CN110653475A - Electrode tip coating and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Electrode tip coating and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110653475A
CN110653475A CN201910915666.2A CN201910915666A CN110653475A CN 110653475 A CN110653475 A CN 110653475A CN 201910915666 A CN201910915666 A CN 201910915666A CN 110653475 A CN110653475 A CN 110653475A
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coating
electrode
electrode tip
electrode head
tic
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王怡
许祥平
周宏�
刘建成
王锡玲
邹家生
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/226—Non-corrosive coatings; Primers applied before welding

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses an electrode tip coating and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the electrode tip coating comprises the following substances in percentage by mass: AgCuTi4.535-88 wt%, TiC 10-60 wt% and organic silicon resin binder 2-5 wt%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (a) tightly attaching the coating to the surface of the pretreated electrode tip, and carrying out heat preservation reaction at 300-350 ℃ for 30-40 min; (b) reacting for 20-30 min at the temperature of 450-550 ℃ in a heat preservation manner; (c) carrying out vacuum brazing reaction at 860-930 ℃ for 10-45 min; (d) cooling to 400-500 ℃, preserving heat for 10-30 min, and naturally cooling to room temperature; (e) last deepAnd performing cold treatment for 12-48 h to obtain the coating electrode tip. The application is that the electrode tip coating is applied to the preparation of the electrode tip. The invention can effectively improve the wear resistance and hardness of the surface of the base material, meanwhile, the metal cloth can be cut into various shapes, the capability of adapting to the shape of the electrode tip is strong, and the spatial position between the coating and the base can be well controlled.

Description

Electrode tip coating and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material processing, in particular to an electrode tip coating and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The galvanized steel sheet has good corrosion resistance, so that the galvanized steel sheet is more and more widely applied to the fields of automobiles, household appliances, buildings and the like in recent years. The most important point of the resistance welding machine is that the electrode joint part is welded, when the galvanized steel plate is spot-welded, the contact resistance and the current density are reduced by the zinc coating with low melting point on the surface, and compared with the common spot-welding steel plate (non-coating steel plate), the welding current needs to be increased or the welding time needs to be prolonged, so that the formation of electrode head alloying is promoted. And the electrode frequently contacts with a workpiece at high temperature and high pressure, so that the electrode abrasion is accelerated, and compared with the common steel plate welding (non-coating steel plate), the service life of the spot welding galvanized steel plate electrode is generally shorter. Therefore, there is a strong need for an electrode material that can overcome the performance problems of welding and reduce the manufacturing cost of the electrode.
As early as 70 s in the 20 th century, 0.6-1.0% of cadmium (Cd) was added to copper to form a solid solution, and the electric conductivity and the thermal conductivity were not much lower than those of copper and the high-temperature hardness was higher than that of copper. In addition, 0.5 to 1.0% of chromium (Cr) is added to copper to form an alloy material which can be strengthened by heat treatment. Since chromium copper is a heat-treated alloy, high-temperature hardness, good durability, and low electrical and thermal conductivity are achieved, resulting in an electrode material with high hardness and good electrical conductivity, but it has been found that the electrode life is short when used for welding galvanized steel sheets.
Later pilot-plant research on various alloys shows that the electrode material prepared by adding a small amount of zirconium into the chromium-copper alloy has greatly improved various properties and greatly improved service life compared with the former two electrode materials. The chromium zirconium copper electrode achieves four properties of a welding electrode, so that indexes are well balanced. However, the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy electrode has two main disadvantages in the resistance welding of galvanized steel sheets: firstly, the electrode can be seriously bonded with the steel plate, so that the production efficiency is greatly reduced; and the service life of the resistance welding electrode (comprising an electrode tip, an electrode cap, an electrode plate and an electrode wheel) is obviously shortened compared with that of the welding of the non-coating steel plate. When the non-coating steel plate is welded, the service life of the resistance welding electrode (such as a Cu-Cr-Zr alloy electrode) can reach more than 10000 welding points generally, and when the galvanized steel plate is welded, the service life of the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy electrode is only hundreds of welding points. When the electrode which is not subjected to cryogenic treatment is used for spot welding of the galvanized steel sheet, the phenomenon of electrode adhesion is serious and splashes, and the surface color of a welding spot is brass, while when the electrode is subjected to cryogenic treatment is used for spot welding of the galvanized steel sheet, the splashing phenomenon in the welding process is small, and the brass color on the surface of the welding spot is extremely light, which indicates that the copper-zinc alloying tendency is small.
Therefore, the development and production of high-service-life and high-wear-resistance electrodes specially used for the resistance welding of galvanized steel sheets has become a problem to be solved urgently, and the problems of low production efficiency, high manufacturing cost, large copper material consumption and large energy consumption in the field of automobiles are also to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electrode tip coating for improving the surface hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and the invention also aims to provide a simple, convenient, safe and environment-friendly preparation method of the electrode tip coating.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an electrode tip coating, which comprises the following substances in percentage by mass: AgCuTi4.535-88 wt%, TiC 10-60 wt% and organic silicon resin binder 2-5 wt%. The wear resistance and hardness of the surface of the electrode tip can be effectively improved, and the bonding strength of the coating and the electrode tip is enhanced. The addition of TiC powder improves the surface hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the product; the AgCuTi4.5 powder is added as brazing filler metal, so that the fluidity, the thickness, the structure and the like of the coating are improvedAnd (4) synthesizing the performance.
The TiC comprises TiC with the particle size of 40-60 nm and TiC with the particle size of 600-800 nm, the mass ratio of the TiC to the TiC is 0.4-0.6: 1, TiC powder with two different meshes is adopted, and then smaller TiC particles can be filled into gaps between larger TiC particles and larger TiC particles, so that the compactness of the coating is guaranteed. The organic silicon resin binder comprises the following substances in percentage by mass: 40-50 wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 12-15 wt% of methyltriethoxysilane, 3-5 wt% of maleic anhydride, 5-10 wt% of polyaldehyde resin, 4-6 wt% of talcum powder, 6-8 wt% of acrylate rubber, 4-6 wt% of polycarbonate and the balance of hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane.
The preparation method of the electrode tip coating comprises the following steps: and mixing AgCuTi4.5 powder and TiC powder according to the mass ratio, adding an organic silicon resin binder, uniformly mixing, adjusting the gap between a rolling rod and a workbench for multiple times, and repeatedly rolling to obtain the silver-based coating. The gap between the rolling rod and the workbench is initially 3-5 mm, and then is adjusted to be 2-3.0 mm and 0.5-2.0 mm in sequence, and the rolling time of each gap is 15-30 min. When the roller of the rolling mill rolls, the positive pressure of the particles extrudes the binder, the binder is extruded for multiple times to gradually form fibers to form a criss-cross three-dimensional cobweb structure, and AgCuTi4.5 powder and TiC powder are inlaid or wrapped in the binder, so that the dispersed powder materials are connected into a whole to form the coating metal cloth.
The electrode tip coating is applied to preparing the electrode tip and comprises the following steps:
a. tightly attaching the coating to the surface of the pretreated electrode tip, and carrying out heat preservation reaction at 300-350 ℃ for 30-40 min to decompose and volatilize the organic silicon resin binder, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of grinding the surface of the electrode tip by using abrasive paper, cleaning by using alcohol, putting into an ultrasonic cleaner, adding acetone for cleaning, wiping by using a cleaning cloth, and drying at normal temperature;
b. reacting for 20-30 min at the temperature of 450-550 ℃ in a heat preservation manner, so that a certain vacuum degree is kept in the vacuum brazing furnace;
c. carrying out vacuum brazing reaction at 830-930 ℃ for 10-45 min, melting the brazing filler metal into liquid, wetting and spreading the liquid brazing filler metal on the surface of the alloy electrode, and interacting with the base metal;
d. and cooling to 400-500 ℃, preserving the heat for 10-30 min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the coating electrode tip.
e. The electrode tip is subjected to cryogenic treatment, the service life of the electrode tip can be effectively prolonged, specifically, the electrode is immersed in liquid nitrogen, the time of the cryogenic treatment is 12-48 hours, a sample is taken out after the heat preservation time is over, and the sample is placed in air and is slowly cooled to the room temperature.
Wherein the heating rate in the steps a-c is 8-10 ℃/min. The cooling rate in the step d is 3-5 ℃/min.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable characteristics:
1. the electrode tip coating is made of flexible fibrous technical materials, AgCuTi4.5 powder and TiC powder are compounded, the components are uniform and compact, and metal fibers in the coating form a criss-cross three-dimensional cobweb-type structure;
2. the metal cloth can be cut into various shapes, the capability of adapting to the shapes of the electrode tips is strong, and the spatial position between a coating and a base body can be well controlled;
3. the preparation method of the coating is simple, safe and environment-friendly;
4. the welded electrode tip can effectively prolong the service life after being subjected to subzero treatment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electrode head of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the electrode head 1 has an electrode head coating 2 at its upper end.
Example 1
The electrode head coating 2 comprises the following raw materials: 35 wt% of AgCuTi4.5 powder, 60 wt% of TiC powder and 5 wt% of organic silicon resin binder. The organic silicon resin binder comprises the following raw materials: 40% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 15% of methyltriethoxysilane, 3% of maleic anhydride, 10% of polyaldehyde resin, 4% of talcum powder, 8% of acrylate rubber, 4% of polycarbonate and 16% of hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane. The preparation method of the coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing AgCuTi4.5 powder and TiC powder according to the mass percentage, and mixing the powder;
(2) putting the mixture into an automatic stirring equipment vessel, adding an organic silicon resin binder, then sealing the vessel, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(3) rolling the mixed metal powder particles prepared in the step (2) in automatic roller equipment, firstly preliminarily adjusting the distance between a roller and a workbench, controlling the thickness of the bonding cloth to be about 3.5mm, and carrying out preliminary roller molding for 30 min;
(4) rolling the bonding cloth again, adjusting the distance between the roller and the workbench again, controlling the height to be 2.4mm, repeatedly rolling for 3 times for 30min to extrude the bonding agent on the surfaces of the metal particles and among the metal particles, wherein the bonding agent forms a fiber shape under the extrusion action;
(5) the distance between the roller and the workbench is adjusted to the thickness range (the thickness is 0.8mm) of the required metal cloth, the roller is repeatedly rolled for 30min for 6 times on the front surface and the back surface of the metal cloth, metal fibers form a criss-cross three-dimensional cobweb structure, metal particles are embedded or wrapped in the adhesive, so that the dispersed alloy metal powder forms a mutually-connected whole, the metal particles in each fibrous interval are uniformly distributed, and the roller forms flexible coating cloth.
The brazing process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) a preparation stage: the brazing equipment adopts a WZB-20 vacuum brazing furnace, before welding, the surface of the electrode tip 1 is ground by abrasive paper, the electrode tip is cleaned by alcohol and then put into an ultrasonic cleaner, acetone is added, the cleaning is carried out for 15min, and then the electrode tip is wiped clean by cleaning cloth and dried at normal temperature; cutting the metal cloth adapting to the shape of the electrode head 1, and clinging the metal cloth to the surface of the electrode head 1 by using brazing glue;
(2) brazing connection: the whole assembled sample is placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and the furnace is arranged before weldingDegree of vacuum of 1.0X 10-4In Pa vacuum brazing equipment, firstly heating to 350 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 450 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, then heating to the brazing temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then cooling to 450 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, finally cooling to room temperature along with a furnace, and taking out a welded sample.
The subzero treatment process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
immersing the CuCrZr electrode into liquid nitrogen by adopting an immersion method, carrying out cryogenic treatment for 12h, taking out the sample after the heat preservation time is finished, and slowly cooling the sample to room temperature in air.
And (3) performance detection: the observation shows that the surface coating 2 of the electrode head 1 is well formed and forms compact interface combination, and the multipoint test on the surface of the coating 2 material shows that the hardness is 695HRC and the service life of the electrode head 1 is 2200.
Example 2
The electrode head coating 2 comprises the following raw materials: 88% of AgCuTi4.5 powder, 10% of TiC powder and 2% of organic silicon resin binder. The organic silicon resin binder comprises the following raw materials: 50% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 12% of methyltriethoxysilane, 5% of maleic anhydride, 5% of polyaldehyde resin, 6% of talcum powder, 6% of acrylate rubber, 6% of polycarbonate and 10% of hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane.
The preparation method of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing AgCuTi4.5 powder and TiC powder according to the mass percentage, and mixing the powder; (2) putting the mixture into an automatic stirring equipment vessel, adding an organic silicon resin binder, then sealing the vessel, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(3) rolling the mixed metal powder particles prepared in the step (2) in automatic roller equipment, firstly preliminarily adjusting the distance between a roller and a workbench, controlling the thickness of the bonding cloth to be about 4.5mm, and carrying out preliminary roller forming for 20 min;
(4) rolling the bonding cloth again, adjusting the distance between the roller and the workbench again, controlling the height to be 2.8mm, applying positive pressure to the bonding cloth, repeatedly rolling for 2 times for 20min to extrude the adhesive on the surfaces of the metal particles and among the metal particles, and forming the adhesive into fibers under the extrusion action;
(5) the distance between the roller and the workbench is adjusted to the thickness range (the thickness is 1.5mm) of the required metal cloth, the roller is repeatedly rolled for 5 times for 20min on the front surface and the back surface of the metal cloth, metal fibers form a criss-cross three-dimensional cobweb structure, metal particles are embedded or wrapped in the adhesive, so that the dispersed alloy metal powder forms a mutually-connected whole, the metal particles in each fibrous interval are uniformly distributed, and the roller forms the flexible metal cloth.
The brazing process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) a preparation stage: the brazing equipment adopts a WZB-20 vacuum brazing furnace, before welding, the surface of the electrode tip 1 is ground by abrasive paper, the electrode tip is cleaned by alcohol and then put into an ultrasonic cleaner, acetone is added, the cleaning is carried out for 15min, and then the electrode tip is wiped clean by cleaning cloth and dried at normal temperature; cutting the metal cloth adapting to the shape of the electrode head 1, and clinging the metal cloth to the surface of the electrode head 1 by using brazing glue;
(2) brazing connection: the assembled sample is integrally placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and the vacuum degree of the furnace is set to be 1.0 multiplied by 10 before welding-4Pa. Firstly heating to 350 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, then heating to the brazing temperature of 930 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, finally cooling to room temperature along with a furnace, and taking out a welded sample.
The subzero treatment process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
and immersing the CuCrZr electrode into liquid nitrogen by adopting an immersion method, wherein the time of cryogenic treatment is 48h, taking out the sample after the heat preservation time is finished, and slowly cooling the sample to room temperature in air.
And (3) performance detection: as can be seen from the observation, the surface coating 2 of the electrode tip 1 is well formed, a dense interface is formed, and the surface of the coating 2 material is tested at multiple points, so that the hardness is 621HRC, and the service life of the electrode tip 1 is 2700 points.
Example 3
The electrode head coating 2 comprises the following raw materials: 52% of AgCuTi4.5 powder, 45% of TiC powder and 3% of organic silicon resin binder. The organic silicon resin binder comprises the following raw materials: 45% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 14% of methyltriethoxysilane, 4% of maleic anhydride, 7% of polyaldehyde resin, 5% of talcum powder, 7% of acrylate rubber, 5% of polycarbonate and 13% of hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane.
The preparation method of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing AgCuTi4.5 powder and TiC powder according to the mass percentage, and mixing the powder;
(2) putting the mixture into an automatic stirring equipment vessel, adding an organic silicon resin binder, then sealing the vessel, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) putting the mixture into an automatic stirring equipment vessel, adding an organic silicon resin binder, then sealing the vessel, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(3) rolling the mixed metal powder particles prepared in the step (2) in automatic roller equipment, firstly preliminarily adjusting the distance between a roller and a workbench, controlling the thickness of the bonding cloth to be about 4.0mm, and carrying out preliminary roller forming for 15 min;
(4) rolling the bonding cloth again, adjusting the distance between the roller and the workbench again, controlling the height to be 2.2mm, applying positive pressure to the bonding cloth, repeatedly rolling for 3 times for 15min to extrude the bonding agent on the surfaces of the metal particles and among the metal particles, and forming fibers by the bonding agent under the extrusion action;
(5) the distance between the roller and the workbench is adjusted to the thickness range (the thickness is 1.6mm) of the required metal cloth, the roller is repeatedly rolled for 5 times for 15min on the front surface and the back surface of the metal cloth, metal fibers form a criss-cross three-dimensional cobweb structure, metal particles are embedded or wrapped in the adhesive, so that the dispersed alloy metal powder forms a mutually-connected whole, the metal particles in each fibrous interval are uniformly distributed, and the roller forms the flexible metal cloth.
The brazing process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) a preparation stage: the brazing equipment adopts a WZB-20 vacuum brazing furnace, before welding, the surface of the electrode tip l is ground by abrasive paper, the electrode tip l is cleaned by alcohol and then put into an ultrasonic cleaner, acetone is added, the electrode tip l is cleaned for 15min, and then the electrode tip l is wiped clean by cleaning cloth and dried at normal temperature; cutting the metal cloth adapting to the shape of the electrode head 1, and clinging the metal cloth to the surface of the electrode head 1 by using brazing glue;
(2) brazing connection: the assembled sample is integrally placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and the vacuum degree of the furnace is set to be 1.0 multiplied by 10 before welding-4Pa. Firstly heating to 350 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 450 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, then heating to a brazing temperature of 880 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then cooling to 450 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, finally cooling to room temperature along with a furnace, and taking out a welded sample.
The subzero treatment process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
soaking the CuCrZr electrode in liquid nitrogen by adopting a soaking method, carrying out cryogenic treatment for 30h, taking out the sample after the heat preservation time is finished, and slowly cooling the sample to room temperature in air.
And (3) performance detection: as can be seen from observation, the surface coating 2 of the electrode tip 1 is well formed, a dense interface is formed, and the surface of the coating 2 material is tested at multiple points, so that the hardness is 701HRC, and the service life of the electrode tip 1 is 3300 points.
Example 4
The electrode head coating 2 comprises the following raw materials: 66 wt% of AgCuTi4.5 powder, 30 wt% of powder and 4 wt% of silicone resin binder. The organic silicon resin binder comprises the following raw materials: 42 wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 13 wt% of methyltriethoxysilane, 3 wt% of maleic anhydride, 6 wt% of polyaldehyde resin, 5 wt% of talcum powder, 7 wt% of acrylate rubber, 5 wt% of polycarbonate and 19 wt% of hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane.
The preparation method of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing AgCuTi4.5 powder and TiC powder according to the mass percentage, and mixing the powder;
(2) putting the mixture into an automatic stirring equipment vessel, adding an organic silicon resin binder, then sealing the vessel, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(3) rolling the mixed metal powder particles prepared in the step (2) in automatic roller equipment, firstly preliminarily adjusting the distance between a roller and a workbench, controlling the thickness of the bonding cloth to be about 3.0mm, and carrying out preliminary roller 15min forming;
(4) rolling the bonding cloth again, adjusting the distance between the roller and the workbench again, controlling the height to be 2.0mm, repeatedly rolling for 2 times for 15min to extrude the bonding agent on the surfaces of the metal particles and among the metal particles, wherein the bonding agent forms a fiber shape under the extrusion action;
(5) the distance between the roller and the workbench is adjusted to the thickness range (the thickness is 0.5mm) of the required metal cloth, the roller is repeatedly rolled for 5 times for 15min on the front surface and the back surface of the metal cloth, metal fibers form a criss-cross three-dimensional cobweb structure, metal particles are embedded or wrapped in the adhesive, so that the dispersed alloy metal powder forms a mutually-connected whole, the metal particles in each fibrous interval are uniformly distributed, and the roller forms flexible coating cloth.
The brazing process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) a preparation stage: the brazing equipment adopts a WZB-20 vacuum brazing furnace, before welding, the surface of the electrode tip 1 is ground by abrasive paper, the electrode tip is cleaned by alcohol and then put into an ultrasonic cleaner, acetone is added, the cleaning is carried out for 15min, and then the electrode tip is wiped clean by cleaning cloth and dried at normal temperature; cutting the metal cloth adapting to the shape of the electrode head 1, and clinging the metal cloth to the surface of the electrode head 1 by using brazing glue;
(2) brazing connection: the assembled sample is integrally placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and the vacuum degree of the furnace is set to be 1.0 multiplied by 10 before welding-4In Pa vacuum brazing equipment, firstly heating to 300 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 450 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, then heating to 860 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then cooling to 400 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, finally cooling to room temperature along with a furnace, and taking out a welded sample.
The subzero treatment process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
immersing the CuCrZr electrode into liquid nitrogen by adopting an immersion method, carrying out cryogenic treatment for 12h, taking out the sample after the heat preservation time is finished, and slowly cooling the sample to room temperature in air.
And (3) performance detection: the observation shows that the surface coating 2 of the electrode tip is well formed and forms dense interface bonding, and the surface of the material of the coating 2 is tested at multiple points, wherein the hardness is 675HRC and the service life of the electrode tip 1 is 2600 points.
Example 5
The electrode head coating 2 comprises the following raw materials: 57 wt% AgCuTi4.5 powder, 40 wt% powder and 3 wt% silicone resin binder. The organic silicon resin binder comprises the following raw materials: 50 wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 12 wt% of methyltriethoxysilane, 5 wt% of maleic anhydride, 10 wt% of polyaldehyde resin, 6 wt% of talcum powder, 8 wt% of acrylate rubber, 6 wt% of polycarbonate and 3 wt% of hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane.
The preparation method of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing AgCuTi4.5 powder and TiC powder according to the mass percentage, and mixing the powder;
(2) putting the mixture into an automatic stirring equipment vessel, adding an organic silicon resin binder, then sealing the vessel, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(3) rolling the mixed metal powder particles prepared in the step (2) in automatic roller equipment, firstly preliminarily adjusting the distance between a roller and a workbench, controlling the thickness of the bonding cloth to be about 5.0mm, and carrying out preliminary roller molding for 30 min;
(4) rolling the bonding cloth again, adjusting the distance between the roller and the workbench again, controlling the height to be 3.0mm, repeatedly rolling for 3 times for 30min to extrude the bonding agent on the surfaces of the metal particles and among the metal particles, wherein the bonding agent forms a fiber shape under the extrusion action;
(5) the distance between the roller and the workbench is adjusted to the thickness range (the thickness is 2.0mm) of the required metal cloth, the roller is repeatedly rolled for 30min for 6 times on the front surface and the back surface of the metal cloth, metal fibers form a criss-cross three-dimensional cobweb structure, metal particles are embedded or wrapped in the adhesive, so that the dispersed alloy metal powder forms a mutually-connected whole, the metal particles in each fibrous interval are uniformly distributed, and the roller forms flexible coating cloth.
The brazing process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) a preparation stage: the brazing equipment adopts a WZB-20 vacuum brazing furnace, before welding, the surface of the electrode tip 1 is ground by abrasive paper, the electrode tip is cleaned by alcohol and then put into an ultrasonic cleaner, acetone is added, the cleaning is carried out for 15min, and then the electrode tip is wiped clean by cleaning cloth and dried at normal temperature; cutting the metal cloth adapting to the shape of the electrode head 1, and clinging the metal cloth to the surface of the electrode head 1 by using brazing glue;
(2) brazing connection: the assembled sample is integrally placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and the vacuum degree of the furnace is set to be 1.0 multiplied by 10 before welding-4In Pa vacuum brazing equipment, firstly heating to 350 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 40min, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, then heating to 930 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 45min, then cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, finally cooling to room temperature along with a furnace, and taking out a welded sample.
The subzero treatment process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
and immersing the CuCrZr electrode into liquid nitrogen by adopting an immersion method, wherein the time of cryogenic treatment is 48h, taking out the sample after the heat preservation time is finished, and slowly cooling the sample to room temperature in air.
And (3) performance detection: the observation shows that the surface coating 2 of the electrode tip 1 is well formed and forms compact interface bonding, and the multi-point test on the surface of the coating 2 material shows that the hardness is 699HRC and the service life of the electrode tip 1 is 2800 points.
Example 6
The electrode head coating 2 comprises the following raw materials: 46 wt% of AgCuTi4.5 powder, 50 wt% of powder and 4 wt% of silicone resin binder. The organic silicon resin binder comprises the following raw materials: 43 wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 15 wt% of methyltriethoxysilane, 3 wt% of maleic anhydride, 8 wt% of polyaldehyde resin, 4 wt% of talcum powder, 8 wt% of acrylate rubber, 4 wt% of polycarbonate and 15 wt% of hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane.
The preparation method of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing AgCuTi4.5 powder and TiC powder according to the mass percentage, and mixing the powder;
(2) putting the mixture into an automatic stirring equipment vessel, adding an organic silicon resin binder, then sealing the vessel, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(3) rolling the mixed metal powder particles prepared in the step (2) in automatic roller equipment, firstly preliminarily adjusting the distance between a roller and a workbench, controlling the thickness of the bonding cloth to be about 4.0mm, and carrying out preliminary roller forming for 19 min;
(4) rolling the bonding cloth again, adjusting the distance between the roller and the workbench again, controlling the height to be 2.8mm, repeatedly rolling for 3 times for 20min to extrude the bonding agent on the surfaces of the metal particles and among the metal particles, wherein the bonding agent forms a fiber shape under the extrusion action;
(5) the distance between the roller and the workbench is adjusted to the thickness range (the thickness is 1.5mm) of the required metal cloth, the roller is repeatedly rolled for 5 times for 25min on the front surface and the back surface of the metal cloth, the metal fibers form a criss-cross three-dimensional cobweb structure, the metal particles are embedded or wrapped in the adhesive, so that the dispersed alloy metal powder forms a mutually-connected whole, the metal particles in each fibrous interval are uniformly distributed, and the roller forms the flexible coating cloth.
The brazing process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) a preparation stage: the brazing equipment adopts a WZB-20 vacuum brazing furnace, before welding, the surface of the electrode tip 1 is ground by abrasive paper, the electrode tip is cleaned by alcohol and then put into an ultrasonic cleaner, acetone is added, the cleaning is carried out for 15min, and then the electrode tip is wiped clean by cleaning cloth and dried at normal temperature; cutting the metal cloth adapting to the shape of the electrode head 1, and clinging the metal cloth to the surface of the electrode head 1 by using brazing glue;
(2) brazing connection: the assembled sample is integrally placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and the vacuum degree of the furnace is set to be 1.0 multiplied by 10 before welding-4In Pa vacuum brazing equipment, firstly heating to 325 ℃ at the speed of 9 ℃/min, preserving heat for 35min, heating to 500 ℃ at the speed of 9 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, then heating to 900 ℃ at the speed of 9 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, then cooling to 450 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, finally cooling to room temperature along with a furnace, and taking out a welded sample.
The subzero treatment process of the electrode tip coating 2 comprises the following steps:
soaking the CuCrZr electrode in liquid nitrogen by adopting a soaking method, carrying out cryogenic treatment for 30h, taking out the sample after the heat preservation time is finished, and slowly cooling the sample to room temperature in air.
And (3) performance detection: the observation shows that the surface coating 2 of the electrode tip 1 is well formed and forms compact interface bonding, and the multipoint test on the surface of the coating 2 material shows that the hardness is 683HRC and the service life of the electrode tip 1 is 2500 points.
Comparative example 1
In example 1, the CuCrZr electrode was not subjected to the final cryogenic treatment, and the other treatments were the same, and the measured hardness was 599HRC and the life of the electrode tip 1 was 1100 points.

Claims (10)

1. An electrode head coating, characterized in that it comprises the following substances in mass percent: AgCuTi4.535-88 wt%, TiC 10-60 wt% and organic silicon resin binder 2-5 wt%.
2. A electrode head coating according to claim 1, wherein: the TiC comprises TiC with the particle size of 40-60 nm and TiC with the particle size of 600-800 nm, and the mass ratio of the TiC to the TiC is 0.4-0.6: 1.
3. An electrode head coating according to claim 1, wherein the silicone resin binder comprises the following mass percentages: 40-50 wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 12-15 wt% of methyltriethoxysilane, 3-5 wt% of maleic anhydride, 5-10 wt% of polyaldehyde resin, 4-6 wt% of talcum powder, 6-8 wt% of acrylate rubber, 4-6 wt% of polycarbonate and the balance of hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane.
4. A preparation method of an electrode tip coating is characterized in that: and mixing AgCuTi4.5 powder and TiC powder according to the mass ratio, adding an organic silicon resin binder, uniformly mixing, adjusting the gap between a rolling rod and a workbench for multiple times, and repeatedly rolling to obtain the silver-based coating.
5. A method of preparing a coating for an electrode head as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the gap between the rolling rod and the workbench is initially 3-5 mm, then is sequentially adjusted to be 2-3.0 mm and 0.5-2.0 mm, and the rolling time of each gap is 15-30 min.
6. An electrode tip coating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, applied to the preparation of an electrode tip, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(a) tightly attaching the coating to the surface of the pretreated electrode tip, and carrying out heat preservation reaction at 300-350 ℃ for 30-40 min;
(b) reacting for 20-30 min at the temperature of 450-550 ℃ in a heat preservation manner;
(c) carrying out vacuum brazing reaction at 830-930 ℃ for 10-45 min;
(d) and cooling to 400-500 ℃, preserving the heat for 10-30 min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the coating electrode tip.
7. An electrode head coating according to claim 6 applied to prepare an electrode head, characterized in that: and further comprising the step of performing subzero treatment on the electrode tip, immersing the electrode into liquid nitrogen, wherein the subzero treatment time is 12-48 h, taking out the sample after the heat preservation time is finished, and slowly cooling the sample to room temperature in air.
8. An electrode head coating according to claim 6 applied to prepare an electrode head, characterized in that: and (b) in the step (a), the surface of the electrode head is ground by abrasive paper, the electrode head is cleaned by alcohol and then placed into an ultrasonic cleaner, acetone is added for cleaning, and then the electrode head is wiped clean by a cleaning cloth and dried at normal temperature.
9. An electrode head coating according to claim 6 applied to prepare an electrode head, characterized in that: the heating rate in the steps (a) - (c) is 8-10 ℃/min.
10. An electrode head coating according to claim 6 applied to prepare an electrode head, characterized in that: the cooling rate in the step (d) is 3-5 ℃/min.
CN201910915666.2A 2019-09-25 2019-09-25 Electrode tip coating and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN110653475A (en)

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