CN110645256A

CN110645256A - Positive and negative rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration large load

Info

Publication number: CN110645256A
Application number: CN201911068256.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张家陶
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-11-05
Filing date: 2019-11-05
Publication date: 2020-01-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a positive and negative rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load, which comprises a bolt, a fastening nut, a locking nut and an opening elastic ratchet ring, wherein the fastening nut comprises a fastening section and a locking section, the fastening section is provided with an internal thread matched with the bolt, the locking section is provided with an external thread and an elastic locking piece, and the elastic locking piece is provided with an internal non-return ratchet; the locking nut is provided with a one-way non-return ratchet, a reverse-rotation internal thread and a raised ring; the internal counter-rotation threads are matched with the external counter-rotation threads on the fastening nut, the bulge ring slides along the external conical surface of the elastic locking plate on the fastening nut when the fastening nut is screwed down, the elastic locking plate is compressed to contract towards the center, and finally the internal check ratchet on the elastic locking plate is meshed with the external check ratchet on the bolt. One-way non-return ratchets are arranged on two sides of the opening elastic ratchet ring and are respectively matched with the one-way non-return ratchets on the fastening nut and the locking nut to form an interlocking structure together with positive and negative rotation, and the problem that the threaded connection assembly is loosened due to vibration can be effectively solved.

Description

Positive and negative rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration large load

Technical Field

The invention relates to a positive and negative rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load, which comprises a bolt, a fastening nut, a locking nut and a ratchet ring and can effectively prevent the loosening of the threaded connection assembly.

Background

Under static load, self-locking is formed between the thread pairs by friction force, and the bolt cannot be loosened; under the conditions of alternating load and impact, the friction force between the thread pairs disappears instantaneously, and the thread pairs are relatively convoluted; the core of preventing such loosening is to prevent relative rotation between the thread pairs.

The patent (application No. 201520644396.3) designs a rigid serrated washer and serrated nut to prevent loosening. However, the patent faces the problems that rigid saw teeth (or ratchets) cannot span, the ratchets cannot be tightly matched, and the tightening angle cannot be continuously adjusted;

patent (application No. 91230168.6) and patent (application No. 200980149552.6) disclose a nut with an elastic ratchet piece and a ratchet structure for preventing loosening, but the elastic ratchet piece of the nut in these patents cannot be continuously adjusted during tightening, and the elastic ratchet piece cannot be just clamped into a ratchet groove of the nut when the nut is screwed to an optimal pretightening force angle. Thus, a rotatable convolution angle is reserved for loosening the nut;

the patent (application number 200820222783.8) has set up locking ratchet at the nut inner chamber, makes locking ratchet and the ratchet cooperation on the screw rod terminal surface through the spring, realizes the interlocking. However, the nut is of a non-penetrating structure, the screwing-in depth of the screw is limited by the depth of the inner cavity of the nut, and the universality is poor;

the screw thread rotating directions of the forward rotating screw thread and the backward rotating screw thread (or the left rotating screw thread and the right rotating screw thread) are different, the screwing direction and the loosening direction are contradictory during coaxial assembly, and the screw thread screwing and loosening device can be used for preventing the loosening problem of bolt connection.

The patent (application number 99114345.0) discloses a left-hand and right-hand staggered compound thread (called as a Down's thread or a bolt), but the staggered processing of the threads can reduce the bearing sectional area of the threads and reduce the bearing capacity, and is only suitable for working conditions with less vibration and alternating load;

similarly, the patent (201910043589.6) discloses interlocking on a down bolt by engaging a tab on the lock nut with a ratchet on the fastening nut. Patents (application No. 201910336972.0) and (application No. 201910528658.2) disclose that crossed positive and negative screw threads are arranged on a screw rod, and rigid ratchets are arranged on the joint surfaces of positive and negative rotating nuts, and the patents not only have the same problems as those of a down bolt, but also have the problem that the rigid ratchets cannot span;

the patent (application No. 201810797516.1), the patent (application No. 200920218937.0), the patent (application No. 201711009526.6), the patent (application No. 201010554795.2) and the patent (application No. 201620299446.3) all attempt to prevent the loosening of the fastening nut by using a lock nut which is opposite to the screwing direction of the fastening nut. These patent surfaces seem to utilize the relation of positive and negative rotation (or left and right rotation) to realize interlocking, but neglect the problem that the locknut itself also faces the looseness, only the locking nut of negative rotation itself will play the locking role when not loosening. Because the locking nut is difficult to meet the anti-loosening requirement under the strong vibration working condition only by friction. However, there is no effective way to prevent loosening of the lock nut in these patents. Although it is mentioned in the patent (application No. 201711009526.6) that the anti-loosening function of the locking ring is achieved by increasing friction through the taper of the side wall and the high surface roughness, under the working conditions of strong vibration and heavy load, and when the side wall of the locking ring is not in contact with other objects, the anti-loosening function of friction does not work, and the anti-loosening problem of the anti-loosening self-locking ring also occurs;

the patent (application No. 201721699037.3) discloses an anti-loose screw assembly using left-handed thread sleeve and right-handed thread on screw to form interlocking, wherein an annular tapered sleeve and a tapered groove are respectively designed on the contact surface of the threaded sleeve and the head of the screw, and the tapered sleeve is pressed into the tapered groove to achieve the interlocking effect. Although the problem of looseness of the locking part is solved, the conical sleeve needs large force for pressing in and taking out, and is seriously worn after being disassembled and assembled for many times, so that the interlocking capability is lost subsequently; in addition, the patent is only applicable to blind threaded connections;

when the locking nut assembly designed in the patent (application No. 201720839130.3) is to be connected to the outer periphery of a basic nut (fastening nut) through a locking nut, the inner peripheral cone structure of the locking nut compresses an elastic part on the outer peripheral cone structure of the basic nut in a bolt groove, so that the locking effect is achieved. However, the problem of the patent is that under the working condition of strong vibration, the locking nut has no anti-loosening function and can also generate convolution loosening. The loosened locking nut cannot provide locking force for the cone structure of the basic nut, and finally the basic nut is loosened; the same design is also adopted in the patent (application No. 201510247155. X), but none of them solves the problem of loosening of the locknut itself.

In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that although the prior patent designs numerous nuts or bolts with self-locking capability, four problems exist: (1) the components of the rigid ratchet (or saw tooth) cannot cross each other; (2) the ratchet can not flexibly and continuously match the nut pre-tightening optimal corner; (3) the locknut has no anti-loosening capability, so that positive and negative rotation does not form effective interlocking. In order to solve the problem of looseness of bolts caused by vibration and other reasons, the anti-loosening bolt connecting assembly capable of effectively forming interlocking by positive and negative rotation needs to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention conception is as follows: the ratchet (or sawtooth) structure has the function of preventing rotation; the positive and negative rotation threads can be restricted with each other due to the opposite rotation directions. A number of patents have considered the use of ratchet and positive and negative rotation principles to design anti-loosening bolted connections, but two problems have been ignored in many of the existing designs: (1) rigid ratchets cannot span; (2) the anti-loosening measures of the anti-loosening locking component are avoided. Therefore, to solve these problems, it is necessary that the forward and reverse rotation nuts can be interlocked with each other in a truly effective manner without hindering continuous change of the rotation angle of the fastening nut when it is tightened. Therefore, the invention provides a method for effectively interlocking the forward and backward rotation nuts by using the open elastic ratchet ring, and preventing the problem of convolution and looseness of each part due to vibration.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a positive and negative rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load.

Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention is that the positive and negative rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connecting component suitable for strong vibration and large load comprises a bolt, a fastening nut, a locking nut and a ratchet ring, and is characterized in that:

outer non-return ratchets which are axially arranged are uniformly distributed at the outer end of the threaded rod of the bolt;

the fastening nut comprises a fastening section and a locking section which are connected into a whole, the internal thread of the fastening section is matched with the external thread of the bolt, and the annular boss on the outer end face of the fastening section is provided with one-way non-return ratchets which are distributed in a fan shape; the locking section is provided with external threads, the outer end of the locking section extends outwards to be connected with an elastic locking plate with the outer diameter gradually reduced to be in an outer cone structure, axial grooves are uniformly formed in the outer end surface of the elastic locking plate in an extending mode towards the connecting end of the locking section and the fastening section, and inner non-return ratchets which are matched with the outer non-return ratchets on the bolt and are arranged in the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the inner ring of the outer cone structure of the elastic locking plate;

the locking nut comprises one-way non-return ratchets, internal threads and a raised ring, the one-way non-return ratchets are uniformly distributed on an annular boss on the inner end surface of the locking nut in a fan shape, the internal threads of the locking nut are matched with the external threads of the locking section of the fastening nut, the raised ring radially extends towards the center along the outer end of the internal threads of the locking nut, and the radius of the top of the raised ring is smaller than the maximum radius of an outer cone of an elastic locking plate on the fastening nut;

the ratchet ring is an open elastic ratchet ring, the open elastic ratchet ring is provided with a ring body which is close to a circle of spiral shape, the head end and the tail end of the ring body are staggered up and down to form an elastic opening, and a plurality of fan-shaped continuously arranged one-way non-return ratchets are respectively arranged on the ring body at the two side surfaces of the open elastic ratchet ring;

wherein:

the internal thread of the fastening section of the fastening nut has the same rotating direction as the external thread of the bolt; the internal thread of the locking nut and the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut have the same rotating direction and are opposite to the rotating direction of the thread of the bolt; the opening elastic ratchet ring has the same rotation direction with the external thread of the bolt;

the fastening nut is in threaded connection with the bolt through the fastening section of the fastening nut, the opening elastic ratchet ring is arranged on the locking section of the fastening nut in a penetrating mode, the locking nut is in threaded connection with the external thread of the fastening nut locking section through the internal thread of the locking nut, the opening elastic ratchet ring is clamped between the fastening nut and the locking nut, and the one-way check ratchets on the two sides of the opening elastic ratchet ring are respectively matched with the one-way check ratchets on the fastening section of the fastening nut and the one-way check ratchets on the inner end face of the locking nut;

in the tightening process of the locking nut, the one-way check ratchet on the fastening section of the fastening nut is matched with the one-way check ratchet on the opening elastic ratchet ring, only the fastening nut is allowed to rotate along the tightening direction, and the fastening nut is prevented from rotating along the loosening direction; the one-way check ratchet on the opening elastic ratchet ring is matched with the one-way check ratchet on the locking nut, only the locking nut is allowed to rotate along the tightening direction, and the locking nut is prevented from rotating along the loosening direction;

in the process of screwing the locking nut, the opening elastic ratchet ring is compressed to generate elasticity and reacts on the locking nut; the bulge ring in the locking nut slides towards the direction of the fastening nut along the outer conical surface of the elastic locking plate on the fastening nut and presses the elastic locking plate to contract towards the center, so that the inner check ratchet on the elastic locking plate is meshed with the outer check ratchet on the bolt, and the inner check ratchet only allows the bolt to rotate along the tightening direction and prevents the bolt from rotating along the loosening direction; the outer check ratchet allows the fastening nut to rotate only in the tightening direction and prevents the fastening nut from rotating in the loosening direction.

Preferably, when the external thread of the bolt is in forward rotation, the internal thread of the fastening nut is in forward rotation, the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut is in reverse rotation, the internal thread of the locking nut is in reverse rotation, and the opening elastic ratchet ring is in forward rotation; similarly, when the external thread of the bolt is in the reverse rotation, the internal thread of the fastening nut is in the reverse rotation, the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut is in the forward rotation, the internal thread of the locking nut is in the forward rotation, and the elastic ratchet ring of the opening is in the reverse rotation.

Preferably, one open end of the split elastic ratchet ring is provided with a tail handle for facilitating disassembly and unlocking in an extending way, and the other open end of the split elastic ratchet ring is provided with an overlapping section for preventing locking in an extending way, wherein: the overlapping section is provided with a notch, and the overlapping section is connected with the opening elastic ratchet ring main body through a thin neck.

Preferably, the ring bodies of the two side surface parts of the open elastic ratchet ring are respectively provided with a plurality of one-way check ratchets which are continuously arranged in a fan shape, and the one-way check ratchets are only arranged on one section close to the open end of the ring body.

Preferably, the cross sections of all the one-way check ratchets, the outer check ratchets and the inner check ratchets are in a right-angled triangle structure, the binding surfaces between the mutually matched ratchet teeth are a guide inclined surface and a limiting right-angled surface, and the structure and the action follow the basic check principle: the matched parts are allowed to rotate along the respective screwing directions through the guide inclined planes, the limiting right-angle surfaces attached to each other prevent the parts from rotating along the loosening direction, and the non-return direction of the ratchet is changed along with the change of the screwing direction of the threads.

Has the advantages that:

the split elastic ratchet ring designed by the invention has the following outstanding innovation points: (1) the ratchets on the two surfaces are respectively matched with the ratchets on the fastening nut and the locking nut, so that the fastening nut and the locking nut which are in a forward and reverse rotation relation form a whole, mutual restriction is really realized, and the problem of loosening of the locking nut is solved; (2) the compressibility of the split elastic ring solves the problem that the rigid ratchet ring cannot span.

The idea of preventing loosening of the nut by utilizing the contradiction of the forward and reverse rotation relationship has appeared in a plurality of patents, but some patents ignore that the reverse rotation lock nut cannot resist vibration only by friction. Because the vibration can cause the friction to disappear instantly no matter how the screw thread is screwed, and at the moment, the lock nut can be loosened no matter the fastening nut is good, so that the problem that the lock nut is loosened by utilizing the forward and reverse rotation interlocking is solved, in other words, effective interlocking cannot be formed by friction. In this patent, the interlock formed by the clockwise and counterclockwise nuts using the split resilient ratchet ring is a structural interlock, and any vibration cannot cause the interlock to fail.

Set up caudal peduncle and overlapping section on the elastic ratchet ring of opening, because when the gap between caudal peduncle and the overlapping section is less than the ratchet height, the one-way non return ratchet of mutual interlock on elastic ratchet ring of opening and the lock nut can't break away from the interlock state, lock promptly, need apply circumferential force to the overlapping section this moment, let thin neck department break off, when applying axial force to the caudal peduncle again, the space of the elastic ratchet ring afterbody whereabouts of opening this moment is greater than the ratchet height, the ratchet of mutual interlock can separate, accomplish the unblock.

The plurality of one-way check ratchets which are continuously arranged in a fan shape are arranged on one section of the opening elastic ratchet ring close to the opening end of the ring body, namely, a plurality of ratchets are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the head part and the tail part of the opening elastic ratchet ring. The ratchet teeth at the head part and the tail part of the opening are firstly meshed with the ratchet teeth on the nut, and the ratchet teeth at other positions are gradually meshed with the ratchet teeth on the nut along with the increase of the compression amount of the elastic ratchet ring of the opening along the axial direction. Therefore, the one-way check ratchets on the two side surfaces of the opening elastic ratchet ring are only arranged on a part of the ring body instead of being arranged in a whole circle, the processing amount is increased when the ratchets are arranged in the whole circle, and on the other hand, the ratchets on the back surface of the opening cannot be unlocked if being meshed with the ratchets of the locking nut during unlocking.

All cross-sections of one-way non-return ratchets, outer non-return ratchets and inner non-return ratchets are right-angled triangle structures, the processing is convenient, the structure and the action can realize 'non-return basic principle', namely, the components matched with each other are allowed to rotate along the respective screwing directions through the guide inclined planes, the limiting right-angled surfaces attached to each other prevent the components from rotating back along the loosening direction, and meanwhile, the non-return direction of the ratchets is adjusted according to the thread turning direction.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an assembly entity of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of an assembled entity of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an assembled front view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a right side view of fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a solid view of the bolt (positive rotation) of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a front view of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a solid view of the fastening nut (forward internal thread and reverse external thread) of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a top view of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a solid cross-sectional view of a fastening nut (a forward internal thread and a reverse external thread) of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view of a fastening nut (a forward internal thread and a reverse external thread) of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a solid view of the lock nut (reverse internal thread) of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a top view of fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a solid part view of a lock nut (reverse internal thread) of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a sectional view of a lock nut (reverse internal thread) of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a front perspective view of the split resilient ratchet ring for a pronated bolt of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a front elevational view of the split resilient ratchet ring for a pronated bolt of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a back perspective view of the split resilient ratchet ring for a pronated bolt of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a rear elevational view of the split resilient ratchet ring for a pronated bolt of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that: the positive and negative directions in the present specification only indicate that the screw thread directions of the bolt and the nut are different or the same, and do not refer to a specific screw direction. Meanwhile, one end of the bolt with the thread is called an outer end or an outer side, one side of the bolt head at the opposite end is called an inner side or an inner end, and the directions of the fastening nut and the locking nut when the bolt is combined are consistent with the direction of the bolt, namely the inner end or the inner side is close to the bolt head, and the outer end or the outer side is close to the outer end of the thread.

The interlocking anti-loose fastening embodiment of the bolt connecting assembly in the invention is described in conjunction with fig. 1 to 20, aiming at the condition that the existing bolt is generally a forward-rotation thread.

A positive and negative rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection component suitable for strong vibration and large load comprises a bolt 10, a fastening nut 20, a locking nut 30 and an opening elastic ratchet ring 40,

outer non-return ratchets 12 which are axially arranged are uniformly distributed at the outer end of the threaded rod of the bolt 10;

the fastening nut 20 comprises a fastening section and a locking section which are connected into a whole, an internal thread 21 of the fastening section is matched with an external thread 11 of the bolt and used for providing fastening force, and one-way non-return ratchets 22 distributed in a fan shape are arranged on an annular boss on the outer end face of the fastening section; the locking section is provided with an external thread 23, the outer end of the locking section extends outwards to be connected with an elastic locking plate 24 with the outer diameter gradually reduced to be in an outer cone structure, the connecting part of the locking section and the elastic locking plate 24 is provided with an annular arc groove, the deformation degree of the outer cone can be enhanced by the annular arc groove, so that the locking section can better hold the bolt tightly, axial grooves are uniformly distributed in the direction from the outer end of the elastic locking plate to the connecting end of the locking section and the fastening section, and inner non-return ratchets 25 which are matched with the outer non-return ratchets 12 on the bolt and are arranged along the axial direction are uniformly distributed on;

the locking nut 30 comprises one-way non-return ratchets 33, internal threads 32 and a raised ring 31, the one-way non-return ratchets 33 are uniformly distributed on an annular boss on the inner end face of the locking nut in a fan shape, the internal threads of the locking nut are matched with the external threads of the locking section of the fastening nut, the raised ring radially extends towards the center along the outer end of the internal threads of the locking nut, and the radius of the top of the raised ring is smaller than the maximum radius of an outer cone of the elastic locking plate 24 on the fastening nut;

the open elastic ratchet ring 40 has a ring body which is close to a circle of spiral shape, the head end and the tail end of the ring body are staggered up and down to form an elastic opening, one open end of the open elastic ratchet ring 40 is provided with a tail handle 43 which is convenient to detach and unlock, and the other open end is provided with an overlapping section 44 which prevents locking in an extending manner, wherein: the overlapping section is provided with a notch 46, and the overlapping section is connected with the opening elastic ratchet ring main body through a thin neck 45; a plurality of continuous one-way check ratchets 41/42 are respectively arranged on the ring body of the two side surfaces of the opening elastic ratchet ring close to the opening end instead of being arranged in a whole ring, and the one-way check ratchets 41 on the opening elastic ratchet ring 40 are matched with the one-way check ratchets 22 on the fastening section of the fastening nut 20; the one-way check ratchet 42 on the opening elastic ratchet ring 40 is matched with the one-way check ratchet 33 on the locking nut;

the cross sections of all the one-way non-return ratchets 41\42\22\33, the outer non-return ratchets 12 and the inner non-return ratchets 25 are all in a right-angled triangle structure, the binding surfaces between the mutually matched ratchet teeth are a guide inclined surface and a limiting right-angled surface, the non-return direction of the ratchets changes along with the change of the thread turning direction, and the structure and the action follow the basic principle of non-return: that is, the matched parts are allowed to rotate along the respective screwing directions through the guide inclined planes, and the limit right-angle surfaces which are attached to each other prevent the parts from rotating along the loosening direction.

The selected bolt is a positive-rotation external thread corresponding to the positive-rotation external thread, and the internal thread of the fastening section of the fastening nut 20 has the same rotation direction as the external thread of the bolt and is a positive-rotation internal thread; the internal thread 32 of the locking nut 30 and the external thread 23 of the locking section of the fastening nut 20 have the same rotating direction and are opposite to the rotating direction of the thread of the bolt, and are counter-rotating internal threads; the opening elastic ratchet ring 40 has the same direction as the external thread of the bolt, and the opening elastic ratchet ring 40 has a positive rotation direction.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

after the bolt passes through the screw hole on the workpiece, the fastening nut 20 is screwed on the bolt with the optimal pretightening force; the split resilient ratchet ring 40 is then mounted on the locking segment of the fastening nut 20 with the one-way check ratchet 41 on the split resilient ratchet ring cooperating with the one-way check ratchet 22 on the fastening nut to only allow rotation of the fastening nut 20 in the tightening direction and prevent rotation of the fastening nut 20 in the loosening direction. The one-way check ratchet 42 at the other side of the split resilient ratchet ring 40 is engaged with the one-way check ratchet 33 on the lock nut, allowing only the lock nut 30 to be rotated in the tightening direction, preventing the lock nut 30 from being rotated in the loosening direction. The locking nut 30 is arranged on the external reverse-rotation thread 23 of the locking section on the fastening nut 20, and the internal reverse-rotation thread 32 of the locking nut is matched with the external reverse-rotation thread 23 and screwed tightly;

during the tightening process, the split elastic ratchet ring 40 is compressed to generate elastic force and reacts against the lock nut 30; the inner diameter of the convex ring 31 on the locking nut is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer conical surface of the elastic locking piece 24 on the fastening nut, and in the screwing process of the locking nut 30, the convex ring 31 on the inner ring of the locking nut slides along the outer conical surface of the elastic locking piece 24 on the fastening nut and presses the elastic locking piece 24 to shrink towards the center, so that the inner non-return ratchet 25 on the elastic locking piece is matched with the outer non-return ratchet 12 on the bolt. The inner ratchet 25 only allows the bolt 10 to rotate in the tightening direction, preventing the bolt 10 from rotating in the loosening direction; the outer check ratchet 12 allows the fastening nut 20 to rotate only in the tightening direction, and prevents the fastening nut 20 from rotating in the loosening direction.

Therefore, the whole anti-loose bolt connecting assembly forms a whole to form interlocking by matching the opening elastic ratchet ring with the ratchet on the nut. When the vibration causes the loosening of the fastening nut or bolt, relative rotation occurs between the fastening nut and the bolt, but the external non-return ratchet 12 on the bolt prevents the fastening nut from rotating back in the loosening direction. Likewise, the internal non-return ratchet 24 on the fastening bolt also prevents the bolt from turning back in the loosening direction. Therefore, under the condition that the locking nut is not loosened, the inner check ratchet 12 and the outer check ratchet 24 are kept in a mutually meshed state, and the bolt and the fastening nut are effectively prevented from being mutually and rotatablely loosened.

Meanwhile, as the opening elastic ratchet ring is compressed when the locking nut is screwed down, the generated elastic force can enable the one-way check ratchet on the opening elastic ratchet ring and the one-way check ratchet on the locking nut to be always kept in a matched state. When the locking nut rotates along the loosening direction due to vibration, the opening elastic ratchet ring is driven to rotate together through the one-way check ratchet; when the opening elastic ratchet ring rotates, the fastening nut is driven to rotate along the direction the same as the loosening direction of the locking nut by the one-way non-return ratchet on the other side. However, the loosening direction of the back-rotation of the union nut is exactly the tightening direction of the union nut, so that no further rotation is possible. Finally, the lock nut cannot be independently and rotatably loosened out of the constraint of the split resilient ratchet ring, so that the entire interlocking connection assembly will not become loose.

Since the split resilient ratchet ring interlocks the counter-rotating nuts, the engaged one-way check ratchet prevents the lock nut from rotating in the loosening direction during disassembly. At the moment, the one-way check ratchet needs to be disengaged. When the gap between the tail handle and the overlapping part is larger than the height of the ratchet, the ratchet can be disengaged by pressing the tail handle, and then the locking nut is unscrewed. When the locking nut is screwed too deeply, the gap between the tail handle of the split elastic ratchet ring and the overlapped part is smaller than the height of the ratchet, and the ratchet cannot be disengaged from the occlusion state. At this time, a tangential force may be applied to the overlapping portion to break the neck portion and break the overlapping portion. Therefore, the tail handle can be pressed to enable the ratchets meshed between the opening elastic ratchet ring and the locking nut to be separated from the meshed state, and unlocking is completed.

Other parts of the invention not described in detail are prior art and are not described in detail herein.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a locking threaded connection subassembly of interlocking of just reversing suitable for strong vibration heavy load, includes bolt (10), fastening nut (20), lock nut (30), ratchet ring, its characterized in that:

outer non-return ratchets (12) which are axially arranged are uniformly distributed at the outer end of the threaded rod of the bolt (10);

the fastening nut (20) comprises a fastening section and a locking section which are connected into a whole, an internal thread (21) of the fastening section is matched with an external thread (11) of the bolt, and one-way non-return ratchets (22) distributed in a fan shape are arranged on an annular boss on the outer end face of the fastening section; the locking section is provided with an external thread (23), the outer end of the locking section extends outwards to be connected with an elastic locking plate (24) with the outer diameter gradually reduced to be in an outer cone structure, axial grooves are uniformly formed in the outer end surface of the elastic locking plate to extend towards the connecting end of the locking section and the fastening section, and inner non-return ratchets (25) which are matched with the outer non-return ratchets (12) on the bolt and are arranged along the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the inner ring of the outer cone structure of the elastic locking plate (23);

the locking nut (30) comprises one-way non-return ratchets (33), internal threads (32) and a raised ring (31), the one-way non-return ratchets (33) are uniformly distributed on an annular boss on the inner end face of the locking nut in a fan shape, the internal threads (32) of the locking nut are matched with external threads (23) of a locking section of the fastening nut, the raised ring (31) radially extends towards the center along the outer end of the internal threads of the locking nut, and the radius of the top of the raised ring is smaller than the maximum radius of an outer cone of an elastic locking plate (24) on the fastening nut;

the ratchet ring is an open elastic ratchet ring (40), the open elastic ratchet ring is provided with a ring body which is close to a circle of spiral shape, the head end and the tail end of the ring body are staggered up and down to form an elastic opening, and the two side surface parts of the open elastic ratchet ring are respectively provided with a plurality of one-way non-return ratchets (41, 42) which are continuously arranged in a fan shape;

wherein:

the internal thread (21) of the fastening section of the fastening nut (20) has the same rotating direction as the external thread (11) of the bolt; the internal thread (32) of the locking nut (30) and the external thread (23) of the locking section of the fastening nut (20) have the same rotating direction and are opposite to the rotating direction of the external thread (11) of the bolt; the opening elastic ratchet ring (40) and the external thread (11) of the bolt have the same rotating direction;

the fastening nut (20) is connected to the bolt through the internal thread (21) of the fastening section of the fastening nut, the opening elastic ratchet ring (40) penetrates through the locking section of the fastening nut, the locking nut (30) is in threaded connection with the external thread (23) of the locking section of the fastening nut (20) through the internal thread (32) of the locking nut, the opening elastic ratchet ring (40) is clamped between the fastening nut (20) and the locking nut (30), and the one-way check ratchets (41 and 42) on the two sides of the opening elastic ratchet ring (40) are respectively matched with the one-way check ratchet (22) on the fastening section of the fastening nut (20) and the one-way check ratchet (33) on the inner end face of the locking nut;

in the tightening process of the locking nut (30), the one-way check ratchet (22) on the tightening section of the tightening nut (20) is matched with the one-way check ratchet (41) on the opening elastic ratchet ring (40), only the tightening nut (20) is allowed to rotate along the tightening direction, and the tightening nut (20) is prevented from rotating along the loosening direction; the one-way check ratchet (42) on the opening elastic ratchet ring (40) is matched with the one-way check ratchet (33) on the locking nut, only the locking nut (30) is allowed to rotate along the tightening direction, and the locking nut (30) is prevented from rotating along the loosening direction;

in the tightening process of the locking nut (30), the opening elastic ratchet ring (40) is compressed to generate elastic force and reacts on the locking nut (30); a raised ring (31) in the locking nut (30) slides along the outer conical surface of an elastic locking piece (24) on the fastening nut towards the direction of the fastening nut, and presses the elastic locking piece (24) to shrink towards the center, so that an inner check ratchet (25) on the elastic locking piece is meshed with an outer check ratchet (12) on the bolt, the inner check ratchet (25) only allows the bolt (10) to rotate along the tightening direction, and prevents the bolt (10) from rotating along the loosening direction; the external check ratchet (12) allows only the fastening nut (20) to rotate in the tightening direction, and prevents the fastening nut (20) from rotating in the loosening direction.

2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the assembly comprises: when the bolt external thread (11) is in forward rotation, the fastening nut internal thread (21) is in forward rotation, the external thread (23) of the fastening nut locking section is in reverse rotation, the locking nut internal thread (32) is in reverse rotation, and the opening elastic ratchet ring (40) is in forward rotation; similarly, when the bolt external thread (11) is reversely rotated, the fastening nut internal thread (21) is reversely rotated, the external thread (23) of the fastening nut locking section is positively rotated, the locking nut internal thread (32) is positively rotated, and the opening elastic ratchet ring (40) is reversely rotated.

3. A positive and negative rotation interlocking anti-loose threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: one open end of the split elastic ratchet ring (40) is provided with a tail handle (43) convenient for disassembly and unlocking, and the other open end is provided with an overlapped section (44) preventing locking in an extending way, wherein: the overlapping section is provided with a notch (46), and the overlapping section is connected with the opening elastic ratchet ring main body through a thin neck (45).

4. The assembly of claim 3, wherein the assembly comprises: a plurality of continuous one-way check ratchets (41, 42) are respectively arranged on part of the ring body on the two side surfaces of the open elastic ratchet ring, and the one-way check ratchets (41, 42) are arranged on a section close to the opening end of the ring body.

5. A positive and negative rotation interlocking anti-loose thread connecting component suitable for strong vibration large load according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: the cross sections of the one-way check ratchets (41, 42, 22, 33), the outer check ratchets (12) and the inner check ratchets (25) are all in a right-angled triangle structure, binding surfaces between mutually matched ratchet teeth are a guide inclined surface and a limiting right-angle surface, the basic principle of check is followed, the mutually matched parts are allowed to rotate through the guide inclined surface along the respective screwing direction, and the mutually bound limiting right-angle surfaces prevent the mutually matched parts from rotating along the loosening direction.