CN110657192A - Vibration isolation device based on tuned mass damper - Google Patents
Vibration isolation device based on tuned mass damper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110657192A CN110657192A CN201910904285.4A CN201910904285A CN110657192A CN 110657192 A CN110657192 A CN 110657192A CN 201910904285 A CN201910904285 A CN 201910904285A CN 110657192 A CN110657192 A CN 110657192A
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- spring
- damper
- vibration isolation
- isolation device
- tuned mass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/005—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
- F16L55/033—Noise absorbers
- F16L55/035—Noise absorbers in the form of specially adapted hangers or supports
Abstract
The invention discloses a vibration isolation device based on a tuned mass damper, which comprises: the bottom plate, upper surface one side of bottom plate is equipped with down the spring, the upper surface of bottom plate is kept away from one side of spring is equipped with down the attenuator down, down the attenuator with the top of spring is assembled simultaneously at the lower surface of quality piece down, the upper surface of quality piece is close to one side of spring is equipped with the spring down, the upper surface of quality piece is kept away from one side of going up the spring is equipped with the attenuator, go up the attenuator with the top of going up the spring is equipped with superstructure simultaneously. The upper spring is matched with the upper damper, the lower spring is matched with the lower damper, the upper damper and the lower damper provide resistance to movement, the movement energy is consumed, and the upper spring and the lower spring are elastically deformed to counteract vibration; meanwhile, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the shape is regular, and the installation and the replacement are convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of structure vibration reduction and isolation control, in particular to a vibration isolation device based on a tuned mass damper.
Background
In a support system, the superstructure may vibrate under the influence of external factors. For example, pipeline transportation systems are widely used in the industrial fields of electric power, chemical industry, aviation, ships and the like as important ways of transporting fluids (liquids, gases and powders). The long-term vibration problem during the service period of the fluid transmission pipeline not only can greatly shorten the service life of the pipeline system and the connecting equipment thereof, but also can directly cause the damage of the lower support seat due to the severe vibration generated under the specific operation condition, so that the safety accident is caused, and the vibration reduction and isolation is crucial to the safety and the economy of the fluid transmission pipeline system.
The existing support types are commonly provided with a movable support (a support allowing the pipeline to be displaced on the support) and a fixed support (a support fixed on the pipeline), and both support modes are rigid supports, which can cause the upper structure and the support structure to vibrate together and even generate resonance. In large power plants and oil pipelines, serious safety accidents will result.
Vibration isolation can be divided into two categories depending on the source of the vibration. For equipment which is itself a vibration source, in order to reduce its effect on surrounding machinery, equipment and buildings, it is isolated from the support to reduce the unbalanced inertial forces imparted to the support, known as active vibration isolation. Vibration isolation for water pumps, engines, hammer machines, and the like is a category. In the case of vibration source from the support vibration, in order to reduce the transmission of external vibration into the system, the system is installed on a vibration-isolated pedestal to isolate it from the ground, this measure is called passive vibration isolation, also called passive vibration isolation. The seat of the vehicle, the installation of precise instruments, the package of environmental transportation, the vibration isolation of missile launcher on naval vessels and the like belong to the category.
The existing method for reducing the vibration of the upper structure mainly comprises the following steps: optimizing the layout of the upper structure to reduce the vibration of the upper structure; the self strength of the buttress reinforcing structure is increased, and the like. The existing various vibration reduction and isolation measures have complex structure and high manufacturing cost, and the expected vibration reduction and isolation effect is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vibration isolation device based on a tuned mass damper, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a tuned mass damper based vibration isolation device comprising: the bottom plate, upper surface one side of bottom plate is equipped with down the spring, the upper surface of bottom plate is kept away from one side of spring is equipped with down the attenuator down, down the attenuator with the top of spring is assembled simultaneously at the lower surface of quality piece down, the upper surface of quality piece is close to one side of spring is equipped with the spring down, the upper surface of quality piece is kept away from one side of going up the spring is equipped with the attenuator, go up the attenuator with the top of going up the spring is equipped with superstructure simultaneously.
Preferably, the tuned mass damper-based vibration isolation device further includes: the foundation is provided with a structural spring, and the top end of the structural spring is assembled on the bottom surface of the bottom plate.
Preferably, in the tuned mass damper-based vibration isolating device as described above, the structural spring is fitted at a central position of the upper surface of the structure.
Preferably, in the tuned mass damper-based vibration isolation device, the upper spring, the upper damper, the lower spring, the lower damper and the structural spring are respectively provided with a connecting plate at two ends.
Preferably, in the vibration isolation device based on the tuned mass damper, two ends of the upper spring, the upper damper, the lower spring, the lower damper and the structural spring are fixedly assembled with the connecting plate.
Preferably, in the vibration isolation device based on the tuned mass damper, the connecting plates are fixedly assembled with the foundation, the bottom plate, the mass block and the upper structure respectively through bolts.
Preferably, in the vibration isolation device based on the tuned mass damper, the mass block is an integrally molded steel blank or a plurality of steel blanks stacked on one another.
Preferably, in the vibration isolating device based on a tuned mass damper, the upper damper and/or the lower damper is/are a viscous damper.
Preferably, in the vibration isolation device based on the tuned mass damper, the upper structure may be any structural form requiring vibration isolation, and is not limited to a pipeline structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: on one hand, based on the vibration reduction and isolation principle of the tuned mass damper, the upper spring is matched with the upper damper, the lower spring is matched with the lower damper, the upper damper and the lower damper provide resistance to movement, the movement energy is consumed, and meanwhile, the upper spring and the lower spring are elastically deformed to achieve the effect of counteracting vibration; on the other hand, the vibration isolation device based on the tuned mass damper is simple in structure, saves the manufacturing cost, is regular in shape and size, and facilitates the replacement of the upper spring, the lower spring, the mass block and the damper.
Particularly, the invention changes the mass ratio, the frequency ratio and the damping ratio of the device and the structure by adjusting the parameters of a mass block, a damper and a spring in the device, thereby adjusting the natural vibration frequency of the device. When the upper structure is excited by external force, the mass block in the device vibrates along with the upper structure, and force opposite to the direction of the external exciting force is applied to the upper structure. The amplitude of the upper structure is damped by the reaction force provided by the device, which effectively dampens the vibrations of the upper structure from the transmission path.
Furthermore, the invention deals with different working conditions of the upper structure by selecting different damper parameters, spring stiffness and mass blocks. Therefore, on the premise of meeting the requirements of machining and installation, the parameters of the vibration isolation device need to be reasonably selected, so that the vibration attenuation effect of the device on the lower part structure is optimal.
Furthermore, the vibration isolation device has a wide frequency modulation range and a better vibration reduction and isolation effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a force conductivity three-dimensional curved surface of the vibration isolation device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the displacement time course of the steel beam and the lower structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing acceleration time courses of the steel beam and the substructure according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the variation of force conductivity with load frequency when the spring rate k of the vibration isolation device in the embodiment of the present invention is 50 kN/m;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the change of force transmission rate with load frequency at a spring rate k of 1000kN/m in the vibration isolating device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-upper structure, 2-upper spring, 3-upper damper, 4-mass block, 5-lower spring, 6-lower damper, 7-bottom plate, 8-structure spring and 9-foundation.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a technical solution is provided for the present invention: a vibration isolation device based on a tuned mass damper comprises a foundation 9, wherein a structural spring 8 is assembled on the foundation 9, a bottom plate 7 is assembled at the top end of the structural spring 8, a lower spring 5 is assembled on one side of the upper surface of the bottom plate 7, a lower damper 6 is assembled on one side, away from the lower spring 5, of the upper surface of the bottom plate 7, the lower damper 6 and the top end of the lower spring 5 are assembled on the lower surface of a mass block 4 at the same time, an upper spring 2 is assembled on one side, close to the lower spring 5, of the upper surface of the mass block 4, an upper damper 3 is assembled on one side, away from the upper spring 2, of the upper spring 3, and an upper structure 1 is assembled on the top end of the upper spring 2 at the same time. Based on the vibration reduction and isolation principle of the tuned mass damper, the upper spring is matched with the upper damper, the lower spring is matched with the lower damper, the upper damper and the lower damper provide resistance to movement, the movement energy is consumed, and meanwhile, the upper spring and the lower spring are elastically deformed to achieve the effect of counteracting vibration; moreover, the vibration isolation device has simple structure, greatly saves the manufacturing cost, has regular shape and size, effectively reduces the assembly and disassembly difficulty of the vibration isolation device, and particularly facilitates the replacement of the upper spring, the lower spring, the mass block and the damper.
In this embodiment, the vibration isolation device based on a tuned mass damper includes: foundation 9, the fixed structure spring 8 that is equipped with in upper surface central point of foundation 9, the top fixed bottom plate 7 that is equipped with of structure spring 8, the fixed spring 5 that is equipped with down in upper surface one side of bottom plate 7, the fixed damper 6 that is equipped with down in one side that lower spring 5 was kept away from to the upper surface of bottom plate 7, the fixed quality piece 4 that is equipped with in top of lower damper 6 and lower spring 5, the fixed spring 2 that is equipped with in one side that lower spring 5 is close to the upper surface of quality piece 4, the fixed damper 3 that is equipped with in one side that upper spring 3 was kept away from to the upper surface of quality piece 4, the fixed superstructure 1 that is equipped with in top of going up. In use, when the upper structure is excited by external force, the mass 4 in the vibration isolator vibrates to apply a force to the upper structure 1 in a direction opposite to the direction of the external force, so as to reduce the kinetic energy and counteract the vibration. It will be appreciated that the amplitude of the vibration of the superstructure 1 is damped by the reaction force provided by the vibration isolation device, thereby achieving an effective reduction of the vibration of the superstructure 1 in the transmission path.
Specifically, the upper damper 3 and the lower damper 6 may be viscous dampers, which are manufactured according to the principle that fluid movement, particularly, throttling resistance is generated when fluid passes through a throttling hole, are dampers related to the movement speed of a piston, and can be widely applied to the fields of high-rise buildings, bridges, building structure seismic reconstruction, industrial pipeline equipment seismic resistance, military industry and the like. Of course, the upper damper 3 and the lower damper 6 may be other types of dampers as long as the effects of providing motion resistance and reducing motion energy can be achieved during use.
In particular, the mass 4 is a mass member with adjustable mass, which can be selected, set or adjusted according to the specific use environment, so that the frequency of the vibration isolation device is equal to the free vibration frequency of the superstructure, thereby achieving the best control effect. In this embodiment, the mass block 4 is an integrally formed steel billet or a plurality of steel billets stacked together, and the steel billet is a product obtained by casting molten steel made by a steel-making furnace and has high strength, so that the mass block is not easy to deform and damage in the using process, and further the service life is prolonged.
Specifically, the upper spring 2, the upper damper 3, the lower spring 5, the lower damper 6, and the structural spring 8 are each fitted with a connecting plate at both ends. The connecting plate is fixedly assembled with the foundation, the bottom plate, the mass block and the upper structure respectively. In this embodiment, the upper spring 2, the upper damper 3, the lower spring 5, the lower damper 6 and the structural spring are fixedly assembled at two ends 8, the connecting plate is a plate-shaped member, and the connecting plate is fixedly assembled with the foundation 9, the bottom plate 7, the mass block 4 and the upper structure 1 through bolts, so that the difficulty in installation and maintenance of the vibration isolation device in the use process is greatly reduced, and the upper spring 2, the lower spring 5, the mass block 4, the upper damper 3 and the lower damper 6 can be conveniently replaced. On one hand, the upper spring 3 is matched with the upper damper 4, and the lower spring 5 is matched with the lower damper 6, so that the upper damper 4 and the lower damper 6 can provide resistance to movement in the use process of the vibration isolation device, the movement energy is greatly consumed, and meanwhile, the upper spring 3 and the lower spring 5 are elastically deformed to achieve the effect of counteracting vibration; on the other hand, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is saved, the shape and the size are regular, and the replacement of the upper spring, the lower spring, the mass block and the damper is convenient.
In particular, the superstructure 1 may be of any structural form requiring vibration isolation, not limited to a duct structure.
The working principle is as follows: the invention vertically arranges an upper damper and an upper spring between the mass block and the upper structure, vertically arranges a lower damper and a lower spring between the mass block and the lower structure, and embodies the rigidity and mass of the lower structure through the structural spring and the base.
The mechanical model of the vibration isolation device based on the tuned mass damper is a three-degree-of-freedom damped system, a differential equation is directly solved, the analytic solution is complex, the number of parameters needing to be optimally designed is large, the optimization is difficult, and the main difficulty of the parameter design of the device is solved. The device parameter design provides the following three methods:
1. the theoretical calculation method comprises the following steps:
when the external excitation force acting on the superstructure is a simple harmonic load, the equation of motion is as follows:
and establishing a dynamic equation of the vibration isolation system, solving a transfer function matrix of the system by utilizing Fourier transform under the condition that the mass, the rigidity and the damping of the upper structure and the lower structure are known, obtaining the force conductivity of the lower structure, and describing the working characteristics of the vibration isolation device according to the relationship between the force conductivity and the mass, the rigidity and the damping of the vibration isolation device.
The force transmission rate of the vibration isolator was plotted by MATLAB programming as shown in figure 4 below.
As can be seen, as the spring rate increases, the second and third order frequency response curves of the whole system begin to appear, and the peaks "drift" and appear as "arches" and "spikes" in the three-dimensional image. The force conductivity peaks corresponding to the third order frequency of the system are not clearly negligible in the figure.
Therefore, in the parameter design of the device, the peak value of the first two-order frequency of the system should be avoided, and the reasonable spring stiffness should be considered, so that the parameter with smaller force conductivity is selected as much as possible on the premise of not causing large displacement of the lower structure.
2. The simulation calculation method comprises the following steps:
establishing a finite element model of the device in finite element software such as ANSYS, ABAQUS and the like, and setting inherent property parameters of the system, such as: upper and lower structural masses, stiffness, damping, etc. And applying corresponding exciting force on the upper structure, continuously adjusting the mass of the mass block, the rigidity of the upper spring and the lower spring, and the damping coefficients of the upper damper and the lower damper, performing harmonic analysis on the model, simultaneously outputting the displacement of the upper structure and the lower structure, and comparing the peak value of the displacement curve of the upper structure and the lower structure with the trend that the dynamic response changes along with the load frequency. And selecting the optimal mass of the mass block, the stiffness of the upper spring and the lower spring and the damping coefficient of the upper damper and the lower damper by combining other factors such as economy and the like.
In the embodiment, the vibration reduction condition of the device is simulated on the basis of the continuous three-span steel beam, and the load frequency is equal to the first-order frequency 13.57HZ of the steel beam. The displacement time course and acceleration time course curves of the steel beam and the lower structure are drawn as shown in the following figures 5-6.
As can be seen from the figure, the displacement of the lower structure is obviously reduced compared with that of the upper structure, and the vibration isolation device has good vibration isolation effect on the lower structure.
Further, in order to prove the feasibility of the analytic method, in this embodiment, the spring stiffness k of the vibration isolation device is selected to be 50kN/m and 1400kN/m, respectively, and the change curve of the analytic force conductivity with the load frequency is plotted as shown in fig. 7-8 below.
Meanwhile, the finite element simulation result is drawn in the corresponding graph, the curve fitting degree of the finite element simulation result and the analytic solution is very good, and the correctness of the analytic calculation method is proved.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description of the specification and the accompanying drawings, the specific connection mode of each part adopts conventional means such as bolts, rivets, welding and the like mature in the prior art, the machines, the parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection mode in the prior art, so that the detailed description is omitted.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A tuned mass damper based vibration isolation device, comprising: bottom plate (7) upper surface one side of bottom plate (7) is equipped with down spring (5), the upper surface of bottom plate (7) is kept away from one side of spring (5) is equipped with down damper (6) down, lower damper (6) with the top of spring (5) is assembled simultaneously at the lower surface of quality piece (4) down, the upper surface of quality piece (4) is close to one side of spring (5) is equipped with spring (2) down, the upper surface of quality piece (4) is kept away from one side of spring (2) is equipped with damper (3) on, damper (3) with the top of spring (2) is equipped with superstructure (1) simultaneously.
2. The tuned mass damper-based vibration isolation device according to claim 1, further comprising: the structure spring is characterized by comprising a foundation (9), wherein a structure spring (8) is assembled on the foundation (9), and the top end of the structure spring (8) is assembled on the bottom surface of the bottom plate (7).
3. The tuned mass damper based vibration isolation device according to claim 2, wherein said structural spring (8) is mounted at a central position of the upper surface of said structure (9).
4. The tuned mass damper based vibration isolation device according to claim 3, wherein both ends of said upper spring (2), upper damper (3), lower spring (5), lower damper (6) and structural spring (8) are fitted with connection plates.
5. The tuned mass damper based vibration isolation device according to claim 4, wherein both ends of said upper spring (2), upper damper (3), lower spring (5), lower damper (6) and structural spring (8) are fixedly assembled with said connection plate.
6. The tuned mass damper based vibration isolation device according to claim 5, wherein said connection plates are each fixedly assembled with said foundation (9), bottom plate (7), mass (4) and superstructure (1) by bolts, respectively.
7. The tuned mass damper based vibration isolation device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein said mass (4) is an integrally formed steel blank or a stack of several steel blanks.
8. The tuned mass damper based vibration isolation device according to claim 7, wherein: the upper damper (3) and/or the lower damper (6) are viscous dampers.
9. The tuned mass damper based vibration isolation device according to claim 8, wherein: the upper structure (1) can be in any structural form requiring vibration isolation and is not limited to a pipeline structure.
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| CN201910904285.4A CN110657192A (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2019-09-24 | Vibration isolation device based on tuned mass damper |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111561535A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-21 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Power vibration absorber with stepless adjustable frequency |
| CN114370532A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-19 | 福州大学 | Variable-mass dynamic vibration absorber suitable for high-temperature pipeline and assembling method |
| WO2022083128A1 (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-04-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Smart spring-based tunable dynamic vibration absorber and control method |
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| CN114370532A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-19 | 福州大学 | Variable-mass dynamic vibration absorber suitable for high-temperature pipeline and assembling method |
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