CN110453219B - Method for enhancing surface performance of agricultural machinery transmission component - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for enhancing the surface performance of agricultural machinery transmission components comprises the following steps of firstly, cleaning the surface of the agricultural machinery transmission components; secondly, taking the agricultural machinery transmission component as a cathode, respectively taking the nickel-based high-entropy alloy composite sheet containing the nano diamond particles, the shape memory alloy sheet and the hard alloy sheet as anodes, and sequentially depositing the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano diamond particles, the shape memory alloy sheet and the hard alloy sheet on the surface of the treated agricultural machinery transmission component by utilizing an electric spark deposition device to form an electric spark deposition layer which is bonded with atoms of the agricultural machinery transmission component; and finally, putting the agricultural machinery transmission component containing the three alloy sheet sedimentary layers into a heat treatment furnace in an inert gas atmosphere for heating. The invention adds three alloys of nickel-based high-entropy alloy, shape memory alloy and hard alloy containing nano diamond particles on the surface of the agricultural machinery transmission component layer by layer in an electric spark electrodeposition mode to modify the surface of the agricultural machinery transmission component, and has the performances of wear resistance, high temperature resistance and toughening.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machine surface modification, and particularly relates to a method for enhancing the surface performance of an agricultural machine transmission component.
Background
The agricultural machine transmission component is generally used as a key wear-resistant part in agricultural machinery, and the material performance of the agricultural machine transmission component has important influence on the working life of the agricultural machine transmission component, the working efficiency of the agricultural machine transmission component and the farming effect of the agricultural machine transmission component; in order to improve the hardness and the wear resistance of the surface part of the agricultural machinery transmission component and simultaneously keep the core part with enough strength and toughness so as to effectively prolong the service life of the agricultural machinery transmission component, the surface high-temperature heating treatment is usually carried out on the agricultural machinery soil-contacting component, and in the prior art, the main technical scheme of the surface high-temperature heating treatment comprises the following steps: firstly, the agricultural transmission component is integrally quenched, then the surface of the agricultural transmission component is tempered at low temperature to obtain tempered martensite, but the tempered martensite has lower hardness and poorer wear resistance, can not completely meet the requirement of the surface wear resistance of the agricultural soil-contacting component in the actual agricultural production operation, and the common technical scheme in the industry for improving the hardness and the wear resistance of the surface of the component is as follows: and preparing a reinforced coating on the surface of the part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a method for enhancing the surface performance of an agricultural machinery transmission component by innovatively and comprehensively utilizing the advantages of high-entropy alloy, shape memory alloy and hard alloy.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for enhancing the surface performance of an agricultural machinery transmission component comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, grinding, polishing and cleaning treatment with alcohol are carried out on the surface of a transmission component of the agricultural machine for later use;
secondly, taking the agricultural machinery transmission component as a cathode, respectively taking the nickel-based high-entropy alloy composite sheet containing the nano diamond particles, the shape memory alloy sheet and the hard alloy sheet as anodes, and sequentially depositing the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano diamond particles, the shape memory alloy sheet and the hard alloy sheet on the surface of the treated agricultural machinery transmission component by utilizing an electric spark deposition device to form an electric spark deposition layer which is bonded with atoms of the agricultural machinery transmission component;
and step three, putting the agricultural machinery transmission component containing the three alloy sheet deposition layers in the step two into a heat treatment furnace in a protective gas atmosphere for heating, and finishing the modification of the surface of the agricultural machinery transmission component.
Further optimizing, the preparation method of the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet, the shape memory alloy sheet and the hard alloy sheet containing the nano diamond particles in the second step comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of grinding nickel-based high-entropy alloy powder, shape memory alloy powder and hard alloy powder containing nano diamond particles to fine powder with diameters of 13-15 mu m, 17-22 mu m and 90-96 nm respectively by using a high-energy nano ball mill, fully stirring the fine powder by using an organic binder to form uniform pasty paste, pressing the pasty paste into a composite sheet with the thickness of 1-3 mm by using a press, and cutting the composite sheet into a required shape.
Further optimization, the grinding method comprises the following steps: firstly, respectively placing mechanically crushed high-entropy alloy powder, hard alloy powder and shape memory alloy powder with the powder granularity of 20 mu m into a ball milling tank, vacuumizing, filling 3.5MPa of protective gas for ball milling, wherein the ball milling rotation speed is 1300-1450 r/min, the ball milling time is 60-67 h, and the ball material weight ratio is 21.5: 1.
Preferably, the organic binder is prepared by mixing polyacrylate, polybutene, glycol, ethanol and acetone according to the weight ratio of 3-5:1-3:4-6:1-2: 3-5.
And further optimizing, wherein the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano-diamond particles in the second step is one or two of Ni9Co31Cr30B15Fe7Si6.5Nd1.5, NiAlCoCrFeTiMn and NiTaNbHfZrV.
Further optimizing, the shape memory alloy sheet in the second step is manganese-based alloy and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 13-17% of Al, 2-11% of Cr, 3-9% of Ni, 43-49% of Fe, 5-8% of Si, 1-1.5% of Zr, 0.8-1.2% of V, 0.5-1.3% of Nbs, and the balance of Mn.
Further optimizing, the hard alloy sheet in the second step is Cr3C2And the mixture of + WC + Co and one or two of ZrC, TiC, NbC and TaC.
Further optimizing, the condition of the electric spark deposition in the second step is as follows: the power is 1500-1900W, the frequency is 1300-1800 Hz, the voltage is 80-140V, and the deposition rate is 1.2-1.5 min/cm2Protective gasThe flow rate of (A) is 7 to 10L/min.
Further optimizing, the preparation method of the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano-diamond particles in the second step comprises the following steps: taking cobalt-chromium or tantalum-niobium alloy as a cathode and a pure nickel plate as an anode, suspending 45-65 g/L of nano-diamond particles in an electrolyte taking nickel sulfate as a main salt in a high-pressure carbon dioxide fluid environment, and applying a certain current density to carry out electrodeposition, thereby obtaining the nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing the nano-diamond particles.
Further optimizing, the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace in the third step is set to be higher than the melting temperature of the nickel-based high-entropy alloy by more than 60 ℃, the heating time is 8-10 h, and the specific temperature curve is as follows: 280 ℃/1h + 490 ℃/2h + 650 ℃/30min + (1450-1650) ° c/(4.5-6.5) h, and cooling at room temperature after taking out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the invention optimally combines three alloys of nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing nano-diamond particles, shape memory alloy and hard alloy in an electric spark deposition mode, coats the surface of an agricultural machine transmission component layer by virtue of an organic binder which is automatically configured to modify the surface of the agricultural machine transmission component, comprehensively utilizes the unique advantages of high wear resistance, superplasticity of the shape memory alloy, high hardness of the hard alloy and the like of the high-entropy alloy, and synergistically strengthens the performance of the agricultural machine transmission component, mainly the nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing the nano-diamond particles has higher hardness due to the addition of the diamond particles, improves the wear resistance of the agricultural machine transmission component, further improves the hardness due to the addition of the hard alloy, contributes to improving the toughness of a coating, prevents the coating from brittle fracture and falling off caused by the excessive hardness of the two alloys, and improves the bonding strength of a surface deposition layer and a substrate by electric spark deposition, the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, hot hardness and high-temperature oxidation resistance of the surface of the agricultural machine transmission member can be effectively enhanced, the surface roughness can be increased, and the fatigue life of the agricultural machine transmission member can be prolonged;
aiming at the problem that high-hardness nano particles are difficult to add in the high-entropy alloy, the invention innovatively adopts the characteristics of high diffusion and low viscosity of a high-pressure carbon dioxide fluid electrodeposition technology, successfully adds the nano diamond particles into the high-entropy alloy to prepare the high-entropy alloy-nickel-diamond composite material, further improves the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the high-entropy alloy, namely the nickel-based high-entropy alloy for successfully preparing the nano diamond particles, not only provides a high-performance high-quality matrix coating for improving the performance of the agricultural machine transmission component, but also can further improve the service life of the agricultural machine transmission component;
thirdly, developing a method for depositing a high-entropy alloy coating and a shape memory alloy coating by electric spark, wherein the high-entropy alloy coating and the shape memory alloy coating are respectively applied to the surface of the agricultural machinery transmission component, and the performance of the agricultural machinery transmission component is obviously enhanced by virtue of the micron size effect of the shape memory alloy and the high-entropy alloy powder and the nanometer size effect of the hard alloy;
the surface of the agricultural machinery transmission component is firstly processed into the functional bionic surface, and then the procedures of cleaning treatment, electric spark deposition, heating treatment and the like are carried out, so that the surface performance of the agricultural machinery transmission component can be further improved by utilizing the functional bionic surface;
fifth, tests of a microhardness meter, a friction wear testing machine and a high-temperature resistance furnace show that the microhardness of the strengthening coating is 2371-3963 HV, and is 6.7-11.2 times of that of the base material; the wear resistance of the invention is improved by 3.7-4.6 times compared with that of the base material under the same wear condition; the high-temperature oxidation resistance is improved by 2.9-5.1 times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an interface morphology of a surface modification layer of an agricultural machinery transmission component
FIG. 2 is an XRD spectrum of a surface modification layer of an agricultural machinery component
FIG. 3 shows the wear profile of the surface modification layer of an agricultural machinery transmission member
FIG. 4 shows the friction coefficient between the surface modification layer and the substrate of an agricultural machinery transmission component.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described below in a clear and complete manner, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for enhancing the surface performance of an agricultural machinery transmission component comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, grinding, polishing and cleaning treatment with alcohol are carried out on the surface of a transmission component of the agricultural machine for later use;
step two, respectively putting the mechanically crushed high-entropy alloy powder, the hard alloy powder and the shape memory alloy powder with the powder granularity of 20 microns and containing the nano-diamond particles into a model NM-3000 high-energy nano ball mill, vacuumizing, filling 3.5MPa of nitrogen for ball milling, setting the ball milling rotation speed to be 1300r/min, the ball milling time to be 60 hours, the ball material weight ratio to be 21.5:1, the diameters of the nickel-based high-entropy alloy powder, the shape memory alloy powder and the hard alloy powder containing the nano-diamond particles after ball milling to be 13 microns, 17 microns and 90NM respectively, fully and completely stirring the fine powder by using an organic binder to form uniform pasty paste, pressing the pasty paste into a composite sheet with the thickness of 1mm by using a press, cutting the composite sheet into a required shape, and respectively pressing the high-entropy alloy powder, the hard alloy powder and the nickel-based composite sheet containing the nano-diamond particles to be the required shape by using an agricultural machine transmission, The hard alloy sheet and the shape memory alloy sheet are used as anodes, the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano diamond particles, the hard alloy sheet and the shape memory alloy sheet are sequentially deposited on the surface of the processed agricultural machinery transmission component by utilizing an electric spark deposition device, so that an electric spark deposition layer combined with atoms of the agricultural machinery transmission component is formed, wherein the electric spark deposition conditions are as follows: the power is 1500W, the frequency is 1300 Hz, the voltage is 80V, and the deposition rate is 1.2 min/cm2The flow rate of argon is 7L/min;
and step three, putting the agricultural machinery transmission component containing the three alloy sheet deposition layers in the step two into a heat treatment furnace in a nitrogen atmosphere for heating, and finishing the modification of the surface of the agricultural machinery transmission component.
Preferably, the organic binder is prepared by mixing polyacrylate, polybutene, glycol, ethanol and acetone according to the weight ratio of 3:1:4:1: 3.
And further optimizing, wherein the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano-diamond particles in the second step is Ni9Co31Cr30B15Fe7Si6.5Nd1.5.
Further optimizing, the shape memory alloy sheet in the second step comprises manganese-based alloy, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 13% of Al, 2% of Cr, 3% of Ni, 49% of Fe, 5% of Si, 1% of Zr, 0.8% of V, 0.5% of Nb and the balance of Mn.
And further optimizing, wherein the hard alloy sheet in the second step is a mixture of Cr3C2+ WC + Co, ZrC and TiC.
Further optimizing, the preparation method of the nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing the nano-diamond particles in the second step comprises the following steps: the nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing the nano-diamond particles is obtained by taking a cobalt-chromium alloy as a cathode and a pure nickel plate as an anode, suspending 45g/L nano-diamond particles with the size of 60nm in an electrolyte taking nickel sulfate as a main salt in a high-pressure carbon dioxide fluid environment at the temperature of 314K and the pressure of 10.5MPa, and applying a current density of 5A/dm2 to carry out electrodeposition.
Further optimizing, the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace in the third step is set to 1450 ℃ at most, the heating time is 10 hours, and the specific temperature curve is as follows: 280 ℃/1h + 490 ℃/2h + 650 ℃/30min +1450 ℃/6.5 h, and then cooling at room temperature after being taken out.
The microhardness of the strengthened coating is 3963HV which is 11.2 times of that of the base material, the abrasion weight loss of the base body and the abrasion weight loss of the embodiment of the invention are respectively 4.74 g and 1.28 g under the same abrasion condition, and the abrasion resistance is improved by 3.7 times compared with the base material; the high-temperature oxidation resistance is improved by 2.9 times.
Example 2
A method for enhancing the surface performance of an agricultural machinery transmission component comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, carrying out surface grinding, polishing and alcohol cleaning and cleaning treatment on the surface of an agricultural machinery transmission component for later use;
step two, respectively crushing the high-entropy alloy powder, the hard alloy powder and the shape memory alloy powder which contain the nano diamond particles and have the particle size of 20 mu mPutting the mixture into a model NM-3000 high-energy nano ball mill, vacuumizing, filling 3.5MPa of nitrogen for ball milling, setting the ball milling rotation speed to be 1375r/min, the ball milling time to be 64h, the ball material weight ratio to be 21.5:1, fully and completely stirring the fine powder by using an organic binder to form uniform pasty paste, pressing the pasty paste into a 2mm composite piece by using a press, cutting the composite piece into a required shape, respectively taking the nickel-based high-entropy alloy composite piece, the hard alloy piece and the shape memory alloy piece containing the nano diamond particles as anodes by using an agricultural machine transmission component as a cathode, and sequentially taking the nickel-based high-entropy alloy piece, the hard alloy piece and the shape memory alloy piece containing the nano diamond particles as anodes by using spark deposition equipment, The shape memory alloy sheet is deposited on the surface of the processed agricultural machinery transmission component to form an electric spark deposition layer which is bonded with atoms of the agricultural machinery transmission component; here, the electro-spark deposition conditions were: power 1700W, frequency 1550 Hz, voltage 110V, deposition rate 1.3 min/cm2The flow rate of argon is 9L/min;
and step three, putting the agricultural machinery transmission component containing the three alloy sheet deposition layers in the step two into a heat treatment furnace in a nitrogen atmosphere for heating, and finishing the modification of the surface of the agricultural machinery transmission component.
Preferably, the organic binder is prepared by mixing polyacrylate, polybutene, glycol, ethanol and acetone according to a weight ratio of 4:2:5:1: 4.
And further optimizing, wherein the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano-diamond particles in the second step is Ni9Co31Cr30B15Fe7Si6.5Nd1.5 and NiTaNbHfZrV.
Further optimizing, the shape memory alloy sheet in the second step comprises manganese-based alloy, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 15% of Al, 6.5% of Cr, 6% of Ni, 46% of Fe, 6.5% of Si, 1.25% of Zr, 1.0% of V, 0.9% of Nb and the balance of Mn.
And further optimizing, wherein the hard alloy sheet in the second step is a mixture of Cr3C2+ WC + Co and NbC.
Further optimizing, the preparation method of the nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing the nano-diamond particles in the second step comprises the following steps: taking cobalt-chromium or tantalum-niobium alloy as a cathode and a pure nickel plate as an anode, suspending 55g/L of 65 nm-sized nano diamond particles in an electrolyte taking nickel sulfate as a main salt in a high-pressure carbon dioxide fluid environment at 319K and 11MPa, and applying a current density of 4.5A/dm2 to perform electrodeposition, thereby obtaining the nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing the nano diamond particles.
The furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is further optimized to be 1550 ℃ at most, the heating time is 9h, and the specific temperature curve is as follows: 280 ℃/1h + 490 ℃/2h + 650 ℃/30min +1550 ℃/5.5 h, and cooling at room temperature after being taken out.
The microhardness of the reinforced coating is 3145HV which is 8.9 times that of the base material as shown by HV1000 microhardness tester, HT-600 friction wear tester and QSH-1400 high-temperature resistance furnace; under the same abrasion condition, the abrasion weight loss of the matrix and the abrasion weight loss of the embodiment of the invention are respectively 5.25 g and 1.28 g, and the abrasion resistance is improved by 4.1 times compared with that of the matrix material; the high-temperature oxidation resistance is improved by 3.85 times.
Example 3
A method for enhancing the surface performance of an agricultural machinery transmission component comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, carrying out surface grinding, polishing and alcohol cleaning and cleaning treatment on the surface of an agricultural machinery transmission component for later use;
step two, respectively putting the mechanically crushed high-entropy alloy powder, hard alloy powder and shape memory alloy powder with the powder granularity of 20 microns and containing the nano-diamond particles into an NM-3000 high-energy nano ball mill, vacuumizing, filling 3.5MPa of nitrogen for ball milling, setting the ball milling rotation speed of 1450r/min, setting the ball milling time of 67 hours, wherein the ball material weight ratio is 21.5:1, the diameters of the nickel-based high-entropy alloy powder, the shape memory alloy powder and the hard alloy powder containing the nano-diamond particles after ball milling are respectively 15 microns, 22 microns and 96NM, fully and completely stirring the fine powder by using an organic binder to form uniform pasty paste, pressing the pasty paste into a composite piece with the granularity of 3mm by using a press and cutting the composite piece into a required shape, and respectively using an agricultural machine transmission component as a cathode, and respectively using the nickel-based high-entropy alloy composite sheet containing the nano diamond particles and the hard alloy.The nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano diamond particles, the hard alloy sheet and the shape memory alloy sheet are deposited on the surface of the processed agricultural machinery transmission component in sequence by using spark deposition equipment, so that an electric spark deposition layer which is bonded with atoms of the agricultural machinery transmission component is formed; here, the electro-spark deposition conditions were: the power is 1900W, the frequency is 1800 Hz, the voltage is 140V, and the deposition rate is 1.5 min/cm2The flow rate of argon is 10L/min;
and step three, putting the agricultural machinery transmission component containing the three alloy sheet deposition layers in the step two into a heat treatment furnace in a nitrogen atmosphere for heating, and finishing the modification of the surface of the agricultural machinery transmission component.
Preferably, the organic binder is prepared by mixing polyacrylate, polybutene, ethylene glycol, ethanol and acetone according to a weight ratio of 5:3: 6: 2: 5.
And further optimizing, wherein the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano-diamond particles in the second step is NiAlCoCrFeTiMn and NiTaNbHfZrV.
Further optimizing, the shape memory alloy sheet in the second step comprises manganese-based alloy, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 17% of Al, 11% of Cr, 9% of Ni, 43% of Fe, 8% of Si, 1.5% of Zr, 1.2% of V, 1.3% of Nb and the balance of Mn.
And further optimizing, wherein the hard alloy sheet in the second step is a mixture of Cr3C2+ WC + Co, NbC and TaC.
Further optimizing, the preparation method of the nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing the nano-diamond particles in the second step comprises the following steps: taking cobalt-chromium or tantalum-niobium alloy as a cathode and a pure nickel plate as an anode, suspending 65g/L of 72 nm-sized nano diamond particles in an electrolyte taking nickel sulfate as a main salt in a high-pressure carbon dioxide fluid environment at the temperature of 322.6K and the pressure of 11.5MPa, and applying a current density of 4A/dm2 to perform electrodeposition, thereby obtaining the nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing the nano diamond particles.
Further optimizing the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace in the third step to be set to 1650 ℃ at most, wherein the heating time is 8h, and the specific temperature curve is as follows: 280 ℃/1h + 490 ℃/2h + 650 ℃/30min +1650 ℃/4.5 h, and then cooling at room temperature after being taken out.
The microhardness of the reinforced coating is 2371HV which is 6.7 times that of the base material as shown by HV1000 microhardness tester, HT-600 type friction wear tester and QSH-1400 high-temperature resistance furnace; under the same abrasion condition, the abrasion weight loss of the matrix and the abrasion weight loss of the embodiment of the invention are respectively 5.93 g and 1.29 g, and the abrasion resistance is improved by 4.6 times compared with that of the matrix material; the high-temperature oxidation resistance is improved by 5.1 times.
Example 4
Three kinds of commercially available test samples 1, 2 and 3 and the substrates of examples 1 to 3 were selected, and six kinds of agricultural mechanical transmission members in total, in which the substrate materials were all Q235 steel, were subjected to measurement of microhardness and determination of toughness of the pure substrate and the substrate surface on which the reinforced coating prepared in the present invention was applied, respectively, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 average microhardness/HV of modified layer of agricultural machinery transmission member
TABLE 2 criterion for fracture toughness of modified layer of agricultural machinery transmission component
As shown in tables 1 and 2, after the modified coatings prepared by the invention are applied to the surfaces, the microhardness of six agricultural transmission components is improved by more than 6.7 times, and the crack density is below 5005, so that the reinforced coatings prepared by the invention can effectively improve the hardness and toughness of the agricultural transmission components.
The principal features, methods of use, operation, and basic principles of the invention, as well as advantages of the invention, have been shown and described above. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to explain the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the following claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A method for enhancing surface performance of an agricultural machinery transmission component is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
firstly, carrying out surface grinding, polishing and alcohol cleaning and cleaning treatment on the surface of a traditional component of an agricultural machine for later use;
secondly, taking an agricultural machinery traditional component as a cathode, respectively taking a nickel-based high-entropy alloy composite sheet containing nano diamond particles, a shape memory alloy sheet and a hard alloy sheet as anodes, and sequentially depositing the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano diamond particles, the shape memory alloy sheet and the hard alloy sheet on the surface of the treated agricultural machinery traditional component by utilizing spark deposition equipment to form an electric spark deposition layer combined with atoms of the agricultural machinery traditional component, wherein the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet containing the nano diamond particles is one or two of Ni9Co31Cr30B15Fe7Si6.5Nd1.5, NiAlCoFeTiMn and NiTaNbZrHfV; the shape memory alloy sheet is manganese-based alloy and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 13-17% of Al, 78-11% of Cr2, 3-9% of Ni, 43-49% of Fe, 5-8% of Si, 1-1.5% of Zr, 0.8-1.2% of V, 0.5-1.3% of Nb and the balance of Mn; the hard alloy sheet is Cr3C2+ WC + Co and one or two of ZrC, TiC, NbC and TaC;
and step three, putting the agricultural machinery transmission component containing the three alloy sheet deposition layers in the step two into a heat treatment furnace in a protective gas atmosphere for heating, and finishing the modification of the surface of the agricultural machinery transmission component.
2. The method for enhancing the surface performance of the agricultural machinery transmission component according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the nickel-based high-entropy alloy sheet, the shape memory alloy sheet and the hard alloy sheet containing the nano diamond particles in the second step comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of grinding nickel-based high-entropy alloy powder, shape memory alloy powder and hard alloy powder containing nano diamond particles to fine powder with diameters of 13-15 micrometers, 17-22 micrometers and 90-96 nanometers respectively by using a ball mill, fully and completely stirring the fine powder by using an organic binder to form uniform pasty paste, pressing the pasty paste to a composite sheet with the thickness of 1-3 mm by using a press, and cutting the composite sheet into a required shape.
3. A method of enhancing the surface properties of an agricultural machine transmission member as defined in claim 2, wherein the grinding method comprises: firstly, mechanically crushed high-entropy alloy powder, hard alloy powder and shape memory alloy powder with the powder granularity of 20 mu m are respectively placed into a ball milling tank, and are subjected to ball milling by filling 3.5MPa nitrogen after being vacuumized; setting the ball milling rotation speed of 1300-1450 rpm, and the ball milling time of 60-67 hours; the weight ratio of the ball materials is 21.5: 1.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the organic binder is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polybutene, ethylene glycol, ethanol, and acetone in a weight ratio of 3-5:1-3:4-6:1-2: 3-5.
5. The method for enhancing the surface performance of the agricultural machinery transmission component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the condition of the electric spark deposition in the second step is as follows: the power is 1500-1900W, the frequency is 1300-1800 Hz, the voltage is 80-140V, and the deposition rate is 1.2-1.5 min/cm2And the flow of the protective gas argon is 7-10L/min.
6. The method for enhancing the surface performance of the agricultural machinery transmission component according to claim 1, wherein the nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing the nano-diamond particles in the second step is prepared by the following steps: taking cobalt-chromium or tantalum-niobium alloy as a cathode and a pure nickel plate as an anode, suspending 45-65 g/L of nano-diamond particles in an electrolyte taking nickel sulfate as a main salt in a high-pressure carbon dioxide fluid environment, and applying a certain current density to carry out electrodeposition, thereby obtaining the nickel-based high-entropy alloy containing the nano-diamond particles.
7. The method for enhancing the surface performance of the agricultural machinery transmission component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace in the third step is set to be at least 60 ℃ higher than the melting temperature of the nickel-based high-entropy alloy, the heating time is 8-10 h, and the specific temperature curve is as follows: 280 ℃/1h + 490 ℃/2h + 650 ℃/30min + (1050-1250) DEG C/4.5 h, and cooling at room temperature after taking out.
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