CN110662233B - Statistical priority multiple access method based on directional antenna receiving and transmitting - Google Patents

Statistical priority multiple access method based on directional antenna receiving and transmitting Download PDF

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CN110662233B
CN110662233B CN201910929958.1A CN201910929958A CN110662233B CN 110662233 B CN110662233 B CN 110662233B CN 201910929958 A CN201910929958 A CN 201910929958A CN 110662233 B CN110662233 B CN 110662233B
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CN110662233A (en
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赵敏丞
陈卫卫
杨卓凯
周虎
雷青峰
李富强
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CETC 20 Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/21—Flow control; Congestion control using leaky-bucket
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
    • H04L47/62—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria
    • H04L47/625—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders
    • H04L47/6275—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders based on priority
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution
    • H04W28/082—Load balancing or load distribution among bearers or channels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention provides a statistical priority multiple access system based on directional antenna transceiving and an implementation method thereof, wherein an antenna selection and data packet marking module, a WFQ scheduler based on multiple transmitting channels and a transmitting channel switching module are added, different load statistics and rate controllers are set for different directional antennas, nodes calculate different transmitting data backoff values according to the network load of each node working area so as to reduce the network load, the WFQ scheduler based on the multiple transmitting channels selects a plurality of data packets transmitted from different directional antennas from a priority queue according to the number of the transmitting channels, and F transmitting channels are allocated with corresponding directional transmitting antennas to prepare for transmitting data. Compared with the traditional SPMA method, the invention improves the throughput between the nodes, improves the concealment of the communication between the nodes and ensures that the SPMA can effectively work under a directional communication system.

Description

Statistical priority multiple access method based on directional antenna receiving and transmitting
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless network dynamic management application, in particular to a Statistical Priority Multiple Access (SPMA) system and an implementation method.
Background
Wireless network media Multiple Access (MAC) technology allocates valuable radio resources to a plurality of wireless nodes. Time division multiple access Technology (TDMA) allocates radio channel resources in time slots. The competition-based multiple access technology enables a single node to realize 'transmission on demand', and the Aloha protocol is a random access method used in the early period and allows the node to transmit data on demand, but under the condition of a large number of nodes, the network throughput is seriously reduced due to data collision caused by frequent competition of wireless resources among the nodes by adopting the method. The CSMA/CA method adopts a carrier sensing and collision backspacing mechanism to avoid the collision problem caused by 'sending on demand', and the transmission delay of a data packet is increased under the condition of more nodes. The statistical priority multiple access technology enables a plurality of users to share part of limited frequency, and pulse signals containing the same data packet information are sent out in a plurality of wireless channels, and the pulse information can be correctly analyzed even if partial collision occurs, so that the throughput of a network is improved, and the transmission delay of data packets is reduced.
Statistical Priority Multiple Access (SPMA) techniques typically employ omni-directional antennas to transmit and receive data information for multiple users. The SPMA uses a transceiver to constantly monitor and receive information on each radio channel and parse it back into packets. As the number of users increases, the SPMA may sense activity on the channel and actively defer transmitting data if the channel load reaches a certain threshold to maintain the channel load. This maintains the per-user throughput at T/N, where T is the channel capacity of the SPMA and N is the number of nodes of the network. As the number of users increases, the throughput per node decreases.
In the case of a node having only directional transmit and receive antennas, the conventional statistical priority multiple access method does not work effectively. Because the wireless pulse signals of the working area can only be counted by adopting the directional antenna, if the information is taken as the basis for judging the network load, the misjudgment of the network load can be caused, and the established target of the SPMA access method can not be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a Statistical Priority Multiple Access (SPMA) system based on directional antenna receiving and sending and a realization method thereof, which optimizes the traditional statistical priority multiple access method, adds an antenna selection and data packet marking module, a WFQ scheduler based on multiple sending channels and a sending channel switching module, sets different load statistics and rate controllers for different directional antennas, and calculates different sending data backoff values according to the network load of each node working area so as to reduce the network load. The antenna selection and data packet marking module selects the best sending antenna according to the destination address of the data packet and the signal strength of the target node received by different directional antennas, and marks the identifier I of the sending antenna to the data packet, wherein the identifier I belongs to {1, 2 and 3.. I }; the WFQ scheduler based on the multi-transmission channel selects a plurality of data packets transmitted from different directional antennas from the priority queue according to the number of the transmission channels, and allocates F transmission channels (F is less than or equal to I) to corresponding directional transmission antennas to prepare for transmitting data.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a statistic priority multiple access system based on directional antenna transceiving, wherein priority service and low-delay service data packets are subjected to antenna selection and data packet marking modules to select transmitting antennas of the data packets, the selected antennas are marked in the data packets, the priority service data packets enter a priority queue through a queue manager, a WFQ scheduler based on multiple transmitting channels selects a plurality of data packets to be transmitted from the priority queue, the data packets are placed in a cache of the corresponding transmitting antenna after being judged by a transmitting channel switching module to be transmitted, and the transmitting backoff time is obtained by dynamically calculating according to network loads fed back by other neighbor nodes by a rate controller corresponding to the transmitting antenna; the low-delay service data packet is prevented from service burst through the leaky bucket, and is judged by the sending channel switching module to be sent out through the corresponding directional antenna.
The method for realizing the statistic priority multiple access system based on the directional antenna receiving and transmitting comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, a data packet to be sent enters an antenna selection and data packet marking module, and an identifier I of a sending antenna belongs to {1, 2, 3.. I } and is marked in the data packet;
step 2: the data packets of the services with different priorities enter a priority queue to be sent, and the data packets of the low-delay services with the transmission delay less than or equal to 10ms enter a leaky bucket to be sent;
and step 3: selecting F data packets sent from different antennas from the priority queue for ready sending by a WFQ scheduler based on a sending channel according to the number F of the sending channels of the system;
and 4, step 4: the sending channel switching module allocates F sending channels to corresponding directional antennas according to the destination node of the data packet scheduled by the WFQ scheduler, and prepares to send the scheduled data packet;
and 5: the sending channel switching module puts the priority service data packet into a corresponding cache according to the sending antenna tag value in the data packet, sends the priority service data packet according to the sending back-off time decided by the rate controller, the node manager and the rate controller calculate the sending back-off time according to the network load information of different neighbor node receiving domains, and sends the priority data packet out when the sending back-off time is reached, and the step 6 is entered; the low-delay service data packet entering the sending channel switching module is sent to an antenna to be sent out;
step 6: different directional antennas of the node monitor the load conditions of all channels of the corresponding working area, including the number of pulse signals sent by the node and the number of pulse signals received from other nodes, and the number of pulse signals sent by the node and the number of pulse signals received from other nodes are packaged into a network load information data packet and sent out; meanwhile, different directional antennas of the nodes also receive network load information data packets sent by other neighbor nodes, analyze the content of the network load information data packets, and maintain the network load information of different neighbor node receiving domains.
Compared with the traditional SPMA method, the Statistical Priority Multiple Access (SPMA) method based on directional antenna transceiving can improve the throughput between nodes from T/N to T/N i (N is the number of nodes of the whole network, N i Is the number of nodes in the reception domain of the directional antenna i, N i < N) and improves the concealment of inter-node communication. Because the directional communication system is adopted, the throughput and the concealment are improved, the original method under the omnidirectional system can not effectively work under the directional communication system, and the SPMA can effectively work under the directional communication system.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the SPMA principle based on directional antenna transceiving according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the WFQ scheduler based on the number of transmission channels according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The traditional statistical priority multiple access method is based on that a node has omnidirectional receiving and transmitting, and the traditional statistical priority multiple access method cannot effectively work under the condition that the node only has a directional receiving and transmitting antenna. The method described in the invention optimizes the traditional statistical priority multiple access method and can effectively work under the condition that the node only has a directional transmitting and receiving antenna. Compared with the omnidirectional statistic priority multiple access method, the system throughput can be improved by adopting the directional statistic priority multiple access under the condition that the network topology is not changed.
And a plurality of directional antennas of the node can continuously monitor and receive messages sent by other nodes from all directions of the node, so that the global information receiving is completed. The transceivers of each directional antenna constantly monitor and receive information on each radio channel and parse and recover the information into data packets for subsequent further processing.
The invention assumes that the platform receives and transmits data through a plurality of directional antennas, has the capability of multiple sending and multiple receiving at the same time, namely, the plurality of antennas can simultaneously receive data in different directions and transmit the data to a set target node through a plurality of directional antennas.
The multiple directional antennas of the node constantly monitor and receive messages sent by other nodes, and the transceiver of each directional antenna constantly monitors and receives information on each wireless channel and resolves the information back into data packets for subsequent further processing.
A statistic priority multiple access system based on directional antenna transceiving is disclosed, as shown in figure 1, which shows the framework and working principle of the whole system, priority service and low-delay service data packets pass through an antenna selection and data packet marking module to select transmitting antennas of the data packets, the selected antennas are marked in the data packets, the priority service data packets pass through a queue manager to enter a priority queue, a WFQ scheduler based on a multiple transmission channel selects a plurality of data packets to be transmitted from the priority queue, the data packets are placed in a cache of the corresponding transmitting antenna after being judged by a transmission channel switching module to wait for transmission, wherein the transmission backoff time is obtained by a rate controller corresponding to the transmitting antenna according to dynamic calculation of network loads fed back by other neighbor nodes; the low-delay service data packet is prevented from service burst through the leaky bucket, and is judged by the sending channel switching module to be sent out through the corresponding directional antenna.
A method for realizing a statistic priority multiple access system based on directional antenna receiving and transmitting comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, a data packet to be sent enters an antenna selection and data packet marking module, and an identifier I of a sending antenna belongs to {1, 2, 3.. I } and is marked in the data packet;
step 2: the data packets of the services with different priorities enter a priority queue to be sent, and the data packets of the low-delay services with the transmission delay less than or equal to 10ms enter a leaky bucket to be sent; this step is the same as that of the conventional SPMA algorithm;
and step 3: selecting F data packets sent from different antennas from the priority queue to be sent by a WFQ scheduler based on a sending channel according to the number F of the sending channels of the system; the WFQ scheduler can only select 1 data packet from the priority queue to be sent each time, and a plurality of data packets selected by running the WFQ scheduler for a plurality of times can be sent by the same antenna, so that some sending channels do not work, and other sending channels continuously send the data packets, which wastes the sending time of the sending channels;
and 4, step 4: the sending channel switching module allocates F sending channels to corresponding directional antennas according to the destination node of the data packet scheduled by the WFQ scheduler, and prepares to send the scheduled data packet;
and 5: the sending channel switching module puts the priority service data packet into a corresponding cache according to the sending antenna tag value in the data packet, sends the priority service data packet according to the sending back-off time decided by the rate controller, the node manager and the rate controller calculate the sending back-off time according to the network load information of different neighbor node receiving domains, and sends the priority data packet out when the sending back-off time is reached, and the step 6 is entered; the low-delay service data packet entering the sending channel switching module is sent to an antenna to be sent out;
step 6: different directional antennas of the node monitor the load conditions of all channels of the corresponding working area, including the number of pulse signals sent by the node and the number of pulse signals received from other nodes, and the number of pulse signals sent by the node and the number of pulse signals received from other nodes are packaged into a network load information data packet and sent out; meanwhile, different directional antennas of the nodes also receive network load information data packets sent by other neighbor nodes, analyze the content of the network load information data packets, and maintain the network load information of different neighbor node receiving domains.
The examples are as follows:
a method for realizing a statistic priority multiple access system based on directional antenna receiving and transmitting comprises the following steps:
step 1: the data packet to be sent firstly enters an antenna selection and data packet marking module, and an antenna selection function selects a sending antenna for the data packet according to the following steps:
the node manager continuously collects the information (position, motion and the like) of the neighbor node and the signal intensity of the neighbor node received by the different directional antennas of the node, and feeds back the information (position, motion and the like) of the neighbor node and the signal intensity of the neighbor node received by the different directional antennas of the node to the antenna selection and data packet marking module; the antenna selection module establishes a pairing mapping relation between a certain neighbor and the directional antenna which receives the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal sent by the neighbor and has the maximum signal-to-noise ratio, the antenna selection function analyzes a target node of a data packet, and the directional antenna to be sent is selected according to the mapping relation between the neighbor and the directional antenna; marking the identifier I belonging to the transmitting antenna in the data packet as {1, 2, 3.. I };
step 2: service data packets with different priorities enter a priority queue to be sent; the data packet of the low-delay service with the transmission delay less than or equal to 10ms enters a leaky bucket to be sent; this step is the same as that of the conventional SPMA algorithm;
and step 3: selecting F data packets sent from different antennas from a priority queue for ready sending by a WFQ scheduler based on a sending channel according to the number F of the sending channels of the system;
the traditional WFQ scheduler can only select 1 data packet from the priority queue to be sent at a time, and a plurality of data packets selected by running the WFQ scheduler for a plurality of times may be sent on the same antenna, so that some sending channels will not work, and other sending channels will continuously send data packets, wasting the sending time of the sending channels.
The WFQ scheduler based on the sending channel has the following working steps:
for the kth data packet in the qth queue, if the data packet is sent from the ith directional antenna, the virtual time for the data packet to leave the queue
Figure BDA0002219959590000051
Expressed as:
Figure BDA0002219959590000052
wherein
Figure BDA0002219959590000053
Representing the virtual time for the packet to leave the queue under fairness,
Figure BDA0002219959590000054
according to the formula
Figure BDA0002219959590000055
Is calculated, wherein
Figure BDA0002219959590000056
Indicates the arrival enqueue time of the kth data packet in the qth queue (the data packet is transmitted from the ith directional antenna), phi q Representing the service rate of queue q;
Figure BDA0002219959590000061
indicating that the kth data packet in the qth queue is transmitted from the ith directional antenna and dequeued at the current rateVirtual time of column, according to formula
Figure BDA0002219959590000062
Is calculated, wherein
Figure BDA0002219959590000063
Indicating the packet length of the kth data packet in the qth queue (the data packet is transmitted from the ith directional antenna); the WFQ scheduler based on the transmission channel traverses all the data packets from the priority queue, selects the maximum F data packets to be transmitted to different directional antennas, and the data packets all satisfy
Figure BDA0002219959590000064
I.e. the data packet with the smallest virtual departure time for a certain antenna i. As shown in fig. 2, compared with the conventional WFQ algorithm, the method can select a plurality of data packets at a time, and can select data packets to transmit from the queue. The method ensures that all the sending channels can continuously send the data packets, and avoids wasting the sending time of the sending channels.
And 4, step 4: the sending channel switching module allocates the F sending channels to corresponding directional antennas according to the sending antenna identification in the data packet after scheduling by the scheduler, and prepares to send the scheduled data packet;
and 5: the sending channel switching module will put the priority service data packet into the corresponding cache according to the sending antenna tag value in the data packet, send the priority service data packet according to the sending back-off time decided by the rate controller in step 7, and enter step 6; the low-delay service data packet entering the sending channel switching module is sent to an antenna to be sent out;
step 6: different directional antennas of the node monitor the load conditions of all channels of the corresponding working area, including the number of pulse signals sent by the node and the number of pulse signals received from other nodes. For example, the pulse count obtained from the physical layer statistics every 10ms, which is txulses _ local + rxulses _ local, where txulses _ local represents the number of pulse signals transmitted by the node itself, and rxulses _ local represents the number of pulse signals received from other nodes, and this information is encapsulated in a network load information packet and transmitted.
Meanwhile, different directional antennas of the nodes also receive network load information data packets sent by other neighbor nodes N E {1, 2, 3.. N }, and the node manager analyzes the content of the network load information data packets and maintains the network load information of different neighbor node receiving domains; for each directional antenna, the node manager selects the maximum network load value sent by the neighbor
Figure BDA0002219959590000065
As the transmit domain network load for the transmit antenna.
And 7: and the node manager and the rate controller calculate the sending back-off time according to the network load information of different neighbor node receiving domains, and send out the priority data packet when the back-off time is reached. The invention adopts a directional antenna to receive the domain network load value, and if the directional antenna sending the low-delay service data packet is sending the priority service data, the sending of the priority service data is interrupted, the low-delay service data packet is sent preferentially, and the interrupted priority service data packet in the cache is continuously sent again after the sending of the low-delay service data packet is completed.

Claims (1)

1. A statistic priority multiple access method based on directional antenna receiving and sending is characterized in that priority service and low-delay service data packets are subjected to antenna selection and data packet marking modules to select transmitting antennas of the data packets, the selected antennas are marked in the data packets, the priority service data packets enter a priority queue through a queue manager, a WFQ scheduler based on multiple transmitting channels selects a plurality of data packets to be transmitted from the priority queue, the data packets are placed in a cache of the corresponding transmitting antenna after being judged by a transmitting channel switching module and are waiting to be transmitted, wherein the transmission backoff time is obtained by dynamically calculating a rate controller corresponding to the transmitting antenna according to network loads fed back by other neighbor nodes; the low-delay service data packet avoids service burst through the leaky bucket, and is judged by the sending channel switching module to be sent out through the corresponding directional antenna, and the specific steps comprise:
step 1: firstly, a data packet to be sent enters an antenna selection and data packet marking module, and an identifier I of a sending antenna belongs to {1, 2, 3.. I } and is marked in the data packet;
step 2: the data packets of the services with different priorities enter a priority queue to be sent, and the data packets of the low-delay services with the transmission delay less than or equal to 10ms enter a leaky bucket to be sent;
and step 3: selecting F data packets sent from different antennas from the priority queue to be sent by a WFQ scheduler based on a sending channel according to the number F of the sending channels of the system;
and 4, step 4: the sending channel switching module distributes F sending channels to corresponding directional antennas according to the destination node of the data packet scheduled by the WFQ scheduler to prepare for sending the scheduled data packet;
and 5: the sending channel switching module puts the priority service data packet into a corresponding cache according to the sending antenna tag value in the data packet, sends the priority service data packet according to the sending back-off time decided by the rate controller, the node manager and the rate controller calculate the sending back-off time according to the network load information of different neighbor node receiving domains, and sends the priority data packet out when the sending back-off time is reached, and the step 6 is entered; the low-delay service data packet entering the sending channel switching module is sent to an antenna to be sent out;
step 6: different directional antennas of the node monitor the load conditions of all channels of the corresponding working area, including the number of pulse signals sent by the node and the number of pulse signals received from other nodes, and the number of pulse signals sent by the node and the number of pulse signals received from other nodes are packaged into a network load information data packet and sent out; meanwhile, different directional antennas of the nodes also receive network load information data packets sent by other neighbor nodes, analyze the content of the network load information data packets, and maintain the network load information of different neighbor node receiving domains.
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