CN110646309B - Underwater material scouring plane effect experiment device and method - Google Patents
Underwater material scouring plane effect experiment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
- G01N3/567—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion by submitting the specimen to the action of a fluid or of a fluidised material, e.g. cavitation, jet abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater material scouring plane effect experimental device and method, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises an outer water tank, a base connected with the bottom of the outer water tank and a monitoring assembly arranged above the top of the outer water tank; the outer water tank is used for bearing fluid containing tracer particles, a bearing member is arranged on the wall of the outer water tank, the bearing member can be partially or completely immersed in the fluid, and an inner rotary drum is arranged in the outer water tank; a power device is arranged in the base and is in transmission connection with the inner rotary drum; the monitoring assembly includes a support member, a capture member suspended from the support member, and a visualization member disposed within the inner drum, the visualization member being connected to the support member by a guide rod. Through the technical scheme who uses this application, the mode through inner rotary drum autogyration produces and erodees, and the erosion action power is lastingly stable to be fit for the long period experiment to the device need not provide water circulating system more energy-conservation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material testing, in particular to an experimental device and method for a plane scouring effect of an underwater material.
Background
In the field of hydraulic structures, particularly in wading buildings such as dams, embankments and bridges, as part of the structures of the buildings are in underwater positions for a long time, long-term scouring and erosion of water flow to the buildings can be inevitably formed, so that the characteristics of surface materials of the buildings are changed, and key physical indexes such as elastic modulus, linear expansion coefficient and the like can be even influenced. At present, researchers are still in a very macroscopic stage with respect to the understanding of erosion characteristics by fluid flow patterns, and do not have a quantitative analysis device which can be used for theoretical basis and microscopic characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus and method for testing the erosion effect of an underwater material on a plane, so as to measure the erosion effect and the erosion condition of a fluid on the material.
Based on the above objects, in one aspect, the present invention provides an experiment apparatus for plane effect of underwater material scouring, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises an outer water tank, a base connected with the bottom of the outer water tank and a monitoring assembly arranged above the top of the outer water tank;
the outer water tank is used for carrying fluid containing tracer particles, the wall of the outer water tank is provided with at least one carrying member, the carrying member can be partially or completely immersed in the fluid, and an inner rotating drum is arranged in the outer water tank;
a power device is arranged in the base and is in transmission connection with the inner rotary drum;
the monitoring assembly includes a support member, at least one capture member suspended from the support member, and at least one visualization member disposed within the inner drum, the visualization member being connected to the support member by a guide rod.
In some embodiments, the bearing member comprises a flushing plate, a connecting rope and at least one counterweight, the connecting rope connects the flushing plate and the counterweight is suspended at the top end of the wall of the tank, the flushing plate partially or completely invades the fluid, the counterweight is provided with a connecting ring, and the counterweight is hung with the connecting rope or other counterweights through the connecting ring.
In some embodiments, the outer basin is a square basin; the inner rotary drum is cylindrical and is arranged at the central position of the outer water tank; the inner rotary drum is in transmission connection with the power device through an inner rotary drum fixer, and the inner rotary drum is in sealing fixed connection with the inner rotary drum fixer.
In some embodiments, the power device includes a metal base, a coil tightly wound on the metal base, and a rotor disposed in the metal base, wherein the coil is connected to an external power grid through a converter, and the rotor is in transmission connection with the inner rotary drum.
In some embodiments, the imaging member includes a bearing base, and a laser and a pyramid disposed on the bearing base, the laser horizontally irradiates a portion of the bearing member immersed in the fluid, the pyramid is disposed on an irradiation path of the laser, and the bearing base is fixedly connected to the guide rod.
In some embodiments, the capturing means comprises a high speed camera and a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod being fixedly connected with the support means, the high speed camera being adjustably connected to the other end of the connecting rod.
In some embodiments, the device further comprises fan blades, wherein the inner drum wall is provided with an interface, and the fan blades are detachably arranged on the inner drum wall through the interface.
In some embodiments, a length adjuster is provided on the guide bar, the length adjuster making the guide bar length adjustable.
In some embodiments, the support member is suspended from the external support structure by a connecting line.
On the other hand, the invention also provides an experiment method for the underwater material scouring plane effect, which comprises the following steps:
injecting fluid containing tracer particles into the outer water tank;
electrifying the device to enable a power device in the base to generate an electromagnetic field and drive the inner rotary drum to rotate, wherein the inner rotary drum drives the fluid to rotate to scour the underwater material on the bearing member;
irradiating the fluid with a visualization member of the monitoring assembly connected to the support member by a guide rod to produce a visual change in the tracer particles irradiated into the fluid;
capturing an image of the visual change in the tracer particles and the underwater material using a capture member of the monitoring assembly suspended from the support member, the image being transmitted to a remote display device for display.
From the above, the device and method for testing the planar effect of underwater material scouring provided by the invention comprise: the device comprises an outer water tank, a base connected with the bottom of the outer water tank and a monitoring assembly arranged above the top of the outer water tank; the outer water tank is used for bearing fluid containing tracer particles, a bearing member is arranged on the wall of the outer water tank, the bearing member can be partially or completely immersed in the fluid, and an inner rotary drum is arranged in the outer water tank; a power device is arranged in the base and is in transmission connection with the inner rotary drum; the monitoring assembly includes a support member, a capture member suspended from the support member, and a visualization member disposed within the inner drum, the visualization member being connected to the support member by a guide rod. Through the technical scheme who uses this application, the mode through interior rotary drum autogyration produces and erodees, and the erosion action power is stable suitable for the long period experiment lastingly to the device need not provide water circulating system more energy-conservation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater material scouring plane effect experimental device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus for a plane effect of underwater material scouring provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an experimental method for the effect of the underwater material scouring surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a theoretical fluid velocity field effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing two entities with the same name but different names or different parameters, and it should be noted that "first" and "second" are merely for convenience of description and should not be construed as limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, and they are not described in any more detail in the following embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As mentioned in the background, the erosion period of the underwater structure by the water body is generally long, and therefore, it is difficult to experimentally simulate and study the system. Current erosion and experimental apparatus who erodees adopt flowing water to erode the experimental material usually, and this type of experimental apparatus's problem has three: firstly, the velocity of the water flow hardly ensures a steady state, and turbulence which is difficult to quantitatively analyze is often formed, so that experimental variables are difficult to effectively control; secondly, because the scouring experiment period is long, the experiment device adopts flowing water and utilizes a water pump for cyclic utilization, and the experiment energy consumption is often high; third, analysis of experimental data can only be localized on a macroscopic level, and it is difficult to provide simplified and basic experimental data to support theoretical studies. In view of the above problems, it is necessary to find a scouring experiment device which can provide laminar flow characteristic scouring with low energy consumption and record the flow state thereof, and it is a necessary condition for theoretical and close-range research, not only in the direction of the efforts of engineering technicians, but also for the intensive research on the scouring and erosion problems of underwater buildings and improving the material performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the application discloses an experimental device and method for the plane effect of underwater material scouring, wherein a power device drives an inner rotary drum to rotate automatically, so that fluid between an outer water tank and the inner rotary drum is driven to flow, and therefore lasting and stable scouring is provided for experimental materials arranged on a bearing member of the wall of the outer water tank. In addition, the flow state of the water flow is recorded through the developing component, the underwater tracing particles and the capturing component, so that the influence of the water flow state on the material erosion effect can be analyzed through image processing.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present description are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus for a plane effect of underwater material scouring in this embodiment is shown, and the experimental apparatus for a plane effect of underwater material scouring specifically includes: the device comprises an outer water tank 1, a base 2 connected with the bottom of the outer water tank 1 and a monitoring component 3 arranged above the top of the outer water tank 1;
the outer water tank 1 is used for carrying a fluid 4 containing tracer particles, the wall of the outer water tank 1 is provided with at least one carrying member 5, the carrying member 5 can be partially or completely immersed in the fluid 4, and an inner rotating cylinder 6 is arranged in the outer water tank 1;
a power device 7 is arranged in the base 2, and the power device 7 is in transmission connection with the inner rotary drum 6;
the monitoring assembly 3 comprises a support member 8, at least one capturing member 9 suspended from the support member 8, and at least one visualization member 10 arranged inside the inner drum 6, the visualization member 10 being connected to the support member 8 by a guide rod 11.
It can be seen that in this embodiment the outer trough is primarily used for carrying fluid, and can carry parts on its walls and an inner drum is provided in the middle. The visible external sink can take a wide variety of forms, such as: a square channel configuration, a cylindrical channel configuration, or an elliptical channel configuration, among others. The fluid carried may be various liquids used for experiments, such as: water, various reagents, various solutions capable of simulating an experimental environment, emulsions or turbid liquids, and the like. Meanwhile, the bearing component is used for bearing experimental materials, and the connection mode of the bearing component and the wall of the outer water tank can be that the bearing component is hung on the wall of the outer water tank, fixed on the wall of the outer water tank through a buckle, inserted and connected with the wall of the outer water tank through a bolt and the like; the connection mode of the bearing component and the experimental material can be that the bearing component is hung on the bearing component, is fixed on the bearing component through a buckle, is adsorbed on the bearing component through magnetic force and the like; in addition, one or more load-bearing members can be arranged according to the test requirement. The inner rotary drum is used for driving the fluid in the outer water tank and enabling the fluid to form a flow state, the shape of the inner rotary drum can be cylindrical, square, wavy and the like, the shape of the inner rotary drum can drive the fluid, and the formed flow state can be laminar flow or turbulent flow.
The shape of the base for carrying the outer tub may be a cylindrical shape or a square shape having the same size as the outer tub, a cylindrical shape or a square shape having a larger size than the outer tub, or a bracket for carrying only the outer tub. The power device is arranged in the base and used for providing power for the rotation of the inner rotary drum, and the power device can be a device which can provide rotary power for a common motor, an electromagnetic induction device and the like. The power device is connected with the inner rotary drum in a transmission way, and the connection mode can be direct connection, connection through a transmission rod or connection through a transmission bearing, a gear and the like.
The detection assembly is used for imaging and recording fluid state, experimental materials and mutual influence of the fluid state and the experimental materials, the form of the detection assembly can be that infrared imaging particles exist in fluid, and an infrared camera is used for directly shooting and recording water; laser imaging particles are present in the fluid, the particles are imaged with a laser and captured with a camera, etc.
The detection assembly in the scheme comprises a supporting member for supporting and bearing other members in the detection assembly, the detection assembly is made of metal, inorganic materials, organic materials and the like, and the detection assembly can be square plates, circular plates, square frames, circular frames and the like.
The capturing members may be provided in plural numbers corresponding to the number of the carrying members for capturing the picture, and may be a camera, a video camera, or the like, which may be hung from the supporting member by a metal rod, a steel wire, or the like.
The development component can be provided with a plurality of display components, the number of the display components corresponds to that of the bearing component, the display components are used for displaying fluid states of fluids and the like, the display components can be instruments which can display trace particles, such as lasers, infrared emitters and the like, and the display components are connected with the bearing component in a mode that: directly connected with the supporting member through a metal rod; the developing component is connected with the tray through the metal rod, and the developing component is supported by the tray; by a rotatable guide rod with a rotatable visualization member, etc.
From the above, the experiment apparatus for the underwater material scouring plane effect provided by the invention comprises: the device comprises an outer water tank, a base connected with the bottom of the outer water tank and a monitoring assembly arranged above the top of the outer water tank; the outer water tank is used for bearing fluid containing tracer particles, a bearing member is arranged on the wall of the outer water tank, the bearing member can be partially or completely immersed in the fluid, and an inner rotary drum is arranged in the outer water tank; a power device is arranged in the base and is in transmission connection with the inner rotary drum; the monitoring assembly includes a support member, a capture member suspended from the support member, and a visualization member disposed within the inner drum, the visualization member being connected to the support member by a guide rod. Through the technical scheme who uses this application, the mode through inner rotary drum autogyration produces and erodees, and the erosion action power is lastingly stable to be fit for the long period experiment to the device need not provide water circulating system more energy-conservation.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the bearing member 5 includes a flushing plate 5-1, a connecting rope 5-2 and at least one counterweight 5-3, the connecting rope 5-2 connects the flushing plate 5-1 and the counterweight 5-3 is suspended at the top end of the tank wall, the flushing plate 5-1 is partially or completely immersed in the fluid 4, the counterweight 5-3 is provided with a connecting ring 5-4, and the counterweight 5-3 is suspended with the connecting rope 5-2 or other counterweights 5-3 through the connecting ring 5-4. Through this kind of setting, can be according to the weight of the nimble adjustment counter weight of experimental material, and then make the washing board and the counter weight of cell wall both sides keep weight balance through connecting the rope, such setting can carry out nimble dismantlement to load-bearing member simultaneously, more convenience of customers carries out the installation and dismantlement of experimental material.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the outer water tank 1 is a square water tank; the inner rotating cylinder 6 is cylindrical and is arranged at the center of the outer water tank 1, the inner rotating cylinder 6 is in transmission connection with the power device 7 through an inner rotating cylinder fixer 6-1, and the inner rotating cylinder 6 is in sealing fixed connection with the inner rotating cylinder fixer 6-1. Through the arrangement, the fluid can generate the laminar flow effect when the inner rotary drum rotates, the speed of the water flow is kept in a stable state, and the formation of turbulent flow which is difficult to quantitatively analyze is avoided, so that experimental variables can be effectively controlled. Make interior rotary drum keep more stable selection through setting up interior rotary drum fixer, adopt sealed fixed connection's mode simultaneously, make interior rotary drum inside keep dry to guarantee the steady operation of other equipment.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the power device 7 comprises a metal base 7-1, a coil 7-2 tightly wound on the metal base 7-1, and a rotor 7-3 arranged in the metal base 7-1, wherein the coil 3-2 is connected with an external power grid through a converter 7-4, and the rotor 7-3 is in transmission connection with the inner drum 6. Through the arrangement, the whole power device can generate an electromagnetic induction effect, the middle rotor rotates under the influence of a magnetic field and drives the inner rotary drum to rotate, and the alternating current of an external power grid is converted into direct current through the converter, so that the coil and the metal base generate electromagnetic induction magnetic induction wires 14.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the developing member 10 includes a supporting base 10-3, and a laser 10-1 and a pyramid 10-2 disposed on the supporting base 10-3, the laser 10-1 horizontally irradiates a portion of the supporting member 5 immersed in the fluid 4, the pyramid 10-2 is disposed in an irradiation path of the laser 10-1, and the supporting base 10-3 is fixedly connected to the guide rod 11. Through the arrangement, the tracer particles in the fluid can be effectively developed, laser emitted by the laser is diffused into a fan-shaped laser radiation surface through the pyramid, the fluid in a larger range can be irradiated, the whole laser and the pyramid are kept in a horizontal state through the bearing base, the flow state condition on a horizontal plane displayed by the tracer particles can be realized, and the analysis of data is more facilitated, wherein as shown in fig. 2, the laser 10-1 forms the laser radiation surface 15 through the pyramid 10-2.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the capturing means 9 comprises a high-speed camera 9-1 and a connecting rod 9-2, one end of the connecting rod 9-2 is fixedly connected with the supporting means 8, and the high-speed camera 9-1 is adjustably connected to the other end of the connecting rod 9-2. Through the arrangement, the high-speed camera can be kept in a vertical state and can quickly capture the instantaneous change of the fluid, the change of the fluid is converted into a picture with high resolution to be stored for later analysis, the height of the high-speed camera can be adjusted, the requirement of different water levels and different material flushing positions can be met, as shown in fig. 2, the height of a shooting range 16 of the high-speed camera 9-1 can be freely adjusted, and images shot by the high-speed camera 9-1 are transmitted to a remote display device 13 to be displayed. In addition, the connecting rod can be a metal rod, a plastic rod and the like.
In an optional embodiment, the device further includes fan blades, an interface is disposed on the cylinder wall of the inner drum, and the fan blades are detachably disposed on the cylinder wall through the interface. Through the arrangement, the influence of laminar flow scouring and turbulent flow scouring on the material can be compared, and then a control experiment is carried out. The shape of the fan blade can be various shapes which can drive water flow to move, for example: the position of the interface can be the upper side of the cylinder wall or the middle of the cylinder wall, so long as the function of fixing the fan blades can be achieved and the laminar flow experiment is not influenced.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the guide bar 11 is provided with a length adjuster 11-1, and the length adjuster 11-1 enables the guide bar 11 to be adjustable in length. Through the arrangement, the length of the guide rod can be flexibly adjusted, and the imaging component connected with the lower end of the guide rod can flexibly move up and down, so that the device is suitable for different water levels and different material scouring positions.
In an alternative embodiment, shown with reference to fig. 2, the support member 8 is suspended from the outer support structure 12 by a connecting line 8-1. Where the external support structure is typically a horizontal fixed structure above the installation, such as a ceiling, roof beam or the like. By the arrangement, the supporting member can be kept horizontal and stable, so that the display member suspended on the supporting member is kept horizontal, and the capturing member is kept vertical, thereby being beneficial to displaying the tracer particles and capturing a display image; in addition, the space and the building material cost can be saved.
In a specific application scenario, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the underwater material scouring plane effect experimental device mainly comprises three parts: monitoring component 3, outer basin 1 and base 2. The outer water tank 1 comprises an inner rotary drum 6, an inner rotary drum fixer 6-1, a flushing plate 5-1 and a fixing device connecting rope 5-2, a connecting ring 5-4, a balance weight 5-3 and the like, the part is mainly used for bearing a main body of an experimental object, and the self-rotation of the inner rotary drum 6 drives the water flow speed in the outer water tank 1, so that the experimental materials in the flushing plate 5-1 are continuously and stably flushed. The monitoring component 3 comprises a laser 10-1, a pyramid 10-2, a high-speed camera 9-1, a connecting rod 9-2, a bearing base 10-3, a guide rod 11, a supporting member 8, a connecting line 8-1 and other connecting bearing structures, and the monitoring component is mainly used for monitoring and recording a water flow speed field and a flow state acting on a scoured material. The base 2 includes a power device 7 inside the base and connection and support fittings, etc., which function to power the self-rotation of the inner rotary drum 6, thereby providing uniform and continuous washing of the test material. The power device 7 comprises a metal base 7-1, a coil 7-2, a rotor 7-3 and a converter 7-4.
In the outer water tank 1, an inner rotary drum 6 is a hollow cylinder made of transparent organic glass material and provided with an opening at the upper end, the diameter of the end face of the cylinder is 50 cm-70 cm, the height of the cylinder is 100 cm-140 cm, the wall thickness of the cylinder is 1.5 cm-2.5 cm, and the cylinder is fixed on a rotatable rotor 7-3 through an inner rotary drum fixer 6-1; the outer water tank 1 is a cube made of transparent organic glass material and provided with an opening at the upper end, the side length of the bottom surface of the cube is 100 cm-140 cm, the height of the cube is 100 cm-140 cm, and the wall thickness of the cube is 2.5 cm-3.5 cm; the punching plate 5-1 is used for installing a material to be tested, is connected with the counterweight 5-3 through a connecting rope 5-2, and controls the vertical position of the punching plate 5-1 by adjusting the length of the connecting rope 5-2; the number of the counter weights 5-3 is 1-5, the single mass is adjusted according to the weight of the experimental material to be tested, and the counter weights are connected with each other through connecting rings 5-4 and the number of the counter weights is increased or decreased; the connecting rope 5-2 is a hot galvanizing steel wire rope with a structure of 2 x 7, the product specification is 1 x 72 mm-3mm, and the diameter of the rope is 4 mm-6 mm; the outer surface of the inner rotary drum 6 is provided with interfaces for adding fan blades, when the experiment aims at researching the scouring effect of laminar flow, the surface of the inner rotary drum 6 is kept smooth, and when the experiment aims at researching the sand scouring effect of water in turbulent flow state on experimental materials, fan blades are arranged at the interfaces, so that the simulation of different flow states is realized; the fan sheet can be of a plastic structure, 2-5 fan sheets can be installed on the same horizontal layer, the width is 5-20cm, and the length is 5-30 cm.
In the monitoring component 3, lasers 10-1 are 2-4 in number, the power is 5 KW-20 KW, emitted light is green light with the wavelength of 532nm, and the lasers are fixed on a plastic carrier through screwsOn the base 10-3, the light beam emitted by the laser 10-1 is adjusted by the pyramid 10-2, and the shape of the light beam is changed from a linear shape to a sector. The pyramid 10-2 can select a model with a diffusion angle of 30-60 degrees according to experimental requirements; the load bearing base 10-3 is secured to the support member 8 by guide rods 11. The guide rod 11 is provided with a length adjuster 11-1, so that the length of the guide rod 11 can be adjusted according to experimental needs, and the vertical height of the laser 10-1 and the pyramid 10-2 can be further adjusted. The support member 8 is fixed to the external support structure 12 by the connecting line 8-1, and the external support structure 12 is fixed, so that space and building material cost are saved. The connecting wire 8-1 is a hot galvanizing steel wire rope with the structure of 7 x 7, the specification of the product is 1 x 72 mm-3mm, and the diameter of the rope is 14 mm-21 mm. The high-speed camera 9-1 is fixed on the supporting member 8 through a connecting rod 9-2, wherein the number of shooting frames per second is not less than 200fps, and the number of pixels is not less than 1280 × 720 plx. The green beam emitted by the laser 10-1 passes through the pyramid 10-2, and the light is converted from a beam into a fan, which illuminates the entire image capture surface of the high-speed camera 9-1. The diameter of the tracer particle is 5-20 um, and the tracer particle has strong ability of refracting light when placed in water, and the density is 998kg/m3And the density of the floating water body is basically consistent with that of the water body, so that the floating water body can be fully floated in water, and the motion track of the floating water body is consistent with that of the water body. The movement track of the tracer particles is shot through laser, the flow state of water in the inner rotary drum is obtained, and then the influence of the flow state of the water body on the underwater material scouring is obtained.
In the power device 7 part, a coil 7-2 is wound on a metal base 7-1 and is connected with a 220V alternating current power supply through a converter 7-4. The converter 7-4 is used for converting alternating current into direct current. The rotor 7-3 is a stainless steel cylinder with a smooth surface, the end face of the rotor is the same as the end face of the inner rotary drum 6, the diameter of the rotor is about 50 cm-70 cm, the height of the rotor is 2-3 times of the diameter of the rotor, the upper end of the rotor is connected with the inner rotary drum 6 through the inner rotary drum fixer 6-1, and the lower end of the rotor is a free surface. After the power supply is switched on, under the action of electromagnetic induction, the rotor 7-3 rotates around the circle center automatically, and then the inner rotary drum fixer 6-1 and the inner rotary drum 6 are driven to rotate synchronously.
In this concrete embodiment scheme, the principle through electromagnetic induction drives interior rotary drum autogyration to drive the rivers between outer basin and the interior rotary drum and flow, thereby for settling the test material that erodees on the board of outer basin inner wall provide lasting stable erodeing. In addition, the flow state of the water flow is recorded through a laser, a pyramid, underwater tracer particles and a high-speed camera, so that the influence of the water flow state on the material erosion effect can be analyzed through image processing. The scheme is characterized in that: firstly, scouring is generated in a mode of self-rotation of an inner rotary drum, the erosion acting force is lasting and stable, the device is suitable for long-period tests, and a water circulation system does not need to be provided for the device, so that energy is saved; secondly, the inner rotary drum in the water tank is driven to rotate by the electromagnetic force generated by the power device arranged outside the water tank, so that the waterproof problem of underwater live equipment and the sealing problem of an outer water tank pipeline can be effectively avoided; thirdly, the rotating speed of the inner rotating cylinder is adjusted to enable the flow state to keep laminar flow, the test variable can be controlled more conveniently through the particle image velocimetry technology, tracking records are carried out on the microcosmic flow state, and therefore a data basis is provided for theoretical analysis; and fourthly, installing fan blades on the surface of the inner rotary drum through the interface to generate a turbulent flow state, so that the turbulent flow state can be compared with a laminar flow test for observation.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides an experimental method for the underwater material scouring plane effect, which specifically comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 3:
303 irradiating the fluid by using an imaging member connected with the supporting member through a guide rod in the monitoring assembly to enable the tracer particles in the irradiated fluid to generate visual changes;
capturing the visual change of the tracer particles and the image of the underwater material by using a capturing member suspended on the supporting member in the monitoring assembly, and transmitting the image to a remote display device for displaying in step 304.
In a specific application scenario, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the base 2 and the power device 7 therein are assembled, and the outer water tank 1, the inner rotary drum holder 6-1 and the inner rotary drum 6 are installed.
Fixing a test material to be tested on the flushing plates 5-1, selecting 1-4 flushing plates 5-1 according to test requirements, and respectively fixing the flushing plates 5-1 at positions required by the test by adjusting the length of the connecting ropes 5-2 and the number of the balance weights 5-3. Alternatively, each of the flushing plates 5-1 should be located on a different side of the cubic outer basin 1, respectively.
The installation monitoring assembly 3 comprises a connecting line 8-1, a supporting member 8, a guide rod 11 and a connecting rod 9-2, and the laser 10-1 and the pyramid 10-2 are fixed on the guide rod 11 through a bearing base 10-3; the length of the guide rod 11 is adjusted by the length adjuster 11-1, so that the vertical height of the bearing base 10-3 is adjusted, and the light range 15 of the laser 10-1 and the pyramid 10-2 covers the whole flushing plate 5-1. The high-speed camera 9-1 is arranged on the connecting rod 9-2, and the shooting range 16 of the high-speed camera is adjusted by adjusting the height of the connecting rod 9-2 and the focal length of the high-speed camera 9-1.
Water is injected into the outer water tank 1 to a position higher than the upper boundary of the scouring plate 5-1 by at least 10cm, so that the influence of the surface fluctuation of the water body on the experimental effect is reduced, tracer particles with the same density as water are added underwater, and the diameter of the tracer particles can be 5-20 um according to the condition of a camera lens.
The power device 7 is powered on, the current and the voltage output by the converter 7-4 are adjusted, so that the magnetic field intensity generated by the metal base 7-1 and the coil 7-2 is adjusted, the rotating speed of the rotor 7-3 is adjusted, and the scouring intensity of water on the scouring plate 5-1 is finally controlled, as shown in fig. 4, the effect schematic diagram of the theoretical fluid speed field is shown.
The high-speed camera 9-1 is turned on, the shooting frequency per second and the number of pixels are set, and image data is recorded on the remote display device 13 in real time. And setting the shooting time length according to the requirement, and processing the image after the test is finished.
The method of the above embodiment is used for applying the corresponding device in the foregoing embodiment, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding device embodiment, which are not described herein again.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the idea of the invention, also features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
The embodiments of the invention are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An experimental device for underwater material scouring planar effect, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises an outer water tank, a base connected with the bottom of the outer water tank and a monitoring assembly arranged above the top of the outer water tank;
the outer water tank is used for bearing fluid containing tracer particles, the wall of the outer water tank is provided with at least one bearing member, the bearing member can be partially or completely immersed in the fluid, and a transparent inner rotary drum is arranged in the outer water tank;
a power device is arranged in the base and is in transmission connection with the inner rotary drum;
the monitoring assembly comprises a supporting member, at least one capturing member suspended on the supporting member, and at least one display member arranged in the inner rotating cylinder, wherein the display member is connected with the supporting member through a guide rod;
the imaging component comprises a bearing base, a laser and a pyramid, wherein the laser and the pyramid are arranged on the bearing base, the laser horizontally irradiates the part of the bearing component immersed in the fluid, the pyramid is arranged on the irradiation path of the laser, and the bearing base is fixedly connected with the guide rod; the capturing component comprises a high-speed camera and a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the supporting component, and the high-speed camera is adjustably connected to the other end of the connecting rod.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carrying member comprises a flushing plate, a connecting rope and at least one counterweight, the connecting rope connects the flushing plate and the counterweight is suspended on the top end of the tank wall, the flushing plate is partially or completely immersed in the fluid, the counterweight is provided with a connecting ring, and the counterweight is hooked with the connecting rope or other counterweights through the connecting ring.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outer basin is a square basin; the inner rotary drum is cylindrical and is arranged at the central position of the outer water tank; the inner rotating cylinder is in transmission connection with the power device through an inner rotating cylinder fixer, and the inner rotating cylinder is in sealing fixed connection with the inner rotating cylinder fixer.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power device comprises a metal base, a coil tightly wound on the metal base, and a rotor disposed in the metal base, wherein the coil is connected to an external power grid through a converter, and the rotor is in transmission connection with the inner rotary drum.
5. The device of claim 1, further comprising a fan blade, wherein the inner drum has an interface disposed on a wall thereof, and the fan blade is detachably disposed on the wall via the interface.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the guide bar is provided with a length adjuster that allows the guide bar to be length-adjusted.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the support member is suspended from an external support structure by a connecting line.
8. An experimental method for the effect of a submerged material flush surface using the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
injecting fluid containing tracer particles into the outer water tank;
electrifying the device to enable a power device in the base to generate an electromagnetic field and drive the inner rotary drum to rotate, wherein the inner rotary drum drives the fluid to rotate to scour the underwater material on the bearing member;
irradiating the fluid with a visualization member of the monitoring assembly connected to the support member by a guide rod to produce a visual change in the tracer particles irradiated into the fluid;
capturing an image of the visual change in the tracer particles and the underwater material using a capture member of the monitoring assembly suspended from the support member, the image being transmitted to a remote display device for display.
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