooler and cooling means of high efficiency composition vertical cement calcination of chamotte |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE19502108A1 (en) * | 1995-01-24 | 1996-07-25 | Karl Von Wedel | Bulk material e.g. cement clinker cooling process |
| CN101231145A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2008-07-30 | 万大龙 | High-efficiency low-leaking low-abrasion inflating beam grid cold machine |
| CN105180662A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-23 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | High-temperature particulate material stage cooling method and device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112240710A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-01-19 | 胡锡文 | Vertical flow annular cooler for cement clinker |
| CN115628618A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-01-20 | 邯郸中材建设有限责任公司 | Cement clinker particle grading cooler |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110668719B (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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