CN110653618A - Stirring tool system for friction stir welding with welding chilling and flash removing - Google Patents
Stirring tool system for friction stir welding with welding chilling and flash removing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110653618A CN110653618A CN201910915491.5A CN201910915491A CN110653618A CN 110653618 A CN110653618 A CN 110653618A CN 201910915491 A CN201910915491 A CN 201910915491A CN 110653618 A CN110653618 A CN 110653618A
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- stirring head
- tool rest
- welding
- flash
- stirring
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
Abstract
A stirring tool system for friction stir welding with welding chilling and flash removal comprises a tool rest, wherein the tool rest is composed of a circular ring connecting end and a hemispherical end, the circular ring connecting end and the hemispherical end are of an integrally formed structure, the tool rest is coaxially sleeved on a working end of a stirring head through the circular ring connecting end, the stirring head and the tool rest are limited to rotate radially through a flat key and are fixed through a first jackscrew, an axial cooling hole is machined in the axial direction of the stirring head, a radial cooling hole communicated with the axial cooling hole is machined in the shaft shoulder of the stirring head in the radial direction, and a stirring pin is installed on the end face of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head; the semi-circular end of the knife rest is evenly provided with an opening along the circumferential direction, the edge of one end face of the opening is provided with a milling cutter, and the other end face of the opening is evenly provided with bristles. The system not only can greatly reduce the size of the flash, but also improves the bearing capacity of the welding seam; the cooling medium in the stirring head enters from the axial cooling hole of the stirring head through gravity and the filled pressure, so that the manufacturing precision is greatly reduced, and the cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding systems for removing flash, and particularly relates to a stirring tool system for friction stir welding with flash removal along with welding chilling.
Technical Field
Friction stir welding is an advanced welding method and is widely applied to the industries of aerospace, electricians, electronics, shipbuilding and the like. During welding, the stirring head rotates to be downwards inserted into the plates to be welded and moves along the welding line. The stirring head and the plate move relatively to generate friction heat to soften the material, meanwhile, the stirring head applies a certain upsetting force to enable the material to flow fully, and redundant material extrudes a welding seam and generates flash. The existence of the flash not only influences the aesthetic degree of the welded joint, so other measures are conventionally adopted to remove the flash after welding. Meanwhile, the appearance of the flash leads the material in the welding seam to be reduced, and the overlarge flash is one of the reasons for generating the volume type defects in the inner hole of the welding seam. Various methods have been proposed by researchers for removing flash during friction stir welding. Meanwhile, the researchers find that the flash size can be reduced, the welding stress can be reduced, the width of a heat affected zone can be reduced and the like by adopting a mode of chilling along with welding, and the tensile strength of the friction stir welding joint can be greatly improved.
The Chinese invention patent CN 101559531A discloses a multifunctional friction stir welding tool with welding and polishing. In the invention, a circle of steel wire is embedded around a stirring head to form a steel brush. In the welding process, the steel brush plays a polishing role. However, the steel brush has a low strength, and when a material having a high strength is welded, burrs cannot be removed effectively.
The Chinese invention patent CN 105108301A discloses a deburring friction stir welding tool. According to the invention, a grinding wheel is arranged at the shaft shoulder of the stirring head, and the grinding wheel polishes the weld joint in the welding process to obtain a good welding joint. However, in this method, the grinding wheel is worn and the grinding wheel needs to be adjusted frequently.
The Chinese invention patent CN 101518850A discloses a friction stir welding tool which is rolled along with welding. In the invention, a plurality of steel balls are embedded around the shaft shoulder of the stirring head, and the steel balls roll the welding surface to remove flash in the welding process. However, the rolling action of the steel balls produces a certain amount of thinning, which reduces the strength of the friction stir weld joint.
The invention of the Chinese invention patent CN 105171226A is a stirring friction connection device capable of reducing flash. In the invention, a sleeve is added around the stirring head, and the sleeve is contacted with the surface of a workpiece during welding to process and remove flash on the surface. The method has a complex structure and needs a plurality of gears for meshing.
The Chinese invention patent CN 103071916A discloses a stirring head for friction stir welding without a shaft shoulder, which can reduce flash. In the invention, the stirring head adopts a shaft shoulder-free design, and the stirring needle is a combination of various curves. Although this method can reduce the generation of burrs to some extent, it cannot completely remove the burrs. Meanwhile, various curves on the stirring pin are complex, and are not beneficial to processing and forming.
The Chinese invention patent CN 108714738A discloses a stirring friction connection-milling integrated processing tool with an adjustable milling angle. In the invention, the milling cutter is added around the stirring head, and in the welding process, the milling cutter performs milling processing on the welding surface to remove flash. The method can effectively remove the flash of the friction stir welding. However, in this method, since the milling cutter is fixed in position with the stirring head, when the stirring head is pressed down by a large amount, the milling amount may be excessively large. This would thin the friction stir weld joint, which would be detrimental to improving the mechanical properties of the joint.
In the method, the flash is only removed in a mechanical mode, so that the thinning amount of the welding is increased, and the mechanical bearing area of the welding joint is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an effective stirring tool system for friction stir welding with welding chilling and flash removal, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a stirring tool system for friction stir welding with welding chilling and flash removal comprises a stirring head and a tool rest, wherein the tool rest consists of a circular ring connecting end and a hemispherical end, the circular ring connecting end and the hemispherical end are of an integrally formed structure, the tool rest is coaxially sleeved on a working end of the stirring head through the circular ring connecting end, the stirring head and the tool rest are limited to rotate radially through a flat key and are fixed through a first jackscrew, an axial cooling hole is machined along the axis direction of the stirring head, a radial cooling hole is machined on a shaft shoulder of the stirring head along the radial direction, one end of the axial cooling hole penetrates through a clamping end of the stirring head, the other end of the axial cooling hole is communicated with the radial cooling hole, and a stirring needle is installed on the end face of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head; the semi-circular end of the tool rest is evenly provided with an opening along the circumferential direction, the edge of one end face of the opening is provided with a milling cutter through a milling cutter mounting screw, and the other end face of the opening is evenly provided with bristles.
A water outlet is arranged on the edge of the knife rest between two adjacent gaps.
The lower end face of the tool rest between every two adjacent notches is an inclined face, an included angle between the lower end face of the tool rest and the horizontal plane is alpha, the included angle is related to a main shaft deflection angle of the friction stir welding machine, and the included angle alpha and the main shaft deflection angle are in a direct proportion relation.
The length of the brush hair is longer than the end surface of the semi-spherical end of the tool rest.
The position of the tool rest relative to the stirring head is adjustable, namely the height of the stirring head relative to the tool rest is adjusted according to different pressing amounts.
And the cooling medium in the stirring head enters from the axial cooling hole end of the stirring head through gravity and filled pressure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. from the angle of the flash, the invention realizes the effective combination of the flash-along-welding chilling and the flash removing system, the flash-along-welding chilling can reduce the size of the flash, and the reduction of the subsequent milling amount of the flash removing system is facilitated; the scraps generated by milling the flash are timely cleaned to the two sides of the welding seam under the action of the bristles, so that the macroscopic morphology of the welding seam area can be observed conveniently, and operators of welding equipment can master the welding state in real time and regulate and control the pressing amount.
2. From the angle of welding chilling, the invention not only can be suitable for cooling media in various states such as gas, liquid and the like, but also has the sealing effect of the rotating bristles, which is beneficial to improving the cooling effect. Meanwhile, for liquid introduction, the milling end with the design idea of the water outlet can generate a liquid film on the welding seam behind the stirring tool system and the area nearby the welding seam, so that the cooling effect is further improved.
3. The bristles can discharge the milled chips out of the milling end in time, so that the chips are prevented from being accumulated to influence the welding effect of the stirring head and the chilling effect of the cooling medium.
4. The milling end of the invention has adjustable position relative to the stirring head, namely the relative height of the milling end can be adjusted according to different pressing amounts so as to ensure the milling effect.
5. When the cooling device is arranged on the main shaft, a cooling medium inlet is not required to be in contact with the stirring head, and the inlet is arranged on the sealing bearing; in the welding process, the cooling medium is filled into the cavity between the stirring head and the main shaft, and the cooling medium is squeezed into the inlet of the stirring head by utilizing the gravity and the filled pressure. The manufacturing precision of the invention can be greatly reduced, and the manufacturing cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of the overall construction of a flash-over-weld friction stir welding system;
FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the overall configuration of a flash-over-weld friction stir welding system with quench;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the overall structure of the flash-following friction stir welding system at a second view angle A;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the tool holder configuration of a flash-with-weld, deflashed friction stir welding system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a tool holder with a water outlet of a friction stir welding system with flash removal following welding chilling;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of a system and spindle for friction stir welding with flash removal followed by welding chilling;
1-stirring head, 2-flat key, 3-bristle, 4-tool rest, 5-axial cooling hole, 6-milling cutter mounting screw, 7-milling cutter, 8-radial cooling hole, 9-stirring pin, 10-shaft shoulder, 11-first jackscrew, 12-water outlet, 13-fastening nut, 14-spindle shaft sleeve, 15-second jackscrew, 16-sealing bearing and 17-spindle water inlet head.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a friction stir welding stirring tool system with welding chilling and flash removal functions comprises a stirring head 1 and a tool rest 4, wherein the tool rest 4 is composed of a circular ring connecting end and a hemispherical end, the circular ring connecting end and the hemispherical end are of an integrally formed structure, the tool rest 4 is coaxially sleeved on a working end of the stirring head 1 through the circular ring connecting end, the stirring head 1 and the tool rest 4 are limited in radial rotation through a flat key 2 and are fixed through a first jackscrew 11, an axial cooling hole 5 is processed along the axial direction of the stirring head 1, a radial cooling hole 8 is processed on a shaft shoulder 10 of the stirring head 1 along the radial direction, one end of the axial cooling hole 5 penetrates through a clamping end of the stirring head 1, the other end of the axial cooling hole is communicated with the radial cooling hole 8, and a stirring needle 9 is mounted on the end face of the shaft shoulder 10 of the stirring head 1; the semi-circular end of knife rest 4 has evenly seted up the opening along circumference, and the opening is L shape, and one of them terminal surface edge of opening installs milling cutter 7 through milling cutter mounting screw 6, and another terminal surface fixed mounting has brush hair 3, and brush hair 3 contacts with the upper surface of waiting to restore the piece, and brush hair 3 adopts steel to make.
A water outlet 12 is formed in the edge of the knife rest 4 between every two adjacent gaps, and when the cooling medium is liquid (such as water), the knife rest 4 with the water outlet 12 is adopted; the liquid flowing out of the water outlet 12 can form a water film on the welded plate, so that the cooling effect can be further improved. The existence of flash can be greatly reduced along with the welding chilling, and the temperature gradient in the welding process is reduced, so that the mechanical property of the welding joint is improved. The reduction of the flash can not only reduce the thinning amount in the welding process, but also reduce the milling amount of the milling end, thereby greatly increasing the bearing area of the welding joint and effectively improving the mechanical performance of the welding joint.
The lower end face of the tool rest 4 between two adjacent notches is an inclined face, and the included angle between the lower end face of the tool rest 4 and the horizontal plane is alpha, which is related to the deflection angle of the main shaft of the friction stir welding machine, and the included angle alpha and the deflection angle of the main shaft are in a direct proportion relation. The presence of this angle may allow the system to better adapt to different spindle inclinations.
The length of the brush bristles 3 is longer than the end face of the hemispherical end of the tool rest 4, so that on one hand, the longer brush bristles 3 can clean the surface of a milled welding line, the macroscopic appearance of the welding line is convenient to observe, and the welding parameters can be adjusted in time; on the other hand, the brush 3 can realize brush seal during rotation, and the chilling capacity of the cooling medium can be kept for a long time.
The position of the tool rest 4 relative to the stirring head 1 is adjustable, namely the height of the stirring head 1 relative to the tool rest 4 is adjusted according to different pressing amounts, so that the milling effect is ensured.
The cooling medium in the stirring head 1 enters from the axial cooling hole 5 of the stirring head 1 through gravity and charging pressure, so that the manufacturing precision of the stirring head can be greatly reduced, and the manufacturing cost is saved.
Example 1
And welding the 2024 aluminum alloy plate.
Firstly determining the type of a cooling medium, wherein the cooling medium is dry ice in the embodiment, selecting a tool rest 4 without a water outlet 12 according to the cooling medium, coaxially sleeving the tool rest 4 on the stirring head 1 through a circular ring connecting end of the tool rest 4, limiting the circumferential position through a flat key 2, and fixing the tool rest 4 and the stirring head 1 through a first jackscrew 11; the whole installed stirring head 1 penetrates into a central hole of a main shaft sleeve 14 through a clamping end, a sealing gasket is installed between the end face of a truncated cone of the stirring head 1 and the lower end face of the main shaft sleeve 14, the stirring head 1 and the main shaft sleeve 14 are relatively fixed through a second jackscrew 15 on the main shaft sleeve 14, a sealing bearing 16 is installed in a hole in the top end of the main shaft sleeve 14, and a main shaft water inlet head 17 is installed on the inner ring of the sealing bearing 16 through a fastening nut 13; during welding, the pressing amount of the stirring head 1 is set to be 0.1mm, and the inclination angle of the main shaft is set to be 0 degree; the distance between the lower end surface of the hemispherical end of the tool rest 4 and the end surface of the shaft shoulder 10 of the stirring head 1 is 0.1mm, and the included angle alpha between the end surface of the hemispherical end of the tool rest 4 and the horizontal plane is 0 degree; when welding starts, dry ice is indirectly introduced into the air inlet 5 to chill along with welding, a welding seam behind the stirring head 1 is observed during welding, when the heat input is low due to insufficient pressing amount of the welding seam, a groove is generated on the surface of the welding seam, and when the surface molding is poor, the pressing amount is increased; and when the thinning of the welding seam is larger, reducing the pressing amount until the welding is finished.
Example 2
And welding the 7075 aluminum alloy plate.
In the embodiment, a horizontal compensation mode is adopted for welding, namely a compensation boss is arranged at a welding seam, and the height of the boss is 0.2 mm; during welding, the pressing amount of the stirring head 1 is 0.2mm away from the upper surface of the boss, non-thinning welding is realized, and the inclination angle of the main shaft is 2.5 degrees; the distance between the lower end surface of the hemispherical end of the tool rest 4 and the end surface of the shaft shoulder 10 of the stirring head 1 is 0.2mm, and the included angle alpha between the end surface of the hemispherical end of the tool rest 4 and the horizontal plane is 2.5 degrees; the rest is the same as in example 1; the welding of the friction stir welding with the welding chilling, no flash and no thinning is realized.
Example 3
The 1060 aluminum alloy was welded.
In the embodiment, during welding, the pressing amount of the stirring head 1 is 0.1mm, the inclination angle of the main shaft is 2.5 degrees, and the included angle alpha between the semispherical end surface of the tool rest 4 and the horizontal plane is 2.5 degrees; in the embodiment, because the 1060 aluminum alloy material is softer, the flash is removed in a blade-free form; the milling cutter mounting screws 6 and the milling inserts 7 are removed. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that the tool holder 4 in example 1 was replaced with a tool holder with a water outlet 12 and the cooling medium dry ice was replaced with 0 ℃ ice water. The rest of the process is the same as that of example 1.
Claims (6)
1. A stirring tool system for friction stir welding with welding chilling and flash removal is characterized by comprising a stirring head and a tool rest, wherein the tool rest consists of a circular ring connecting end and a hemispherical end, the circular ring connecting end and the hemispherical end are of an integrally formed structure, the tool rest is coaxially sleeved on a working end of the stirring head through the circular ring connecting end, the stirring head and the tool rest are limited to rotate radially through a flat key and are fixed through a first jackscrew, an axial cooling hole is processed along the axial direction of the stirring head, a radial cooling hole is processed on a shaft shoulder of the stirring head along the radial direction, one end of the axial cooling hole penetrates through a clamping end of the stirring head, the other end of the axial cooling hole is communicated with the radial cooling hole, and a stirring needle is mounted on the end face of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head; the semi-circular end of the tool rest is evenly provided with an opening along the circumferential direction, the edge of one end face of the opening is provided with a milling cutter through a milling cutter mounting screw, and the other end face of the opening is evenly provided with bristles.
2. The stir tool system for flash with weld quenching friction stir welding according to claim 1, wherein: a water outlet is arranged on the edge of the knife rest between two adjacent gaps.
3. The stir tool system for flash with weld quenching friction stir welding according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end face of the tool rest between every two adjacent notches is an inclined face, an included angle between the lower end face of the tool rest and the horizontal plane is alpha, the included angle is related to a main shaft deflection angle of the friction stir welding machine, and the included angle alpha and the main shaft deflection angle are in a direct proportion relation.
4. The stir tool system for flash with weld quenching friction stir welding according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the brush hair is longer than the end surface of the semi-spherical end of the tool rest.
5. The stir tool system for flash with weld quenching friction stir welding according to claim 1, wherein: the position of the tool rest relative to the stirring head is adjustable, namely the height of the stirring head relative to the tool rest is adjusted according to different pressing amounts.
6. The stir tool system for flash with weld quenching friction stir welding according to claim 1, wherein: and the cooling medium in the stirring head enters from the axial cooling hole end of the stirring head through gravity and filled pressure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910915491.5A CN110653618B (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Stirring tool system for friction stir welding with welding chilling and flash removing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910915491.5A CN110653618B (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Stirring tool system for friction stir welding with welding chilling and flash removing |
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| CN110653618A true CN110653618A (en) | 2020-01-07 |
| CN110653618B CN110653618B (en) | 2021-03-23 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112317950A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-05 | 惠州哈尔滨工业大学国际创新研究院 | Friction stir welding combined machining equipment |
| CN113305413A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-27 | 常州大学怀德学院 | Method for strengthening straight wall additive structure performance through friction extrusion |
| CN113500408A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-15 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Friction stir milling method, friction stir milling tool and application thereof |
| CN114147391A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-08 | 合肥常青机械股份有限公司 | Automobile parts processing welding is with spare part cooling arrangement |
| CN114932385A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-23 | 河北科技大学 | Friction stir welding device and method for removing flash |
| CN115283817A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-04 | 无锡威唐新能源科技有限公司 | FSW welding stirring head and section welding method |
| CN117415361A (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-01-19 | 江苏恒义工业技术有限公司 | Automatic deburring stirring head structure for stirring welding of battery tray |
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| CN204975679U (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2016-01-20 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | Can reduce friction stir connecting device of overlap |
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| CN108714738A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-10-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of agitating friction connection of milling adjustable angle-milling integration machining tool |
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| CN102390017A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-03-28 | 罗键 | Milling-stirring friction welding combined machining device and near net shaping method of hollow molded cavity |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112317950A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-05 | 惠州哈尔滨工业大学国际创新研究院 | Friction stir welding combined machining equipment |
| CN113305413A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-27 | 常州大学怀德学院 | Method for strengthening straight wall additive structure performance through friction extrusion |
| CN113305413B (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-11-08 | 常州大学怀德学院 | Method for strengthening straight wall additive structure performance through friction extrusion |
| CN113500408A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-15 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Friction stir milling method, friction stir milling tool and application thereof |
| CN114147391A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-08 | 合肥常青机械股份有限公司 | Automobile parts processing welding is with spare part cooling arrangement |
| CN114147391B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2023-11-10 | 合肥常青机械股份有限公司 | Spare part cooling arrangement is used in automobile parts processing welding |
| CN114932385A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-23 | 河北科技大学 | Friction stir welding device and method for removing flash |
| CN115283817A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-04 | 无锡威唐新能源科技有限公司 | FSW welding stirring head and section welding method |
| CN115283817B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-09-22 | 无锡威唐新能源科技有限公司 | Stirring head for FSW welding and section welding method |
| CN117415361A (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-01-19 | 江苏恒义工业技术有限公司 | Automatic deburring stirring head structure for stirring welding of battery tray |
| CN117415361B (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-01 | 江苏恒义工业技术有限公司 | Automatic deburring stirring head structure for stirring welding of battery tray |
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| CN110653618B (en) | 2021-03-23 |
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