CN110650487B - Internet of things edge computing configuration method based on data privacy protection - Google Patents
Internet of things edge computing configuration method based on data privacy protection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for completing data calculation by using an edge calculation server for terminal equipment of the Internet of things, which comprises the following steps: firstly, each terminal of the internet of things knows the distribution information and the available channel information of an edge computing server in the geographic area through a common control channel; secondly, estimating the amount of energy consumed by local terminal calculation and judging whether the time delay meets the requirements or not for the amount of environment acquisition information which needs to be collected currently; thirdly, calculating server information according to the collected edge, and taking energy consumption and data transmission safety into consideration to obtain the optimal transmission power and transmission time delay when the data calculation is completed through the edge server; and finally, obtaining an optimal computing resource utilization strategy by the Internet of things terminal according to the data of the first two steps. The invention discloses a novel method for selecting the computing service of terminal equipment of the Internet of things, which can balance the energy consumption of the terminal of the Internet of things and the protection requirement of data privacy, improve the data security and prolong the service life of the terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an Internet of things edge computing configuration method based on data privacy protection, and belongs to the field of Internet of things communication.
Background
As the 5G network is accelerating to complete commercial deployment, the possibility is created for large-scale application of the Internet of things. Currently, internet of things equipment has entered all aspects of daily life and becomes an essential component of environment monitoring, video acquisition, smart cities and smart homes. The internet of things is limited by the cost of terminal equipment of the internet of things, the internet of things generally adopts a network architecture of a terminal and a cloud, the terminal equipment only finishes information acquisition and transmission, and all data processing is carried out by depending on a cloud server.
With the large increase of the devices of the internet of things and the increase of the delay requirement, the single network architecture is challenged unprecedentedly. A large amount of data are uploaded to the cloud, so that higher requirements are provided for the performance of a cloud server, and higher requirements for network bandwidth are also provided. Even so, a large number of sensors with high real-time requirements will still be difficult to meet the requirements, such as the time delay from the acquisition of information from the sensors to the implementation of vehicle control in unmanned driving must be within milliseconds. On the other hand, a large amount of data are uploaded to a cloud end, the link is too long and the complexity is too high, a safety problem is caused, and malicious users possibly intercept and capture data of the terminal equipment in a transmission link, so that the real-time state of a specific scene is analyzed, and illegal infringement is implemented.
In recent years, the transmission and delay problems caused by a single architecture of the internet of things can be relieved to a certain extent through the evolution of a data communication system, such as the improvement of transmission rate, but the fundamental solution lies in the further evolution of a network architecture, namely, a server gradually transits from a cloud end to a cloud end and coexists with a network edge. Under the network architecture, on one hand, the data volume transmitted to the cloud end through the network is reduced, and the data security is improved; on the other hand, data is processed nearby, the problem that the computing power of the terminal of the Internet of things is insufficient is solved, and meanwhile, data processing time delay is reduced. Finally, the number of the internet of things equipment terminals which can be accommodated by the network can be greatly increased.
The existing research work on the adoption of edge computing of an internet of things terminal mainly aims at reasonably selecting a plurality of edge computing servers and cloud servers in a certain geographic area by internet of things terminal equipment so as to minimize two performance indexes: total energy consumption and transmission delay. The problem of selecting an IOT terminal between a Computing unit and an Edge server is studied in the documents "Mao, Y., zhang, J., and Letaief, K.B.: dynamic Computing Offloading for Mobile-Edge Computing With Energy Harvesting Devices, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,2016,34, (12), pp.3590-3605". The problem of stable selection in the scenario of multiple internet of things terminals and multiple Edge servers is studied in documents "Dinh, t.q., la, q.d., quek, t.q.s., and Shin, h.: learning for Computing off-flow in Mobile Edge Computing, IEEE Transactions on Communications,2018,66, (12), pp.6353-6367", and the internet of things terminals tend to be stable in the case of distributed selection of Edge servers by using the nash equilibrium theory. In the documents "Chen, m., and Hao, y.: task off-flow for Mobile Edge Computing in Software Defined Ultra-transmit Network, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,2018,36, (3), pp.587-597", the optimal computation Task upload strategy of the end user is analyzed in the scene of a high density of terminals of the internet of things, by which the terminal energy consumption can be reduced by 30% and the data processing delay can be reduced by 20%. In general, current research neglects the dimension of data transmission security, and only focuses on two dimensions of energy consumption and processing delay.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further optimize data processing of the terminal of the Internet of things from three dimensions, namely data security, energy consumption and processing time delay, the invention provides an Internet of things edge computing configuration method based on data privacy protection.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the invention provides an Internet of things edge computing configuration method based on data privacy protection,
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, periodically detecting state information sent by an edge computing server on an appointed control channel during the interval of collecting current environment information by each terminal of the Internet of things;
2.1, assuming that the terminal i of the Internet of things is to perform all calculation tasks S i Sending the data to the edge computing server j for data processing, i.e. the computing task processed by the edge computing server j
And computing task processed by terminal i of Internet of things
By minimizing
Obtaining the optimal transmitting power of the terminal i of the Internet of things
And a corresponding consumption energy of
The data processing duration of the edge computing server j is
If it is
The edge computing server j is an available server; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
h i,j calculating channel gain between terminal i and edge server j for Internet of things, B i For the channel bandwidth, sigma, between the terminal i of the internet of things and the edge computing server j 2 Is the power of white noise, p i Is the transmitting power of the terminal i of the internet of things,
is the maximum transmitting power, G, of the terminal i of the Internet of things i,j The method comprises the steps that an internet of things terminal set in a circle with an internet of things terminal i as a circle center and the distance between the internet of things terminal i and an edge calculation server j as a radius is formed, eta is the average probability that the internet of things terminal is a malicious user interception target, and c i Weight factors bringing risks for intercepting the data are reflected;
2.2, standby edge compute Server j * The server with the lowest corresponding energy consumption in the available server set obtained in the step 2.1 is obtained;
step 3, calculating a server j according to the standby edge * Corresponding to
And
the method for determining the configuration scheme of the computing task specifically comprises the following steps:
3.1, if satisfied
And is provided with
All calculation tasks S of Internet of things terminal i i Will be processed by its local computing unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for all calculation tasks S i The total energy consumption for data processing by the internet of things terminal i,
for all calculation tasks S i The calculation time, tau, consumed by the internet of things terminal i for data processing i For processing the entire computational task S i The delay threshold of (a);
3.2 if satisfied
But do not
The terminal i of the Internet of things preferentially utilizes the local computing unit thereof to process part of tasks
If the rest of the computing task
By a standby edge computing server j * Upon completion satisfy
Then the terminal i of the internet of things calculates the part of the task
Send to a backup edge compute server j * Processing, otherwise S i Will be discarded; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
compute Server j for Standby edge * Treatment of
The length of time of;
3.3 if satisfied
And is provided with
All calculation tasks S of Internet of things terminal i i Will be sent to the standby edge computing server j * Finish the treatment, i.e.
3.4 if satisfied
But do not
The terminal i of the internet of things preferentially utilizes the server j * Handling partial tasks
If the rest of the computing task
Satisfied by local computing unit of terminal i of Internet of things
Then the terminal i of the internet of things calculates the part of the task
Processing at local computing unit, otherwise S i Will be discarded.
As a further technical solution of the present invention,
where κ denotes a coefficient determined by processor characteristics, W i ＝S i X and X represent the number of clock cycles of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) required by the terminal i of the Internet of things for processing 1 bit data, f i M The maximum clock period allowed for the central processing unit of the terminal i of the internet of things.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the state information sent by the edge computing server comprises the geographical position of the edge server, the quality and available bandwidth of a data transmission channel and the computing and processing capacity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
1. the data processing flow of the terminal of the Internet of things is optimized, the computing power of the computing unit and the computing server near the edge of the computing unit is fully utilized, and the data processing efficiency is improved.
2. When the terminal of the Internet of things transmits data to the edge server, the possibility that the data is intercepted and utilized by other terminals is considered, and the risk is reduced through optimization;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a computing arrangement of the present invention;
fig. 2 and fig. 3 are diagrams of computing configurations of end users of the internet of things with different delay requirements in a given scenario.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the drawings as follows:
the invention provides an Internet of things edge computing configuration method based on data privacy protection, which comprises the following steps of:
firstly, in a certain geographic area, a plurality of internet of things terminals for monitoring environmental state information are deployed, and a plurality of edge servers for data calculation processing exist. The terminals maintain the energy requirements in a mode of combining batteries and solar energy collection, are connected to the network through a wireless access technology, and have the capability of accessing an edge server and a cloud server. Each internet of things terminal periodically detects state information sent by the edge computing server on an appointed control channel at the interval of collecting current environment information, wherein the state information comprises the geographic position of the edge server, the quality and available bandwidth of a data transmission channel, computing processing capacity and the like.
Taking video information acquisition as an example, the internet of things terminal continuously acquires real-time pictures shot at the current position, finds whether interested persons, objects or behaviors appear or not, and uploads the result to the cloud server once a specific target is detected without directly uploading all video information. The terminal has limited memory capacity and the goal is to process 500 megabytes of video information to completion and obtain no more than 1 kilobyte of text information within a given period of time, e.g., 1 minute, to describe whether a particular event has been detected. Therefore, the terminal needs to complete the processing of these video data with as little energy consumption as possible and satisfying the requirement of processing time limit.
Secondly, after the terminal of the Internet of things collects the information of the edge calculation server and other terminals, a series of weights are obtained through calculation, and comparison is carried out according to the weights so as to determine which way to finish data calculation.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, taking the terminal i of the internet of things as an example, the data amount to be processed is S i (in bits) the delay requirement for processing the data is less than τ i . The weights needed to complete the calculation are as follows:
1) And the self computing unit of the terminal of the Internet of things processes and computes data. Assuming currently that X represents the number of CPU clock cycles required to process 1 bit of data, then the entire data S is processed i The required total CPU clock period is W i ＝S i And (4) X. In order to reduce the energy consumption to the maximum, the terminal will use the maximum clock period f allowed by the CPU i M The treatment is carried out, then the total consumed energy is
While the consumed calculation time is
Where κ denotes a coefficient determined by the processor characteristics.
2) The terminal of the Internet of things transmits all the calculation tasks S through a wireless data transmission means i And sending the data to a nearby edge computing server for data processing. The edge server has reliable energy supply and strong data calculation capacity, and the energy consumption calculated by the edge server mainly lies in the data transmission process and overcomes the safety problem caused by the data intercepted by other receiving equipment. It is assumed here that all computation tasks are to be transferred to edge server j for processing, with a channel gain of h i,j Channel bandwidth of B i White noise power of sigma 2 Then the terminal transmits at a transmission power p i The achievable transmission rate is
Thereby obtaining the total energy consumption of the transmission process as
Supposing that the data modulation and coding mode adopted in wireless transmission can realize infinite approach to r (h) i,j ,p i ) The actual transmission rate of the internet of things terminal i is used as the center of a circle, and the distance between the terminal i and the server j is used as the radius circle, so that the receiving terminal can intercept the data sent by the receiving terminal. Assume that the set of terminals within the circle is G i,j Receiving terminal n, n ∈ G i,j Probability of eta for malicious interception of a user n Then the probability of the data being intercepted is expressed as
Combining the above two parts, the terminal i needs to select a suitable server j and an optimal transmission power p i In a minimized manner
c i And a weight factor bringing risks for intercepting the data is reflected. Taking the average probability of malicious interception of the terminal as eta, and further simplifying the formula as
Given server j, the optimal transmit power can be calculated from this equation
And a corresponding consumption energy of
And obtains a data processing duration of
If the optimum transmission power
Must not be less than its maximum transmit power limit, i.e. satisfy
Then the server j is removed from the list of available servers and the lowest energy consuming server j is selected from the remaining servers * As an alternative.
Here, taking a certain internet of things terminal as an example, there are 3 edge servers around the terminal for computing services, which are a, B, and C, respectively. The terminal needs to calculate 4 groups of corresponding weights, namely energy and time delay (E) required by the terminal to complete processing through a self-calculating unit L ,D L ) And the capacity and delay required for processing if all data is sent to one of the servers, respectively (E) A ,D A ),(E B ,D B ),(E C ,D C ). In order to prolong the service life of the terminal or reduce the maintenance cost of personnel, the selection of the edge server takes the energy consumption of data transmission as a standard, and the server A with the minimum required energy is selected from the 3 servers. It should be noted that the transmission energy required by server a is minimal, but the transmission delay may not be minimal.
It should be noted that the energy consumption and the time delay of the server are not calculated only by solving the cost function, but can find the optimal value by numerical calculation. And is limited by the modulation scheme and coding scheme, where the power p i The values may be discrete rather than from 0 to maximum power
A continuous value of (c).
Thirdly, the terminal of the internet of things selects the following possible data processing schemes according to the comparison between the weight processed by the terminal of the internet of things and the value of the selected weight of the edge server, wherein the schemes are as follows: terminal i own computing unit, edge server j * Terminal self-calculating unitAnd (4) performing joint calculation with the edge server, and discarding the current data without processing.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the selection of the scheme is carried out according to the following steps:
1) If it satisfies
And is provided with
All computation tasks S of terminal i i Will be processed by its local computing unit, i.e.
2) If it satisfies
But do not
The terminal i will preferentially handle part of the task with the local computing unit, i.e.
If the rest of the computing task
By server j * Complete and satisfy
Then terminal i sends the part of the computation task to server j * Processing, otherwise the computing task S i Will be discarded;
3) If it satisfies
And is provided with
All meters of terminal iCalculation task S i Will all be sent to server j * Finish the treatment, i.e.
4) If it is satisfied with
But do not
Terminal i will preferentially utilize server j * Handling part of the task, i.e.
If the rest of the computing task
Is done and satisfied by the local computing unit of terminal i
The terminal i processes the part of the calculation task in the local calculation unit, otherwise the calculation task S i Will be discarded.
Following the above example, the terminal has selected the weight (E) of server A A ,D A ) Weight value processed by self-computing unit (E) L ,D L ) The comparison is made and a selection is made among the 4 strategies described above to determine whether to send the video data, or a portion of the video data, to the edge server a for processing.
According to the scheme, if the calculation tasks are reasonably distributed, the terminal distributes the tasks between the local calculation unit and the edge server according to the obtained proportion and completes the data processing. If the final selection is discarded, then go back to selecting the edge server location in step, reselect the edge server that consumes the second place, and make the solution selection. And so on until there is no optional edge server, the portion of data will be discarded completely.
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following specific examples:
example 1 a computing configuration method and a performance comparison diagram of an internet of things terminal in a specific environment are given.
In a deployment environment of a certain internet of things terminal, 3 edge servers with different distances exist, and the distance between the edge servers and the terminal is 5m,8m and 12m respectively. The data volume to be processed by the terminal of the Internet of things in a given time delay is 1500 bits, the maximum working frequency of a computing unit of the terminal of the Internet of things is 1.5GHz, and the value of a parameter kappa is 10 -28 Therefore, the calculation results in 1.99mJ of energy consumed by the local calculation and 5.9ms of processing delay. And assuming that the transmission of 3 edge servers adopts a 2.4GHz frequency band, the bandwidth is 20MHz, and the gain of a transmission channel is in inverse proportion to 4 power of the distance, the energy consumed by the 3 edge servers from near to far and the transmission delay are respectively (1.25mJ, 6.5 ms), (2.12mJ, 8.5 ms), (2.96mJ, 11.8 ms).
In fig. 2, when the processing delay required by the terminal of the internet of things is 5ms, the policy selection for performing joint data processing with each server is given. Under the condition, the independent calculation of the local calculation unit and all the servers does not meet the time delay requirement, so the calculation tasks are distributed between the local calculation unit and the servers according to the distribution method to carry out combined processing. Different energy consumption is brought by the distance between the servers, and the internet of things terminal finally utilizes the nearest edge server to carry out data combined processing.
In fig. 3, the policy selection for performing the joint data processing with each server when the processing delay required by the terminal of the internet of things is 10ms is shown. Under the condition, except for the farthest server, the local computing unit and other servers can independently compute and meet the time delay requirement, so that the computing task selects local or server to independently process data according to the distribution method. If the nearest server is available, all the data are sent to the server for processing, otherwise, all the data are calculated in the local calculation unit.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can understand that the modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. An Internet of things edge computing configuration method based on data privacy protection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, periodically detecting state information sent by an edge computing server on an appointed control channel during the interval of collecting current environment information by each terminal of the Internet of things;
step 2, selecting a standby edge computing server j of joint computing * The method specifically comprises the following steps:
2.1, assuming that the terminal i of the Internet of things is to perform all calculation tasks S i Sending the data to the edge computing server j for data processing, i.e. the computing task processed by the edge computing server j
And computing task processed by terminal i of Internet of things
By minimizing
Obtaining the optimal transmitting power of the terminal i of the Internet of things
And a corresponding consumption energy of
The data processing duration of the edge computing server j is
If it is
The edge computing server j is an available server; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
h i,j calculating channel gain between terminal i and edge server j for Internet of things, B i For the channel bandwidth, sigma, between the terminal i of the internet of things and the edge computing server j 2 Is the power of white noise, p i Is the transmitting power of the terminal i of the internet of things,
is the maximum transmitting power, G, of the terminal i of the Internet of things i,j The method comprises the steps that an internet of things terminal set in a circle with an internet of things terminal i as a circle center and the distance between the internet of things terminal i and an edge calculation server j as a radius is formed, eta is the average probability that the internet of things terminal is a malicious user interception target, and c i Weight factors bringing risks for intercepting the data are reflected;
2.2, standby edge compute Server j * The server with the lowest corresponding energy consumption in the available server set obtained in the step 2.1 is obtained;
step 3, calculating a server j according to the standby edge * Corresponding to
And
the method for determining the configuration scheme of the computing task specifically comprises the following steps:
3.1, if satisfied
And is
All calculation tasks S of Internet of things terminal i i Will be processed by its local computing unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for all calculation tasks S i The total energy consumption for data processing by the internet of things terminal i,
for all calculation tasks S i The calculation time, tau, consumed by the internet of things terminal i for data processing i For processing the entire computational task S i The delay threshold of (c);
3.2 if satisfied
But do not
Terminal i of internet of things distributes part of calculation tasks to local calculation unit of terminal i of internet of things
If S i Of (2) the remainder of
By a standby edge computing server j * Upon completion satisfy
Then the terminal i of the internet of things will preferentially utilize the local computing unit to process
And will be
Send to a standby edge compute server j * Processing, otherwise S i Will be discarded; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
compute Server j for Standby edge * Treatment of
The length of time of;
3.3 if satisfied
And is
All calculation tasks S of terminal i of Internet of things i Will be sent to the standby edge computing server j * Finish the treatment, i.e.
3.4 if satisfied
But do not
Internet of things terminal i-to-server j * Distributing part of a computing task
If S i Of (2) the remainder of
Satisfied by local computing unit of terminal i of Internet of things
Then the terminal i of the internet of things will preferentially utilize the standby edge computing server j * Process S i E And processed by its local computing unit
Otherwise S i Will be discarded.
2. The Internet of things edge computing configuration method based on data privacy protection as claimed in claim 1,
where κ denotes a coefficient determined by processor characteristics, W i ＝S i X and X represent the number of clock cycles of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) required by the terminal i of the Internet of things for processing 1 bit data, f i M The maximum clock period allowed for the central processing unit of the terminal i of the internet of things.
3. The internet of things edge computing configuration method based on data privacy protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the state information sent by the edge computing server includes edge server geographical location, data transmission channel quality and available bandwidth, and computing processing capacity.
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