CN110646196A - Large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed - Google Patents
Large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN110646196A CN110646196A CN201910954440.3A CN201910954440A CN110646196A CN 110646196 A CN110646196 A CN 110646196A CN 201910954440 A CN201910954440 A CN 201910954440A CN 110646196 A CN110646196 A CN 110646196A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/022—Power-transmitting couplings or clutches
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/025—Test-benches with rotational drive means and loading means; Load or drive simulation
- G01M13/026—Test-benches of the mechanical closed-loop type, i.e. having a gear system constituting a closed-loop in combination with the object under test
Abstract
The invention relates to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed, which comprises: the device comprises a driving device, a testing device, a pre-torque-applying device, a corner adjusting device and a test bed; the drive device includes: the device comprises a motor I, a stepped shaft I, a sliding gear, a shifting fork, a connecting rod I, a crank, a stepped shaft II and a motor II; the test device comprises: the device comprises a stepped shaft III, a cylindrical gear I, a cylindrical gear II, a torque sensor I, a universal coupling I and a torque sensor II; the pre-torquing device comprises: step shaft IV, cylindrical gear III, cylindrical gear IV and in the same direction as contrary freewheel clutch I, corner adjusting device includes: rocking plate, step shaft V, cylindrical gear V, universal joint II, step shaft VI, cylindrical gear VI, same direction as or contrary different speed clutch II, connecting rod II, bent axle, bevel gear axle and motor III, the test bench includes: an upper test bed and a lower test bed; the universal joint has the remarkable advantages of low power consumption, simplicity in operation, high automation degree and stepless angle adjustment of the universal joint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of testing transmission efficiency, torque, speed and the like of a duplex universal coupling, in particular to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed.
Background
At present, in the field of efficiency testing of universal couplings, manual work and a load increasing mode are often used for carrying out the efficiency testing of the universal couplings, the error is large, the time consumption is high, the testing is carried out by the load increasing mode, and the defects of high consumption energy, inconvenience in operation, few angle adjusting stages and the like are overcome; in addition, the angle adjusting device adopts plane swing, as shown in a simplified structure diagram of fig. 12, when the angle deflection occurs, the distances a and b are different, so that the parallel distance of the whole loop is changed, the gears cannot be meshed and cannot normally transmit, or the plane adjustment is performed by adopting expansion and contraction, so that the transmission precision is low; in order to overcome the difficulties, the invention provides the large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed which has the advantages of low power consumption, simplicity in operation, high automation degree, stepless angle adjustment of the universal coupling and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of how to realize the functions of reducing power consumption, simple operation, high automation degree, stepless angle adjustment of the universal coupling and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed, which comprises: the device comprises a driving device, a testing device, a pre-torque-applying device, a corner adjusting device and a test bed; the driving device is connected with the test bed through a bearing seat, and a sliding gear of the driving device is meshed with a cylindrical gear I in the test device and a cylindrical gear III in the pre-torque-adding device through sliding; the testing device is connected with the test bed through a bearing seat, the testing device is connected with a cylindrical gear IV in the pre-torsion device through a cylindrical gear II, and a universal coupling I in the testing device is connected with a stepped shaft V in the corner adjusting device through a rigid coupling; the pre-torque-applying device is connected with the test bed through a bearing seat, and an output shaft of a forward-reverse differential clutch I in the pre-torque-applying device is connected with an input shaft of a universal coupling II in the corner adjusting device through a rigid coupling; a rocker plate in the corner adjusting device is connected with the test bed through a small stepped shaft, a crankshaft in the corner adjusting device is connected with the test bed through a bearing seat, and a motor III in the corner adjusting device is fixed on the test bed through a bolt; the testing device, the pre-torque-applying device and the corner adjusting device are connected with each other to form a closed loop; the pre-torquing device replaces the load application of the tested single-coupling three-fork universal coupling by a method of pre-torquing the whole loop; the test bed is fixed on a ground foundation by a foundation bolt; the test stand includes: the device comprises an upper test bed and a lower test bed which are cast and processed, wherein the upper test bed is fixed on the lower test bed through bolts, a driving device, a testing device, a pre-torque device and a corner adjusting device are arranged in the test bed, an operation panel is arranged on the lower test bed, and switches of a motor I, a motor II and a motor III are arranged on the operation panel.
Further, the driving device includes: the device comprises a motor I, a stepped shaft I, a sliding gear, a shifting fork, a connecting rod I, a crank, a stepped shaft II and a motor II; the motor I is connected with the stepped shaft I through a rigid coupler and is fixed on the test bed through a bolt; the sliding gear is arranged in a key groove on the stepped shaft I through a sliding key to realize axial sliding along the key groove; the stepped shaft I is fixed on the side wall of the test bed through a bearing seat; one end of the shifting fork is arranged at the groove of the sliding gear, the hole at the other end is sleeved on a beam connected with the test bed, a section of cylindrical surface is processed at the rod part of the shifting fork, semicircles at two ends of the connecting rod I are connected with a rod at the middle part of the connecting rod through bolts, a bush is arranged in the connecting hole, one connecting hole is connected with the shifting fork through the cylindrical surface on the shifting fork and is not limited in the circumferential direction, both ends of the crank are provided with a through hole, one through hole is connected with the other connecting hole of the connecting rod I through a small step shaft, the connecting rod I is fixed on the small step shaft without relative movement, the crank is sleeved on the small step shaft in a hollow way, the other through hole of the crank is connected with the motor II through the step shaft II and a rigid coupling, the step shaft II is fixed on the test bed through a, the shifting fork, the connecting rod I and the crank form a crank sliding block mechanism, and the sliding gear is driven by the shifting fork to move in the key groove part of the stepped shaft I along the axial direction; when the torque needs to be pre-applied, the motor II rotates to drive the crank and the connecting rod I to rotate so as to drive the shifting fork and the sliding gear to move, the sliding gear is meshed with a cylindrical gear III in the pre-application torque device, and the motor I is started to drive the stepped shaft I and the sliding gear to rotate so as to pre-apply the torque in a shafting and close the motor I when the torque requirement is met; when a test is carried out, the motor II rotates to drive the crank and the connecting rod I to rotate, so that the shifting fork and the sliding gear are driven to move, the sliding gear is meshed with the cylindrical gear I in the test device, the motor I is started to drive the stepped shaft I and the sliding gear to rotate, so that the stepped shaft I in the test device is driven to rotate, and the motor I is closed when the test is finished.
Further, the test device includes: the device comprises a stepped shaft III, a cylindrical gear I, a cylindrical gear II, a torque sensor I, a universal coupling I and a torque sensor II; the stepped shaft III is connected with the side wall of the test bed through a bearing seat; one axial end of the cylindrical gear I is positioned by the shoulder of the stepped shaft III, the cylindrical gear I is positioned by a key in the circumferential direction, the other end of the cylindrical gear I is positioned by a bearing seat of a shaft sleeve, one axial end of the cylindrical gear II is positioned by the shaft collar of the stepped shaft III, the other axial end of the cylindrical gear II is pressed by double nuts, and the cylindrical gear I is connected with the stepped shaft III by the key in the circumferential direction; the torque sensor I measures the torque of an input shaft of the universal coupling I, one end of the torque sensor I is connected with the stepped shaft III through a rigid coupling, and the other end of the torque sensor I is connected with the input shaft of the universal coupling I through the rigid coupling; the universal coupling I is a duplex three-fork universal coupling, the input shaft and the output shaft are solid shafts, and the output shaft is connected with the torque sensor II through a rigid coupling; the torque sensor II measures the torque of an output shaft of the universal coupling I, and the other end of the torque sensor II is connected with a stepped shaft V in the corner adjusting device through a rigid coupling; when the test is started, a sliding gear in the driving device is meshed with the cylindrical gear I and rotates, the cylindrical gear I drives the stepped shaft III to rotate, thereby driving the shaft in the torque sensor I to rotate and measuring the torque of the input shaft of the universal coupling I, the universal coupling I rotates along with the stepped shaft III to drive the shaft of the torque sensor II to rotate so as to measure the torque of the output shaft of the universal coupling I, the output shaft end and the input shaft end of the universal coupling I are respectively provided with an infrared speed sensor which respectively measures the rotating speed of the input shaft and the output shaft and respectively multiplies the torque of the input shaft and the output shaft by the rotating speed, respectively obtaining the power of an input shaft and the power of an output shaft through programming, and dividing the power of the output shaft by the power of the input shaft to obtain the efficiency of the universal coupling I; meanwhile, the stepped shaft III drives the cylindrical gear II to rotate, so that the cylindrical gear IV in the pre-torque-adding device is driven to rotate.
Further, the pre-torquing device comprises: a stepped shaft IV, a cylindrical gear III, a cylindrical gear IV and a forward-reverse differential clutch I; the stepped shaft IV is connected with the side wall of the test bed through a bearing seat; one axial end of the cylindrical gear III is positioned by the shoulder of the stepped shaft IV, the other end of the cylindrical gear III is positioned by a bearing seat through a shaft sleeve, one axial end of the cylindrical gear IV is positioned by the shaft sleeve of the stepped shaft IV, the other end of the cylindrical gear IV is pressed by double nuts, the cylindrical gear IV is connected with the stepped shaft IV by a circumferential key, and the cylindrical gear IV is meshed with a cylindrical gear II in the testing device; the forward-reverse differential clutch I is used for generating relative rotation between two shafts, the input shaft is a hollow shaft and is sleeved on the stepped shaft IV, the axial direction of the input shaft is positioned by a shaft shoulder, the circumferential direction of the input shaft is positioned by a key, the output shaft is a solid shaft, and the output shaft is connected with the input shaft of a universal coupling II in the corner adjusting device by a rigid coupling; when the torque needs to be pre-applied, a sliding gear in the driving device is meshed with a cylindrical gear III in the pre-torque applying device, the motor I is started, the sliding gear drives the cylindrical gear III to rotate so as to drive the stepped shaft III to rotate, at the moment, an input shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch I idles in the output shaft, the output shaft is static, the output shaft is connected with an output shaft of a universal coupling I in the testing device through the corner adjusting device and is static, the input shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch I is connected with the stepped shaft III through the cylindrical gear III and the cylindrical gear II in the testing device and is connected with the input shaft of the universal coupling I through a rigid coupling and rotates, so that a certain torque is generated between the input shaft and the output shaft of the universal coupling I, and the load application of the universal coupling I is realized by using the generated torque, a torque sensor I in the testing device displays a pre-applied torque value, and when the pre-applied torque value reaches a preset value, the motor I is closed; during testing, the cylindrical gear II drives the cylindrical gear IV to rotate, so that the stepped shaft IV is driven to rotate, the jaw wheel and the outer ring in the clockwise and anticlockwise differential clutch I are driven to rotate, and the stepped shaft VI in the corner adjusting device is driven to rotate finally.
Further, the rotation angle adjusting device includes: the device comprises a rocking plate, a stepped shaft V, a cylindrical gear V, a universal coupling II, a stepped shaft VI, a cylindrical gear VI, a forward-reverse differential clutch II, a connecting rod II, a crankshaft, a bevel gear shaft and a motor III; the rocking plate is an L-shaped right-angle steel plate, one plane of the rocking plate is horizontal, the other plane of the rocking plate is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the test bed, two ends of the horizontal right-angle surface are respectively welded with a triangular plate, the thickness of the triangular plate is equal to that of the right-angle steel plate, two through holes are respectively processed on the two triangular plates, the central connecting line of the two through holes is parallel to the stepped shaft V and the stepped shaft VI, the axial line of the triangular plate through hole close to one side of the forward and reverse differential clutch I of the pre-torquing device is in the same straight line with the centers of the universal coupling I and the universal coupling II in the test device, the triangular plate through hole at the end is sleeved on a small stepped shaft and is connected with the bottom surface of the test bed through a rolling bearing on the small stepped shaft, a key is fixed on the small stepped shaft in the circumferential; the stepped shaft V is vertically connected with the right-angle surface of the test bed base through a bearing seat and the rocking plate; one axial end of the cylindrical gear V is positioned by the stepped shaft V shaft ring, the cylindrical gear V is circumferentially positioned by a key, and the other end of the cylindrical gear V is positioned by double nuts; the universal coupling II is identical to the universal coupling I in structure, synchronous angle change between the universal coupling II and the universal coupling I is realized, the universal coupling II and an output shaft of the universal coupling I have equal instantaneous rotating speed, the cylindrical gear V and the cylindrical gear VI are prevented from colliding and interfering with each other, and the output shaft of the universal coupling II is connected with the stepped shaft VI through a rigid coupling; the stepped shaft VI is vertically connected with the rocking plate through a bearing seat and a right-angle surface of the test bed base, the axes of the stepped shaft V and the stepped shaft VI are parallel under the stepped shaft V, and the planes of the two axes are parallel to the vertical right-angle surface of the rocking plate; one axial end of the cylindrical gear VI is positioned by the stepped shaft VI shaft ring and is circumferentially positioned by a key, and the other end of the cylindrical gear VI is positioned by double nuts; the forward-reverse differential clutch II and the forward-reverse differential clutch I are identical in structure, an input shaft and an output shaft are exchanged, the forward-reverse differential clutch II is used for controlling the step shaft VI to be static and rotate, the input shaft is a solid shaft and is connected with the step shaft VI through a rigid coupling, the output shaft is sleeved on a small step shaft, the axial direction of the small step shaft is positioned through a shaft shoulder, the circumferential direction of the small step shaft is positioned through a key, the other shaft section of the small step shaft is connected with a bearing seat through a key, the bearing seat is connected to the horizontal plane of the rocker plate through a bolt, and the output shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch II is still; a through hole is formed in each of the two ends of the connecting rod II, and the through hole in one end is connected with the through hole in the other triangular plate on the horizontal plane of the remote plate through a small stepped shaft; the crankshaft is connected with the test bed through a bearing seat, the axis of the crankshaft main shaft is perpendicular to the plane of the test bed base, the crankshaft section in the crankshaft is connected with the through hole at the other end of the connecting rod II, and the connecting rod rotates along the axis of the crankshaft end in the crankshaft; the bevel gear is installed on the crankshaft, one axial end of the bevel gear is positioned by a shaft shoulder of the crankshaft main shaft, the other axial end of the bevel gear is pressed by a shaft end retainer ring, the bevel gear is circumferentially positioned by a key, and the crankshaft, the connecting rod II and the rocking plate form a crank-rocker mechanism; the bevel gear part on the bevel gear shaft is meshed with the bevel gear, and the bevel gear shaft is connected with the bottom of the test bed through a bearing seat; the motor III is connected with the test bed through a bolt, and is connected with the bevel gear shaft through a rigid coupler; when the angle of the universal coupling I is to be adjusted, the motor I and the motor II of the driving device are stopped, the motor III is started to drive the bevel gear shaft, the shaft gear and the crankshaft to rotate, so that the connecting rod II is driven to do planar motion, the rocker plate is driven to swing according to a certain angle by taking the centers of the universal coupling I and the universal coupling II as rotation centers, the stepped shaft V and the stepped shaft VI are vertically arranged, the problem that the whole loop interval b is not equal to a and the gears cannot be meshed when the stepped shaft V and the stepped shaft VI are horizontally arranged and swing is solved, and the purpose of adjusting the stepless angle of the universal coupling I is achieved; when the torque needs to be pre-applied, the motor III is closed, the motor I is opened to drive the input shaft of the universal coupling I to rotate, the input shaft and the output shaft in the forward-reverse differential clutch II are synchronously static, so that the stepped shaft VI, the cylindrical gear V, the stepped shaft V and the output shaft of the universal coupling I are all static, the input shaft and the output shaft of the universal coupling I generate relative rotation and pre-apply the torque, the load is applied on the whole loop equivalently, the work of the original brake and the motor for driving the brake to work is saved, and the purpose of energy conservation is realized; during testing, the output shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch II is static, the input shaft rotates along with the stepped shaft VI, and the universal coupling I, the universal coupling II, the stepped shaft VI, the cylindrical gear VI, the stepped shaft V and the cylindrical gear V synchronously rotate.
Further, the forward-reverse differential clutch I includes: the claw wheel, the outer ring, the steel ball, the spring ejector rod and the retainer ring; the claw wheel is made of a circular ring material, a small plane is milled from the outer ring to the inner part, then the vertical plane is milled flat, a blind hole is drilled, the processing is carried out once every 90 degrees of the axis of the circular ring, the processing is carried out for four times, the claw wheel is welded with a hollow cylinder, the axis is aligned, and a key groove is processed in the hollow cylinder; the spring ejector rod is arranged in the blind hole of the claw wheel, the spring is welded with the bottom of the blind hole, and the cylindrical ejector rod is welded at the top of the spring; the diameter of the steel ball is equal to the distance between the intersection line of the processing planes on the processing vertical plane of the claw wheel and the outer ring, and the steel ball is clamped among the claw wheel, the spring ejector rod and the outer ring and is welded with the ejector rod in the spring ejector rod; the inner diameter of the outer ring is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the claw wheel, the outer ring is welded with a solid stepped shaft, the axes of the outer ring are aligned, the outer ring is sleeved outside the claw wheel in an empty mode, and the axes of the outer ring are aligned; the retainer ring is a circular ring, the outer diameter of the circular ring is equal to the outer diameter of the outer ring, the distance between the inner diameter and the outer diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the steel ball, and the retainer ring is connected with the outer ring by a bolt to prevent the steel ball from being thrown out of the forward-reverse differential clutch I when rotating; the clockwise and anticlockwise different-speed clutch I adjusts the rotation direction and the rotation speed of a shaft connected with the clockwise and anticlockwise different-speed clutch I through the difference of the speeds of the jaw wheel and the outer ring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the experiment, the testing device, the pre-torque-applying device and the corner adjusting device are connected with each other to form a closed loop, and the pre-torque-applying method is used for replacing a load, so that the purpose of low power consumption is achieved; when the angle of the universal coupling I needs to be changed, the motor III is started to drive the bevel gear shaft, the bevel gear and the crankshaft to rotate, so that the connecting rod II is driven to translate, and finally the rocking plate is driven to rotate, the purpose of stepless angle adjustment of the universal coupling I and the universal coupling II is achieved, the stepped shaft V and the stepped shaft VI are vertically arranged, and the problem that the whole loop is not parallel and the gears cannot be meshed when the stepped shaft V and the stepped shaft VI are horizontally arranged and swing is solved; when the universal coupling I needs to pre-add torque, the sliding gear is meshed with the cylindrical gear III, the motor I is started to drive the stepped shaft III and the stepped shaft II, the input shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch I idles to drive the input shaft of the universal coupling I to rotate, and the input shaft and the output shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch II are static, so that the stepped shaft VI, the cylindrical gear V, the stepped shaft V and the output shaft of the universal coupling I are static, the input shaft and the output shaft of the universal coupling I generate relative rotation, and the purpose of automatically pre-adding torque is achieved; when the test, the sliding gear meshes with cylindrical gear I, motor I opens, drives step shaft I, step shaft II and step shaft III and rotates, and the counter-and-counter differential clutch I input shaft drives the output shaft and rotates to drive step shaft VI and step shaft V synchronous rotation, counter-and-counter differential clutch II input shaft idle running, torque sensor I and torque sensor II measure the moment of torsion, realize the purpose of measuring the duplex universal coupling transmission efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention relates to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed;
FIG. 2: the invention relates to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed front view;
FIG. 3: the invention relates to a top view of a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed;
FIG. 4: the invention relates to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed driving device front view;
FIG. 5: the invention relates to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed driving device front view;
FIG. 6: the invention relates to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed test device, which comprises a main view, a test table body and a test table body, wherein the main view is provided with a test table body;
FIG. 7: the invention relates to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed pre-torque device front view;
FIG. 8: the invention relates to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed corner adjusting device front view;
FIG. 9: the invention relates to a top view of a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed corner adjusting device;
FIG. 10: the invention relates to a section view of a forward and reverse differential clutch I of a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed;
FIG. 11: the invention relates to a large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed forward and backward differential clutch I local view;
FIG. 12: a structure diagram for adjusting the angle of the closed loop;
in the figure: 1-driving device, 2-testing device, 3-pre-torqueing device, 4-corner adjusting device, 5-test bench, 11-motor I, 12-stepped shaft I, 13-sliding gear, 14-shifting fork, 15-connecting rod I, 16-crank, 17-stepped shaft II, 18-motor II, 21-stepped shaft III, 22-cylindrical gear I, 23-cylindrical gear II, 24-torque sensor I, 25-universal coupling I, 26-torque sensor II, 31-stepped shaft IV, 32-cylindrical gear III, 33-cylindrical gear IV, 34-forward and reverse differential clutch I, 401-rocking plate, 402-stepped shaft V, 403-cylindrical gear V, 404-universal coupling II, 405-stepped shaft VI, V, 406-cylindrical gear VI, 407-forward-reverse differential clutch II, 408-connecting rod II, 409-crankshaft, 410-bevel gear, 411-bevel gear shaft, 412-motor III, 51-upper test bed, 52-lower test bed, 341-claw wheel, 342-outer ring, 343-steel ball, 344-spring ejector rod and 345-retainer ring.
Detailed Description
Specific implementations of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the following figures.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, a large-angle closed duplex universal coupling test bed comprises: the device comprises a driving device 1, a testing device 2, a pre-torque-applying device 3, a corner adjusting device 4 and a test bed 5; the drive device 1 includes: the device comprises a motor I11, a stepped shaft I12, a sliding gear 13, a shifting fork 14, a connecting rod I15, a crank 16, a stepped shaft II17 and a motor II 18; the test device 2 includes: the device comprises a stepped shaft III21, a cylindrical gear I22, a cylindrical gear II23, a torque sensor I24, a universal coupling I25 and a torque sensor II 26; the pre-torquing device 3 comprises: a stepped shaft IV31, a cylindrical gear III32, a cylindrical gear IV33 and a forward-reverse differential clutch I34; the rotation angle adjusting device 4 includes: the device comprises a rocking plate 401, a stepped shaft V402, a cylindrical gear V403, a universal coupling II404, a stepped shaft VI405, a cylindrical gear VI406, a forward-reverse differential clutch II407, a connecting rod II408, a crankshaft 409, a bevel gear 410, a bevel gear shaft 411 and a motor III 412; the test stand 5 includes: an upper test stand 51 and a lower test stand 52; the forward-reverse differential clutch I34 comprises: the claw wheel 341, the outer ring 342, the steel ball 343, the spring ejector rod 344 and the retainer ring 345; the driving device 1 is connected with the test bed 5 through a bearing seat, and the sliding gear is meshed with the cylindrical gear I in the testing device 2 or the cylindrical gear III in the pre-torsion device 3 through sliding; the testing device 2 is connected with the test bed 5 through a bearing seat, the testing device 2 is connected with the gear IV in the pre-torquing device 3 through the gear II, and the universal coupling I in the testing device 2 is connected with the stepped shaft V in the corner adjusting device 4 through a rigid coupling; the pre-torque-applying device 3 is connected with the test bed 5 through a bearing seat, and an output shaft of the forward and reverse differential clutch I in the pre-torque-applying device 3 is connected with a shaft of the universal coupling II in the corner adjusting device 4 through a rigid coupling; the swing base in the corner adjusting device 4 is connected with the test bed 5 through a stepped shaft, the crankshaft in the corner adjusting device 4 is connected with the test bed 5 through a bearing seat, and the motor III in the corner adjusting device 4 is fixed on the test bed 5 through bolts; the testing device 2, the pre-torque-applying device 3 and the corner adjusting device 4 are connected with each other to form a closed loop, and a pre-torque-applying method is used for replacing a load, so that the effect of low power consumption is realized; the test bed 5 is fixed on a ground foundation by a foundation bolt, and the upper test bed 51 is fixed on the lower test bed 52 by a bolt.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, a large-angle closed duplex universal joint test bed works in the following manner: in the experiment, the testing device, the pre-torque-applying device and the corner adjusting device are connected with each other to form a closed loop, and the pre-torque-applying method is used for replacing a load to realize the effect of low power consumption; when the angle of the universal coupling I25 is to be adjusted, the motor I11 and the motor II18 are stopped, the motor III412 is started to drive the bevel gear shaft 411, the shaft gear 410 and the crankshaft 409 to rotate, so that the connecting rod II408 is driven to do planar motion, and the rocking plate 401 is driven to rock according to a certain angle, so that the angle change of the universal coupling I25 is realized, and the function of stepless angle adjustment of the universal coupling I25 is realized; when the torque is to be applied in advance, the slipping gear 13 in the driving device 1 is engaged with the cylindrical gear III32 in the pre-torque application device 3, the motor I11 is turned on, the slipping gear 13 drives the cylindrical gear III32 to rotate, so as to drive the stepped shaft III21 to rotate, at this time, the input shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch I34 idles in the output shaft, the output shaft is stationary, the output shaft is connected with the output shaft of the universal coupling I25 in the testing device 2 through the rotation angle adjusting device 4 and is stationary, the input shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch I34 is connected with the input shaft of the universal coupling I25 through the cylindrical gear III32 and the testing device and rotates, the input shaft and the output shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch II407 are stationary synchronously, so that the stepped shaft VI405, the cylindrical gear VI406, the cylindrical gear V403, the stepped shaft V402 and the output shaft of the universal coupling I25 are stationary, so that a certain torque is generated between the input shaft and the output shaft of the universal coupling I25, the torque sensor I24 in the testing device 2 displays the value of the pre-applied torque, and when the preset value is reached, the motor I11 is turned off; when the test is started, the slipping gear 13 in the driving device 1 is meshed with and rotates with the cylindrical gear I22, the cylindrical gear I22 drives the stepped shaft III21 to rotate, so as to drive the shaft in the torque sensor I24 to rotate, the torque of the input shaft of the universal coupling I25 is measured, the universal coupling I25 rotates along with the stepped shaft III21, and then drives the shaft of the torque sensor II26 to rotate, the torque of the output shaft of the universal coupling I25 is measured, the measured torque of the output shaft of the universal coupling I25 and the measured torque of the input shaft are divided to obtain the efficiency of the universal coupling I25, and meanwhile, the stepped shaft III21 drives the cylindrical gear II23 to rotate, so as to drive the cylindrical gear IV in the pre-torque-applying device 3 to rotate, and then drive the claw wheel 341 and the outer ring in the forward-reverse differential clutch I34 to rotate, the input shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch II407 rotates along with the stepped shaft VI405, the output shaft is static, and the universal coupling I25, the universal coupling II404, the stepped shaft VI405, the cylindrical gear VI406, the stepped shaft V402 and the cylindrical gear V403 synchronously rotate.
The scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention will be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a big closed pair universal joint test bench of corner which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a driving device (1), a testing device (2), a pre-torque-applying device (3), a corner adjusting device (4) and a test bed (5); the driving device (1) is connected with the test bed (5) through a bearing seat, wherein a sliding gear (13) of the driving device (1) is meshed with a cylindrical gear I (22) in the testing device (2) and a cylindrical gear III (32) in the pre-torsion device (3) through sliding; the testing device (2) is connected with the test bed (5) through a bearing seat, the testing device (2) is connected with a cylindrical gear IV (33) in the pre-torquing device (3) through a cylindrical gear II (23), and a universal coupling I (25) in the testing device (2) is connected with a stepped shaft V (402) in the corner adjusting device (4) through a rigid coupling; the pre-torquing device (3) is connected with the test bed (5) through a bearing seat, and an output shaft of a forward-reverse differential clutch I (34) in the pre-torquing device (3) is connected with an input shaft of a universal coupling II (404) in the corner adjusting device (4) through a rigid coupling; a rocking plate (401) in the corner adjusting device (4) is connected with the test bed (5) through a small stepped shaft, a crankshaft (409) in the corner adjusting device (4) is connected with the test bed (5) through a bearing seat, and a motor III (412) in the corner adjusting device (4) is fixed on the test bed (5) through bolts; the testing device (2), the pre-torque-applying device (3) and the corner adjusting device (4) are connected with each other to form a closed loop; the test bed (5) is fixed on a ground foundation by a foundation bolt; the test stand (5) comprises: go up test bench (51) and lower test bench (52), casting processing, go up test bench (51) and pass through the bolt fastening and be in down on test bench (52), drive arrangement (1) testing arrangement (2) add torsion moment device (3) in advance and corner adjusting device (4) are all in test bench (5), install operating panel on lower test bench (52), the last switch of installing motor I (11), motor II (18) and motor III (412) of operating panel.
2. The large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the drive device (1) comprises: the device comprises a motor I (11), a stepped shaft I (12), a sliding gear (13), a shifting fork (14), a connecting rod I (15), a crank (16), a stepped shaft II (17) and a motor II (18); the motor I (11) is connected with the stepped shaft I (12) through a rigid coupler, and the motor I (11) is fixed on the test bed (5) through a bolt; the sliding gear (13) is arranged in a key groove on the stepped shaft I (12) through a sliding key to realize axial sliding along the key groove; the stepped shaft I (12) is fixed on the side wall of the test bed (5) through a bearing seat; one end of the shifting fork (14) is arranged at a groove of the sliding gear (13), a hole at the other end is sleeved on a beam connected with the test bed (5), a section of cylindrical surface is processed at the rod part of the shifting fork (14), semicircles at two ends of the connecting rod I (15) are connected with a rod at the middle part of the connecting rod through bolts, a bushing is arranged in the connecting hole, one connecting hole is connected with the shifting fork (14) through the cylindrical surface on the shifting fork (14) and is not limited in circumferential direction, both ends of the crank (16) are provided with a through hole, one through hole is connected with the other connecting hole of the connecting rod I (15) through a small stepped shaft, the connecting rod I (15) is fixed on the small stepped shaft without relative movement, the crank (16) is sleeved on the small stepped shaft in a hollow way, the other through hole of the crank (16) is connected with the motor II (18) through the stepped shaft II, the stepped shaft II (17) is fixed on the test bed (5) through a bearing seat, the motor II (18) is fixed on the bottom of the test bed (5) through a bolt, the shifting fork (14), the connecting rod I (15) and the crank (16) form a crank sliding block mechanism, and the sliding gear (13) is driven by the shifting fork (14) to move along the axial direction at the key groove part of the stepped shaft I (12); when the torque is to be pre-applied, the motor II (18) rotates to drive the crank (16) and the connecting rod I (15) to rotate, so as to drive the shifting fork (14) and the sliding gear (13) to move, the sliding gear (13) is meshed with a cylindrical gear III (32) in the pre-applying torque device (3), the motor I (11) is started to drive the stepped shaft I (12) and the sliding gear (13) to rotate, so that the pre-applying torque in a shafting is realized, and when the torque requirement is met, the motor I (11) is closed; when carrying out the test experiment, motor II (18) rotate, drive crank (16) with connecting rod I (15) rotate, thereby drive shift fork (14) with sliding gear (13) remove, sliding gear (13) with cylindrical gear I in testing arrangement (3) meshes mutually, opens motor I (11), drives step shaft I (12) with sliding gear (13) rotate, thereby drives step shaft I in testing arrangement (2) rotates, when the test is finished, closes motor I (11).
3. The large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the testing device (2) comprises: the device comprises a stepped shaft III (21), a cylindrical gear I (22), a cylindrical gear II (23), a torque sensor I (24), a universal coupling I (25) and a torque sensor II (26); the stepped shaft III (21) is connected with the side wall of the test bed (5) through a bearing seat; one axial end of the cylindrical gear I (22) is positioned by using a shoulder of the stepped shaft III (21), the cylindrical gear I (22) is positioned by using a key in the circumferential direction, the other end of the cylindrical gear I (22) is positioned by using a bearing seat of a shaft sleeve, one axial end of the cylindrical gear II (23) is positioned by using a shaft collar of the stepped shaft III (21), the other axial end of the cylindrical gear II (23) is pressed by using double nuts, and the cylindrical gear I is connected with the stepped shaft III (21) by using a key in; the torque sensor I (24) is used for measuring the torque of an input shaft of the universal coupling I (25), one end of the torque sensor I (24) is connected with the stepped shaft III (21) through a rigid coupling, and the other end of the torque sensor I (24) is connected with the input shaft of the universal coupling I (25) through the rigid coupling; the universal coupling I (25) is a duplex three-fork universal coupling, the input shaft and the output shaft are solid shafts, and the output shaft is connected with the torque sensor II (26) through a rigid coupling; the torque sensor II (26) measures the torque of an output shaft of the universal coupling I (25), and the other end of the torque sensor II (26) is connected with a stepped shaft V (402) in the corner adjusting device (4) through a rigid coupling; when the test is started, a sliding gear (13) in the driving device (1) is meshed with the cylindrical gear I (22) and rotates, the cylindrical gear I (22) drives the stepped shaft III (21) to rotate, so that a shaft in the torque sensor I (24) is driven to rotate, the torque of an input shaft of the universal coupling I (25) is measured, the universal coupling I (25) rotates along with the stepped shaft III (21) and then drives a shaft of the torque sensor II (26) to rotate, the torque of an output shaft of the universal coupling I (25) is measured, infrared speed sensors are mounted at an output shaft end and an input shaft end of the universal coupling I (25) respectively, the rotating speeds of the input shaft and the output shaft are measured, the rotating speeds of the input shaft and the output shaft are multiplied by the rotating speeds of the input shaft and the output shaft respectively, and the powers of the input shaft and the output shaft are obtained respectively through programming, dividing the power of the output shaft by the power of the input shaft to obtain the efficiency of the universal coupling I (25); meanwhile, the stepped shaft III (21) drives the cylindrical gear II (23) to rotate, so that the cylindrical gear IV (33) in the pre-torque-adding device (3) is driven to rotate.
4. The large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pre-torquing device (3) comprises: a stepped shaft IV (31), a cylindrical gear III (32), a cylindrical gear IV (33) and a forward-reverse differential clutch I (34); the stepped shaft IV (31) is connected with the side wall of the test bed (5) through a bearing seat; one axial end of the cylindrical gear III (32) is positioned by a shoulder of the stepped shaft IV (31) and is circumferentially positioned by a key, the other end of the cylindrical gear III (32) is positioned by a bearing seat of a shaft sleeve, one axial end of the cylindrical gear IV (33) is positioned by a shaft ring of the stepped shaft IV (31), the other axial end of the cylindrical gear IV (33) is pressed by double nuts, the cylindrical gear IV (33) is circumferentially connected with the stepped shaft IV (31) by a key, and the cylindrical gear IV (33) is meshed with a cylindrical gear II (23) in the testing device (2); the forward and reverse differential clutch I (34) is used for relative rotation between two shafts, an input shaft is a hollow shaft and is sleeved on the stepped shaft IV (31), the axial direction is positioned by a shaft shoulder, the circumferential direction is positioned by a key, an output shaft is a solid shaft and is connected with an input shaft of a universal coupling II (404) in the corner adjusting device (4) by a rigid coupling; when the torque is to be pre-applied, a sliding gear (13) in the driving device (1) is meshed with a cylindrical gear III (32) in the pre-torque applying device (3), the motor I (11) is started, the sliding gear (13) drives the cylindrical gear III (32) to rotate so as to drive the stepped shaft III (21) to rotate, an input shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch I (34) idles in an output shaft, the output shaft is static, the output shaft is connected with an output shaft of a universal coupling I (25) in the testing device (2) through the rotation angle adjusting device (4), and is static, the input shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch I (34) is connected with the stepped shaft III (21) through the cylindrical gear III (32) and a cylindrical gear II (23) in the testing device (2) and then is connected with an input shaft of the universal coupling I (25) through a rigid coupling, the motor I (11) is turned, so that a certain torque is generated between an input shaft and an output shaft of the universal coupling I (25), the load application of the universal coupling I (25) is realized by utilizing the generated torque, a torque sensor I (24) in the testing device (2) displays a pre-applied torque value, and when the pre-applied torque value is reached, the motor I (11) is turned off; during testing, the cylindrical gear II (23) drives the cylindrical gear IV (33) to rotate, so that the stepped shaft IV (31) is driven to rotate, the jaw wheel and the outer ring in the forward and reverse differential clutch I (34) are driven to rotate, and finally the stepped shaft VI in the corner adjusting device (4) is driven to rotate (405).
5. The large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rotation angle adjusting device (4) includes: the device comprises a rocking plate (401), a stepped shaft V (402), a cylindrical gear V (403), a universal coupling II (404), a stepped shaft VI (405), a cylindrical gear VI (406), a forward-reverse differential clutch II (407), a connecting rod II (408), a crankshaft (409), a bevel gear (410), a bevel gear shaft (411) and a motor III (412); the rocking plate (401) is an L-shaped right-angle steel plate, one plane is horizontal, the other plane is vertical to the bottom surface of the test bed (5), two ends of the horizontal right-angle surface are respectively welded with a triangular plate, the thickness of the triangular plate is equal to that of the right-angle steel plate, two triangular plates are respectively provided with a through hole, the connecting line of the centers of the two through holes is parallel to the stepped shaft V (402) and the stepped shaft VI (405), the axis of the triangular plate through hole at one side of the forward and reverse differential clutch I (34) close to the pre-torquing device (3) is in the same straight line with the centers of the universal coupling I (25) and the universal coupling II (404) in the testing device (2), and the triangular plate through hole at the end is sleeved on a small stepped shaft, the rocking plate (401) rotates around the axis of the small stepped shaft; the stepped shaft V (402) is vertically connected with the right-angle surface of the base of the test bed (5) through a bearing seat and the rocking plate (401); one axial end of the cylindrical gear V (403) is positioned by the shaft collar of the stepped shaft V (402) and is circumferentially positioned by a key, and the other end of the cylindrical gear V (403) is positioned by double nuts; the universal coupling II (404) and the universal coupling I (25) have the same structure, the universal coupling II (404) realizes synchronous angle change with the universal coupling I (25), the universal coupling II (404) has the same instantaneous rotating speed with the output shaft of the universal coupling I (25), the cylindrical gear V (403) and the cylindrical gear VI (406) are prevented from colliding and interfering with each other, and the output shaft of the universal coupling II (404) is connected with the stepped shaft VI (405) through a rigid coupling; the stepped shaft VI (405) is vertically connected with a right-angle surface of a base of the test bed (5) through a bearing seat and the rocking plate (401), the axes of the stepped shaft V (402) and the stepped shaft VI (405) are parallel under the stepped shaft V (402), and the planes of the two axes are parallel to the vertical right-angle surface of the rocking plate (401); one axial end of the cylindrical gear VI (406) is positioned by the shaft collar of the stepped shaft VI (405) and is circumferentially positioned by a key, and the other end of the cylindrical gear VI (406) is positioned by double nuts; the forward-reverse differential clutch II (407) and the forward-reverse differential clutch I (34) are identical in structure, an input shaft and an output shaft are exchanged, the forward-reverse differential clutch II (407) is used for controlling the static and rotation of the stepped shaft VI (405), the input shaft is a solid shaft and is connected with the stepped shaft VI (405) through a rigid coupling, the output shaft is sleeved on a small stepped shaft, the axial direction is positioned through a shaft shoulder, the circumferential direction is positioned through a key, the other shaft section of the small stepped shaft is connected with a bearing seat through a key, the bearing seat is connected to the horizontal plane of the rocker plate (401) through a bolt, and the output shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch II (407) is always fixed; a through hole is formed in each of two ends of the connecting rod II (408), and the through hole at one end is connected with the through hole in the other triangular plate on the horizontal plane of the remote plate (401) through a small stepped shaft; the crankshaft (409) is connected with the test bed (5) through a bearing seat, the axis of a main shaft of the crankshaft (409) is vertical to the plane where the base of the test bed (5) is located, a crankshaft section in the crankshaft (409) is connected with a through hole at the other end of the connecting rod II (408), and the connecting rod rotates along the axis of the crankshaft end in the crankshaft (409); the bevel gear (410) is installed on the crankshaft (409), one axial end of the bevel gear is positioned by a main shaft shoulder of the crankshaft (409), the other axial end of the bevel gear is pressed by a shaft end retainer ring and is circumferentially positioned by a key, and the crankshaft (409), the connecting rod II (408) and the rocking plate (401) form a crank-rocker mechanism; the bevel gear part on the bevel gear shaft (411) is meshed with the bevel gear (410), and the bevel gear shaft (411) is connected with the bottom of the test bed (5) through a bearing seat; the motor III (412) is connected with the test bed (5) through a bolt, and the motor III (412) is connected with the bevel gear shaft (411) through a rigid coupling; when the angle of the universal coupling I (25) needs to be adjusted, a motor I (11) and a motor II (18) of the driving device (1) stop, a motor III (412) is started to drive the bevel gear shaft (411), the shaft gear (410) and the crankshaft (409) to rotate, so that the connecting rod II (408) is driven to do planar motion, the rocking plate (401) is driven to swing according to a certain angle by taking the centers of the universal coupling I (25) and the universal coupling II (404) as the rotation center, and the stepped shaft V (402) and the stepped shaft VI (405) are vertically arranged, so that the problem that the whole loop interval a is not equal to b when the rocking plate is horizontally arranged and swung, so that the gears cannot be meshed is solved, and the purpose of stepless angle adjustment of the universal coupling I (25) is realized; when the torque needs to be pre-applied, the motor III (412) is turned off, the motor I (11) is turned on, the input shaft of the universal coupling I (25) is driven to rotate, the input shaft and the output shaft in the forward-reverse differential clutch II (407) are synchronously static, the stepped shaft VI (405), the cylindrical gear VI (406), the cylindrical gear V (403), the stepped shaft V (402) and the output shaft of the universal coupling I (25) are all static, the input shaft and the output shaft of the universal coupling I (25) generate relative rotation, the torque is pre-applied, the load is applied on the whole loop equivalently, the work of the original brake and the motor for driving the brake to work is omitted, and the purpose of energy conservation is achieved; during testing, the output shaft of the forward-reverse differential clutch II (407) is static, the input shaft rotates along with the stepped shaft VI (405), and the universal coupling I (25), the universal coupling II (404), the stepped shaft VI (405), the cylindrical gear VI (406), the stepped shaft V (402) and the cylindrical gear V (403) synchronously rotate.
6. The large-corner closed duplex universal coupling test bed as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the forward-reverse differential clutch I (34) comprises: the device comprises a claw wheel (341), an outer ring (342), a steel ball (343), a spring ejector rod (344) and a retainer ring (345); the claw wheel (341) is made of a circular ring material, a small plane is milled from the outer ring (342) to the inside, then the vertical plane is milled flat, a blind hole is drilled, the processing is performed once every time the axis of the circular ring rotates by 90 degrees, the processing is performed four times, the claw wheel (341) is welded with a hollow cylinder, the axis is aligned, and a key groove is processed in the hollow cylinder; the spring ejector rod (344) is installed in a blind hole of the jaw wheel (341), a spring is welded to the bottom of the blind hole, and a cylindrical ejector rod is welded to the top of the spring; the diameter of the steel ball (343) is equal to the distance between the intersection line of the processing planes on the processing vertical plane of the claw wheel (341) and the outer ring (342), and the steel ball (343) is clamped among the claw wheel (341), the spring ejector rod (344) and the outer ring (342) and is welded with the ejector rod of the spring ejector rod (344); the inner diameter of the outer ring (342) is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the claw wheel, the outer ring (342) is welded with a solid stepped shaft, the axes are aligned, and the outer ring (342) is sleeved outside the claw wheel (341) in an empty mode and is aligned with the axes; the retainer ring (345) is a circular ring, the outer diameter of the circular ring is equal to the outer diameter of the outer ring (342), the distance between the inner diameter and the outer diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the steel ball (343), and the retainer ring (345) is connected with the outer ring (342) through bolts to prevent the steel ball (343) from being thrown out of the forward-reverse differential clutch I (34) when rotating; the speed of the forward and reverse differential clutch I (34) is different from that of the outer ring (342) through the jaw wheel (341), so that the rotation direction and the rotation speed of a shaft connected with the forward and reverse differential clutch I (34) are adjusted.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN117686222A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-12 | 江苏尔乐电气科技有限公司 | Multi-station combined transmission mechanism testing device based on machining |
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