CN110665640A - Pre-enrichment and concentration process of ultrafine ferrotitanium ore material - Google Patents
Pre-enrichment and concentration process of ultrafine ferrotitanium ore material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110665640A CN110665640A CN201910975748.6A CN201910975748A CN110665640A CN 110665640 A CN110665640 A CN 110665640A CN 201910975748 A CN201910975748 A CN 201910975748A CN 110665640 A CN110665640 A CN 110665640A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004094 preconcentration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
- B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
- B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
- B03C1/0335—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using coils
- B03C1/0337—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using coils superconductive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/018—Mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/005—Dispersants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/007—Modifying reagents for adjusting pH or conductivity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pre-enrichment and concentration process of a superfine ilmenite material, which mainly comprises two parts: (1) the effective pre-enrichment of the ultrafine ilmenite is realized by utilizing a process of medium magnetic pre-separation-superconducting magnetic separation, and a flotation raw material is obtained; (2) and (3) concentrating the ilmenite subjected to magnetic separation and pre-enrichment by using a flotation machine-flotation column combined process to finally obtain titanium concentrate with the grade of TiO2 being more than 47% and the recovery rate of TiO2 being more than 40%. The method has the characteristics of low energy consumption, high efficiency, easy conversion into production practice and the like, and realizes the effective recovery of the ultrafine ilmenite on the premise of ensuring the quality of the concentrate product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a beneficiation method, in particular to a pre-enrichment and concentration process for effectively recovering ultrafine ilmenite materials by utilizing superconducting magnetic separation-machine column flotation.
Background
The titanium-containing metal has good high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, light weight, high strength, acid resistance, alkali resistance and good biocompatibility, so that the titanium-containing metal has wide application. For example, in the case of a hong Kong, Palo and Australian bridge and a high-speed rail which are built in recent years, domestic large airplanes, space shuttles and flood dragon manned submersibles developed by the method have titanium figure.
The titanium resource reserves in the Panxi area of China account for more than 30% of the titanium resource reserves in the world and are the first in the world. The recyclable titanium resource in Panxi mainly exists in the vanadium titano-magnetite in the form of ilmenite, and because of the existing separation process and the characteristics of poor ore, fine ore and impurity, a large amount of ultrafine ilmenite is generated in the separation process. The separation of the ilmenite with the ultrafine particle grade (-0.020mm) can be deteriorated due to the ineffective recovery of the ilmenite with the coarse particle grade (+0.020mm), therefore, before the separation of the ilmenite with the coarse particle grade, the ultrafine ilmenite enters the tailings as overflow product slime through an inclined plate thickener, and a great amount of titanium resources are lost. At present, the recovery of ultrafine grained minerals is always considered as a difficult problem in the mineral separation, and the recovery of ultrafine grained ilmenite is still in the initial research stage, and mainly comprises centrifugal gravity separation-flotation (machine), "suspension vibration ore separation-flotation (machine)," flat ring magnetic separation-flotation (machine). The sorting method obtains relatively ideal sorting indexes under laboratory conditions. But because of the problems of low reselection processing amount and high magnetic field excitation energy consumption of magnetic separation. Further improvement is awaited.
Therefore, a process which can be continuously produced, has low cost and can meet the sustainable development requirement is needed to recover the ultrafine ilmenite.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the difficulty in recycling the ultrafine ilmenite and the limitations of the prior development technology, the invention provides the process for pre-enriching and concentrating the ultrafine ilmenite material, and the method has the characteristics of low energy consumption, high efficiency, easy conversion into production practice and the like, and realizes the high-efficiency recycling of the ultrafine ilmenite on the premise of ensuring the quality of the concentrate product.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the process for pre-enriching and concentrating the ultrafine ilmenite material comprises the following steps:
(1) performing magnetic separation and pre-enrichment on the ultrafine ilmenite;
the magnetic separation and pre-enrichment of the ultrafine ilmenite material sequentially comprises a first-stage magnetic separation and a second-stage magnetic separation, wherein the first-stage magnetic separation sequentially comprises a medium magnetic preselection I and a superconducting magnetic separation I, the second-stage magnetic separation sequentially comprises a medium magnetic preselection II and a superconducting magnetic separation II, and tailings of the medium magnetic preselection I are fed into the superconducting magnetic separation I; regrinding the concentrate subjected to superconducting magnetic separation I and feeding the concentrate into a medium magnetic preselection II; feeding the tailings of the medium magnetic preselection II into a superconducting magnetic separation II; the concentrate of the medium magnetic pre-concentration I and the concentrate of the medium magnetic pre-concentration II are combined and are subjected to weak magnetic separation for iron removal, and then are combined with the concentrate of the superconducting magnetic separation II to form ilmenite pre-enriched concentrate, and tailings of the superconducting magnetic separation I and the superconducting magnetic separation II are combined to be used as tailings;
preferably, the ultrafine ilmenite material with the granularity of-0.020 mm accounts for 50-80% in the step (1) of the invention; the material concentration is less than or equal to 15 percent; material TiO2The grade is 6 to 12 percent.
The concentration of the material is controlled to be less than 15%. Because the actual concentration (3-5%) of the ore sample processed based on research is difficult to further concentrate in a mine field, the concentration after concentration cannot be more than 15% during test and during research, otherwise, the index is deteriorated, the concentration is more favorable for sorting the index, but the processing capacity of equipment is reduced due to too low concentration, and the ore sample with low concentration cannot be economically processed by a common magnetic separator (a common magnetic separator).
Why TiO is selected as the material2The grade is 6-12% because if the grade is too low and is lower than 6%, the tailings are not necessary to be sorted again, and if the grade is higher than 12%, the necessity of magnetic separation pre-enrichment is not great, and the flotation of the second step can be directly carried out.
Preferably, the device for twice medium-magnetic preselection in step (1) of the invention is a drum magnetic separator or a flat-plate magnetic separator, and the magnetic field intensity is 320 kA/m-640 kA/m; the equipment for the two times of superconducting magnetic separation is a superconducting magnetic separator, and the magnetic field intensity is 1440 kA/m-2400 kA/m; the weak magnetic separation equipment is a cylindrical magnetic separator, and the magnetic field intensity is 100 kA/m-200 kA/m.
Regarding the selection of the magnetic field range with the magnetic field strength of 320 kA/m-640 kA/m in the equipment for magnetic preselection twice in the step (1), the inventor mainly verifies that ① contains a large amount of strong magnetic iron minerals with the thickness of less than 0.010mm, namely-0.010 mm in most of materials with the thickness of-0.020 mm, the magnetic preselection in the two sections is set for removing the strong magnetic iron minerals in advance and prevents the strong magnetic iron minerals from entering a superconducting magnetic separator, the magnetic field strength of the equipment is weak, the strong magnetic iron minerals with the thickness of-0.010 mm cannot be absorbed and the magnetic field strength is strong, some of the iron minerals enter secondary Fe concentrate together with the strong magnetic iron minerals, ② can use a slightly weaker magnetic field for recovering the strong magnetic iron minerals with the thickness of +0.010mm, the strong magnetic iron minerals can be absorbed, the magnetic field range used in the existing literature is generally defined by specially aiming at the strong magnetic iron minerals with the thickness of-0.010 mm after theoretical research and experiments, the magnetic field strength of the existing literature is generally defined by using the magnetic field range of ③, and the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic minerals which is generally not generally defined by the theoretical research and the theoretical magnetic field strength of the theoretical calculation of the magnetic field of the magnetic ore which is usually used in the invention, and the magnetic field of the existing literature, and the magnetic field of the equipment, the.
Regarding the two-time superconducting magnetic separation device in the step (1) as a superconducting magnetic separator, the magnetic field intensity is 1440 kA/m-2400 kA/m, the theoretical maximum magnetic field which can be generated by the normal-conduction magnetic separator is not more than 1440kA/m, the maximum magnetic field which can be generated by the superconducting magnetic separator is 4000kA/m, the energy consumption is only 1/10 of the normal-conduction magnetic separator, the ultra-fine ilmenite separation can be realized by utilizing the high magnetic field (more than 1440kA/m), the superconducting magnetic separator is mainly used for iron removal of non-metallic ores at present, and the pre-enrichment of rare metal minerals (ilmenite) is not reported at present.
The regrinding device in the step (1) of the invention is a stirring mill, and the fineness of the ground ore product is-0.020 mm and accounts for 80-95%. Tests show that if the fineness is lower than 80%, the gangue in the material is coarse and cannot be removed, so that the grade of TiO2 of a final product is influenced; if the fineness is higher than 95%, the fineness of the product is too fine, which may affect (deteriorate) the subsequent flotation process, and may affect the recovery rate of TiO2 in the final product, and may increase the ore grinding cost, so that the fineness range is preferable.
(2) Flotation and concentration of ilmenite pre-enriched concentrate;
sequentially carrying out rough concentration, scavenging and concentration processes on the ilmenite pre-enriched concentrate obtained in the step (1), wherein a flotation machine is used for rough concentration, and flotation columns are used for scavenging and concentration; and performing scavenging on the roughed tailings, performing scavenging once to obtain flotation tailings, and combining roughed concentrate and scavenged concentrate and performing concentration twice or three times to obtain ilmenite concentrate.
In the roughing, scavenging and concentrating in the step (2), the used flotation reagents comprise water glass, sulfuric acid, lead nitrate, hydroximic acid, sodium oleate and No. 2 oil; the flotation reagents have synergistic effect. In the prior art, the flotation reagents can be combined in various ways, the effect difference generated by different combining ways is very large, the optimal combination can be confirmed and the synergistic effect is generated after multiple theoretical analyses and a large number of tests and verifications; the inventor combines the six flotation reagents for the first time to generate a synergistic effect and successfully realize the separation of the ultrafine ilmenite. The concrete matching mode is as follows: firstly, water glass and sulfuric acid are firstly used as a dispersing agent and a pH regulator to provide a proper ore pulp environment for later-stage activated flotation; secondly, the activating agent lead nitrate is matched with the collecting agent hydroximic acid to improve the selectivity of mineral flotation and ensure the grade of the concentrate product, and meanwhile, the activating agent lead nitrate is matched with sodium oleate to increase the collecting capability in the flotation process and ensure the recovery rate of the concentrate product; and finally, the 2# oil assists hydroximic acid and sodium oleate to realize the floating recovery of mineral particles. Under the synergistic cooperation of the six medicaments, the high-efficiency recovery of the ultrafine ilmenite mineral particles is finally realized.
According to the invention, the magnetic separation in the step (1) and the flotation in the step (2) are organically combined; the ilmenite magnetic separation pre-enrichment provides a proper floating raw material for ilmenite flotation, and the ilmenite flotation verifies the feasibility of a scheme of 'medium magnetic pre-separation-superconducting magnetic separation-ore grinding-medium magnetic pre-separation-superconducting magnetic separation'.
The grade of the obtained final ilmenite concentrate TiO2 is more than 47 percent, the recovery rate is more than 40 percent, the current situation that the ilmenite with the grain size less than 20 microns in the prior art is not effectively sorted and is directly discarded is thoroughly changed, and the effect of sorting the ilmenite with the grain size less than 20 microns even reaches the production field sorting index of the ilmenite with the grain size greater than 20 microns in the prior art: the grade of the titanium concentrate TiO2 is more than 47%, the recovery rate is about 50%, and the economic value is huge.
The basic idea of the invention is as follows:
by magnetic separation, the micro-fine particle ilmenite material is pre-enriched, a large amount of tailings are thrown out, a proper material is provided for flotation operation, and qualified ilmenite concentrate is obtained by flotation.
In the step (1), the magnetic pre-separation I and the medium magnetic pre-separation II in the first stage of magnetic separation process have the function of separating out strong magnetic minerals and ilmenite with relatively coarse size fraction, and the smooth performance of the superconducting magnetic separation I and the superconducting magnetic separation II is respectively ensured; the superconducting magnetic separation I and the superconducting magnetic separation II have the function of ensuring the high-efficiency recovery of the ultrafine ilmenite; the regrinding ore grinding has the function of reducing the granularity of coarse-grained gangue minerals in the concentrate selected by the superconducting magnetic separation I and provides conditions for the magnetic separation and tailing discarding of the superconducting magnetic separation II.
In the flotation process in the step (2), a flotation machine is used for roughing, part of ilmenite suitable for being recycled by the flotation machine is recycled while pulp is mixed by the flotation machine, and a flotation column is used as scavenging equipment to ensure effective recycling of fine ilmenite; the concentration uses a flotation column with high enrichment efficiency, and the grade and the recovery rate of the Ti concentrate can be ensured at the same time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method is characterized in that medium magnetic preselection is set before the metal minerals are processed by the superconducting magnetic separator, and the medium magnetic preselection and the superconducting magnetic separation are combined to be used for sorting the metal minerals, so that the method is different from the existing superconducting magnetic separator for directly sorting (non) metal minerals, and the medium magnetic preselection I and the medium magnetic preselection II are selected, so that the strong magnetic minerals in the materials are effectively removed, and the influence of the strong magnetic minerals on the superconducting magnetic separation and flotation is reduced; the superconducting magnetic separator is innovatively used for pre-enriching rare metal minerals (ilmenite), the superconducting magnetic separator I and the superconducting magnetic separator II are used, on the basis of low energy consumption (generally 10% of the conventional magnetic separator), the magnetic field intensity far higher than that of the conventional magnetic separator is provided, the ore feeding speed can be increased under the condition of a high magnetic field, the handling capacity of the (low-concentration ultrafine-particle ilmenite) is increased, and meanwhile, the high magnetic field and the high ore feeding speed are favorable for increasing the magnetic separation enrichment ratio, so that the efficient pre-enrichment of the ilmenite is realized.
2. The role of grinding in beneficiation processes is generally to increase the degree of dissociation of mineral monomers. In the invention, the monomer dissociation degree of the ultra-fine ilmenite completely meets the separation requirement. The grinding effect of the invention breaks through the grinding effect in the traditional sense, and the grinding effect of the invention is to reduce the granularity of the gangue minerals, thereby increasing the resistance of the gangue minerals during magnetic separation and further leading more gangue minerals to enter magnetic separation tailings. The method breaks through the prejudice that the separation of ultrafine-grained minerals, especially the minerals with the grain size less than 0.038 micron, is not suitable for regrinding in the prior art, because the regrinding of fine-grained minerals can deteriorate the separation index, and the reverse thinking of the method is that the regrinding is carried out, so that the separation index is improved.
3. In the invention, the granularity of mineral raw materials is-0.020 mm accounting for 50-80%, and the mineral raw materials hardly contain +0.038mm, so that the technical bias that the flotation machine is not suitable for sorting minerals with the granularity of less than 0.038mm is overcome. The flotation machine has the functions of mixing pulp and separating part of the easily floated ilmenite simultaneously, so that the grade of flotation concentrate is ensured, materials which are fully mixed by the flotation machine are scavenged by the flotation column, the difficultly floated ultrafine ilmenite is effectively recovered, and the flotation recovery rate of the ilmenite is ensured. The flotation column is selected and used, so that the flotation process flow is shortened on the basis of effectively recovering the ultrafine ilmenite.
4. The invention utilizes the new process to realize the effective recovery of the ultrafine ilmenite, has reasonable and simple process configuration, easy process conversion into production practice, meets the requirements of energy conservation, consumption reduction and sustainable development, has good environmental friendliness, solves the worldwide problem that the ultrafine ilmenite with the particle size of (-0.020mm) cannot be effectively recovered and can deteriorate the separation of the ilmenite with the coarse particle size (+0.020mm) in the prior art, is directly discharged into tailings as slime to cause the large loss of titanium resources, has huge economic benefit and is worthy of popularization.
Drawings
For ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following specific examples and figures.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for pre-enrichment and concentration of an ultra-fine ilmenite material according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the number quality of the sorted results of the example.
Detailed Description
Example one
Raw materials: the ultrafine ilmenite used in the test is from a certain selection plant in Panzhihua region, the material granularity is-0.020 mm and accounts for 74.22%, the ore pulp concentration is 5%, and TiO is2The grade was 8.89%.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a process for pre-enriching and concentrating ultra-fine ilmenite comprises the following steps:
(1) performing magnetic separation and pre-enrichment on the ultrafine ilmenite;
the magnetic separation and pre-enrichment of the ultrafine ilmenite material sequentially comprises a first-stage magnetic separation and a second-stage magnetic separation, wherein the first-stage magnetic separation sequentially comprises a medium magnetic preselection I and a superconducting magnetic separation I, the second-stage magnetic separation sequentially comprises a medium magnetic preselection II and a superconducting magnetic separation II, and tailings of the medium magnetic preselection I are fed into the superconducting magnetic separation I; regrinding the concentrate subjected to superconducting magnetic separation I and feeding the concentrate into a medium magnetic preselection II; feeding the tailings of the medium magnetic preselection II into a superconducting magnetic separation II; the concentrate of the medium magnetic pre-concentration I and the concentrate of the medium magnetic pre-concentration II are combined and are subjected to weak magnetic separation for iron removal, and then are combined with the concentrate of the superconducting magnetic separation II to form ilmenite pre-enriched concentrate, and tailings 1 and 2 of the superconducting magnetic separation I and the superconducting magnetic separation II are combined to be used as tailings;
the medium magnetic preselection I equipment selects a flat magnetic separator, the magnetic field intensity is 480kA/m, the superconducting magnetic separation I equipment is a superconducting magnetic separator, and the background magnetic field intensity is 1600 kA/m; selecting a flat magnetic separator by medium magnetic preselection II equipment, wherein the magnetic field intensity is 640kA/m, the superconducting magnetic separation II equipment is a superconducting magnetic separator, and the background magnetic field intensity is 1760 kA/m; the weak magnetic separation equipment is a cylindrical magnetic separator, and the magnetic field intensity is 160 kA/m. The regrinding equipment selects a vertical stirring mill, and the fineness of the ground ore product is controlled to be-0.020 mm and accounts for 90 percent.
(2) Performing magnetic separation and pre-enrichment on Ti concentrate for flotation and concentration;
the ilmenite pre-enriched concentrate is refined by adopting a flotation machine-flotation column combined process, a flotation machine is used for roughing, and flotation columns are used for scavenging and refining; the rougher tailings are scavenged once to obtain floated tailings 3, and the rougher concentrate and the scavenged concentrate are combined and then are concentrated for three times to obtain ilmenite concentrate.
The flotation reagent selects water glass as a dispersing agent and an inhibitor, sulfuric acid as a pH regulator, lead nitrate as an activating agent, hydroximic acid and sodium oleate as a collecting agent and 2# oil as a foaming agent.
The final product index obtained according to the above test steps is shown in table 1, and the data of each step is shown in fig. 2.
TABLE 1 ultra-fine ilmenite "superconducting magnetic separation, machine-column flotation" recovery results%
As can be seen from Table 1, the final ilmenite concentrate product, TiO2Grade 47.23%, TiO2The recovery was 43.05%.
Comparative example
The method comprises the following steps: the ultrafine ilmenite used in the test is from a certain selection plant in Panzhihua region, the material granularity is-0.020 mm and accounts for 74.22%, the ore pulp concentration is 5%, and TiO is2The grade was 8.89%, as comparative examples 1 and 2.
Comparative example 1
A magnetic separation (medium magnetic pre-separation-superconducting magnetic separation) process for ultrafine ilmenite comprises the following steps:
the concrete steps are the same as the step (1) of the example, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 recovery results/% of ultrafine ilmenite "magnetic pre-concentration-superconducting magnetic separation
Comparative example 2
The flotation (flotation machine-flotation column) process for the ultrafine ilmenite comprises the following implementation steps of the step (2) in the same embodiment:
the ultrafine grained ilmenite material is floated by adopting a flotation machine-flotation column combined process, a flotation machine is used for roughing, and flotation columns are used for scavenging and concentrating; and performing scavenging on the rougher tailings once to obtain flotation tailings, combining rougher concentrates and scavenging concentrates, and performing concentration for three times to obtain ilmenite concentrates.
The flotation reagent selects water glass as a dispersing agent and an inhibitor, sulfuric acid as a pH regulator, lead nitrate as an activating agent, hydroximic acid and sodium oleate as a collecting agent and 2# oil as a foaming agent.
The test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 ultra-fine ilmenite flotation recovery results%
In comparison, as can be seen from the analysis of the sorting results in tables 1, 2 and 3, neither of the steps (1) and (2) alone can effectively recover ultrafine ilmenite. The magnetic separation in the step (1) and the flotation in the step (2) are organically combined, so that the high-efficiency recovery of the ultrafine ilmenite can be realized; the ilmenite magnetic separation pre-enrichment provides a proper floating raw material for ilmenite flotation, and the ilmenite flotation verifies the feasibility of a scheme of 'medium magnetic pre-separation-superconducting magnetic separation-ore grinding-medium magnetic pre-separation-superconducting magnetic separation'.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The process for pre-enriching and concentrating the ultrafine ilmenite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) performing magnetic separation and pre-enrichment on the ultrafine ilmenite material;
the magnetic separation and pre-enrichment of the ultrafine ilmenite material sequentially comprises a first-stage magnetic separation and a second-stage magnetic separation, wherein the first-stage magnetic separation sequentially comprises a medium magnetic preselection I and a superconducting magnetic separation I, the second-stage magnetic separation sequentially comprises a medium magnetic preselection II and a superconducting magnetic separation II, and tailings of the medium magnetic preselection I are fed into the superconducting magnetic separation I; regrinding the concentrate subjected to superconducting magnetic separation I and feeding the concentrate into a medium magnetic preselection II; feeding the tailings of the medium magnetic preselection II into a superconducting magnetic separation II; the concentrate of the medium magnetic pre-concentration I and the concentrate of the medium magnetic pre-concentration II are combined and are subjected to weak magnetic separation for iron removal, and then are combined with the concentrate of the superconducting magnetic separation II to form ilmenite pre-enriched concentrate, and tailings of the superconducting magnetic separation I and the superconducting magnetic separation II are combined to be used as tailings;
(2) flotation and concentration of ilmenite pre-enriched concentrate;
sequentially carrying out rough concentration, scavenging and concentration processes on the ilmenite pre-enriched concentrate obtained in the step (1), wherein a flotation machine is used for rough concentration, and flotation columns are used for scavenging and concentration; and performing scavenging on the roughed tailings, performing scavenging once to obtain flotation tailings, and combining roughed concentrate and scavenged concentrate and performing concentration twice or three times to obtain ilmenite concentrate.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the granularity of the ultrafine ilmenite material is-0.020 mm and accounts for 50-80 percent; the material concentration is less than or equal to 15 percent; the grade of the material TiO2 is 6-12%.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein: the device for twice medium magnetic preselection in the step (1) is a cylindrical magnetic separator or a flat magnetic separator, and the magnetic field intensity is 320 kA-640 kA/m; the equipment for the two times of superconducting magnetic separation is a superconducting magnetic separator, and the magnetic field intensity is 1440 kA-2400 kA/m; the weak magnetic separation equipment is a cylindrical magnetic separator, and the magnetic field intensity is 100 kA-200 kA/m.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein: the regrinding device in the step (1) is a stirring mill, and the fineness of the ground ore product is-0.020 mm and accounts for 80-95%.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein: in the roughing, scavenging and concentrating in the step (2), the used flotation agents comprise water glass, sulfuric acid, lead nitrate, hydroximic acid, sodium oleate and No. 2 oil, and the flotation agents have synergistic effect.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein: the ilmenite concentrate TiO finally obtained in the step (2)2The grade is higher than 47%, and the recovery rate is higher than 40%.
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