CN110645846B

CN110645846B - Isobaric adjusting device for compensating liquid-phase charging volume changes at different temperatures

Info

Publication number: CN110645846B
Application number: CN201911033140.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许志峰; 曹玉武; 蒋忠亮; 宋玉江; 蒙佳宇
Original assignee: Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
Current assignee: Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
Priority date: 2019-10-28
Filing date: 2019-10-28
Publication date: 2021-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-28
Also published as: CN110645846A

Abstract

The invention discloses an isobaric adjusting device for compensating different temperature liquid phase charging volume changes, wherein a lower end sealing ring is made of rubber, the inner side of the lower end sealing ring is in mutual extrusion contact with a third lower end outer cylindrical surface of a piston, and the ratio of elastic deformation generated on the inner side of the lower end sealing ring to the diameter of a fourth circular plane of the lower end sealing ring is 1: 5 ~ 6, mutual extrusion contact between the outside of lower extreme sealing washer and the second middle part inner cylinder face of cavity, the elastic deformation volume that takes place in the outside of lower extreme sealing washer and the fourth circular plane diameter of lower extreme sealing washer than be 1: 5-6; the invention is compensated by the volume change of the inner cavity caused by the movement of the piston, and the pressure of the inner cavity and the external pressure are always kept the same in the movement process of the piston. The device does not weaken the strength of the shell in the process of compensating the volume change of the liquid, and the strength of the shell is ensured.

Description

Isobaric adjusting device for compensating liquid-phase charging volume changes at different temperatures

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of adjusting devices, relates to a volume adjusting device, and particularly relates to an isobaric adjusting device for compensating volume changes of liquid-phase charges at different temperatures.

Background

The fuel filled in the liquid-phase charging warhead is in a liquid phase or a solid-liquid phase, so that a sealing structure is required to be adopted when the warhead is designed, the warhead needs to be stored for a long time (more than ten years), the liquid-phase charging warhead needs to have sealing performance under various complex environmental conditions, the liquid-phase charging warhead can normally work at the environmental temperature of-40-70 ℃, and the expansion coefficient (1.24 multiplied by 10) of a liquid material^-3) Specific solid material (1.22X 10)^-5) The height is very high, the liquid material is an incompressible material, the internal stress of the warhead is very high after the liquid expands, when the liquid-phase charging warhead is designed, in order to avoid affecting the scattering range, the shell is usually of a thin-wall structure, and the warhead is damaged at a weak position due to overhigh internal stress, so that liquid agent leakage is caused, and major accidents are caused. Therefore, when the liquid-phase charging warhead is designed, the sealing performance is ensured, and the problem of overlarge internal stress of the warhead in a complex environment is solved.

The patent "an internal stress release device for liquid charge warhead" (china, 6 months 2015, application number: 201510304454.2) discloses an internal stress release device suitable for a liquid charge warhead, when the internal stress of the warhead caused by expansion of liquid charge is too large, an annular belleville spring of the device is compressed and deformed, so that the space occupied by the liquid charge is increased, and the internal stress of the warhead is reduced; when negative pressure in the warhead caused by shrinkage of the liquid-phase charge is overlarge, the annular butterfly spring of the device is stretched and deformed, and the space occupied by the liquid-phase charge is reduced, so that the internal stress of the warhead is reduced, and the problem of overlarge internal stress can be solved.

The following problems arise when the device is used on a liquid-charge warhead: the change of the volume of the liquid after expansion with heat and contraction with cold is compensated by the volume change generated by the deformation of the spring, so that the larger the compensation volume is, the larger the deformation of the spring is, the larger the elastic deformation force of the spring is, the larger the acting force of the spring on the liquid is, the larger the internal pressure of the liquid is, the liquid-phase charging warhead is a thin-wall shell, and the damage of the shell can be caused by the excessive pressure in the liquid, so that the failure of the warhead is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides the isobaric adjusting device for compensating the volume change of liquid-phase charges at different temperatures, the volume change of an inner cavity caused by the movement of a piston is compensated, and the pressure of the inner cavity and the external pressure are always kept the same in the movement process of the piston. The device does not weaken the strength of the shell in the process of compensating the volume change of the liquid, and the strength of the shell is ensured.

The invention provides an isobaric adjusting device for compensating liquid phase charging volume changes at different temperatures, which comprises an end cover 1 and is characterized by also comprising a cavity 2, a piston 3, a lower end sealing ring 4 and an upper end sealing ring 5;

the end cover 1 is a first circular plate, the first circular plate of the end cover 1 is a revolving body, the center of the end cover 1 is provided with a first round hole, the lower end surface of the end cover 1 is a first lower end annular surface, and the upper end surface of the end cover 1 is a first upper end annular surface;

the end cover 1 is an end cover of a liquid-phase charge warhead, liquid-phase charge is filled in a closed space formed by the end cover 1 and other parts of a warhead shell, and the axis of a revolving body of the end cover 1 is vertical to a first upper end annular surface of the end cover 1;

the cavity 2 is a second cylinder, the second cylinder of the cavity 2 is a revolving body, the upper end of the second cylinder of the cavity 2 is provided with a second upper end inner flange, the upper end surface of the second upper end inner flange of the cavity 2 is a second upper end upper circular ring surface, the lower end surface of the second upper end inner flange of the cavity 2 is a second upper end lower circular ring surface, the inner side surface of the second upper end inner flange of the cavity 2 is a second upper end inner circular ring surface, the lower end of the second cylinder of the cavity 2 is provided with a second lower end inner flange, the upper end surface of the second lower end inner flange of the cavity 2 is a second lower end upper circular ring surface, the lower end surface of the second lower end inner flange of the cavity 2 is a second lower end lower circular ring surface, the inner side surface of the second lower end inner flange of the cavity 2 is a second lower end inner circular ring surface, and the inner side surface of the second cylinder of the cavity;

the cavity 2 is positioned at the lower end of the end cover 1, the axis of a revolving body of the cavity 2 is superposed with the axis of a revolving body of the end cover 1, an upper annular surface at the second upper end of the cavity 2 is hermetically connected with an annular surface at the first lower end of the end cover 1, and the diameter of an inner cylindrical surface at the second upper end of the cavity 2 is the same as that of a first circular hole of the end cover 1;

the piston 3 is a third cylinder, the third cylinder of the piston 3 is a revolving body, the upper end surface of the third cylinder of the piston 3 is a third upper end circular plane, the lower end surface of the third cylinder of the piston 3 is a third lower end circular plane, the side surface of the third cylinder of the piston 3 is a third outer cylindrical surface, the upper end of the third outer cylindrical surface of the piston 3 is provided with a third upper end annular groove, the upper end surface of the third upper end annular groove of the piston 3 is a third upper end upper circular ring surface, the lower end surface of the third upper end annular groove of the piston 3 is a third upper end lower circular ring surface, the side surface of the third upper end annular groove of the piston 3 is a third upper end outer cylindrical surface, the lower end of the third outer cylindrical surface of the piston 3 is a third lower end annular groove, the upper end surface of the third lower end annular groove of the piston 3 is a third lower end upper circular ring surface, the lower end surface of the third lower end annular groove of the piston 3 is a third lower end lower circular ring, the side surface of the annular groove at the third lower end of the piston 3 is an outer cylindrical surface at the third lower end;

the piston 3 is positioned at the inner side of the cavity 2, the axis of the revolving body of the piston 3 is superposed with the axis of the revolving body of the cavity 2, the third outer cylindrical surface of the piston 3 is contacted with the second middle inner cylindrical surface of the cavity 2, the third upper end circular plane of the piston 3 is positioned at the lower end of the second upper end lower circular ring surface of the cavity 2, and the third lower end circular plane of the piston 3 is positioned at the upper end of the second lower end upper circular ring surface of the cavity 2;

the lower end sealing ring 4 is a revolving body, and the section of the revolving body of the lower end sealing ring 4 is a fourth circular plane;

the axis of the revolving body of the lower end sealing ring 4 coincides with the axis of the revolving body of the piston 3, the lower end sealing ring 4 is positioned in a third lower end annular groove of the piston 3, the inner side of the lower end sealing ring 4 is contacted with the outer cylindrical surface of the third lower end of the piston 3, and the outer side of the lower end sealing ring 4 is contacted with the inner cylindrical surface of the second middle part of the cavity 2;

the upper end sealing ring 5 is a revolving body, and the section of the revolving body of the upper end sealing ring 5 is a fifth circular plane;

the axis of the revolving body of the upper end sealing ring 5 coincides with the axis of the revolving body of the piston 3, the upper end sealing ring 5 is positioned in a third upper end annular groove of the piston 3, the inner side of the upper end sealing ring 5 is contacted with the outer cylindrical surface of the third upper end of the piston 3, and the outer side of the upper end sealing ring 5 is contacted with the inner cylindrical surface of the second middle part of the cavity 2;

the material of lower extreme sealing washer 4 is rubber, mutual extrusion contact between the inboard of lower extreme sealing washer 4 and the third lower extreme outer cylindrical surface of piston 3, and the ratio of the elastic deformation volume that takes place of the inboard of lower extreme sealing washer 4 and the fourth planum diameter of lower extreme sealing washer 4 is 1: 5 ~ 6, mutual extrusion contact between the second middle part inner cylinder face of the outside of lower extreme sealing washer 4 and cavity 2, the elastic deformation volume that takes place in the outside of lower extreme sealing washer 4 and the fourth circular plane diameter of lower extreme sealing washer 4 than be 1: 5-6;

the material of upper end sealing washer 5 is rubber, mutual extrusion contact between the inboard of upper end sealing washer 5 and the third upper end outer cylinder face of piston 3, and the elastic deformation volume that the inboard of upper end sealing washer 5 takes place and the ratio of the fifth circular plane diameter of upper end sealing washer 5 is 1: 5 ~ 6, mutual extrusion contact between the second middle part inner cylinder face of the outside of upper end sealing washer 5 and cavity 2, the elastic deformation volume that takes place in the outside of upper end sealing washer 5 and the fifth circular plane diameter of upper end sealing washer 5 than be 1: 5-6;

the third cylinder of piston 3 has a length to diameter ratio of 1: 3 to 4.

The isobaric pressure adjusting device for compensating the volume change of the liquid phase charges at different temperatures comprises the following steps:

step 1: assembling the upper end sealing ring 5 with the piston 3;

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring 4 with the piston 3;

and step 3: assembling the piston 3 with the cavity 2;

and 4, step 4: the cavity 2 is assembled with the end cap 1.

The use method of the invention can adopt any one of the following 4 ways:

implementation mode 1: step 1: assembling the upper end sealing ring 5 with the piston 3;

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring 4 with the piston 3;

and step 3: assembling the piston 3 with the cavity 2;

and 4, step 4: with cavity 2 and end cover 1 assembly, a cylinder of 3 upper ends installations of piston, install 4 radial screws on the cylinder of 3 upper ends of piston, 4 radial screw other ends of installation are connected with end cover 1 on the cylinder of 3 upper ends of piston, during free state, 4 radial screws of installation on the cylinder of 3 upper ends of piston are not screwed up, piston 3 can the internal stress of free motion regulation, before the transmission of combat part, 4 radial screws of installation on the cylinder of 3 upper ends of piston are screwed up, make piston 3 can not free motion, guarantee in the transmission of combat part, 3 relative positions of piston are fixed, can not cause the influence to the centre of mass of combat part.

Implementation mode 2: step 1: the end cover 1 is machined on a three-axis linkage numerical control milling machine, after clamping is stable, a twist drill is used for drilling a through hole through the axis of the end cover 1, and then an end mill is used for machining a round hole, so that the end cover 1 is machined;

the blank of the cavity 2 is a round pipe and is processed and formed on a common lathe, the outer cylindrical surface of the lower end of the blank of the cavity 2 is clamped, the upper end annular surface of the cavity 2 is processed by a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, the upper end inner cylindrical surface of the cavity 2 is processed by a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, the middle inner cylindrical surface of the cavity 2 is roughly processed by a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, the middle inner cylindrical surface of the cavity 2 is finely processed by a grooving tool, the upper half outer cylindrical surface of the cavity 2 is processed by a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, the clamping on the cavity 2 is released, the upper end outer cylindrical surface of the cavity 2 is clamped, the lower end inner cylindrical surface of the cavity 2 is processed by a forty-five-degree elbow lathe;

a blank of the piston 3 is a bar material, the blank is processed and molded on a common lathe, the outer cylindrical surface of the lower end of the piston 3 is clamped, a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool is used for processing the upper end circular plane of the piston 3, the outer cylindrical surface of the piston 3 is processed by the forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, a grooving tool is used for processing an upper end annular groove and a lower end annular groove of the piston 3, the clamping on the piston 3 is released, the outer cylindrical surface of the upper end of the piston 3 is clamped, and the lower end surface of the piston 3 is processed, so that;

assembling the upper end sealing ring 5 with the piston 3;

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring 4 with the piston 3;

and step 3: assembling the piston 3 with the cavity 2;

and 4, step 4: the cavity 2 is assembled with the end cover 1, an alarm is arranged on the inner side of a first round hole of the end cover 1, the upper end and the lower end of the piston 3 are respectively provided with a detection joint, the lower end of an inner flange at the second upper end of the cavity 2 is provided with a detection joint, the upper end of an inner flange at the second lower end of the cavity 2 is provided with a detection joint, when the piston 3 moves downwards, the alarm gives an alarm when the detection joint at the lower end of the piston 3 contacts with the detection joint at the upper end of the inner flange at the second lower end of the cavity 2, and when the piston 3 moves upwards, the alarm gives an alarm when the detection joint at the upper end of the piston 3 contacts with the detection joint at the.

Implementation mode 3: step 1: assembling the upper end sealing ring 5 with the piston 3;

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring 4 with the piston 3;

and step 3: assembling the piston 3 with the cavity 2;

and 4, step 4: the cavity 2 and the end cover 1 are assembled, an annular bulge is arranged on a first round hole of the end cover 1, liquid charging is filled inside the annular bulge on the first round hole of the end cover 1, a gear is arranged on the inner side of the annular bulge on the first round hole of the end cover 1, a rack is arranged at the upper end of a circular plane at the third upper end of the piston 3, the rack on the piston 3 and the gear on the inner side of the end cover 1 form a gear-rack transmission mechanism, and when the piston 3 moves, the gear and the rack are engaged to move, so that the axis of the piston 3 is always coincident with the axis of a revolving body of the cavity 2.

Implementation mode 4: step 1: assembling the upper end sealing ring 5 with the piston 3;

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring 4 with the piston 3;

and step 3: assembling the piston 3 with the cavity 2;

and 4, step 4: with cavity 2 and end cover 1 assembly, the detector is installed to the upper end of end cover 1, can detect the position of piston 3 through the detector of end cover 1 upper end, have the signal lamp on the detector of end cover 1 upper end, when 3 distances of piston upper end extreme position is less than 3 centimetres, the signal lamp shows red, when 3 distances of piston lower extreme position is greater than 3 centimetres and apart from the upper end extreme position when being greater than 3 centimetres, the signal lamp shows green.

The invention relates to an isobaric adjusting device for compensating the volume change of liquid-phase charges at different temperatures, which has the following technical effects: when the volume of the liquid changes after expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the volume change of the inner cavity caused by the movement of the piston compensates, and the pressure of the inner cavity and the external pressure are always kept the same in the movement process of the piston. Therefore, no matter the volume of compensation is, the pressure of the liquid in the inner cavity is not increased by the movement of the piston, and the strength of the shell is not weakened by the device in the process of compensating the volume change of the liquid, so that the strength of the shell is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an isobaric pressure regulating device for compensating for volume changes of liquid charges at different temperatures. 1. End cover, 2, cavity, 3, piston, 4, lower extreme sealing washer, 5, upper end sealing washer.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and equivalent changes based on the technical scheme of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an isobaric adjusting device for compensating for volume changes of liquid-phase charges at different temperatures, which includes an end cover 1, and is characterized by further including a cavity 2, a piston 3, a lower end sealing ring 4, and an upper end sealing ring 5;

the working principle of the invention is as follows:

when liquid is filled in a shell without relative movement, the shell cannot move, the inner cavity of the shell is a fixed value, and the volume of the excess liquid can extrude the shell after the liquid expands, so that the internal stress in the shell is large, and the shell is damaged. The principle of the invention lies in that the shell is designed to be capable of moving relatively, the shell can move, the volume of the inner cavity of the shell can be distinguished and protected, and the change of the volume of the liquid is compensated by the change of the volume of the inner cavity of the shell. When liquid expands, the shell moves relatively, so that the volume of the inner cavity is increased, the increased volume of the inner cavity is the same as the expanded volume of the liquid, the internal liquid can keep the same pressure as the outside, and the shell cannot be damaged. When liquid contracts, the shell moves relatively, so that the volume of the inner cavity is reduced, when the reduced volume of the inner cavity is the same as the contracted volume of the liquid, the internal liquid can keep the same pressure as the external pressure, and the shell cannot be damaged.

In the invention, the piston 3 and the cavity 2 can move relatively, namely the piston 3 can slide in the cavity 2. The piston 3 and the cavity 2 are sealed by a lower end sealing ring 4 and an upper end sealing ring 5, so that the invention simultaneously meets two conditions, namely, the liquid is sealed from the outside, and the volume of the inner cavity filled with the liquid can be relatively changed. The volume of the liquid filled inner chamber increases when the piston 3 moves towards the end cap 1 and decreases when the piston 3 moves away from the end cap 1.

When the temperature is increased, the liquid expands when heated, and the internal pressure of the liquid is increased. The atress of piston 3 upper end is atmospheric pressure, and the atress of piston 3 lower extreme is liquid internal stress, because the increase of liquid internal pressure, 3 lower extreme atress of piston surpass the upper end atress, and piston 3 upward movement, piston 3 back of moving, the inner chamber volume increase of filling liquid has compensatied the volume that liquid is heated and expands, and liquid internal stress returns to and is the same with external atmospheric pressure, and piston 3 atress is balanced, stop motion. Through the motion of piston 3, compensatied the volume that liquid is heated and expanded for the internal stress of liquid keeps unanimous with external atmospheric pressure, and consequently, the casing does not receive the damage of liquid internal stress, has avoided the destruction of casing.

When the temperature is lowered, the internal pressure of the liquid is reduced after the liquid is cooled and shrunk. The atress of piston 3 upper end is atmospheric pressure, and the atress of piston 3 lower extreme is liquid internal stress, because liquid internal pressure reduces, and 3 lower extreme atress of piston are less than the upper end atress, and piston 3 downstream, piston 3 back of moving, the inner chamber volume of filling liquid reduces, has compensatied the volume that liquid contracted by the cold, and liquid internal stress returns to and is the same with external atmospheric pressure, and piston 3 atress is balanced, stop motion. Through the motion of piston 3, compensatied the volume that liquid was contracted by the cold for the internal stress of liquid keeps unanimous with external atmospheric pressure, and consequently, the casing does not receive the damage that liquid internal stress is less than external atmospheric pressure and causes, has avoided the destruction of casing.

The material of lower extreme sealing washer 4 is rubber, and mutual extrusion contact between the inboard of lower extreme sealing washer 4 and the third lower extreme outer cylindrical surface of piston 3 has regarding the elastic deformation volume that takes place of the inboard of lower extreme sealing washer 4, has following consideration: the problem of insufficient sealing and leakage exists if the elastic deformation generated on the inner side of the lower end sealing ring 4 is insufficient; if the elastic deformation amount of the inner side of the lower end sealing ring 4 is too much, on one hand, the overstock amount of the lower end sealing ring 4 is too large, the assembly difficulty is large, and the working time is increased, on the other hand, after the lower end sealing ring 4 is excessively extruded, the lower end sealing ring 4 is permanently deformed and does not have good elasticity, and after the lower end sealing ring 4 is used for a period of time, the lower end sealing ring 4 losing elasticity does not have sealing performance and can leak.

Therefore, the deformation evaluation criteria for the lower seal ring 4 are mainly three items: sealing performance; difficulty in assembly; no permanent deformation occurs. According to the importance of the three items, scores are respectively made against three evaluation criteria:

sealing property: completely sealing for 10 minutes; leakage occurs, 10 minutes is minus;

the assembly difficulty is as follows: assembling smoothly, 5 minutes; assembly can be carried out only by knocking for 3 minutes; 2 minutes of assembly can be achieved only by designing a shrinkage tool;

no permanent deformation occurs: no permanent deformation at all, 5 minutes; the permanent deformation within 10 percent is generated, and the rate is 3 minutes; 10 to 15 percent of permanent deformation amount occurs, 2 minutes; more than 15% permanent deformation occurs, 10 minutes;

dividing the ratio of the elastic deformation generated on the inner side of the lower end sealing ring 4 to the diameter of the fourth circular plane of the lower end sealing ring 4 into the following intervals: 1: 3-4, 1: 4-5, 1: 5-6, 1: 6-7, 1: 7-8, 1: 8-9.

The lower end sealing rings 4 in the above sections are respectively tested and evaluated according to the above three criteria, and the obtained scores are as follows:

it is found through experiments that the ratio of the amount of elastic deformation occurring inside the lower end seal ring 4 to the diameter of the fourth circular plane of the lower end seal ring 4 is 1: 5-6, the value obtained is the highest, so the ratio of the elastic deformation of the inner side of the lower end sealing ring 4 to the diameter of the fourth circular plane of the lower end sealing ring 4 is 1: 5 to 6.

In this embodiment, the ratio of the elastic deformation amount occurring inside the lower end seal ring 4 to the diameter of the fourth circular plane of the lower end seal ring 4 is 1: 5.

mutual extrusion contact between the outside of lower extreme sealing washer 4 and the second middle part inner cylinder face of cavity 2, the elastic deformation volume that takes place in the outside of lower extreme sealing washer 4 is the same with the elastic deformation volume principle that takes place in the inboard of lower extreme sealing washer 4, therefore, the elastic deformation volume that takes place in the outside of lower extreme sealing washer 4 and the fourth plane diameter of lower extreme sealing washer 4 than be 1: 5-6;

in this embodiment, the ratio of the elastic deformation amount occurring on the outer side of the lower end seal ring 4 to the diameter of the fourth circular plane of the lower end seal ring 4 is 1: 5.

the material of upper end sealing washer 5 is rubber, mutual extrusion contact between the inboard of upper end sealing washer 5 and the third upper end outer cylinder face of piston 3, and the elastic deformation volume that the inboard of upper end sealing washer 5 takes place is the same with the elastic deformation volume principle that the inboard of lower extreme sealing washer 4 takes place, and consequently, the elastic deformation volume that the inboard of upper end sealing washer 5 takes place and the fifth disc plane diameter ratio of diameter of upper end sealing washer 5 is 1: 5-6;

in this embodiment, the ratio of the amount of elastic deformation occurring inside the upper end seal ring 5 to the diameter of the fifth circular plane of the upper end seal ring 5 is 1: 5.

mutual extrusion contact between the outside of upper end sealing washer 5 and the second middle part inner cylinder face of cavity 2, the elastic deformation volume that takes place in the outside of upper end sealing washer 5 is the same with the elastic deformation volume principle that takes place in the inboard of lower extreme sealing washer 4, therefore, the elastic deformation volume that takes place in the outside of upper end sealing washer 5 and the fifth plane diameter ratio of upper end sealing washer 5 are 1: 5-6;

in this embodiment, the ratio of the elastic deformation amount occurring outside the upper end seal ring 5 to the fifth circular plane diameter of the upper end seal ring 5 is 1: 5.

regarding the ratio of the length to the diameter of the third cylinder of the piston 3, the following considerations apply: when the ratio of the length of the third cylinder of the piston 3 to the diameter is too small, the piston 3 is in the repeated movement process inside the cavity 2, the phenomenon of blocking easily occurs, namely the piston 3 inclines in the movement process, and an included angle is formed between the axis of the piston 3 and the axis of the cavity 2, because the ratio of the length of the third cylinder of the piston 3 to the diameter is too small, the length of the cavity 2 is small, once the piston 3 is blocked, the piston 3 stops moving, the passing movement is lost, and the size of the inner space is adjusted. When the ratio of the length to the diameter of the third cylinder of the piston 3 is too large, the relative movement distance of the piston 3 between the lowermost end and the uppermost end inside the chamber 2 decreases. I.e. the difference in cavity volume in the liquid charge at the two extreme positions of movement of the piston 3 is too small. That is, the volume of the liquid charging cavity can be adjusted through the movement of the piston 3, and the adjustable volume is determined by the movable amplitude of the piston 3. When the ratio of the length to the diameter of the third cylinder of the piston 3 is too large, the length of the third cylinder of the piston 3 is too long, and the distance that the chamber 2 moves from the lowermost end to the uppermost end is reduced, and therefore, the volume to be adjusted is reduced, reducing the ability to compensate for the change in the volume of the liquid. It has been found through experimentation that when the ratio of the length to the diameter of the third cylinder of the piston 3 is 1: 3 ~ 4 hours, piston 3 can not appear blocking phenomenon in the repeated motion in-process in cavity 2, and the axial length of piston 3 has also reduced to the lower degree as far as, and the ability that adjusts the liquid volume change exerts to the biggest. Thus. The third cylinder of piston 3 has a length to diameter ratio of 1: 3 to 4.

In this embodiment, the ratio of the length to the diameter of the third cylinder of the piston 3 is 1: 3.

step 1: assembling the upper end sealing ring 5 with the piston 3;

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring 4 with the piston 3;

and step 3: assembling the piston 3 with the cavity 2;

According to the isobaric adjusting device for compensating the volume change of the liquid-phase charging at different temperatures, when the volume of liquid is changed after expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the volume change of the inner cavity caused by the movement of the piston is compensated, and the pressure of the inner cavity and the external pressure are always kept the same in the movement process of the piston. Therefore, no matter the volume of compensation is, the pressure of the liquid in the inner cavity is not increased by the movement of the piston, and the strength of the shell is not weakened by the device in the process of compensating the volume change of the liquid, so that the strength of the shell is ensured.

Example 2:

the working principle of the invention is as follows:

In this embodiment, the ratio of the elastic deformation amount occurring inside the lower end seal ring 4 to the diameter of the fourth circular plane of the lower end seal ring 4 is 1: 6.

in this embodiment, the ratio of the elastic deformation amount occurring on the outer side of the lower end seal ring 4 to the diameter of the fourth circular plane of the lower end seal ring 4 is 1: 6.

in this embodiment, the ratio of the amount of elastic deformation occurring inside the upper end seal ring 5 to the diameter of the fifth circular plane of the upper end seal ring 5 is 1: 6.

in this embodiment, the ratio of the elastic deformation amount occurring outside the upper end seal ring 5 to the fifth circular plane diameter of the upper end seal ring 5 is 1: 6.

In this embodiment, the ratio of the length to the diameter of the third cylinder of the piston 3 is 1: 4.

step 1: the end cover 1 is machined on a three-axis linkage numerical control milling machine, after clamping is stable, a twist drill is used for drilling a through hole through the axis of the end cover 1, and then an end mill is used for machining a round hole, so that the end cover 1 is machined;

assembling the upper end sealing ring 5 with the piston 3;

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring 4 with the piston 3;

and step 3: assembling the piston 3 with the cavity 2;

Due to the movement of the piston 3, the internal charging volume is adjusted, thereby avoiding the damage of the shell caused by overlarge internal stress. And the extreme positions of movement of the piston 3 are uppermost and lowermost. When the piston 3 reaches the limit movement position, the piston can not move continuously in the same direction, and at the moment, if the internal stress continuously changes, the internal stress in the shell is still too large to damage. Therefore, the detection joints are arranged at the two extreme positions of the piston 3, so that when the piston 3 reaches the extreme positions, the alarm gives an alarm to inform a worker that the piston 3 reaches the extreme positions, the piston 3 cannot move continuously to adjust the internal stress, the shell is in a dangerous state, and other methods are adopted to solve the problem of overlarge internal stress as soon as possible, so that the shell is prevented from being damaged.

According to the isobaric adjusting device for compensating the volume change of the liquid-phase charging at different temperatures, when the volume of liquid is changed after expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the volume change of the inner cavity caused by the movement of the piston is compensated, and the pressure of the inner cavity and the external pressure are always kept the same in the movement process of the piston. Therefore, no matter the volume of compensation is, the pressure of the liquid in the inner cavity is not increased by the movement of the piston, and the strength of the shell is not weakened by the device in the process of compensating the volume change of the liquid, so that the strength of the shell is ensured. And the device has the early warning function, has further guaranteed the security of casing.

Example 3:

the working principle of the invention is as follows:

step 1: assembling the upper end sealing ring 5 with the piston 3;

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring 4 with the piston 3;

and step 3: assembling the piston 3 with the cavity 2;

Because the liquid-phase fuel is filled in the cloud blasting warhead, when the warhead is thrown, if air exists in the warhead, the liquid-phase fuel and the air can move in a strong convection manner and ignite, and the fire leaping phenomenon occurs, because the liquid-phase charge is filled in the inner side of the annular bulge on the first round hole of the end cover 1, the air in the warhead is avoided, the liquid-phase fuel is completely in the warhead, the fire leaping is avoided, the axial line of the piston 3 is always coincident with the axial line of the revolving body of the cavity 2 through gear and rack transmission, the problem that the piston 3 is clamped after being inclined is avoided, and the reliability of adjusting the internal charge stress of the piston 3 is guaranteed.

According to the isobaric adjusting device for compensating the volume change of the liquid-phase charging at different temperatures, when the volume of liquid is changed after expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the volume change of the inner cavity caused by the movement of the piston is compensated, and the pressure of the inner cavity and the external pressure are always kept the same in the movement process of the piston. Therefore, no matter the volume of compensation is, the pressure of the liquid in the inner cavity is not increased by the movement of the piston, and the strength of the shell is not weakened by the device in the process of compensating the volume change of the liquid, so that the strength of the shell is ensured. The invention also has the function of fire leaping prevention, and the reliability of the warhead is further improved.

Example 4:

the working principle of the invention is as follows:

step 1: assembling the upper end sealing ring 5 with the piston 3;

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring 4 with the piston 3;

and step 3: assembling the piston 3 with the cavity 2;

Because piston 3 adjusts inside powder charge volume through the up-and-down motion, and then adjusts inside powder charge internal stress, guarantees casing intensity, nevertheless when piston 3 moved upper and lower extreme position, just can not continue to move, also can not continue to adjust inside volume, also can not continue to adjust inside stress. Therefore, a detector is arranged at the upper end of the end cover 1, the position of the piston 3 is detected, when the piston 3 is close to the limit position upwards or downwards, the piston is changed into red through a signal lamp, a warning is provided for the members of the project group, the members of the project group consider the solution in advance, the danger is eliminated in the bud, and any accident is avoided. When the piston 3 has a large movement margin all the time, the signal lamp is green and shows safety.

According to the isobaric adjusting device for compensating the volume change of the liquid-phase charging at different temperatures, when the volume of liquid is changed after expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the volume change of the inner cavity caused by the movement of the piston is compensated, and the pressure of the inner cavity and the external pressure are always kept the same in the movement process of the piston. Therefore, no matter the volume of compensation is, the pressure of the liquid in the inner cavity is not increased by the movement of the piston, and the strength of the shell is not weakened by the device in the process of compensating the volume change of the liquid, so that the strength of the shell is ensured. The invention improves the security control of the shell.

Claims

1. An isobaric adjusting device for compensating different temperature liquid phase charging volume changes comprises an end cover (1), and is characterized by further comprising a cavity (2), a piston (3), a lower end sealing ring (4) and an upper end sealing ring (5);

the end cover (1) is a first circular plate, the first circular plate of the end cover (1) is a revolving body, the center of the end cover (1) is provided with a first round hole, the lower end surface of the end cover (1) is a first lower end annular surface, and the upper end surface of the end cover (1) is a first upper end annular surface;

the end cover (1) is an end cover of the liquid-phase charging warhead, liquid-phase charging is filled in a closed space formed by the end cover (1) and other parts of a warhead shell, and the axis of a rotary body of the end cover (1) is vertical to a first upper end annular surface of the end cover (1);

the cavity (2) is a second cylinder, the second cylinder of the cavity (2) is a revolving body, the upper end of the second cylinder of the cavity (2) is provided with a second upper end inner flange, the upper end surface of the second upper end inner flange of the cavity (2) is a second upper end upper circular ring surface, the lower end surface of the second upper end inner flange of the cavity (2) is a second upper end lower circular ring surface, the inner side surface of the second upper end inner flange of the cavity (2) is a second upper end inner circular ring surface, the lower end of the second cylinder of the cavity (2) is provided with a second lower end inner flange, the upper end surface of the second lower end inner flange of the cavity (2) is a second lower end upper circular ring surface, the lower end surface of the second lower end inner flange of the cavity (2) is a second lower end lower circular ring surface, the inner side surface of the second lower end inner flange of the cavity (2) is a second lower end inner circular ring surface, and the inner side surface of the second cylinder of the cavity;

the cavity (2) is positioned at the lower end of the end cover (1), the axis of the revolving body of the cavity (2) is superposed with the axis of the revolving body of the end cover (1), the upper annular surface of the second upper end of the cavity (2) is hermetically connected with the annular surface of the first lower end of the end cover (1), and the diameter of the inner cylindrical surface of the second upper end of the cavity (2) is the same as that of the first circular hole of the end cover (1);

the piston (3) is a third cylinder, the third cylinder of the piston (3) is a revolving body, the upper end surface of the third cylinder of the piston (3) is a third upper end circular plane, the lower end surface of the third cylinder of the piston (3) is a third lower end circular plane, the side surface of the third cylinder of the piston (3) is a third outer cylindrical surface, the upper end of the third outer cylindrical surface of the piston (3) is provided with a third upper end annular groove, the upper end surface of the third upper end annular groove of the piston (3) is a third upper end upper circular surface, the lower end surface of the third upper end annular groove of the piston (3) is a third upper end lower circular surface, the side surface of the third upper end annular groove of the piston (3) is a third upper end outer cylindrical surface, the lower end of the third outer cylindrical surface of the piston (3) is provided with a third lower end annular groove, the upper end surface of the third lower end annular groove of the piston (3) is a third lower end upper circular surface, the lower end surface of the third lower end annular groove of the piston (3) is a third lower end annular surface, the side surface of the annular groove at the third lower end of the piston (3) is an outer cylindrical surface at the third lower end;

the piston (3) is positioned at the inner side of the cavity (2), the axis of the rotary body of the piston (3) is superposed with the axis of the rotary body of the cavity (2), a third outer cylindrical surface of the piston (3) is contacted with an inner cylindrical surface of the second middle part of the cavity (2), a third upper end circular plane of the piston (3) is positioned at the lower end of a second upper end lower circular ring surface of the cavity (2), and a third lower end circular plane of the piston (3) is positioned at the upper end of an upper circular ring surface of the second lower end of the cavity (2);

the lower end sealing ring (4) is a revolving body, and the section of the revolving body of the lower end sealing ring (4) is a fourth circular plane;

the axis of a revolving body of the lower end sealing ring (4) is superposed with the axis of a revolving body of the piston (3), the lower end sealing ring (4) is positioned in a third lower end annular groove of the piston (3), the inner side of the lower end sealing ring (4) is contacted with the outer cylindrical surface of the third lower end of the piston (3), and the outer side of the lower end sealing ring (4) is contacted with the inner cylindrical surface of the second middle part of the cavity (2);

the upper end sealing ring (5) is a revolving body, and the section of the revolving body of the upper end sealing ring (5) is a fifth circular plane;

the axis of a revolving body of the upper end sealing ring (5) is superposed with the axis of a revolving body of the piston (3), the upper end sealing ring (5) is positioned in a third upper end annular groove of the piston (3), the inner side of the upper end sealing ring (5) is contacted with the outer cylindrical surface of the third upper end of the piston (3), and the outer side of the upper end sealing ring (5) is contacted with the inner cylindrical surface of the second middle part of the cavity (2);

the material of lower extreme sealing washer (4) is rubber, mutual extrusion contact between the inboard of lower extreme sealing washer (4) and the third lower extreme outer cylinder surface of piston (3), and the elastic deformation volume that the inboard of lower extreme sealing washer (4) takes place and the fourth planum diameter of lower extreme sealing washer (4) than is 1: 5 ~ 6, mutual extrusion contact between the second middle part inner cylinder face of the outside of lower extreme sealing washer (4) and cavity (2), the elastic deformation volume that takes place in the outside of lower extreme sealing washer (4) and the fourth circular plane diameter ratio of lower extreme sealing washer (4) are 1: 5-6;

the material of upper end sealing washer (5) is rubber, mutual extrusion contact between the inboard of upper end sealing washer (5) and the third upper end outer cylinder face of piston (3), and the elastic deformation volume that takes place of the inboard of upper end sealing washer (5) and the ratio of the fifth circular plane diameter of upper end sealing washer (5) are 1: 5 ~ 6, mutual extrusion contact between the second middle part inner cylinder face of the outside of upper end sealing washer (5) and cavity (2), the elastic deformation volume that takes place in the outside of upper end sealing washer (5) and the fifth circular plane diameter ratio of upper end sealing washer (5) are 1: 5-6;

the ratio of the length to the diameter of the third cylinder of the piston (3) is 1: 3-4;

step 1: assembling an upper end sealing ring (5) with the piston (3);

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring (4) with the piston (3);

and step 3: assembling the piston (3) with the cavity (2);

and 4, step 4: and assembling the cavity (2) and the end cover (1).

2. An isobaric regulating device for compensating for volume variations in liquid charges at different temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

step 1: assembling an upper end sealing ring (5) with the piston (3);

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring (4) with the piston (3);

and step 3: assembling the piston (3) with the cavity (2);

and 4, step 4: with cavity (2) and end cover (1) assembly, cylinder of piston (3) upper end installation, install 4 radial screws on the cylinder of piston (3) upper end, 4 radial screw other ends of installation are connected with end cover (1) on the cylinder of piston (3) upper end, during free state, 4 radial screws of installation are not screwed up on the cylinder of piston (3) upper end, piston (3) can the internal stress of free motion regulation, before the transmission of warhead, 4 radial screws of installation are screwed up on the cylinder of piston (3) upper end, make piston (3) can not the free motion, guarantee in the transmission of warhead, piston (3) relative position is fixed, can not cause the influence to the warhead barycenter.

3. An isobaric regulating device for compensating for volume variations in liquid charges at different temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

step 1: the end cover (1) is machined on a three-axis linkage numerical control milling machine, after clamping is stable, a twist drill is used for drilling a through hole through the axis of the end cover (1), and then an end mill is used for machining a round hole, so that the end cover (1) is machined;

the method comprises the following steps of (1) machining a blank of a cavity (2) into a round pipe on a common lathe, clamping an outer cylindrical surface at the lower end of the blank of the cavity (2), machining a circular ring surface at the upper end of the cavity (2) by using a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, machining an inner cylindrical surface at the upper end of the cavity (2) by using a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, roughly machining an inner cylindrical surface in the middle of the cavity (2) by using a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, finely machining the inner cylindrical surface in the middle of the cavity (2) by using a grooving tool, machining an outer cylindrical surface at the upper half part of the cavity (2) by using a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, loosening clamping the cavity (2), clamping an outer cylindrical surface at the upper end of the cavity (2), machining the inner cylindrical surface at the lower end of the cavity (2);

the blank of the piston (3) is a bar material, the blank is processed and formed on a common lathe, the outer cylindrical surface of the lower end of the piston (3) is clamped, the circular plane of the upper end of the piston (3) is processed by a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, the outer cylindrical surface of the piston (3) is processed by a forty-five-degree elbow lathe tool, the annular groove of the upper end and the annular groove of the lower end of the piston (3) are processed by a grooving tool, the clamping on the piston (3) is released, the outer cylindrical surface of the upper end of the piston (3) is clamped, the lower end surface of the piston (3) is processed, and;

assembling an upper end sealing ring (5) with the piston (3);

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring (4) with the piston (3);

and step 3: assembling the piston (3) with the cavity (2);

and 4, step 4: the cavity (2) is assembled with the end cover (1), an alarm is installed on the inner side of a first round hole of the end cover (1), detection joints are installed on the upper end and the lower end of a piston (3) respectively, the lower end of an inner flange on the second upper end of the cavity (2) is provided with a detection joint, the upper end of the inner flange on the second lower end of the cavity (2) is provided with a detection joint, when the piston (3) moves downwards, the alarm gives an alarm when the detection joint on the lower end of the piston (3) contacts with the detection joint on the upper end of the inner flange on the second lower end of the cavity (2), and when the piston (3) moves upwards, the alarm gives an alarm when the detection joint on the upper end of the piston (3) contacts with the detection joint on the lower end of the.

4. An isobaric regulating device for compensating for volume variations in liquid charges at different temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

step 1: assembling an upper end sealing ring (5) with the piston (3);

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring (4) with the piston (3);

and step 3: assembling the piston (3) with the cavity (2);

and 4, step 4: assembling a cavity (2) and an end cover (1), wherein an annular bulge is arranged on a first round hole of the end cover (1), liquid-phase charging is loaded on the inner side of the annular bulge on the first round hole of the end cover (1), a gear is arranged on the inner side of the annular bulge on the first round hole of the end cover (1), a rack is arranged at the upper end of a third upper end circular plane of a piston (3), a rack-and-pinion transmission mechanism is formed by a rack on the piston (3) and a gear on the inner side of the end cover (1), and when the piston (3) moves, the gear and the rack are meshed to move, so that the axis of the piston (3) is always kept to coincide with the axis of a revolving body of the.

5. An isobaric regulating device for compensating for volume variations in liquid charges at different temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

step 1: assembling an upper end sealing ring (5) with the piston (3);

step 2: assembling the lower end sealing ring (4) with the piston (3);

and step 3: assembling the piston (3) with the cavity (2);

and 4, step 4: with cavity (2) and end cover (1) assembly, the upper end installation detector of end cover (1), the detector through end cover (1) upper end can detect the position of piston (3), have the signal lamp on the detector of end cover (1) upper end, when piston (3) is less than 3 centimetres apart from upper end extreme position, the signal lamp shows red, when piston (3) is less than 3 centimetres apart from lower extreme position, the signal lamp shows red, when piston (3) is greater than 3 centimetres apart from lower extreme position and apart from upper end extreme position and be greater than 3 centimetres, the signal lamp shows green.