CN110649583B - Inductance-resistance type direct current limiting device and method based on magnetic coupling enhancement characteristic - Google Patents
Inductance-resistance type direct current limiting device and method based on magnetic coupling enhancement characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN110649583B CN110649583B CN201910896390.8A CN201910896390A CN110649583B CN 110649583 B CN110649583 B CN 110649583B CN 201910896390 A CN201910896390 A CN 201910896390A CN 110649583 B CN110649583 B CN 110649583B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic coupling enhancement characteristic-based resistance-inductance type direct current limiting device and a method thereof1、L2(ii) a The double-pole double-throw switch S is closed at the b end and the d end and is in an inductive current-limiting normal operation state; the switch S is switched to the end a and the end c, and is in an inductive current-limiting short-circuit fault occurrence state; and the resistive element is arranged on the side of the a-end inductance coil of the switch S and used for realizing resistive-inductance common direct current limiting. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the characteristics of good current limiting effect, capability of simultaneously inputting inductance and resistance for current limiting, and high recovery speed after failure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power system protection, in particular to a resistance-inductance type direct current limiting method.
Background
The direct current fault protection of the flexible direct current system is a key technology for the development of the direct current system. In order to ensure safe and reliable operation of a direct current system, a direct current breaker of a flexible direct current system needs to rapidly act within a few milliseconds of occurrence of a direct current fault to reliably cut off a fault line, however, due to the fact that a direct current system has high fault current rising speed and high amplitude, the direct current breaker is difficult to rapidly cut off a line fault, a fault current limiter needs to be connected in series in a line to limit the rising speed and the amplitude of the fault current, and a sufficient margin is left for the direct current breaker to cut off the fault line. Although the technology of the direct current fault current limiter is continuously developed, the existing direct current fault current limiter at the present stage still has the defects of high manufacturing cost, low response speed, poor current limiting effect and the like, and is difficult to be applied to large scale. In view of this situation, it is necessary to make further research and study on the current limiting topology and principle of the dc current limiter.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the rising speed of fault current is too high and the short-circuit current is difficult to limit after the fault of a direct-current line occurs, the invention provides a resistance-inductance direct-current limiting device and method based on the magnetic coupling enhancement characteristic, and the resistance-inductance direct-current limiting function of commonly limiting current by an inductor and a resistor is realized.
The invention relates to a magnetic coupling enhancement characteristic-based inductance-resistance type direct current limiting device, which comprises a double-pole double-throw switch deviceSA resistance element and a pair of full-coupling inductance coils with equal self-inductance wound on the same iron coreL 1、L 2(ii) a The double-pole double-throw switch deviceSThe circuit current flows from the different name ends of the two coupling inductance coils respectively, and is in an inductance current-limiting normal operation state; the double-pole double-throw switch deviceSSwitching to the end a and the end c, enabling current to flow through the end with the same name of the coupling inductance coil, and enabling the current limiter to limit current through self inductance and mutual inductance of the coupling coil, wherein the current limiter is in an inductance current-limiting short-circuit fault occurrence state; the resistance element is arranged on the double-pole double-throw switch deviceSThe end a of the induction coil side is used for realizing resistance-inductance common direct current limiting.
The double-pole double-throw switchSIs replaced by the combination of a diode group and a direct current power supply module.
The resistive element is selected from a metal oxide film resistor or a high-power winding resistor.
The invention relates to a magnetic coupling enhancement characteristic-based resistance-inductance type direct current limiting method, which comprises a double-pole double-throw switch device S and a pair of full-coupling inductance coils with equal self-inductance wound on the same iron coreL 1、L 2The implementation is carried out; during normal operation, the double-pole double-throw switch deviceSClosed at the b terminal and the d terminal, and the line current is respectively from two coupled inductance coilsL 1、L 2The unlike ends of the current limiter flow in, magnetic fluxes are mutually offset, and the equivalent inductance of the current limiter is almost 0; after the short-circuit fault occurs, the switching deviceSSwitching to terminal a and terminal c, current flows through the coupled inductorL 1、L 2The current limiter is used for limiting current through self inductance and mutual inductance of the coupling coil; on the basis of inductive current limiting, the double-pole double-throw switch deviceSThe resistance element is arranged on the side of the inductance coil corresponding to the end a so as to realize the function of resistance-inductance common current limiting.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention only shows very small impedance in the normal operation state of the line, has small influence on the line and does not influence the current mutation of the direct current line current caused by power fluctuation. After the fault of the direct current line occurs, along with the increase of the direct current short-circuit current, the inductance and the impedance of the current limiter are rapidly increased, the short-circuit current is rapidly limited, and the current limiting response speed is high.
(2) Compared with the traditional current limiter which only utilizes the inductor or the resistor for current limiting, the current limiter not only can limit the rising rate and the peak value of the short-circuit current, but also can limit the steady-state short-circuit current, and has better current limiting effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topological diagram of a resistive-inductive DC current limiting device based on magnetic coupling enhancement characteristics according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the current flow path within the current limiter under normal conditions;
fig. 4 is a diagram of the current path inside the current limiter during a fault current rise phase;
fig. 5 is a diagram of the current path inside the current limiter during a fault current dip phase.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The embodiment is only an example, and is not used to limit the technical solution of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for implementing a magnetic coupling enhancement based resistive-inductive dc current limiting method according to the present invention. The current limiting method comprises a double-pole double-throw switch device S and a pair of full-coupling inductance coils with equal self-inductance wound on the same iron coreL 1、L 2And (5) realizing. Double-pole double-throw switch device in normal operationSThe current limiter is closed at the end b and the end d, line current flows in from the different name ends of the two coupling inductance coils respectively, magnetic fluxes are mutually offset, and the equivalent inductance of the current limiter is almost 0; double-pole double-throw switch device after short-circuit faultSAnd switching to the end a and the end c, wherein the current flows through the end with the same name of the coupling inductance coil, and the current limiter limits the current through the self inductance and the mutual inductance of the coupling coil. On the basis of inductive current limiting, the current limiting method also has the function of a double-pole double-throw switch deviceSAnd a resistive element is arranged on the side of the end a of the induction coil to realize the function of resistance-inductance common current limiting.
A magnetic coupling enhancement characteristic-based resistive-inductive direct current limiting method comprises the following steps: (1) 1 double-pole double-throw switch deviceS(ii) a (2) 1 pair of full-coupling inductance coils with equal self-inductance wound on the same iron coreL 1、L 2. The two identical fully-coupled inductance coilsL 1、L 2The mutual inductance M is similar to the self-inductance of the iron core and the iron core, and the ideal coupling coefficient is close to 100 percent. When double pole double throw switch deviceSWhen the circuit is closed at the two ends a and c, the inductance of the circuit is 0; when double pole double throw switch deviceSWhen closed at both ends b and d, the inductance of the circuit isL 1+L 2+2M。
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. As a feasible dc current limiter topology, the present embodiment represents only a wiring structure of one pole in the dc bipolar line. The circuit comprises a pair of coupling inductors, a direct current source and a protection circuit thereof, a resistive element and an H bridge type converter circuit. The circuits 3 and 4 in 4 bridge arms of the H-bridge type commutation branch are composed of a series diode group, and the other two bridge arm circuits 2 and 5 are respectively connected with a resistive element in series on the basis of the diode groupR aAnd a fully-controlled power semiconductor deviceT 1(IGBT switches are taken as an example for explanation).
The two fully-coupled inductance coil circuits 1 and 5 form a coupled inductance module, wherein the circuit 1 is positioned at the inlet of an H-bridge circuit, and the circuit 5 crosses the middle of the H-bridge; the self-inductances of the two are equal and the mutual inductance between the two is approximately equal to their self-inductance. The circuit 6 is formed by connecting a direct current source and the lightning arrester in parallel, wherein the direct current source is a current limiter and provides direct current with the amplitude slightly larger than the maximum load current of a line on which the current limiter is installed.
Taking the case that the direct current flows through the current limiter from left to right in normal operation as an example: when the DC line on which the current limiter is installed is in a normal operation state, the current flowing path of the DC current in the current limiter is a path marked with an alphabet as shown in FIG. 3, and the semiconductor switch is always suppliedT 1Guided communicationDue to the direct current supplied by the current sourceI bIs greater than the direct current flowing in the lineI dcDiodes on circuits 3 and 4D 3AndD 2conducting, diode on circuit 2 and circuit 5D 1AndD 4closed, direct line currenti dcRespectively from the inductanceL 1AndL 2the synonyms of (a) are flowing in, since the two are close to full coupling,i dcthe magnetic fluxes generated in the two inductors cancel each other out, the total inductance of the current limiter is close to 0, and the connection of the current limiter has no influence on the normal operation of the line.
Taking the dc line side of the current limiter as an example, the fault current flows to the path marked with an "x" as shown in fig. 4. When the direct current line has short-circuit fault, the fault current rises rapidly, and in the rising stage of the fault current, the IGBT switch T1 is always in a conducting state, because the fault current at the momenti fGreater than the current supplied by the DC current sourceI bThus, the diodes on circuits 3 and 4D 3AndD 2shut down and fault current is diverted through diodes on circuits 2 and 5D 1AndD 4conducting, secondary coupling inductorL 1、L 2The same-name ends of (1) flow in, and the magnetic potential directions generated on the iron core are the same and are superposed with each other. The equivalent current-limiting inductance of the current limiter is the sum of the self inductance of the two coupling coils and the mutual inductance between the two coupling coils, and besides, the resistanceR aAnd a fault loop is connected in series with the conduction of a diode on the circuit 2, the short-circuit current is simultaneously inhibited by the resistance and the inductance of the current limiter, and the rising speed is greatly reduced.
Further, the dc fault current will start to decrease after rising to the maximum value within several milliseconds, and during the decreasing phase of the fault current, the circulation path of the fault current in the current limiter is shown as the path marked with the "-" in fig. 5. During this phase, the DC fault currenti fIs still larger than the DC power supply currenti bTherefore, the circulation path of the fault current is not changed, but the short-circuit current is reduced to flow the fault currentFeeling ofL 2Current ofi L2Also begins to fall, so that the inductanceL 2The two ends generate an induced electromotive force in opposite directions, which causes the diode of the circuit 4D 2After conducting due to the forward voltage drop, the inductorL 2Is bypassed, current flowsi L2Flows through the loop formed by the circuit 4 and the circuit 5 and is not circulated through the line any more. At this time, due to the inductanceL 1AndL 2can be equivalent to a transformer with a rated transformation ratio of 1:1, so that the inductorL 1The voltage across the two terminals is also 0, corresponding to the inductanceL 1And meanwhile, the current is bypassed, the time constant of the attenuation of the fault current is reduced, the attenuation speed is greatly accelerated, and the circuit breaker can rapidly act to remove the fault.
Further, since the diode on the circuit 4 is turned on first, and the resistor is turned on at this timeR aWhen a fault current with larger amplitude flows, the two ends of the diode in the circuit 3 bear the fault currentR aThe resulting back voltage is still off, so the fault current continues to flow through the circuit 2 and the resistor is still limiting in the fault loop. Series resistive elementR aThe resistive element is selected from a metal oxide film resistor and a high-power winding resistor.
Furthermore, after the current limiting process is finished and the direct current breaker cuts off the fault line, the IGBT switch is suppliedT 1The signal is turned off and the signal is turned off,T 1after the circuit is switched off, the diodes in the circuit 2 and the circuit 3 are naturally conducted, and the inductorL 2In the resistorR aIn the above, the current limiter is restored to the state before the current limiting.
Coupling inductance in circuit 7L 2And the circuits 2, 3, 4 and 5 form a bridge circuit which is connected with a direct current source module in the circuit 6 in parallel and then is connected with a coupling inductor in the circuit 1L 1Are connected in series. The combination of the diode group and the DC power supply module in the circuits 2, 3, 4 and 5 replaces the realization of a double-pole double-throw switch deviceSThe function of (c).
This embodiment represents only one possible solution proposed by the current limiting method proposed by the present invention, and in fact, many similar current limiter topologies can be designed according to the current limiting method of the present invention.
The present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention has the following advantages:
1. the embodiment of the invention can lead the direct current of the line to flow through the synonym end of the coupling inductor when the line is in normal operation, the equivalent inductor can be almost ignored, and the current limiter has no influence on the normal operation of the line.
2. The embodiment of the invention can immediately respond at the moment of fault occurrence, automatically change the fault current circulation path, play a role in limiting current, and has high speed and high reliability.
3. According to the embodiment of the invention, after a fault occurs, two coupling inductors are connected into a fault loop in a mode of connecting homonymy ends in series for current limiting, the rising rate and the peak value of short-circuit current are limited by using the coupling inductors, and meanwhile, steady-state short-circuit current is limited by using a resistive element, so that the current limiting effect is good. In the reduction stage of the short-circuit current, the inductor is automatically bypassed, the reduction process of the short-circuit current is accelerated, the direct-current circuit breaker can conveniently and rapidly act to cut off a fault line, and the performance is excellent.
4. In the embodiment shown in the invention, a pair of coupling inductors are put in the fault current limiting stage, the self-inductance of the two coupling inductors and the mutual inductance between the two coupling inductors can be utilized to carry out current limiting together, the current limiting inductance is large, and the current limiting effect is good.
Claims (4)
1. A magnetic coupling enhancement characteristic-based resistance-inductance type direct current limiting device is characterized by comprising a double-pole double-throw switch device S, a resistance element and a pair of full-coupling inductance coils L with equal self-inductance wound on the same iron core1、L2(ii) a The double-pole double-throw switch device S is closed at the b end and the d end, and line current flows in from the synonym ends of the two coupling inductance coils respectively and is in an inductance current-limiting normal operation state; the double-pole double-throw switch device S is switched to the end a and the end c, current flows through the end with the same name of the coupling inductance coil, and the current limiter limits the current through the self inductance and the mutual inductance of the coupling coilThe current is in an inductive current-limiting short-circuit fault occurrence state; the resistance element is arranged on the side of an a-end inductance coil of the double-pole double-throw switch device S and used for realizing resistance-inductance common direct current limiting.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the double-pole double-throw switch device S is replaced by a combination of a diode group and a dc power supply module.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the resistive element is selected from a metal oxide film resistor or a high power winding resistor.
4. A magnetic coupling enhancement characteristic-based inductance-resistance type direct current limiting method is characterized in that the current limiting method comprises a double-pole double-throw switch device S and a pair of full-coupling inductance coils L with equal self-inductance wound on the same iron core1、L2The implementation is carried out; when the double-pole double-throw switch device S is normally operated, the double-pole double-throw switch device S is closed at the b end and the d end, and the line current is respectively transmitted from the two coupling inductance coils L1、L2The unlike ends of the current limiter flow in, magnetic fluxes are mutually offset, and the equivalent inductance of the current limiter is almost 0; after the short-circuit fault occurs, the switching device S is switched to the end a and the end c, and the current flows through the coupling inductance coil L1、L2The current limiter is used for limiting current through self inductance and mutual inductance of the coupling coil; on the basis of inductive current limiting, a resistive element is arranged on the side of an inductive coil corresponding to the end a of the double-pole double-throw switching device S, so that the function of resistive-inductive common current limiting is realized.
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| CN111431153A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-07-17 | 浙江科技学院 | Economical bridge type fault current limiter |
| CN112630640B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-02-22 | 西安交通大学 | DC circuit breaker synthesis test loop and method of two-level voltage source |
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| IT1391385B1 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2011-12-13 | Univ Bologna Alma Mater | SUPERCONDUCTIVE FAULT CURRENT LIMITER. |
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| CN103208386A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-17 | 浙江大学 | High-voltage direct-current circuit breaker based on double switches |
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