CN110664460A

CN110664460A - Aiming device

Info

Publication number: CN110664460A
Application number: CN201910941946.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张文涛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Peking University Shenzhen Hospital
Priority date: 2019-09-30
Filing date: 2019-09-30
Publication date: 2020-01-10
Also published as: WO2021063257A1

Abstract

The invention discloses an aiming device which comprises a handle, a guide piece, an aiming arm, a positioning sleeve and a positioning needle. The handle has the end of gripping and keeps away from the link of gripping the end, the guide is connected with the link, the guide is equipped with first guiding hole, the guide still runs through the uncovered of offering so that one side and external intercommunication of first guiding hole along the axial of first guiding hole, aim the arm and include the stiff end of being connected with the handle and the free end of keeping away from the handle, the tip of free end is colluded the form, aim the arm and extend with the crossing mode of the central line with first guiding hole, the movable wearing to locate of position sleeve pipe is in first guiding hole, the position sleeve pipe runs through along its axial and has seted up the second guiding hole, the movable wearing to locate of position needle is in the second guiding hole. The sighting device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the required hole position can be accurately drilled on the bone, the condition of drilling deviation on the bone is avoided, the pain of a patient is relieved, and the operation time is shortened.

Description

Aiming device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a sighting device.

Background

Bone or ligament reconstructive surgery typically requires holes to be drilled through the bone for fasteners to be placed through the bone for fastening ligament or tendon implants or for securing artificial replacements. Most of the existing punching ways are that doctors use drills to punch needed holes on bones by virtue of many years of operation experiences, however, due to some interference in the operation process, the hole positions are likely to be deflected, the expected effect cannot be achieved, the operation time is easily prolonged, and pain is caused to patients.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to disclose an aiming device which is used for solving the problem that hole positions are possibly deviated when holes are punched on bones in the existing bone reconstruction surgery or ligament reconstruction surgery.

The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

an aimer for assisting in creating a hole in a bone, the aimer comprising:

a handle having a gripping end and a connecting end remote from the gripping end;

the guide piece is connected with the connecting end and provided with a first guide hole, and an opening is formed in the guide piece along the axial direction of the first guide hole in a penetrating manner so that one side of the first guide hole is communicated with the outside;

the aiming arm comprises a fixed end connected with the handle and a free end far away from the handle, the end of the free end is in a hook shape, and the aiming arm extends in a mode of intersecting with the center line of the first guide hole;

the positioning sleeve is movably arranged in the first guide hole in a penetrating manner, and a second guide hole penetrates through the positioning sleeve along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve; and

the positioning needle can movably penetrate through the second guide hole.

As an improvement mode, a first anti-slip line is arranged on one side, away from the aiming arm, of the holding end.

As an improvement mode, one side of the holding end, which faces the aiming arm, is provided with a plurality of first recesses used for being matched with fingers of a human body.

As a refinement, the aiming arm is further provided, near the free end, with a second recess for avoiding a humeral head.

As a refinement, the center line of the first guide hole forms an angle α with the extension direction of the aiming arm, α being 45 ° ± 30 °.

As an improvement mode, the guide is the cuboid of taking the fillet, and the definition the guide is kept away from the surface of aiming arm one side is the first surface, first guiding hole is equipped with six, six first guiding hole is in the first surface is two rows of three rows of arranging, is located two of guide both sides first guiding hole all communicates with the external world, is located two in the middle first guiding hole communicates each other and all communicates with the external world.

As a modification, the distance between two adjacent first guide holes is S, and S is 10 ± 1 mm.

As an improved mode, the positioning sleeve comprises a rod part and a clamping part connected with one end of the rod part, a second anti-skid pattern is arranged on the outer side wall of the clamping part, and the second guide hole penetrates through the clamping part and the rod part.

As a refinement, the guide is integrally formed with the handle.

As a refinement, the guide is rotatably connected to the handle.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the sighting device provided by the invention, a doctor can drill a required hole position on a bone more accurately by using the sighting device in the process of drilling the bone, the situation that the hole on the bone is deviated is avoided, the pain of a patient is reduced, the operation time is shortened, and the sighting device is communicated with the outside by arranging the side of the first guide hole.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sight according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the handle, guide and aiming arm;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a use state of the sight disclosed by the embodiment of the invention:

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sight according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning sleeve disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.

Referring to fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the present invention discloses an aimer 100 for assisting in making a hole in a bone, the aimer 100 including a handle 10, a guide 20, an aiming arm 30, a positioning sleeve 40, and a positioning pin 50. The handle 10 has a holding end 11 and a connecting end 12 far away from the holding end 11, the guide 20 is connected to the connecting end 12, the guide 20 is provided with a first guide hole 21, the guide 20 further penetrates through an opening 22 formed in the axial direction of the first guide hole 21 so as to enable one side of the first guide hole 21 to be communicated with the outside, the aiming arm 30 comprises a fixed end 31 connected to the handle 10 and a free end 32 far away from the handle 10, the end of the free end 32 is hook-shaped, the aiming arm 30 extends in a mode of intersecting with a central line L of the first guide hole 21, the positioning sleeve 40 movably penetrates through the first guide hole 21, the positioning sleeve 40 penetrates through a second guide hole 41 in the axial direction, and the positioning needle 50 movably penetrates through the second guide hole 41.

The positioning sleeve 40 is movably inserted into the first guide hole 21, which means that the positioning sleeve 40 can be inserted into the first guide hole 21 and also can be pulled out from the first guide hole 21. Similarly, the phrase "the positioning pin 50 is movably inserted into the second guiding hole 41" also means that the positioning pin 50 can be inserted into the second guiding hole 41, and can be pulled out from the second guiding hole 41.

When a hole needs to be drilled in the bone during the operation, the physician holds the holding end 11 by hand, extends the aiming arm 30 into the preset bone fixing place, anchors the hook-shaped end of the aiming arm 30 on the bone, then passes the positioning sleeve 40 through the first guiding hole 21, then the positioning needle 50 is inserted into the second guiding hole 41, the physician adjusts the angle of the aiming device 100 according to the preset drilling direction on the bone so that the positioning needle 50 is oriented in the preset drilling direction, the positioning needle 50 is knocked, one end of the positioning needle 50 is inserted into the bone, then, the positioning needle 50 is kept in place, the positioning sleeve 40 is withdrawn, the handle 10 is biased, the positioning needle 50 comes out from the side of the first guiding hole 21, the handle 10 and the guide 20 and aiming arm 30 connected to the handle 10 are then removed, and finally a hollow drill is sleeved outside the locator pin 50 and the drill is driven to rotate to drill the bone in the direction of the locator pin 50.

In the aimer 100 provided by this embodiment, a physician can drill a desired hole on a bone more accurately by using the aimer 100 during the process of drilling the bone, thereby avoiding the deviation of drilling holes on the bone, reducing the pain of the patient, and shortening the operation time, and the side of the first guiding hole 21 is arranged to communicate with the outside, so that when the physician completes the positioning of the positioning needle 50, the physician can complete the separation of the guiding element 20 and the positioning needle 50 by only shifting the handle 10, thereby facilitating the removal of the handle 10, the guiding element 20 connected to the handle 10, and the aiming arm 30, thereby effectively shortening the operation time and alleviating the pain of the patient, it should be noted that, if the side without the first guiding hole 21 is arranged to communicate with the outside, so that when the physician needs to remove the handle 10 after completing the positioning of the positioning needle 50, the handle 10 needs to be removed along the direction of the first guiding hole 21, and because the pointed end of the aiming arm 30 is anchored on the bone, on one hand, the handle 10 is not convenient to take out, on the other hand, the pointed end of the aiming arm 30 is bound to damage the bone of the patient, causing pain of the patient, and in addition, because the handle 10 is not easy to take down, the operation time is easy to prolong, and pain is also increased for the patient.

It should be noted that, a plurality of positioning sleeves 40 may be designed, the second guiding hole 41 of each positioning sleeve 40 has different hole diameters, and accordingly, a plurality of positioning needles 50 with different outer diameters may be designed to be matched with the positioning sleeves 40, so that a physician may select different positioning sleeves 40 and positioning needles 50 to perform an operation according to actual needs, thereby expanding the application range of the sight 100 and making the use more flexible.

It should be noted that the fixed end 31 of the aiming arm 30 is connected between the holding end 11 and the connecting end 12, and the holding end 11 is extended by a longer length, preferably the same width as the palm of the human body, so as to facilitate holding. Thus, on one hand, a doctor can conveniently operate the sighting device 100 by holding the holding end 11, and on the other hand, in the positioning process of the positioning needle 50, a hand held at the holding end 11 has a certain distance from the guide piece 20, so that a large operation area can be reserved, the hand does not interfere with the positioning needle 50 in the positioning process, and the operation can be smoothly performed.

As a modification of this embodiment, the side of the holding end 11 away from the aiming arm 30 is provided with a first anti-slip thread 111. In this design, by providing the first anti-slip threads 111, when the physician holds the handle 10, the anti-slip threads 111 can increase the friction force between the holding end 11 and the palm, so that the physician can hold the holding end 11 more stably.

As a modification of this embodiment, the side of the gripping end 11 facing the aiming arm 30 is provided with a plurality of first recesses 112 for engaging with human fingers. With this design, through setting up first sunken 112, like this doctor when gripping the end 11 of gripping, the finger can with the fine laminating of first sunken 112, accord with human engineering for doctor is more light when gripping the end 11.

As a modification of this embodiment, aiming arm 30 is further provided with a second recess 321 near the free end 32 for avoiding the humeral head. In this design, by providing second recess 321 at free end 32, wear of aiming arm 30 on the humeral head can be reduced when aiming apparatus 100 is used to assist in the perforation of the shoulder pelvis.

As a modification of this embodiment, the center line L of the first guide hole 21 makes an angle α with the extending direction of the aiming arm 30, where α is 45 ° ± 30 °.

As an improvement of this embodiment, guide 20 is the cuboid of fillet, and the surface that the arm 30 one side was kept away from to definition guide 20 is the first surface, and first guiding hole 21 is equipped with six, and six first guiding holes 21 are two rows of three columns arrangement on the first surface, and two columns of first guiding hole 21 that are located guide 20 both sides all communicate with the external world, and two first guiding holes 21 that are located the centre communicate each other and all communicate with the external world. Of course, the number of the first guiding holes 21 is not limited to six, and it is also possible that the first guiding holes 21 are provided with one to five or more than six, and according to the actual design requirement, correspondingly, the positioning sleeve 40 and the positioning pin 50 can be provided with the number matching with the number of the first guiding holes 21. Further, the guide block 20 is not limited to be a rectangular parallelepiped with rounded corners, for example, the guide block 20 may be designed to be spherical or other shapes as shown in fig. 4, depending on the actual design requirement.

As a modification of this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent first guide holes 21 is S, and S is 10 ± 1 mm.

As a modification of this embodiment, the positioning sleeve 40 includes a rod portion 42 and a locking portion 43 connected to one end of the rod portion 42, the outer side wall of the locking portion 43 is provided with a second anti-slip thread 431, and the second guide hole 41 penetrates through the locking portion 43 and the rod portion 42. In this design, the second anti-slip pattern 431 is disposed on the outer side wall of the detent portion 43, so that the physician can conveniently hold the detent portion 43 and pull the positioning sleeve 40 out of the first guide hole 21.

As a modification of the present embodiment, the guide 20 is integrally formed with the handle 10. Is convenient for manufacturing.

In other embodiments, guide 20 is rotatably coupled to handle 10. The amount of the angle α between the centerline L of the first guide bore 21 and the direction in which the aiming arm 30 extends can be adjusted by rotating the guide member 20 such that the alignment sleeve 40 swings toward or away from the aiming arm 30, thereby making the scope 100 more flexible and more space-efficient to use. For example, the connecting end 12 of the guide block 20 and the handle 10 may be designed as an articulated connecting structure.

Referring to fig. 5, as a modified form of the present embodiment, the outer side wall of the positioning sleeve 40 is provided with a scale 41, preferably, the reading of the scale 41 is gradually increased from the end of the rod portion 42 connected with the detent portion 43 to the end of the rod portion 42 away from the detent portion 43, when the detent portion 43 of the positioning sleeve 40 abuts on the guide member 20, the end of the rod portion 42 away from the detent portion 43 extends to the free end 32 of the aiming arm 30, so that when the aiming device 100 is used, the distance from the end of the rod portion 42 away from the detent portion 43 to the free end 32 can be known by reading the scale 41 on the positioning sleeve 40, that is, the width of the bone position clamped between the positioning sleeve 40 and the free end 32 can be known.

As an improvement mode of this embodiment, still run through on the handle 10 and seted up a plurality of measuring hole 13, a plurality of the aperture of measuring hole 13 differs, and this measuring hole 13 is used for measuring the diameter of rib or its replacement, and the numerical value that shows this measuring hole 13 aperture is carved with at the edge of every measuring hole 13, and during the use, when having a measuring hole 31 and just being fit for the rib that awaits measuring to pass, can obtain the diameter of this rib, it is very convenient.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aimer for assisting in creating a hole in a bone, the aimer comprising:

the positioning needle can movably penetrate through the second guide hole.

2. The sight of claim 1, wherein a side of the gripping end distal to the aiming arm is provided with a first anti-slip texture.

3. The sight of claim 1, wherein the gripping end is provided with a plurality of first recesses for engaging human fingers on a side of the aiming arm facing the gripping end.

4. The sight of claim 1, wherein the aiming arm is further provided with a second recess proximate the free end for avoiding a humeral head.

5. The sight of claim 1, wherein a centerline of the first guide hole is angled with respect to a direction of extension of the aiming arm by an angle α, α being 45 ° ± 30 °.

6. The sight of claim 1, wherein the guide member is a rectangular parallelepiped with rounded corners, the surface of the guide member on the side away from the aiming arm is defined as a first surface, six first guide holes are formed in the first surface, the six first guide holes are arranged in two rows and three columns, the two columns of the first guide holes on the two sides of the guide member are both communicated with the outside, and the two first guide holes in the middle are communicated with each other and are both communicated with the outside.

7. The sight of claim 6, wherein the first guide holes are spaced apart by S, S being 10 ± 1 mm.

8. The aiming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning sleeve includes a rod portion and a retaining portion connected to one end of the rod portion, the outer side wall of the retaining portion is provided with a second anti-slip thread, and the second guiding hole penetrates through the retaining portion and the rod portion.

9. The sight of claim 1, wherein the guide is integrally formed with the handle.

10. The sight of claim 1, wherein the guide is rotatably coupled to the handle.