CN110667690A - Crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system suitable for mountains and hills and working method - Google Patents
Crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system suitable for mountains and hills and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110667690A CN110667690A CN201911147314.3A CN201911147314A CN110667690A CN 110667690 A CN110667690 A CN 110667690A CN 201911147314 A CN201911147314 A CN 201911147314A CN 110667690 A CN110667690 A CN 110667690A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/12—Hand levers
- B62D1/14—Tillers, i.e. hand levers operating on steering columns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
- B60K17/08—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/28—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of power take-off
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K26/00—Arrangements or mounting of propulsion unit control devices in vehicles
- B60K26/02—Arrangements or mounting of propulsion unit control devices in vehicles of initiating means or elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/24—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle not vehicle-mounted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D55/00—Endless track vehicles
- B62D55/08—Endless track units; Parts thereof
- B62D55/12—Arrangement, location, or adaptation of driving sprockets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D55/00—Endless track vehicles
- B62D55/08—Endless track units; Parts thereof
- B62D55/14—Arrangement, location, or adaptation of rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D55/00—Endless track vehicles
- B62D55/08—Endless track units; Parts thereof
- B62D55/30—Track-tensioning means
Abstract
The invention discloses a crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system suitable for mountainous and hilly areas and a working method thereof. The crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system suitable for mountains and hills and the working method can realize intensive transmission of crawler-type agricultural vehicles, particularly intensive transmission of crawler-type agricultural vehicles suitable for operation in mountains and hills, and effectively solves the series problems that the existing crawler-type agricultural vehicles are high in requirement on climbing road environment, inconvenient to turn around, difficult to move due to fault models, incapable of traveling in small mountains and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission systems, in particular to a crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system suitable for mountains and hills and a working method.
Background
Economic crops such as natural rubber, cassava, bananas and the like in tropical and subtropical regions of China are usually planted on mountainous regions, hills or slopes with large surface relief, and ordinary large-scale agricultural machinery cannot enter the ground, climb and normally carry out operation, so that scientific research workers research and develop crawler-type intensive low-rise tractors suitable for operation in mountainous regions, hills and gentle slopes aiming at the current situations of difficult climbing, difficult ground entering, difficult control and the like, and the problems of agricultural machine climbing, small agricultural machine mountain-going and intensive man-machine separation operation and the like are solved.
In order to avoid the problems, most small agricultural machines already move to a crawler type walking mode and can effectively climb a slope. However, the following two problems still exist:
1. in order to adapt to good climbing performance, the whole machine is large and heavy, so that the failed agricultural machine cannot be moved on the ground and can be maintained in time;
2. when human-computer separation factors are considered, the agricultural machinery capable of realizing remote control and manual operation has the problems that when remote control operation is carried out, a manual operation device interferes and cannot carry out cross control, and the similar problem as the problem in the step 1 still exists when the ground is in fault;
3. the mechanical size is still not suitable for most of terrain sizes of the circular mountain walking, and ground operation cannot be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a transmission system and a working method of a crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle suitable for mountains and hills, and aims to solve the problems that the existing crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle in the market proposed by the background technology cannot move and timely maintain a faulty agricultural machine at the ground due to large and heavy size of the whole agricultural vehicle and human-machine separation factors are considered, the agricultural machines capable of being remotely controlled and manually operated are interfered by a manual operation device and cannot be controlled in a cross mode during remote control operation, the ground is still in fault, and the mechanical size is still not suitable for the terrain size of most of mountains and cannot be operated without ground.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: be applicable to mountain hills crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system and operating method, including diesel engine, hydraulic pump, generator, gearbox, supporting wheel, trough of belt, take-up pulley and drive wheel, the diesel engine is connected with the speed reduction starter, and the diesel engine transmits all the way to the gearbox through the output shaft to another way of diesel engine conveys to hydraulic pressure mechanism action wheel, and hydraulic pressure mechanism action wheel is connected with the hydraulic pump simultaneously, hydraulic pressure mechanism action wheel is connected with the generator, the output shaft of gearbox is connected with power transmission mechanism, and power transmission mechanism is connected with the walking track, the supporting wheel is located the inboard of walking track, and the supporting wheel is connected with track preloading device, the output shaft of the gearbox other end is connected with power take off mechanism.
Preferably, a whole vehicle transmission system consisting of the speed reduction starter, the diesel engine, the generator, the gearbox, the power transmission mechanism, the power output mechanism and the hydraulic mechanism driving wheel is in belt transmission.
Preferably, the diesel engine, the hydraulic pump and the gearbox are distributed in a plane triangle in a crossed mode, and the diesel engine and the gearbox are distributed in a horizontal mode.
Preferably, the power output shaft belt pulley of the diesel engine is provided with two groups of belt grooves, one group of belt grooves is connected with the gearbox, the other group of belt grooves is connected with the hydraulic pump, and meanwhile, the output shaft of the diesel engine is provided with a mechanical clutch.
Preferably, two sets of belt grooves are arranged on a driving belt pulley of the hydraulic pump, one set of belt grooves is connected with the gearbox, and the other set of belt grooves is connected with the generator.
Preferably, the inner side of the walking track is provided with a support wheel, a tension wheel and a driving wheel, the driving wheel and the gearbox are positioned at the rear part of the vehicle, and the tension wheel is arranged at the front part of the vehicle.
Preferably, the interface of the power output mechanism is a slot type gear interface.
The crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system suitable for mountains and hills and the working method thereof comprise the following specific steps:
step 1: when a power switch is switched on, the advancing gear of the gearbox is placed in a neutral gear, and a power output shaft of the gearbox is switched off, an ignition switch is started, the diesel engine starts to work normally, the power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the gearbox through one path of the output shaft, the other path of the power is transmitted to a driving wheel of a hydraulic mechanism, the power is transmitted to a hydraulic pump, the power of a hydraulic system of the whole vehicle is ensured, the driving wheel of the hydraulic mechanism is transmitted to a generator in a shunting way, the continuous charging of a storage battery; an output shaft of the gearbox transmits power to a driven mechanism of the walking crawler belt through a power transmission mechanism, and power supply of a walking system is realized by adjusting the supporting wheels and the crawler belt pre-tightening device;
before the whole vehicle needs to walk, a high-low gear is pushed manually or a high-low gear button of a remote controller is pressed to send an instruction to a remote control receiver, and then a signal is issued to an electromagnetic valve starting hydraulic cylinder through the remote control receiver to respectively push a clutch push rod and a high/low gear push rod so as to finish high-low gear selection;
when the whole vehicle needs to walk, a gear 1 of the gearbox is manually pushed or a gear 1 button of the remote controller is pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, and then the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve starting hydraulic cylinder to push the clutch push rod and the gear 1 push rod so as to complete gear 1 selection;
the other control of the forward gear and the reverse gear are controlled by the same principle;
when the whole vehicle needs to be steered, a steering rod is manually pulled leftwards or rightwards or a remote controller is pressed to turn left or right, a command is sent to a remote control receiver, and then a signal is sent to an electromagnetic valve through the remote control receiver to start a hydraulic cylinder to push a steering pull rod, so that left and right steering is realized;
when the whole vehicle is in load operation, the working power connecting rod is manually pushed or a remote controller connecting button is pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve to start the hydraulic cylinder to push the working power connecting rod, so that the working power transmission is realized, and an output shaft at one end of the gearbox transmits power to a matched agricultural implement through the power output mechanism;
the manual operating rod is arranged at the leftmost side, a hydraulic ejector rod convenient for remote control operation is in contact with the manual operating rod and abuts against the manual operating rod, when the manual operating rod is pulled to the right side, power output of a gearbox is achieved, manual operation is achieved, when the hydraulic ejector rod pushes the manual operating rod to the right side, then the hydraulic ejector rod returns to the initial position under the returning action of a self-returning hydraulic cylinder, power output of the gearbox is achieved, remote control operation is achieved, when the hydraulic ejector rod pushes the manual operating rod to the right side, then the hydraulic ejector rod returns to the initial position under the returning action of the self-returning hydraulic cylinder, power of the gearbox is output normally, remote control power cutting operation is achieved when the manual operating rod is pushed to the left side by the opposite hydraulic ejector rod, or the manual operating rod is pulled to the left side, and operation cross;
when the working load of the whole vehicle is large, the accelerator is manually adjusted, or the accelerator and the button of the remote controller are pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, and then the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve starting hydraulic cylinder to quantitatively push the accelerator push rod, so that the accelerator lifting power is increased, and the accelerator is reduced.
When the whole vehicle needs to be temporarily stopped, the clutch pull rod is pushed manually or the emergency stop button of the remote controller is pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, then the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve to start the hydraulic cylinder to push the clutch pull rod, the clutch is separated, the input of the transmission system is disconnected, and the whole vehicle stops.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system and the working method suitable for mountains and hills can realize intensive transmission of crawler-type agricultural vehicles, are particularly suitable for intensive transmission of crawler-type agricultural vehicles for operation in mountains and hills, and effectively solve the series problems that the existing crawler-type agricultural vehicle is high in requirement on climbing road environment, inconvenient to turn around, difficult to move due to fault models, incapable of driving in small mountains and the like;
1. the layout direction of the whole vehicle transmission system is that a diesel engine, a gearbox and an oil pump are in a plane triangle shape and are arranged in a crossed manner, so that mutual interference of transmission mechanisms in a minimum space is effectively avoided, wherein the gearbox and the diesel engine are horizontally arranged, an effective horizontal distance is tensioned, and the size and the width of the arrangement are 108cm and 66cm when viewed from a top view;
2. the power output shaft of the diesel engine is provided with a mechanical clutch:
1) the power output of the whole vehicle can be quickly cut off;
2) the automatic gear shifting of the whole vehicle and the hanging of the machine tool are convenient to realize;
3. the belt pulley of the power output shaft of the diesel engine is provided with two groups of belt grooves, one group of belt grooves is transmitted to the gearbox, the other group of belt grooves is transmitted to the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump driving belt pulley is also provided with two groups of belt grooves, one group of belt grooves inputs power, and the other group of belt grooves outputs power to the generator set, so that the transmission arrangement not only saves space arrangement, but also effectively avoids power transmission loss;
4. the whole transmission system is in belt transmission, so that hard damage to a gearbox and a diesel engine caused by overlarge machine tool load in a complex farmland environment can be effectively avoided;
5. the gearbox bears double tasks of vehicle walking power transmission and hanging machine output power, wherein the power output required by machine hanging is a clamping groove type gear interface, so that the quick disassembly and replacement are convenient, the energy level loss is reduced, the vehicle walking power transmission is of a bilateral transmission structure, and mechanical clutches are arranged on bilateral transmission shafts, so that a control system can be conveniently and quickly switched on half output to realize automatic steering control;
6. crawler-belt traveling system is provided with drive wheel, supporting wheel and take-up pulley, and wherein the drive wheel matches with the gearbox and sets up in the vehicle rear portion, and the take-up pulley level sets up in the vehicle front portion, and the supporting wheel sets up according to organizing, can match different group's number with organizing vehicle length demand:
1) the rapid adjustment on the space arrangement position is facilitated;
2) the slipping phenomenon in the process of climbing and traveling in the muddy environment in rainy days can be effectively eliminated;
3) the rear-drive large turning angle can reduce the occurrence of small-angle turning derailment phenomenon;
4) when the hanging machine is started and stopped suddenly, the gravity center is stable, the vibration caused by the fact that the whole vehicle tilts backwards is effectively avoided, and the potential safety hazard of operation on hills and mountains is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the driving system and the working method of the crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle suitable for mountains and hills;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system and the working method thereof suitable for mountains and hills;
FIG. 3 is a schematic left-side view of the crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system and the working method thereof for mountains and hills according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a 1-gear shift position of the crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system and the working method applicable to mountains and hills according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a manual operating rod and a hydraulic cylinder, which is suitable for the transmission system of the crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle on mountains and hills and the working method of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a deceleration starter; 2. a diesel engine; 3. a hydraulic pump; 4. a generator; 5. a gearbox; 6. a power transmission mechanism; 7. a walking crawler belt; 8. a support wheel; 9. a track pre-tightening device; 10. a power take-off mechanism; 11. a driving wheel of the hydraulic mechanism; 12. a belt groove is formed; 13. a tension wheel; 14. and a driving wheel.
Detailed Description
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system suitable for mountainous and hilly lands and a working method thereof comprise a speed reduction starter 1, a diesel engine 2, a hydraulic pump 3, a generator 4, a gearbox 5, a power transmission mechanism 6, a walking crawler 7, a supporting wheel 8, a crawler pre-tightening device 9, a power output mechanism 10, a hydraulic mechanism driving wheel 11, a belt groove 12, a tensioning wheel 13 and a driving wheel 14, wherein the diesel engine 2 is connected with the speed reduction starter 1, the diesel engine 2 transmits one path to the gearbox 5 through an output shaft, the other path of the diesel engine 2 is transmitted to the hydraulic mechanism driving wheel 11, the hydraulic mechanism driving wheel 11 is connected with the hydraulic pump 3, the hydraulic mechanism driving wheel 11 is connected with the generator 4, the output shaft of the gearbox 5 is connected with the power transmission mechanism 6, the power transmission mechanism 6 is connected with the walking crawler 7, the, and the supporting wheel 8 is connected with a track pre-tightening device 9, and an output shaft at the other end of the gearbox 5 is connected with a power output mechanism 10.
The whole vehicle transmission system consisting of the speed reduction starter 1, the diesel engine 2, the generator 4, the gearbox 5, the power transmission mechanism 6, the power output mechanism 10 and the hydraulic mechanism driving wheel 11 is in belt transmission, so that hard damage to the diesel engine 2 and the gearbox 5 due to overlarge machine load in a complex farmland environment can be effectively avoided, and the protection of the diesel engine 2 and the gearbox 5 is facilitated.
The diesel engine 2, the hydraulic pump 3 and the gearbox 5 are arranged in a plane triangle in a crossed mode, the diesel engine 2 and the gearbox 5 are arranged in a horizontal mode, mutual interference of the transmission mechanisms in the minimum space is effectively avoided due to the arrangement, the diesel engine 2 and the gearbox 5 are arranged in the horizontal mode, and the effective horizontal distance is tensioned.
Be equipped with two sets of trough of belt 12 on the power output shaft belt pulley of diesel engine 2, and a set of trough of belt 12 is connected with gearbox 5 to another a set of trough of belt 12 is connected with hydraulic pump 3, is equipped with mechanical clutch on the output shaft of diesel engine 2 simultaneously, sets up one like this and can cuts off whole car power take off fast, and two are convenient for realize whole car automatic shift and machines carry.
Be provided with two sets of trough of belt 12 on the drive pulley of hydraulic pump 3, and a set of trough of belt 12 is connected with gearbox 5 to another a set of trough of belt 12 is connected with generator 4, sets up like this and not only saves space arrangement, and has effectively avoided power transmission loss.
The inboard of walking track 7 is provided with supporting wheel 8, take-up pulley 13 and drive wheel 14, and drive wheel 14 and gearbox 5 are located the vehicle rear portion, and take-up pulley 13 sets up in the vehicle front portion, supporting wheel 8 sets up according to the group, can match different group's number according to vehicle length demand, be favorable to the quick adjustment on the space arrangement, and can effectively eliminate the emergence of skidding phenomenon in the rainy day muddy ground environment climbs the slope and marchs, the big turning angle of back-drive can reduce the emergence of small-angle turn derailment phenomenon simultaneously, and when hanging loader starts the scram, because of the focus is steady, effectively avoid the vibrations that whole plantago upwarp the back and lead to the fact, the hilly land has been reduced, the potential safety hazard of hilly mountain region operation.
The interface of the power output mechanism 10 is a slot type gear interface, so that the quick disassembly and replacement are convenient, the energy level loss is reduced, the vehicle walking power transmission is of a bilateral transmission structure, mechanical clutches are arranged on the bilateral transmission shafts, and a control system is convenient to rapidly switch on half output to realize automatic steering control.
The working principle is as follows: when the crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system suitable for mountains and hills and the working method are used, as shown in figures 1-5, after an ignition switch takes electricity, a diesel engine 2 is started through a speed reduction starter 1, one path of the power of the diesel engine is transmitted to a gearbox 5 through an output shaft, the other path of the power of the diesel engine is transmitted to a driving wheel 11 of a hydraulic mechanism, the power is transmitted to a hydraulic pump 3 to drive a hydraulic system of a whole vehicle to work, the driving wheel 11 of the hydraulic mechanism is transmitted to a generator 4 in a shunting way to finish the continuous charging of a storage battery of the whole vehicle, the power supply of an electric system of the whole vehicle is ensured, an output shaft of the gearbox 5 transmits the power to a driven mechanism of a walking crawler 7 through a power transmission mechanism 6, the power supply of the walking system is realized through the adjustment of a supporting wheel 8 and a crawler pre, the power requirements of different agricultural implement working environments are met;
when a power switch is switched on, the advancing gear of the gearbox 5 is placed in a neutral gear, and a power output shaft of the gearbox 5 is switched off, an ignition switch is started, the diesel engine 2 starts to work normally, the power of the diesel engine 2 is transmitted to the gearbox 5 through one path of the output shaft, the other path of the power is transmitted to a driving wheel 11 of a hydraulic mechanism, the power is transmitted to a hydraulic pump 3 again, the power of a hydraulic system of the whole vehicle is ensured, the driving wheel 11 of the hydraulic mechanism is transmitted to a generator 4 in a shunting manner, the continuous charging of a storage battery; an output shaft of the gearbox 5 transmits power to a driven mechanism of the walking crawler 7 through a power transmission mechanism 6, and power supply of a walking system is realized by adjusting a supporting wheel 8 and a crawler pre-tightening device 9;
before the whole vehicle needs to walk, a high-low gear is pushed manually or a high-low gear button of a remote controller is pressed to send an instruction to a remote control receiver, and then a signal is issued to an electromagnetic valve starting hydraulic cylinder through the remote control receiver to respectively push a clutch push rod and a high/low gear push rod so as to finish high-low gear selection;
when the whole vehicle needs to walk, a gear 1 of the gearbox is manually pushed or a gear 1 button of the remote controller is pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, and then the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve starting hydraulic cylinder to push the clutch push rod and the gear 1 push rod so as to complete gear 1 selection;
speed 1 gear operation: when the gear of the remote control system instructs 1 gear to be issued, the clutch is separated, the power input to the gearbox is cut off, the power is distributed on the upper and lower hydraulic cylinder push rods (XY direction) in the figure 5, the two hydraulic cylinder push rods respectively act on two rectangular executing structures horizontally arranged in the vertical direction (Z direction), when the deflector rod is pushed to the horizontal line position in the figure, the deflector rod returns to the original point (namely the symmetrical center position of the gear diagram) under the influence of the self-return action, then the hydraulic cylinders respectively return, the X-direction hydraulic push rod pushes the rectangular executing mechanism 1 leftwards, the Y-direction hydraulic push rod pushes the rectangular executing mechanism 2 upwards, the Y-direction hydraulic push rod and the X-direction hydraulic push rod automatically return in sequence to finish the remote control 1 gear engagement, the XY-direction hydraulic push rods are matched with the self-return hydraulic cylinders, when the gear is correspondingly engaged, the rectangular executing mechanisms 1 and 2 automatically return to the center position after the gear engagement due, when the remote control operation is not needed, the gears can be manually controlled without being interfered by a rectangular actuating mechanism, a push rod and the like, the manual/remote control dual-purpose speed change is realized, and the gear engaging modes of other gears realize the same principle as the gear 1;
the other control of the forward gear and the reverse gear are controlled by the same principle;
when the whole vehicle needs to be steered, a steering rod is manually pulled leftwards or rightwards or a remote controller is pressed to turn left or right, a command is sent to a remote control receiver, and then a signal is sent to an electromagnetic valve through the remote control receiver to start a hydraulic cylinder to push a steering pull rod, so that left and right steering is realized;
when the whole vehicle is in load operation, the working power connecting rod is manually pushed or a remote controller connecting button is pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve to start the hydraulic cylinder to push the working power connecting rod, so that the working power transmission is realized, and an output shaft at one end of the gearbox 5 transmits power to a matched agricultural implement through the power output mechanism 10;
the manual operating rod is arranged at the leftmost side, a hydraulic ejector rod convenient for remote control operation is in contact with the manual operating rod and abuts against the manual operating rod, when the manual operating rod is pulled to the right side, power output of the gearbox 5 is achieved, manual operation is achieved, when the hydraulic ejector rod pushes the manual operating rod to the right side, then the hydraulic ejector rod returns to the initial position under the returning action of the self-returning hydraulic cylinder, power output of the gearbox 5 is achieved, remote control operation is achieved, when the hydraulic ejector rod pushes the manual operating rod to the right side, then the hydraulic ejector rod returns to the initial position under the returning action of the self-returning hydraulic cylinder, power of the gearbox 5 is output normally, remote control power cut-off operation is achieved when the manual operating rod is pushed to the left side by the opposite hydraulic ejector rod, or the manual operating rod is pulled to the left side, and;
when the working load of the whole vehicle is large, the accelerator is manually adjusted, or the accelerator and the button of the remote controller are pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, and then the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve starting hydraulic cylinder to quantitatively push the accelerator push rod, so that the accelerator lifting power is increased, and the accelerator is reduced.
When the whole vehicle needs to be temporarily stopped, the clutch pull rod is pushed manually or the emergency stop button of the remote controller is pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, then the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve to start the hydraulic cylinder to push the clutch pull rod, the clutch is separated, the input of the transmission system is disconnected, and the whole vehicle stops.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, equivalents, and improvements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Be applicable to intensive agricultural vehicle transmission system of mountain hills crawler-type, including diesel engine (2), hydraulic pump (3), generator (4), gearbox (5), supporting wheel (8), trough of belt (12), take-up pulley (13) and drive wheel (14), its characterized in that: the diesel engine (2) is connected with the speed reduction starter (1), and the diesel engine (2) is through output shaft transmission to gearbox (5) all the way to another way conveying of diesel engine (2) to hydraulic pressure mechanism action wheel (11), and hydraulic pressure mechanism action wheel (11) are connected with hydraulic pump (3) simultaneously, hydraulic pressure mechanism action wheel (11) are connected with generator (4), the output shaft of gearbox (5) is connected with power transmission mechanism (6), and power transmission mechanism (6) are connected with walking track (7), supporting wheel (8) are located the inboard of walking track (7), and supporting wheel (8) are connected with track preloading device (9), the output shaft of the gearbox (5) other end is connected with power take off mechanism (10).
2. The drive system for an agricultural vehicle adapted for mountain and hill crawler belt type intensive use of claim 1, wherein: the whole vehicle transmission system composed of the speed reduction starter (1), the diesel engine (2), the generator (4), the gearbox (5), the power transmission mechanism (6), the power output mechanism (10) and the hydraulic mechanism driving wheel (11) is in belt transmission.
3. The drive system for an agricultural vehicle adapted for mountain and hill crawler belt type intensive use of claim 1, wherein: the diesel engine (2), the hydraulic pump (3) and the gearbox (5) are arranged in a plane triangle in a crossed mode, and the diesel engine (2) and the gearbox (5) are arranged in a horizontal mode.
4. The drive system for an agricultural vehicle adapted for mountain and hill crawler belt type intensive use of claim 1, wherein: the power output shaft belt pulley of diesel engine (2) is equipped with two sets of trough of belt (12), and a set of trough of belt (12) is connected with gearbox (5), and another set of trough of belt (12) is connected with hydraulic pump (3), is equipped with mechanical clutch on the output shaft of diesel engine (2) simultaneously.
5. The drive system for an agricultural vehicle adapted for mountain and hill crawler belt type intensive use of claim 1, wherein: two sets of belt grooves (12) are arranged on a driving belt wheel of the hydraulic pump (3), one set of belt grooves (12) is connected with the gearbox (5), and the other set of belt grooves (12) is connected with the generator (4).
6. The drive system for an agricultural vehicle adapted for mountain and hill crawler belt type intensive use of claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the walking crawler belt (7) is provided with a supporting wheel (8), a tension wheel (13) and a driving wheel (14), the driving wheel (14) and the gearbox (5) are located at the rear part of the vehicle, and the tension wheel (13) is arranged at the front part of the vehicle.
7. The drive system for an agricultural vehicle adapted for mountain and hill crawler belt type intensive use of claim 1, wherein: and the interface of the power output mechanism (10) is a clamping groove type gear interface.
8. The transmission system and operation method of claim 1, wherein the transmission system is adapted to be used in mountainous and hilly crawler-type intensive agricultural vehicles, and comprises: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: when a power switch is switched on, the advancing gear of the gearbox (5) is placed in a neutral gear, and a power output shaft of the gearbox (5) is switched off, an ignition switch is started, the diesel engine (2) starts to work normally, the power of the diesel engine (2) is transmitted to the gearbox (5) through one path of the output shaft, the other path of the power is transmitted to a hydraulic mechanism driving wheel (11), the power is transmitted to a hydraulic pump (3), the power of a hydraulic system of the whole vehicle is guaranteed, the hydraulic mechanism driving wheel (11) is transmitted to a generator (4) in a shunting way, the continuous charging of a storage battery of the; an output shaft of the gearbox (5) transmits power to a driven mechanism of the walking crawler belt (7) through a power transmission mechanism (6), and power supply of a walking system is realized by adjusting a supporting wheel (8) and a crawler belt pre-tightening device (9);
before the whole vehicle needs to walk, a high-low gear is pushed manually or a high-low gear button of a remote controller is pressed to send an instruction to a remote control receiver, and then a signal is issued to an electromagnetic valve starting hydraulic cylinder through the remote control receiver to respectively push a clutch push rod and a high/low gear push rod so as to finish high-low gear selection;
when the whole vehicle needs to walk, a gear 1 of the gearbox is manually pushed or a gear 1 button of the remote controller is pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, and then the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve starting hydraulic cylinder to push the clutch push rod and the gear 1 push rod so as to complete gear 1 selection;
speed 1 gear operation: when the gear of the remote control system instructs 1 gear to be issued, the clutch is separated, the power input to the gearbox is cut off, the power is distributed on two hydraulic cylinder push rods (XY directions) which respectively act on two rectangular execution structures horizontally arranged in the vertical direction (Z direction), when the shift lever is pushed to a horizontal line position, the shift lever returns to the original point (namely the symmetrical center position of a gear diagram) under the influence of the self-return action, then the hydraulic cylinders respectively return, the X-direction hydraulic push rod pushes the rectangular execution mechanism 1 leftwards, the Y-direction hydraulic push rod pushes the rectangular execution mechanism 2 upwards, then the Y-direction hydraulic push rod and the X-direction hydraulic push rod automatically return in sequence to finish the remote control 1 gear engagement, the XY-direction hydraulic push rods are matched with the self-return hydraulic cylinders, when the gear is correspondingly engaged, the rectangular execution mechanisms 1 and 2 automatically reach the center position after the gear is engaged due to the self-return action, when the remote control operation is not needed, the gears can be manually controlled without being interfered by a rectangular actuating mechanism, a push rod and the like, the manual/remote control dual-purpose speed change is realized, and the gear engaging modes of other gears realize the same principle as the gear 1;
the other control of the forward gear and the reverse gear are controlled by the same principle;
when the whole vehicle needs to be steered, a steering rod is manually pulled leftwards or rightwards or a remote controller is pressed to turn left or right, a command is sent to a remote control receiver, and then a signal is sent to an electromagnetic valve through the remote control receiver to start a hydraulic cylinder to push a steering pull rod, so that left and right steering is realized;
when the whole vehicle is in load operation, the working power connecting rod is manually pushed or a remote controller connecting button is pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve to start the hydraulic cylinder to push the working power connecting rod, so that the working power transmission is realized, and an output shaft at one end of the gearbox (5) transmits power to a matched agricultural implement through the power output mechanism (10);
the manual operating rod is arranged at the leftmost side, a hydraulic ejector rod convenient for remote control operation is in contact with the manual operating rod and abuts against the manual operating rod, when the manual operating rod is pulled to the right side, power output of the gearbox (5) is achieved, manual operation is achieved, when the hydraulic ejector rod abuts against the manual operating rod to the right side, the hydraulic ejector rod returns to the initial position under the returning action of the self-returning hydraulic cylinder, power output of the gearbox (5) is achieved, remote control operation is achieved, when the hydraulic ejector rod abuts against the manual operating rod to the right side, the hydraulic ejector rod returns to the initial position under the returning action of the self-returning hydraulic cylinder, power of the gearbox (5) is normally output, remote control power cut-off operation is achieved when the manual operating rod abuts against the left side by the opposite hydraulic ejector rod, or the manual operating rod is pulled to the left side, and operation;
when the working load of the whole vehicle is large, the accelerator is manually adjusted, or the accelerator and the button of the remote controller are pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, and then the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve starting hydraulic cylinder to quantitatively push the accelerator push rod, so that the accelerator lifting power is increased, and the accelerator is reduced.
When the whole vehicle needs to be temporarily stopped, the clutch pull rod is pushed manually or the emergency stop button of the remote controller is pressed to send an instruction to the remote control receiver, then the remote control receiver issues a signal to the electromagnetic valve to start the hydraulic cylinder to push the clutch pull rod, the clutch is separated, the input of the transmission system is disconnected, and the whole vehicle stops.
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