CN109788540A - Power control and method for channel allocation in D2D system based on energy acquisition - Google Patents
Power control and method for channel allocation in D2D system based on energy acquisition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses power controls and method for channel allocation based on energy acquisition in a kind of 5G D2D system, D2D user's sub-clustering according to the channel gain ratio building interference weight map between D2D user, is made the common-channel interference of D2D user in same cluster minimum by this method according to interference weight map first；It then is non-cooperative game by the D2D user modeling in same cluster, it derives that D2D user sends the optimal expression formula of power and acquisition time by building Lagrangian and using KKT condition, is that D2D user's optimal scheme sends power and acquisition time by the method that Joint iteration optimizes；Finally be multiplexed capacity when each phone user's channel resource respectively according to each D2D cluster, using KM algorithm using maximize D2D user's total capacity as target be D2D cluster distribute channel.The present invention considers that the limitation of common-channel interference and collecting energy, energy distribution more optimization rationally, consider the minimum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio requirement of phone user, effectively reduce power consumption when being phone user's distribution power simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology fields, and in particular to a kind of D2D applied in the 5th third generation mobile communication network
The power control and method for channel allocation based on energy acquisition in system.
Background technique
Increasing with intelligent mobile terminal equipment quantity, more users need access to wireless communication network, however frequently
Spectrum resource is limited, and how using limited frequency spectrum resource more users to be carried out wireless communication becomes urgent need solution
Certainly the problem of.Consider that the business for carrying out information sharing between user is more and more, is generated between the closer user in geographical location
Data traffic significantly increases, and D2D communication is suggested in the 5th third generation mobile communication network as one of key technology, passes through solution
The communication of short distance user largely alleviates frequency spectrum resource shortage problem.
D2D communication allows to establish direct communication link between two closer user terminals of physical distance without passing through
Base station or other core networks, the authorized spectrum band for being multiplexed cellular network carry out point to point link.Due to share spectrum resources, D2D
Communication allows more user terminals to be linked into network, can effectively improve the availability of frequency spectrum；Compared to conventional cellular communication,
D2D communication needs not move through base station or other core networks, can reduce transmission delay, improve data transfer speed end to end
The workload of rate and mitigation base station or other core networks；When short-range communication, path loss is smaller, the transmission of terminal device
Power is also smaller, can reduce the energy loss of user.Consider that the transmission power of D2D user is smaller, it can be by D2D communication and energy
Acquisition technique combines, the D2D communication equipment based on energy acquisition can from ambient enviroment radiofrequency signal collecting energy, solve to set
The problem of standby energy supply.
But since D2D communication and conventional cellular communication use same spectrum resources, D2D user and phone user exist
Interlayer interference, if the frequency spectrum resource of a certain phone user is multiplexed by multipair D2D user, there is also layers between D2D user couple
Interior interference.Therefore, interference management becomes a critically important problem in the hybrid network that phone user and D2D user coexist.
In addition, energy acquisition also becomes the significant consideration in resource allocation due to the uncertainty of environment.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of apply in 5GD2D system
The power control and method for channel allocation based on energy acquisition, by optimize D2D user transmission power and energy acquisition when
Between and phone user transmission power, for D2D user distribute reasonable channel resource, improve the total capacity of D2D user.
Technical solution: to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the function based on energy acquisition in a kind of 5G D2D system
Rate control and method for channel allocation, specifically includes the following steps:
1) with C=1,2 ..., i ..., M }, D=1,2 ..., j ..., N } and DR=1,2 ..., k ..., K }
D2D user's collection of phone user's collection, D2D user's collection and multiplexing phone user i channel resource is respectively indicated, wherein M indicates system
Middle phone user's number, D2D user's logarithm in N expression system, K indicate D2D user's logarithm of multiplexing phone user i channel resource；
2) interference that interference weight and each D2D user between D2D user are calculated according to the channel gain between D2D user is weighed
And, N number of D2D user is divided as the heuristic dynamic clustering method of target exploitation using minimizing the common-channel interference between D2D user again
For M D2D cluster, D2D gathering is indicated with DC={ 1,2 ..., m ... M }；
3) it initializestj,i=2, whereinWhen being multiplexed the channel resource of phone user i for D2D cluster m
Maximum cluster capacity,For the transmission power of D2D user j (1≤j≤K) in D2D cluster m, variableθj,iIndicate D2D
The energy acquisition time of transmitting terminal；
4) the transmission power and information transmission time variable of D2D user are calculated；
5) K D2D user in cluster when finding out D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i channel resourcetj,iValue substitutes into formulaIt calculates and updatesValue；
6) step 4 and step 5 are repeated until condition of convergence establishment, obtains the channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i
When D2D user j optimal transmission powerWith optimal information transmission time variable
7) the optimal transmission power of phone user i and D2D user when calculating the channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i
The optimal energy acquisition time of j；
8) the cluster capacity when channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i is calculated
9) it repeats step 3 to step 8 and finds out cluster capacity when M D2D cluster is multiplexed M phone user's channel resource respectively,
Compare to obtain the maximum value in M × M cluster capacity, by itself and cluster capacityDifference as D2D cluster m and phone user i
Weighted value between M D2D cluster and M phone user is substituted into after KM algorithm and obtains D2D cluster and phone user's channel money by weight
Channel multiplexing factor matrix Y between source；
10) when being multiplexed M phone user's channel resource respectively according to the value of the channel multiplexing factor in matrix Y and M D2D cluster
Cluster capability value calculate D2D user total capacity.
Further, the transmission power of D2D user and the calculation formula of information transmission time variable are distinguished in the step 4
ForWithWherein A=hijrthchjB/hiB, B=hijrthcN0hiB+N0,
C=hijrthchkB/hiB+hkj, D=ξ PBShBj,H in formulaj
For the channel gain of D2D transmitting terminal j and the receiving end D2D j, hijTo be multiplexed between the phone user i and D2D receiving end j of same channel
Channel gain, rthcIndicate the SINR threshold value of phone user, hkBFor the channel gain between D2D transmitting terminal k and base station, hiBFor bee
Channel gain between nest user i and base station, N0Indicate the power spectral density of additive white Gaussian noise, hkjTo be multiplexed same channel
Channel gain between D2D transmitting terminal k and D2D receiving end j, ξ ∈ (0,1) indicate the energy acquisition efficiency of D2D transmitting terminal, PBSIt indicates
The transmission power of base station, hBjIndicate that the channel gain between base station and j-th of D2D transmitting terminal, T indicate that energy acquisition and information pass
Defeated period total time.
Further, the condition of convergence in the step 6 are as follows:
Wherein ε is allowable error, and ε is one
The constant of numerical value very little, and value is ε=10-3。
Further, according to formula in the step 7WithRespectively
The optimal energy of the optimal transmission power of phone user i and D2D user j when calculating the channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i
Measure acquisition time.
Further, the cluster capacity in the step 8 when the channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user iMeter
Calculate formula are as follows:
The present invention constructs the system model based on energy acquisition D2D communication, the identical bee of multiple D2D user's reusables first
The channel resource of nest user, base station use the mode of wireless energy transfer for the power supply of D2D transmitting terminal；Then for honeycomb in system
The time assignment problem of cochannel interference and energy acquisition between user and D2D user, D2D user, building maximize D2D user
The optimization problem of total capacity, the processing method carried out using power control and channel distribution substep, this method are used according to D2D first
Channel gain ratio building interference weight map between family, makes D2D in same cluster for D2D user's sub-clustering according to interference weight map
The common-channel interference of user is minimum；Then it is non-cooperative game by the D2D user modeling in same cluster, passes through building Lagrange
Function and the optimal expression formula that D2D user's transmission power and acquisition time is derived using KKT condition, are optimized by Joint iteration
Method be that D2D user's optimal scheme sends power and energy acquisition time；Each bee is finally multiplexed according to each D2D cluster respectively
Capacity when nest subscriber channel resource, using KM algorithm using maximize D2D user's total capacity as target be D2D cluster distribute channel.
The present invention constructs under conditions of guaranteeing phone user's service quality and sending power limited maximizes D2D user
The optimization problem of total capacity.It is D2D user's sub-clustering first with heuristic dynamic clustering method, the D2D in same cluster is used
Family can share same channel, then acquire D2D user's transmission power most using method of Lagrange multipliers and using KKT condition
Excellent expression formula, and then the optimal energy acquisition time of D2D transmitting terminal is obtained, D2D cluster finally is completed using KM algorithm and honeycomb is used
The Optimum Matching of family channel resource keeps D2D user's total capacity maximum.
The power distribution and channel distribution of present invention combined optimization user in the D2D system based on energy acquisition.In function
In rate assigning process, guarantee the minimum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio requirement of phone user, limitation of the collecting energy to power is sent is added, uses
Method of Lagrange multipliers and KKT condition derive optimal power allocation scheme, in channel allocation, first to minimize
Common-channel interference is that principle is D2D user's sub-clustering, then completes the best of D2D cluster and phone user's channel resource using KM algorithm
Matching maximizes D2D user's total capacity.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, the present invention having the advantage that
1, in D2D user power assigning process, while the limitation of common-channel interference and collecting energy is considered, to maximize
The optimal transmission power that the total capacity of D2D user is target to obtain D2D user, and then determine its energy acquisition time, with etc.
Time allocation method used therein is compared, and energy distribution more optimization rationally, can obtain larger capacity.
It 2, is the minimum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio requirement that phone user is considered when phone user's distribution power, according to multiplexing phone user
The transmission power of the D2D user of channel resource dynamically adjusts the minimum of phone user and sends power, with constant power distribution method
Compared to power consumption being effectively reduced to avoid energy dissipation.
3, consider that the common-channel interference minimized in each D2D cluster is D2D user's sub-clustering, in channel allocation with every
Cluster capacity when a D2D cluster is multiplexed each phone user's channel resource respectively utilizes KM algorithm to complete D2D cluster and bee as weight
Maximum D2D total capacity is realized in the best match of nest subscriber channel resource.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the D2D system model schematic diagram based on energy acquisition；
Fig. 3 is with D2D user's total capacity variation diagram when distance increases between D2D pairs；
Fig. 4 is with D2D user's total capacity variation diagram when D2D number of users increases；
Fig. 5 is with D2D user's total capacity variation diagram when phone user's Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio threshold value increases.
Specific embodiment
In the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is furture elucidated
It is illustrated in figure 2 the D2D system model in the present embodiment based on energy acquisition, it is located at center of housing estate by one
Base station, the M phone user and N number of D2D user for being randomly distributed in cell to composition, and respectively with C=1,2 ..., i ...,
M } and D={ 1,2 ..., j ..., N } expression phone user collects and D2D user's collection, each pair of D2D user includes a D2D transmission
End and a receiving end D2D, each phone user occupies an orthogonal sub-channels and base station carries out conventional cellular communication, each
The uplink resource that D2D user is multiplexed a phone user communicates, and the uplink resource of a phone user can be with
It is multiplexed by multiple D2D users.
Referring to Fig.1, it is assumed that K D2D user is multiplexed the channel resource of phone user i, with DR={ 1,2 ..., k ..., K }
Indicate D2D user's collection of multiplexing phone user i channel resource.The then Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of phone user i are as follows:
The Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of the receiving end D2D j are as follows:
Wherein,WithThe transmission power of respectively phone user i and D2D transmitting terminal j, hiBFor phone user i and base station
Between channel gain, hkBFor the channel gain between D2D transmitting terminal k and base station, hjFor the letter of D2D transmitting terminal j and the receiving end D2D j
Road gain, hijThe channel gain between phone user i and D2D receiving end j to be multiplexed same channel, hkjTo be multiplexed same channel
D2D transmitting terminal k and D2D receiving end j between channel gain, N0Indicate the power spectral density of additive white Gaussian noise.
Energy needed for D2D transmitting terminal is used by base station and is wirelessly supplied, the D2D user in period of time T
Energy acquisition and information transmission are completed, the energy of D2D transmitting terminal acquisition base station broadcast, rear (1- θ) T in the preceding θ T of time cycle
Time cycle carries out D2D communication.The then capacity of D2D user j are as follows:
The collected energy of D2D transmitting terminal j are as follows:
Ej=ξ θjTPBShBj (4)
Wherein, ξ ∈ (0,1) indicates the energy acquisition efficiency of D2D transmitting terminal, PBSIndicate the transmission power of base station, hBjIt indicates
Channel gain between base station and j-th of D2D transmitting terminal.
The present embodiment to maximize D2D user's total capacity in the D2D system based on energy acquisition studied, ask by optimization
Topic can indicate are as follows:
Subject to:
0 < θj,i< 1 (7)
Wherein, rthcIndicate the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio threshold value of phone user,WithRespectively indicate phone user and D2D user
Maximum send power, xjiThe channel multiplexing factor for indicating D2D user, works as xjiIndicate that D2D user j is multiplexed phone user when=1
The channel resource of i, works as xjiIndicate that D2D user j is not multiplexed the channel resource of phone user i when=0.Formula (6) ensure that honeycomb
The minimum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio requirement of user, formula (7) ensure that D2D user carries out energy acquisition and information transmission, and formula (8) ensure that
D2D user's energy consumed by information transmission time is no more than the collected energy of energy acquisition time institute, and formula (9) ensure that
The maximum power for sending power and being less than systemic presupposition of phone user and D2D user, formula (10) ensure that a D2D user is most
It is multiplexed the channel resource of a phone user.
Interference power according to the channel gain between D2D user than interference weight and each D2D user between calculating D2D user
And, N number of D2D user is divided as the heuristic dynamic clustering method of target exploitation using minimizing the common-channel interference between D2D user again
For M D2D cluster, D2D gathering is indicated with DC={ 1,2 ..., m ... M }, the channel that M D2D cluster is multiplexed M phone user provides
Source, each D2D cluster are multiplexed a channel resource, and the channel resource of each phone user is multiplexed by a D2D cluster, former optimization problem
The Channel Assignment Problems of middle D2D user can be changed into the Channel Assignment Problems of D2D cluster, use ymiIndicate D2D cluster channel multiplexing because
Son, ymi=1 indicates the channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i, ymi=0 expression D2D cluster m is not multiplexed phone user i's
Channel resource.Objective function in optimization problem (15), which can be changed, turns to the maximum cluster capacity for seeking single D2D cluster, when D2D cluster m is multiplexed
The channel resource of phone user i, i.e. ymiThere is K D2D user in=1, D2D cluster m, then D2D cluster m is multiplexed the channel of phone user i
Cluster capacity when resource are as follows:
The capacity of D2D cluster known to analysis mode (11) aboutSuccessively decrease, is meeting phone user's minimum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio
Under the premise of takeMinimum value when D2D cluster capacity aboutIt is optimal.P can be obtained by formula (6)i cLower bound are as follows:
The transmission power of D2D user is related in the energy acquisition time collected energy of institute with D2D transmitting terminal, by formula (8)
Known toIt is about θj,iFunction, define information transmission time variable:
The capacity expression of D2D user converts are as follows: Molecule and denominator all be close
In energy acquisition time θj,iFunction, useIndicate the maximum appearance when channel resource of m-th of D2D cluster multiplexing phone user i
Amount, it may be assumed that
The maximum cluster capacity of D2D cluster m can be acquired when following formula is set up:
Formula (12) and formula (13) are substituted into formula (15), the optimization problem for maximizing D2D cluster capacity can indicate are as follows:
Subject to:
tj,i≥1 (17)
Wherein, A=hijrthchjB/hiB, B=hijrthcN0hiB+N0, C=hijrthchkB/hiB+hkj, D=ξ PBShBj.It is excellent
Lagrangian of the change problem (16) about constraint condition (18) are as follows:
Wherein λ is Lagrange multiplier.It is non-cooperative game by the D2D user modeling of same channel resource is multiplexed, to D2D
For user j, in solution procedure, other D2D users can be considered as noise to its interference, to formula (20) ask respectively aboutAnd tj,iSecond order lead, obtain:
Wherein,Formula (23) and formula (24) are permanent less than 0,Be aboutAnd tJ, i's
Convex function,Solution be optimization problem (16) optimal solution.According to KKT condition, available D2D user sends power
With the optimal expression formula of information transmission time variable are as follows:
Wherein,
K D2D user in cluster when finding out D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i channel resource according to formula (23), (24)
tj,iValue substitutes into formula (14) and calculates updateValue, until formula (15) set up, obtain D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i channel
The optimal transmission power of D2D user when resourceWith optimal information time tranfer variableIt is calculated according to formula (12) and formula (13)
The optimal energy of the optimal transmission power of phone user i and D2D user acquisition when D2D cluster m is multiplexed the channel resource of phone user i
Time；The cluster capacity when channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i is calculated according to formula (11).It is multiple respectively to acquire M D2D cluster
Cluster capacity when with M phone user's channel resource is completed between D2D cluster and phone user's channel resource most using KM algorithm
Good matching obtains channel multiplexing factor matrix Y, according to channel multiplexing factor ymiValue calculate D2D user's total capacity.
In conclusion the present embodiment considers that the minimum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of phone user requires and collecting energy is to transmission power
Limitation carries out most optimal sorting to the transmission power of phone user and D2D user to maximize D2D user's total capacity as optimization aim
Match, and distributes reasonable channel for D2D user.
Fig. 3 is with D2D user's total capacity variation diagram when distance increases between D2D pairs, as can be seen from Figure 3 with D2D
The total capacity of the increase D2D user of distance is reducing between pair, this is because with the increase of distance between D2D pairs, link between D2D pairs
Channel gain reduce, cause the total capacity of D2D user to reduce；In addition it is also seen that the side of the present embodiment application from Fig. 3
Method can obtain better system performance compared with equal time allocation method used thereins.
Fig. 4 is with D2D user's total capacity variation diagram when D2D number of users increases, as can be seen from Figure 4 with D2D
The total capacity for increasing D2D user of logarithm is increasing, this is because increasing with D2D logarithm, more D2D users can be answered
It is communicated with the channel resource of phone user, increases the total capacity of D2D user.
Fig. 5 be with phone user's Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio threshold value increase when D2D user's total capacity variation diagram, can from Fig. 5
Out as the total capacity of the increase D2D user of phone user's Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio threshold value reduces, this is because the letter as phone user is dry
It makes an uproar when increasing than threshold value, D2D user, which must reduce, to be sent power and reduce the interference generated to phone user to meet phone user more
High quality of service requirement causes D2D user's total capacity to reduce.
Claims (6)
- Power control and method for channel allocation in 1.D2D system based on energy acquisition, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:1) with C=1,2 ..., i ..., M }, D=1,2 ..., j ..., N } and DR=1,2 ..., k ..., K } distinguish Indicate D2D user's collection of phone user's collection, D2D user's collection and multiplexing phone user i channel resource, wherein bee in M expression system Nest number of users, D2D user's logarithm in N expression system, K indicate D2D user's logarithm of multiplexing phone user i channel resource；2) the interference weight between D2D user and the interference weight of each D2D user are calculated according to the channel gain between D2D user With N number of D2D user is divided into M as the heuristic dynamic clustering method of target exploitation to minimize the common-channel interference between D2D user A D2D cluster indicates D2D gathering with DC={ 1,2 ..., m ... M }；3) it initializestj,i=2, whereinThe maximum when channel resource of phone user i is multiplexed for D2D cluster m Cluster capacity,For the transmission power of D2D user j (1≤j≤K) in D2D cluster m, variableθj,iIndicate D2D transmitting terminal The energy acquisition time；4) the transmission power and information transmission time variable of D2D user are calculated；5) K D2D user in cluster when finding out D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i channel resourcetj,iValue substitutes into formulaIt calculates and updatesValue；6) step 4 and step 5 are repeated until condition of convergence establishment, obtains D2D when the channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i The optimal transmission power of user jWith optimal information transmission time variable7) the optimal transmission power of phone user i and D2D user j when calculating the channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i Optimal energy acquisition time；8) the cluster capacity when channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user i is calculated9) it repeats step 3 to step 8 and finds out cluster capacity when M D2D cluster is multiplexed M phone user's channel resource respectively, compare The maximum value in M × M cluster capacity is obtained, by itself and cluster capacityPower of the difference as D2D cluster m and phone user i Weight obtains D2D cluster and phone user's channel resource after the weighted value between M D2D cluster and M phone user is substituted into KM algorithm Between channel multiplexing factor matrix Y；10) it is multiplexed cluster when M phone user's channel resource respectively according to the value of the channel multiplexing factor in matrix Y and M D2D cluster The total capacity of capability value calculating D2D user.
- 2. power control and method for channel allocation in D2D system according to claim 1 based on energy acquisition, feature Be: the transmission power of D2D user and the calculation formula of information transmission time variable are respectively in the step 4WithWherein A=hijrthchjB/hiB, B=hijrthcN0hiB+N0, C=hijrthchkB/hiB+hkj, D=ξ PBShBj,H in formulaj For the channel gain of D2D transmitting terminal j and the receiving end D2D j, hijTo be multiplexed between the phone user i and D2D receiving end j of same channel Channel gain, rthcIndicate the SINR threshold value of phone user, hkBFor the channel gain between D2D transmitting terminal k and base station, hiBFor bee Channel gain between nest user i and base station, N0Indicate the power spectral density of additive white Gaussian noise, hkjTo be multiplexed same channel Channel gain between D2D transmitting terminal k and D2D receiving end j, ξ ∈ (0,1) indicate the energy acquisition efficiency of D2D transmitting terminal, PBSIt indicates The transmission power of base station, hBjIndicate that the channel gain between base station and j-th of D2D transmitting terminal, T indicate that energy acquisition and information pass Defeated period total time.
- 3. power control and method for channel allocation in D2D system according to claim 1 based on energy acquisition, feature It is: the condition of convergence in the step 6 are as follows:Wherein ε is allowable error.
- 4. power control and method for channel allocation in D2D system according to claim 3 based on energy acquisition, feature Be: ε is a constant in the step 6, and value is ε=10-3。
- 5. power control and method for channel allocation in D2D system according to claim 1 based on energy acquisition, feature It is: according to formula in the step 7WithIt is multiple to calculate separately D2D cluster m With the optimal energy acquisition time of the optimal transmission power of phone user i and D2D user j when the channel resource of phone user i.
- 6. power control and method for channel allocation in D2D system according to claim 1 based on energy acquisition, feature It is: the cluster capacity in the step 8 when the channel resource of D2D cluster m multiplexing phone user iCalculation formula are as follows:
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| CN110784882A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-11 | 南京邮电大学 | Energy acquisition D2D communication resource allocation method based on reinforcement learning |
| CN110784882B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2022-06-28 | 南京邮电大学 | Energy acquisition D2D communication resource allocation method based on reinforcement learning |
| CN111586866A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-25 | 重庆邮电大学 | User fairness resource allocation method in cooperation D2D communication network based on SWIPT technology |
| CN111586866B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-05-03 | 重庆邮电大学 | User fairness resource allocation method in cooperation D2D communication network based on SWIPT technology |
| CN113891295A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-01-04 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Information sending method, device and equipment based on D2D technology |
| CN113891295B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-05-02 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Information sending method, device and equipment based on D2D technology |
| WO2023246504A1 (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2023-12-28 | 中移(成都)信息通信科技有限公司 | Processing method and apparatus, device, and storage medium |
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