CN110655078A - Integrative stove of dry process continuous preparation active carbon - Google Patents
Integrative stove of dry process continuous preparation active carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN110655078A CN110655078A CN201911111317.1A CN201911111317A CN110655078A CN 110655078 A CN110655078 A CN 110655078A CN 201911111317 A CN201911111317 A CN 201911111317A CN 110655078 A CN110655078 A CN 110655078A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/39—Apparatus for the preparation thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
- C01B32/348—Metallic compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated furnace for continuously preparing activated carbon by a dry method, which comprises a shell, wherein a rotary outer container is arranged in the shell, a rotary inner container is arranged in the rotary outer container, a spiral feed inlet and an air outlet are respectively arranged on two sides of the top of the shell, an activator inlet is arranged on one side of the shell, which is close to the air outlet, an induced draft fan is arranged on one side of the shell, which is close to the spiral feed inlet, and the induced draft fan is simultaneously communicated with the rotary inner container and; a heat source conduit is arranged at the center of the rotary inner container; the equipment utilizes waste heat on the outer wall of the carbon activation furnace to heat the biomass raw material, and simultaneously secondarily utilizes the cooled smoke to dry the biomass; the shell is internally provided with a plurality of liner layers and a heat preservation layer arranged outside the shell, so that the heat preservation performance of the carbonization furnace is improved, the energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and the energy conservation and environmental protection are realized; the device does not need mixing and dipping of the biomass raw material and the activating agent solution, and the active carbon is prepared by using a dry mixing method, so that the energy loss caused by introducing moisture is avoided while the activator solution is prevented from corroding the wall of the device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of activated carbon preparation devices, and particularly relates to the field of integrated furnaces for continuously preparing activated carbon by a dry method.
Background
The activated carbon has the capability of adsorbing harmful substances due to developed pore structure, large specific surface area and wide raw material sources, and is widely applied to the field of environmental protection; in recent years, the global demand for activated carbon has been continuously increasing due to clearer public awareness of the hazards caused by air and water pollution; the diversified raw materials for preparing the activated carbon can be developed, so that the consumption of the traditional wood and coal raw materials in the industry can be effectively reduced, and the method has economic and environmental-friendly benefits; among various preparation raw materials of the activated carbon, the biomass straw has the advantages of rich resource, various types, large quantity, wide distribution, huge development and utilization potential and very wide development prospect; however, when the existing activated carbon preparation device is used for preparing biomass raw material activated carbon, the characteristics of continuous production, energy conservation, high efficiency, simple and convenient operation, small corrosion to the wall of the device and the like cannot be considered, so that the yield of the biomass activated carbon is limited, and the equipment cost and the energy consumption are high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention achieves the purposes through the following technical scheme:
an integrated furnace for continuously preparing activated carbon by a dry method comprises a shell, wherein a rotary outer container is arranged in the shell, a rotary inner container is arranged in the rotary outer container, a spiral feed port and an air outlet are respectively formed in two sides of the top of the shell, a stirring rod is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the rotary outer container, an inclined auger rotary sheet is arranged on the outer side wall of the rotary inner container, threads are fixedly arranged on the inner side wall, and a material receiving plate is arranged on one side close to the spiral feed port; an activator inlet is formed in the outer side wall of the shell close to one side of the air outlet, an induced draft fan is arranged on one side of the shell close to the spiral feed inlet, and the induced draft fan is communicated with the rotary inner container and the rotary outer container simultaneously; and a heat source conduit is arranged at the center of the rotary inner container.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a combustion furnace is arranged outside the shell, two ends of the heat source conduit are communicated with the combustion furnace, the air outlet is communicated with the combustion furnace, and an oil pump is arranged between the combustion furnace and the heat source conduit.
As a further optimized scheme of the invention, the combustion furnace is also provided with a flue gas guide pipe, and the combustion furnace is communicated with the rotary inner container through the flue gas guide pipe; on one hand, the high-temperature flue gas provides energy for carbon activation, and on the other hand, the high-temperature flue gas serves as protective gas to prevent the activated carbon from being oxidized.
As a further optimized scheme of the invention, the outer surface of the heat source conduit is provided with a radiating fin; the radiating fins have the functions of increasing the surface area and improving the heat transfer efficiency.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the bottom of the inner side wall of the shell is provided with a material lifting plate, so that the material is conveniently lifted into the rotary outer container.
As a further optimized scheme of the invention, the shell is provided with a heat-insulating layer.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a discharge pipeline and a recovery tank are arranged on one side of the rotary inner container, which is far away from the material receiving plate, and are communicated with the recovery tank through the discharge pipeline; a microporous filter membrane is also arranged at the joint of the discharge pipeline and the recovery tank, and a discharge opening is formed in the bottom of the discharge pipeline; a cleaning liquid spraying opening is formed above the discharging opening; the activating agent recovery device is arranged on the structure basis, the activating agent can be recycled through the activating agent recovery device, and the carbon production cost is saved while the environmental pollution is avoided.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a vacuum pump is arranged on the recovery tank; during cleaning, the vacuum pump generates negative pressure on the right side of the microporous filter membrane, and the vacuum filtration technology is adopted to accelerate the separation of the cleaning liquid and the activated carbon.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a movable baffle and a gear are arranged on one side of the discharge pipeline close to the rotary inner container, a toothed plate is arranged on the movable baffle, and the toothed plate and the gear are meshed with each other to perform up-and-down reciprocating motion; and (3) the carbonized active carbon is rotated out by the rotating inner container and then is intercepted by the movable baffle plate for temporary storage.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention integrates the three heat absorption processes of drying, carbonization and activation into a horizontal furnace body, thereby realizing the high-efficiency utilization of energy;
2) the equipment heats the biomass raw material by using waste heat of the outer wall of the carbon activation furnace, and simultaneously secondarily uses the cooled flue gas to dry the biomass, so that the heat preservation performance of the carbonization furnace is improved, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the energy conservation and environmental protection are realized;
3) in the preparation process, a dry process is adopted, the biomass raw material and the activating agent solution are not required to be mixed and impregnated, and the corrosion of the furnace wall by the activating agent solution is avoided; and meanwhile, energy loss caused by introducing moisture can be further avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotary inner container of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure between the combustion furnace and the integrated furnace of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a housing; 11. a screw feed port; 12. an air outlet; 13. an activator inlet; 14. an induced draft fan; 15. lifting a material plate; 16. a heat-insulating layer; 2. rotating the outer container; 21. a stirring rod; 3. rotating the inner container; 31. the packing auger rotates the slice; 32. a thread; 33. a material receiving plate; 4. a heat source conduit; 41. a heat sink; 5. a combustion furnace; 51. a flue gas guide pipe; 52. an oil pump; 6. a discharge pipeline; 61. a microporous filtration membrane; 62. a discharge opening; 63. a cleaning liquid spray opening; 7. a recovery tank; 71. a vacuum pump; 8. a movable baffle; 81. a toothed plate; 9. a gear.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the integrated furnace for continuously preparing activated carbon by a dry method comprises a shell 1, wherein a rotary outer container 2 is arranged in the shell 1, a rotary inner container 3 is arranged in the rotary outer container 2, a heat source conduit 4 is arranged at the center of the rotary inner container 3, and a heat radiating fin 41 is arranged on the outer surface of the heat source conduit 4;
a spiral feed inlet 11 and an air outlet 12 are respectively arranged on two sides of the top of the shell 1, a material lifting plate 15 is arranged at the bottom of the inner side wall of the shell 1, and a heat insulation layer 16 is further arranged on the outer surface of the shell 1; an activator inlet 13 is arranged on the outer side wall of one side, close to the air outlet 12, of the shell 1, and an induced draft fan 14 is arranged on one side, close to the spiral feed port 11, of the shell 1; the induced draft fan 14 is respectively communicated with the rotary inner container 3 and the rotary outer container 2, and negative pressure is generated by the induced draft fan, so that the high-temperature flue gas can directionally move from right to left in the rotary inner container 3;
the outer side wall of the rotary outer container 2 is fixedly provided with a stirring rod 21 which rotates along with the rotary outer container, the outer side wall of the rotary inner container 3 is provided with an inclined auger rotary sheet 31, the inner side wall is fixedly provided with threads 32, and one side close to the spiral feed port 11 is provided with a material receiving plate 33; wherein, the top end of the left side of the material receiving plate 33 is fixed on the heat source conduit, and the right side of the material receiving plate extends into the inner part of the rotary inner container 3 by about 10 cm;
furthermore, a combustion furnace 5 is arranged outside the shell 1, two ends of the heat source conduit 4 are communicated with the combustion furnace 5, and the air outlet 12 is communicated with the combustion furnace 5; the combustion furnace 5 is also provided with a flue gas guide pipe 51, the combustion furnace 5 is communicated with the rotary inner container 3 through the flue gas guide pipe 51, and after high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace 5 is introduced into the rotary inner container 3, on one hand, energy is provided for activation of carbon, and on the other hand, the high-temperature flue gas is used as protective gas to prevent oxidation of the activated carbon;
to realize ZnCl2Recovering the activating agent, wherein a discharge pipeline 6 and a recovery tank 7 are arranged on one side of the rotary inner container 3, which is far away from the material receiving plate 33, and are communicated with the recovery tank 7 through the discharge pipeline 6; the recycling of the activating agent can be realized through the recycling device of the activating agent, so that the carbon making cost is saved while the environmental pollution is avoided; a microporous filter membrane 61 is further arranged at the joint of the discharge pipeline 6 and the recovery tank 7, and a discharge opening 62 is arranged at the bottom of the discharge pipeline 6; five groups of cleaning liquid spray openings 63 are arranged above the discharge opening 62 and are uniformly distributed at the top of the inner side wall of the discharge pipeline 6, so that the feeding of hydrochloric acid and hot water is realized; what is needed isA vacuum pump 71 is arranged on the recovery tank 7, the vacuum pump 71 generates negative pressure on the right side of the microporous filter membrane 61 during cleaning, and the separation of the cleaning solution and the activated carbon is accelerated by adopting a vacuum filtration technology; go out on the ejection of compact pipeline 6 and be close to 3 one sides of rotatory inner bag and be equipped with adjustable fender 8 and gear 9, be equipped with pinion rack 81 on the adjustable fender 8, pinion rack 81 and gear 9 intermeshing carry out up-and-down reciprocating motion to realize that the active carbon gets into the activator recovery area in batches.
The use method and the principle of the invention are as follows: firstly, after the combustion furnace works stably, an oil pump 52 and a fan are started to enable hot oil and high-temperature flue gas to flow stably; starting a motor to enable the rotary inner container and the rotary outer container of the integrated furnace to start to rotate, simultaneously starting a vacuum pump, and vacuumizing the tail end of the integrated furnace; then, the crushed straw and other biomass raw materials are poured into a hopper, and the crushed material is conveyed into the shell by a screw feeder;
in order to enable the materials to better enter the rotary outer container, the whole shell can be obliquely arranged, so that the materials slowly move to the padding plate under the self gravity or the disturbance of a stirring rod, the materials receive heat conducted out of the center of a heat source in the process, the temperature is gradually increased, and the contained water begins to evaporate;
when the materials are continuously stirred by the stirring rod and gradually reach the padding plate, the materials and ZnCl entering the integrated furnace from the activating agent inlet through the side wall2The activator contacts with each other, then enters the rotary outer container under the pushing of the screw plate of the packing auger, and the dry material particles and the activator continuously roll in the rotary outer container along with the stirring of the screw plate of the packing auger and are gradually and uniformly mixed; because the preheating mixing area is closer to the central heat source, the temperature of the preheating mixing area is between 320 ℃ and 550 ℃, the temperature of the biomass material in the area is further increased, and preliminary carbonization is started;
when the materials are lifted to the left side of the rotary inner container by the auger rotary sheet, part of the materials are pushed out at the upper end and fall into the material receiving plate, and then slide into the rotary inner container from the material receiving plate; the rest materials which do not enter the central carbon activation area are continuously turned over in the circulating motion of the auger rotor, are finally lifted to the upper end again, and gradually enter the central carbon activation area through the material receiving plate; wherein, the rotating speed of the rotary outer container should satisfy the following conditions: assuming that the rotation angular speed of the rotary outer container is w, neglecting the inclination of the furnace body, assuming that the radius of the rotary outer container is R, and the radius of the material receiving plate is R; the material will make the oblique throwing motion and enter the material receiving plate after leaving the furnace body. Assuming that the included angle between the connecting line of the material and the circle center and the horizontal direction is alpha when the material flies out
Vy＝ωR cosα
Vx＝ωR sinα
h1＝R sinα
Xmin＝R-r
Xmax＝R+r
g sinα＝ω2R
Xmin≤Vxt≤Xmax
Therefore when ω satisfies
Under the condition, the materials can enter the material receiving plate
When the materials enter the rotating inner container, on one hand, the materials absorb the radiation in the hot oil guide pipe and the heat conducted out, on the other hand, the materials are contacted with the high-temperature flue gas sprayed from the flue gas guide pipe, and the heat required by carbon activation is obtained from the high-temperature flue gas; in addition, the high-temperature flue gas generated from the combustion furnace contains a large amount of water vapor and carbon dioxide, which are activating agents commonly used for physical activation; therefore, the high-temperature flue gas can be used for simultaneously physically activating the materials, so that the quality of the finished product of the activated carbon is improved;
after the materials are processed into the activated carbon in the rotary inner container, the materials gradually flow to the tail end of the rotary inner container under the action of the screw threads on the inner side wall and then enter a discharge pipeline, a movable baffle is arranged in the discharge pipeline, therefore, the activated carbon which enters later is intercepted by the movable baffle for temporary storage, after the materials stay for a period of time, the movable baffle is lifted, after a certain period of time, enough activated carbon is introduced, the movable baffle is descended again to make the subsequent activated carbon stop entering temporarily, after the movable baffle is completely closed, the dilute hydrochloric acid flow is sprayed out through a cleaning solution spraying port to be dissolved in an integrated furnace and converted into Zn (OH)2Or ZnCl of ZnO solid2Spraying sufficient hydrochloric acid into the powder, standing until the rinsing liquid enters ZnCl through the microporous filter membrane 112The recovery tank 13 can be sprayed with hot water through the cleaning liquid spraying port to wash the activated carbon, so as to further recover the residual ZnCl2；
After the washing liquid and the activated carbon are fully separated, opening a discharge opening at the bottom of the discharge pipeline to enable the activated carbon to leave the discharge pipeline along the pipeline, closing the discharge opening after the step is completed, opening the movable baffle, and entering the next cycle; drying the discharged activated carbon to obtain activated carbon with excellent performance;
the equipment utilizes waste heat on the outer wall of the carbon activation furnace to heat the biomass raw material, and simultaneously secondarily utilizes the cooled smoke to dry the biomass; the shell is internally provided with a plurality of liner layers and a heat preservation layer arranged outside the shell, so that the heat preservation performance of the carbonization furnace is improved, the energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and the energy conservation and environmental protection are realized;
meanwhile, the device does not need mixing and dipping of the biomass raw material and the activating agent solution, and the active carbon is prepared by using a dry mixing method, so that the energy loss caused by introducing water is further avoided while the activator solution is prevented from corroding the wall of the device; the tail part of the device is also provided with an activating agent recovery device, so that the activating agent can be recycled, and the carbon preparation cost is saved while the environmental pollution is avoided.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an integrative stove of dry process continuous preparation active carbon, includes casing (1), be equipped with rotatory outer courage (2) in casing (1), be equipped with rotatory inner bag (3) in rotatory outer courage (2), the top both sides of casing (1) are equipped with spiral feed inlet (11), gas outlet (12) respectively, its characterized in that: the outer side wall of the rotary outer container (2) is fixedly provided with a stirring rod (21), the outer side wall of the rotary inner container (3) is provided with an inclined auger rotary sheet (31), the inner side wall is fixedly provided with a thread (32), and one side close to the spiral feeding hole (11) is provided with a material receiving plate (33); an activator inlet (13) is formed in the outer side wall of one side, close to the air outlet (12), of the shell (1), an induced draft fan (14) is arranged on one side, close to the spiral feed port (11), of the shell (1), and the induced draft fan (14) is communicated with the rotary inner container (3) and the rotary outer container (2) respectively; a heat source conduit (4) is arranged at the center of the rotary inner container (3).
2. The integrated furnace for dry continuous preparation of activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: a combustion furnace (5) is arranged outside the shell (1), two ends of the heat source guide pipe (4) are communicated with the combustion furnace (5), the air outlet (12) is communicated with the combustion furnace (5), and an oil pump (52) is arranged between the combustion furnace (5) and the heat source guide pipe (4).
3. The integrated furnace for dry continuous preparation of activated carbon according to claim 2, characterized in that: the combustion furnace (5) is also provided with a flue gas guide pipe (51), and the combustion furnace (5) is communicated with the rotary inner container (3) through the flue gas guide pipe (51).
4. The integrated furnace for dry continuous preparation of activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the outer surface of the heat source conduit (4) is provided with radiating fins (41).
5. The integrated furnace for dry continuous preparation of activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a material lifting plate (15) is arranged at the bottom of the inner side wall of the shell (1).
6. The integrated furnace for dry continuous preparation of activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a heat-insulating layer (16) is arranged on the shell (1).
7. The integrated furnace for dry continuous preparation of activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: a discharge pipeline (6) and a recovery tank (7) are arranged on one side of the rotary inner container (3) far away from the material receiving plate (33) and are communicated with the recovery tank (7) through the discharge pipeline (6); a microporous filter membrane (61) is further arranged at the joint of the discharge pipeline (6) and the recovery tank (7), and a discharge opening (62) is formed in the bottom of the discharge pipeline (6); and a cleaning liquid spraying opening (63) is arranged above the discharging opening (62).
8. The integrated furnace for dry continuous preparation of activated carbon according to claim 7, characterized in that: and a vacuum pump (71) is arranged on the recovery tank (7).
9. The integrated furnace for dry continuous preparation of activated carbon according to claim 8, characterized in that: go up on ejection of compact pipeline (6) and be close to rotatory inner bag (3) one side and be equipped with adjustable fender (8) and gear (9), be equipped with pinion rack (81) on adjustable fender (8), pinion rack (81) and gear (9) intermeshing carry out up-and-down reciprocating motion.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911111317.1A CN110655078B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Integrative stove of dry process continuous preparation active carbon |
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| CN201911111317.1A CN110655078B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Integrative stove of dry process continuous preparation active carbon |
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| CN110655078B CN110655078B (en) | 2021-03-02 |
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| US10173172B2 (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2019-01-08 | Silica Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh | Device and method for treating a gas laden with pollutants |
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| CN101020576A (en) * | 2006-02-13 | 2007-08-22 | 上海正海活性炭有限公司 | Active carbon making apparatus and process with self-igniting directly heating rotary furnace |
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Inventor after: Ma Peiyong Inventor after: Huang Ruiyi Inventor after: Tang Chaojun Inventor after: Cheng Jun Inventor after: Chen Bin Inventor before: Huang Ruiyi Inventor before: Ma Peiyong Inventor before: Tang Chaojun Inventor before: Cheng Jun Inventor before: Chen Bin |
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