CN110645106B - Self-adaptive adjusting device and adjusting method for diesel engine throttle - Google Patents
Self-adaptive adjusting device and adjusting method for diesel engine throttle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110645106B CN110645106B CN201911043019.3A CN201911043019A CN110645106B CN 110645106 B CN110645106 B CN 110645106B CN 201911043019 A CN201911043019 A CN 201911043019A CN 110645106 B CN110645106 B CN 110645106B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
- F02D11/06—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance
- F02D11/08—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the pneumatic type
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive adjusting device and an adjusting method for a diesel engine throttle, wherein the device comprises a pneumatic actuator, an air supplementing electromagnetic valve, a pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve and a governor throttle rod, one end of a compressed air pipeline is connected with a connecting pipeline between the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve and the air supplementing electromagnetic valve, and a lower end interface of the pneumatic actuator is connected with a near end interface of a compression end of a supercharger. The method comprises the steps of A, starting the diesel engine, B, continuously running the diesel engine, C, suddenly increasing the working load of the diesel engine, D, and stopping the speed regulator in an emergency under different working conditions. The regulating method effectively controls the problems of black smoke of tail gas emission during the starting, the sudden load and the emergency stop of the diesel engine, and can improve the air-fuel ratio of the diesel engine to infinity in an emergency state, thereby greatly reducing the smoke intensity value of the tail gas emission, enabling the dynamic speed regulation characteristic of the diesel engine to meet the requirements of specifications of a class society and reducing the use cost of the diesel engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for automatically limiting the air-fuel ratio of a diesel engine according to the working condition of the diesel engine, in particular to a device and an adjusting method for avoiding the faults of insufficient fuel combustion and black smoke caused by insufficient air inflow and incapacitation of the fuel injection quantity of the diesel engine in the starting or load sudden adding process, improving the air-fuel ratio of the diesel engine to infinity in an emergency state and realizing the fuel-cut shutdown, and belongs to the technical field of internal combustion engines.
Background
The air-fuel ratio a/F of a diesel engine refers to the mixture ratio of air and fuel mass in the mixture that enters the cylinder. The air-fuel ratio is an important parameter in the operation of a diesel engine, and has a great influence on exhaust emissions, the power performance and the economy of the diesel engine. In the starting process of the diesel engine, the speed regulator outputs the maximum value at the moment because the difference between the rated rotation speed and the actual rotation speed is large, and the corresponding oil injection quantity of the diesel engine is the maximum, so that the rotation speed of the diesel engine is rapidly increased. In addition, when the diesel engine is subjected to sudden load, the speed regulator also acts in the same way, but at the moment, the fuel oil which is excessively injected into the combustion chamber is not fully combusted, and becomes black particles to be discharged into the atmosphere, so that strong black smoke is formed. Not only causes harm to the environment, but also reduces the economy of the diesel engine.
In addition, when the speed regulator fails and cannot be automatically controlled, the accelerator is manually operated to stop the vehicle in an emergency. If the emergency stop operation of the crew is not performed in a short time due to insufficient operation experience, there is a risk of damaging the diesel engine or the ship.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-adaptive adjusting device and an adjusting method for a diesel engine accelerator, which can effectively control the problems of black smoke pollution caused by tail gas emission during starting, load burst and emergency stop of a diesel engine on the premise of not influencing the speed regulation performance of the diesel engine.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the self-adaptive throttle regulating device for the diesel engine comprises a pneumatic actuator, an air supplementing electromagnetic valve, a pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve and a governor throttle rod, wherein an upper end interface of the pneumatic actuator is sequentially connected with the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve and the air supplementing electromagnetic valve through connecting pipelines, and then is connected with a far-end interface of an air compressing end of a supercharger, and one end of a compressed air pipeline is connected with the connecting pipeline between the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve and the air supplementing electromagnetic valve; one end of a governor throttle lever is hinged with a hinging seat, and the hinging seat is fixed in the governor; the lower end interface of the pneumatic actuator is connected with the near end interface of the air compressing end of the supercharger through a connecting pipeline.
The object of the present invention can be further achieved by the following technical means.
Further, the pneumatic actuator comprises a shell, a pneumatic actuator ejector rod, a piston, a pressure spring, an upper guide sleeve, a lower guide sleeve, an upper end cover and a lower end cover, wherein the piston is fixed on the middle part of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod, the piston is embedded into an inner cavity of the shell, the inner cavity of the shell is radially divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are not communicated with each other through a plurality of piston sealing rings, an upper end interface is communicated with the upper cavity, and a lower end interface is communicated with the lower cavity; the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the shell in a sealing way; two ends of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod respectively penetrate through an upper guide sleeve positioned in the upper end cover and a lower guide sleeve positioned in the lower end cover, and the end head of the lower end of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod is opposite to the other end of the governor throttle lever; two ends of the pressure spring respectively lean against between the lower side of the piston and the upper side of the lower end cover.
Further, the lower end of the piston is provided with a counter bore, the center of the lower end cover extends upwards to form a spring core column, the upper end of the pressure spring is propped against the bottom surface of the counter bore, and the lower end of the pressure spring is sleeved on the spring core column.
Further, the contact switch is fixed on the upper side of the other end of the governor throttle lever, and the contact switch is opposite to the end head of the lower end of the ejector rod of the pneumatic actuator.
Further, the air supplementing electromagnetic valve and the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve are pneumatic two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valves; the air pressure of the compressed air is 500-800 Kpa.
A method for adjusting a self-adaptive adjusting device of a diesel engine accelerator comprises the following steps of A, starting a diesel engine, B, continuously running the diesel engine, C, suddenly increasing the working load of the diesel engine, D, and different working conditions of emergency stop of a speed regulator fault:
A. diesel engine start-up
A1 The diesel engine is started, the speed regulator gives out a maximum throttle, the air input is far smaller than the air required by complete combustion of the fuel injection quantity, the air-fuel ratio is far lower than the normal level, and the fuel oil is incompletely combusted to form black smoke to be discharged into the atmosphere;
a2 At the moment, the electromagnetic valve of the pneumatic actuator receives a diesel engine starting signal, the electromagnet of the electromagnetic valve of the pneumatic actuator is electrified, the valve core moves to the opening position for 2.5 seconds, 500-800 Kpa of compressed air conveyed from a compressed air source outside the diesel engine through a compressed air pipeline is flushed into an upper cavity of the pneumatic actuator from an upper end opening of the pneumatic actuator, and the piston is pushed to move downwards, so that the ejector rod of the pneumatic actuator moves downwards;
a3 The ejector rod of the pneumatic actuator moves downwards to press the other end of the throttle rod of the governor, so that the oil injection quantity is reduced, meanwhile, the contact switch is switched on, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is powered on, the valve core moves to the opening position, 500-800 Kpa of compressed air conveyed by the compressed air source and high-pressure air conveyed from the far-end interface of the air compressing end of the supercharger are combined and enter the air inlet channel of the combustion chamber to supplement air, the air input quantity is instantaneously improved, and the air-fuel ratio is improved to a normal level;
B. continuous operation of diesel engine
B1 The rotation speed of the supercharger rises, the air inlet pressure of the combustion chamber rises along with the rotation speed of the supercharger, high-pressure air output from the near-end interface of the air compression end of the supercharger is input into the lower cavity of the pneumatic actuator through the lower end interface of the pneumatic actuator, the air pressure in the lower cavity rises, and the air pressure in the upper cavity slowly drops, so that the piston in the pneumatic actuator slowly moves upwards against the elastic force of the pressure spring; the pressure of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod on the accelerator lever of the speed regulator is gradually reduced, the limit on the accelerator lever of the speed regulator is gradually reduced, and the speed regulator can output a larger accelerator;
b2 When the air inlet pressure of the diesel engine is higher than a set value, the ejector rod of the pneumatic actuator is separated from the other end of the throttle rod of the governor, the contact switch is disconnected, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is powered off, the valve core moves to a closed position, and air supplementing is stopped;
C. sudden increase in diesel engine operating load
C1 When the working load of the diesel engine is suddenly increased, the speed regulator rapidly responds, the oil injection quantity is increased, the air-fuel ratio is reduced, the throttle lever of the speed regulator rotates anticlockwise to be upturned, the contact switch touches the lower end of the ejector rod of the pneumatic actuator to be opened, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is powered on, the valve core moves to the opening position, and 500-800 Kpa of compressed air conveyed by the compressed air source enters the air inlet channel of the combustion chamber from the far-end interface of the air compressing end of the booster through the air supplementing electromagnetic valve to supplement air, so that the air-fuel ratio is improved, and the combustion quality in the cylinder is improved;
c2 After the diesel engine works stably, the air inlet pressure rises, high-pressure air output by the near-end interface of the air compressing end of the supercharger is input into the lower cavity of the pneumatic actuator from the lower end interface of the pneumatic actuator through a connecting pipeline, the air pressure in the lower cavity rises, and therefore the piston in the pneumatic actuator slowly moves upwards against the elastic force of the pressure spring; the pneumatic actuator ejector rod moves upwards to be separated from contact with a contact switch at the lower end of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod, and the contact switch is disconnected; the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is powered off, the valve core moves to the disconnection position, and air supplementing is stopped; to prevent excessive intake air and excessive air-fuel ratio;
D. emergency stop for speed regulator fault
D1 After the stop signal, the electromagnet of the electromagnetic valve of the pneumatic actuator is powered on, the valve core moves to the opening position, and 500-800 Kpa of compressed air conveyed by the compressed air source enters the upper cavity of the pneumatic actuator through the compressed air pipeline and then the upper port of the electromagnetic valve of the pneumatic actuator to the upper port of the pneumatic actuator;
d2 Because the 500-800 Kpa air pressure of the compressed air exceeds the 250Kpa pressure of the lower cavity of the speed regulator in normal operation, the piston is rapidly pressed down, the pneumatic actuator ejector rod descends to press the throttle rod of the speed regulator to a zero position, so that the throttle output is zero, the air-fuel ratio is infinite, and the diesel engine is stopped; at the moment, although the contact switch is pressed down to be opened, the electromagnet signal of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is shielded by the stopping signal, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is not powered on, the valve core is kept at the closed position, the 500-800 Kpa of compressed air conveyed by the compressed air source is disconnected and air supplementing is not carried out, and at the moment, the diesel engine is cut off, so that emergency stopping is ensured.
The device provided by the invention has a simple structure, and the adjusting method effectively controls the problems of black smoke discharged by tail gas during starting, sudden load and emergency stop of the diesel engine, and can perform self-adaptive adjustment. The defect that the fuel injection amount of the diesel engine is too large in the starting process or the load sudden adding process, insufficient fuel combustion is caused by the air inflow is avoided, the air-fuel ratio of the diesel engine can be improved to infinity in an emergency state, the fuel-cut shutdown is realized, the smoke intensity value of tail gas emission is greatly reduced, and the dynamic speed regulation characteristic of the diesel engine meets the requirements of specifications of a class society. The unit oil consumption of the diesel engine is reduced, so that the use cost of the diesel engine is reduced.
Advantages and features of the invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments, given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a diesel throttle adaptive adjustment device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a, diesel engine start and continuous operation, b, sudden increase of diesel engine work load and c, speed governor fault emergency stop condition.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and some type of 1225kW marine diesel-electric generator set.
As shown in fig. 2, the self-adaptive adjusting device for the throttle of the diesel engine in this embodiment includes a pneumatic actuator 1, an air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2, a pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve 3 and a throttle lever 4, wherein an upper end interface 113 of the pneumatic actuator 1 is connected with the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve 3 and the air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2 in sequence through a connecting pipeline 19, and then is connected with a distal end interface 72 of an air compressing end 7 of the supercharger, a left end of a compressed air pipeline 5 is connected with the connecting pipeline 19 between the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve 3 and the air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2, and a right end of the compressed air pipeline 5 is connected with a compressed air source 51 in a cabin of the ship. The left end of the governor throttle lever 4 is hinged with a hinge seat 41, and the hinge seat 41 is fixed in the governor. The lower end interface 114 of the pneumatic actuator 1 is connected with the proximal end interface 71 of the air compressing end 7 of the supercharger through a connecting pipeline 19, the air compressing end 7 of the supercharger is led to the combustion chamber 10 through the combustion chamber air inlet channel 72, and the exhaust gas after the deflagration work of the combustion chamber 10 is discharged into the exhaust gas end 8 of the supercharger through the exhaust channel 74.
As shown in fig. 1, the pneumatic actuator 1 comprises a shell 11, a pneumatic actuator ejector rod 12, a piston 13, a pressure spring 14, an upper guide sleeve 15, a lower guide sleeve 16, an upper end cover 17 and a lower end cover 18, wherein the piston 13 is fixed on the middle part of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod 12 through a flat key 131, the piston 13 is embedded into the inner cavity of the shell 11, the inner cavity of the shell 11 is radially divided into an upper cavity 111 and a lower cavity 112 which are not communicated with each other through a 2-channel piston sealing ring 132 by the piston 13, an upper end port 113 is communicated with the upper cavity 111, and a lower end port 114 is communicated with the lower cavity 112. The upper end cover 17 and the lower end cover 18 are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the shell 11 in a sealing way through a clamp spring 171 and a sealing ring 172. The two ends of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod 12 respectively penetrate through an upper guide sleeve 15 positioned in an upper end cover 17 and a lower guide sleeve 16 positioned in a lower end cover 18, and the lower end head of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod 12 is opposite to the right end position of the governor throttle lever 4.
The lower extreme of piston 13 is equipped with counter bore 133, and lower end cover 18 center upwards extends spring stem 181, and pressure spring 14 upper end supports and leans on the bottom surface of counter bore 133, and the lower extreme cover is on spring stem 181, and spring stem 181 adopts the structure of combination with lower end cover 18 for pressure spring 14 can not take place the distortion when being out of shape under pressure.
The contact switch 6 is fixed on the upper side of the right end of the governor throttle lever 4, and the contact switch 6 is opposite to the end position of the lower end of the pneumatic actuator push rod 12; which facilitates triggering of the contact switch 6.
As shown in fig. 2, the air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2 and the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve 3 are pneumatic two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valves, and the electromagnetic reversing valves are sensitive when the electromagnet of the pneumatic two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve is powered on or powered off, so that different working conditions of the invention can be conveniently realized. The air pressure of the compressed air is 500-800 Kpa.
The working method of the invention comprises the following steps of A, starting a diesel engine, B, continuously running the diesel engine, C, suddenly increasing the working load of the diesel engine, D, and different working conditions of emergency stop of the speed regulator during fault:
the diesel engine starting and continuous operation shown in a of fig. 2 comprises two working conditions of A, diesel engine starting and B and diesel engine continuous operation.
A. Diesel engine start-up
A1 The speed regulator gives out the maximum throttle, the air input is far less than the air required by complete combustion of the fuel injection quantity, the air-fuel ratio is far lower than the normal level, and the fuel oil is incompletely combusted to form black smoke to be discharged into the atmosphere.
A2 At this time, the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve 3 receives a diesel engine starting signal, the electromagnet of the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve 3 is electrified, the valve core moves to the left opening position for 2.5 seconds, 500-800 Kpa of compressed air which is conveyed from the compressed air source 51 in the ship cabin through the compressed air pipeline 5 is flushed into the upper cavity 111 of the pneumatic actuator 1 from the upper end interface 113 of the pneumatic actuator 1, the piston 13 is pushed to move downwards, and the pneumatic actuator ejector rod 12 moves downwards.
A3 The pneumatic actuator ejector rod 12 moves downwards to press the right end of the governor throttle lever 4, so that the oil injection quantity is reduced, meanwhile, the contact switch 6 is switched on, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2 is powered on, and the valve core moves to the right to the opening position; the 500-800 Kpa compressed air delivered from the compressed air source and the high-pressure air delivered from the far-end interface 72 of the air compressing end 7 of the supercharger are combined into the air inlet channel 73 of the combustion chamber to supplement air, and the air inflow is instantaneously increased, so that the air-fuel ratio is increased to a normal level.
B. Continuous operation of diesel engine
B1 As shown in fig. 2 b), the rotation speed of the supercharger increases, the intake pressure of the combustion chamber 10 increases, the high-pressure gas output from the proximal port 71 of the compression end 7 of the supercharger is input into the lower chamber 112 of the pneumatic actuator 1 from the lower port 114 of the pneumatic actuator 1 through the connecting pipeline 19, the air pressure in the lower chamber 112 increases, the air pressure in the upper chamber 111 slowly decreases, and the piston 13 in the pneumatic actuator 1 slowly moves upwards against the elastic force of the compression spring 14 until the air pressure in the upper chamber 111 is balanced with the elastic force of the compression spring 14. The pressure of the pneumatic actuator push rod 12 on the throttle lever 4 of the speed regulator is gradually reduced, so that the limit on the throttle lever 4 of the speed regulator is gradually reduced, and the speed regulator can output a larger throttle.
B2 When the air inlet pressure of the diesel engine is higher than the set value, the pneumatic actuator ejector rod 12 is separated from the right end of the governor throttle lever 4, the contact switch 6 is disconnected, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2 is powered off, the valve core moves to the closed right position, and air supplementing is stopped.
C. Sudden increase in diesel engine operating load
C1 When the working load of the diesel engine is suddenly increased, the speed regulator rapidly responds, the oil injection quantity is increased, the air-fuel ratio is reduced, the throttle rod 4 of the speed regulator rotates anticlockwise to be upturned, the contact switch 6 touches the lower end of the push rod 12 of the pneumatic actuator to be opened, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2 is powered on, the valve core moves to the left position of opening, and 500-800 Kpa of compressed air conveyed by the compressed air source enters the air inlet channel 73 of the combustion chamber from the far-end interface 72 of the air compressing end 7 of the booster through the air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2 to supplement air, so that the air-fuel ratio is improved, and the combustion quality in the cylinder is improved.
C2 After the diesel engine works stably, the air inlet pressure is increased, high-pressure air output by the near-end interface 71 of the air compressing end 7 of the supercharger is input into the lower cavity 112 of the pneumatic actuator 1 from the lower end interface 114 of the pneumatic actuator 1 through the connecting pipeline 19, and the air pressure in the lower cavity 112 is increased, so that the piston 13 in the pneumatic actuator 1 slowly moves upwards against the elastic force of the pressure spring 14. The pneumatic actuator ejector rod 12 moves upwards to be separated from contact with the contact switch 6 below one end of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod, and the contact switch 6 is disconnected; the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2 is powered off, the valve core moves to the right position of disconnection, and air supplementing is stopped; to prevent an excessive intake air amount and an excessive air-fuel ratio.
D. Emergency stop for speed regulator fault
D1 As shown in fig. 2 c), after receiving the stop signal, the electromagnet of the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve 3 is powered on, the valve core moves to the left position of opening, and 500-800 Kpa of compressed air delivered by the compressed air source 51 passes through the compressed air pipeline 5 and then enters the upper cavity 111 of the pneumatic actuator 1 through the upper end interface 113 from the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve 3 to the pneumatic actuator 1.
D2 Because the 500-800 Kpa pressure of the compressed air exceeds the 250Kpa pressure of the lower cavity of the speed regulator in normal operation, the piston 13 is rapidly pressed down, the pneumatic actuator ejector rod 12 descends to press the throttle rod 4 of the speed regulator to the zero position, so that the throttle output is zero, and the air-fuel ratio is infinite, thereby stopping the diesel engine. At this time, although the contact switch 6 is pressed down and opened, the electromagnet signal of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2 is shielded by the stopping signal, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve 2 is not powered on, the valve core is kept at the right closed position, the compressed air of 500-800 Kpa conveyed by the compressed air source 51 is disconnected and air supplementing is not carried out, and at this time, the diesel engine is cut off, so that emergency stopping is ensured.
Taking a certain type 1225kW marine diesel generator set as an example, after the diesel throttle self-adaptive adjusting device and the working method of the invention are installed, the smoke intensity value of the diesel generator set when the diesel engine is started is reduced from 2.71FSN without the invention to 1.96FSN with the invention, and the smoke intensity value is reduced by 28.3%. When the diesel engine operating load suddenly increased from 50% to 75%, the smoke level was reduced from the 1.41FSN of the present invention to the 0.8FSN of the present invention, by 43.3%. The smoke intensity value of the tail gas emission is greatly reduced, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the tail gas emission is improved, and the speed regulation characteristic of each dynamic process meets the requirements of each class society. Under the working condition of emergency stop, 10 tests are successful, and the effect is obvious.
In addition to the above embodiments, other embodiments of the present invention are possible, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The self-adaptive adjusting device for the throttle of the diesel engine is characterized by comprising a pneumatic actuator, an air supplementing electromagnetic valve, a pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve and a governor throttle rod, wherein an upper end interface of the pneumatic actuator is sequentially connected with the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve and the air supplementing electromagnetic valve through connecting pipelines and then is connected with a far-end interface of an air compressing end of a supercharger, and one end of a compressed air pipeline is connected with the connecting pipeline between the pneumatic actuator electromagnetic valve and the air supplementing electromagnetic valve; one end of a governor throttle lever is hinged with a hinging seat, and the hinging seat is fixed in the governor; the lower end interface of the pneumatic actuator is connected with the near end interface of the air compressing end of the supercharger through a connecting pipeline; the pneumatic actuator comprises a shell, a pneumatic actuator ejector rod, a piston, a pressure spring, an upper guide sleeve, a lower guide sleeve, an upper end cover and a lower end cover, wherein the piston is fixed on the middle part of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod, the piston is embedded into an inner cavity of the shell, the inner cavity of the shell is radially divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are not communicated with each other through a plurality of piston sealing rings, an upper end interface is communicated with the upper cavity, and a lower end interface is communicated with the lower cavity; the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the shell in a sealing way; two ends of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod respectively penetrate through an upper guide sleeve positioned in the upper end cover and a lower guide sleeve positioned in the lower end cover, and the end head of the lower end of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod is opposite to the other end of the governor throttle lever; two ends of the pressure spring respectively lean against between the lower side of the piston and the upper side of the lower end cover; the lower end of the piston is provided with a counter bore, the center of the lower end cover upwards extends out of the spring core column, the upper end of the pressure spring is propped against the bottom surface of the counter bore, and the lower end of the pressure spring is sleeved on the spring core column.
2. The adaptive adjustment device for a diesel engine throttle as set forth in claim 1, wherein the contact switch is fixed to an upper side of the other end of the throttle lever of the governor and is located opposite to a lower end of the jack of the pneumatic actuator.
3. The adaptive adjustment device for a diesel engine throttle as set forth in claim 1, wherein said air make-up solenoid valve and said pneumatic actuator solenoid valve are both pneumatic two-position two-way solenoid directional valves.
4. The adaptive adjustment device for a diesel engine throttle as set forth in claim 1, wherein the air pressure of the compressed air is 500 to 800Kpa.
5. The working method of the self-adaptive adjusting device of the diesel engine accelerator as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of A, starting the diesel engine, B, continuously running the diesel engine, C, increasing sudden load of the diesel engine, D, and different working conditions of emergency stop of the speed regulator during fault:
A. diesel engine start-up
A1 The diesel engine is started, the speed regulator gives out a maximum throttle, the air input is far smaller than the air required by complete combustion of the fuel injection quantity, the air-fuel ratio is far lower than the normal level, and the fuel oil is incompletely combusted to form black smoke to be discharged into the atmosphere;
a2 At the moment, the electromagnetic valve of the pneumatic actuator receives a diesel engine starting signal, the electromagnet of the electromagnetic valve of the pneumatic actuator is electrified, the valve core moves to the opening position for 2.5 seconds, 500-800 Kpa of compressed air conveyed from a compressed air source outside the diesel engine through a compressed air pipeline is flushed into an upper cavity of the pneumatic actuator from an upper end opening of the pneumatic actuator, and the piston is pushed to move downwards, so that the ejector rod of the pneumatic actuator moves downwards;
a3 The ejector rod of the pneumatic actuator moves downwards to press the other end of the throttle lever of the governor, so that the oil injection quantity is reduced, meanwhile, the contact switch is switched on, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is powered on, and the valve core moves to the opening position; the compressed air of 500-800 Kpa delivered by the compressed air source and the high-pressure air delivered from the far-end interface of the air compressing end of the supercharger are combined and enter the air inlet channel of the combustion chamber to supplement air, and the air inflow is instantaneously increased, so that the air-fuel ratio is increased to a normal level;
B. continuous operation of diesel engine
B1 The rotation speed of the supercharger rises, the air inlet pressure of the combustion chamber rises along with the rotation speed of the supercharger, high-pressure air output from the near-end interface of the air compression end of the supercharger is input into the lower cavity of the pneumatic actuator from the lower end interface of the pneumatic actuator through a connecting pipeline, the air pressure in the lower cavity rises, and the air pressure in the upper cavity slowly drops, so that the piston in the pneumatic actuator slowly moves upwards against the elastic force of the pressure spring; the pressure of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod on the accelerator lever of the speed regulator is gradually reduced, the limit on the accelerator lever of the speed regulator is gradually reduced, and the speed regulator can output a larger accelerator;
b2 When the air inlet pressure of the diesel engine is higher than a set value, the ejector rod of the pneumatic actuator is separated from the other end of the throttle rod of the governor, the contact switch is disconnected, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is powered off, the valve core moves to a closed position, and air supplementing is stopped;
C. sudden increase in diesel engine operating load
C1 When the working load of the diesel engine is suddenly increased, the speed regulator rapidly responds, the oil injection quantity is increased, the air-fuel ratio is reduced, the throttle lever of the speed regulator rotates anticlockwise to be upturned, the contact switch touches the lower end of the ejector rod of the pneumatic actuator to be opened, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is powered on, the valve core moves to the opening position, and 500-800 Kpa of compressed air conveyed by the compressed air source enters the air inlet channel of the combustion chamber from the far-end interface of the air compressing end of the booster through the air supplementing electromagnetic valve to supplement air, so that the air-fuel ratio is improved, and the combustion quality in the cylinder is improved;
c2 After the diesel engine works stably, the air inlet pressure rises, high-pressure air output by the near-end interface of the air compressing end of the supercharger is input into the lower cavity of the pneumatic actuator from the lower end interface of the pneumatic actuator through a connecting pipeline, the air pressure in the lower cavity rises, and therefore the piston in the pneumatic actuator slowly moves upwards against the elastic force of the pressure spring; the pneumatic actuator ejector rod moves upwards to be separated from contact with a contact switch at the lower end of the pneumatic actuator ejector rod, and the contact switch is disconnected; the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is powered off, the valve core moves to the disconnection position, and air supplementing is stopped; to prevent excessive intake air and excessive air-fuel ratio;
D. emergency stop for speed regulator fault
D1 After the stop signal, the electromagnet of the electromagnetic valve of the pneumatic actuator is powered on, the valve core moves to the opening position, and 500-800 Kpa of compressed air conveyed by the compressed air source enters the upper cavity of the pneumatic actuator through the compressed air pipeline and then the upper port of the electromagnetic valve of the pneumatic actuator to the upper port of the pneumatic actuator;
d2 Because the 500-800 Kpa air pressure of the compressed air exceeds the 250Kpa pressure of the lower cavity of the speed regulator in normal operation, the piston is rapidly pressed down, the pneumatic actuator ejector rod descends to press the throttle rod of the speed regulator to a zero position, so that the throttle output is zero, the air-fuel ratio is infinite, and the diesel engine is stopped; at the moment, although the contact switch is pressed down to be opened, the electromagnet signal of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is shielded by the stopping signal, the electromagnet of the air supplementing electromagnetic valve is not powered on, the valve core is kept at the closed position, the 500-800 Kpa of compressed air conveyed by the compressed air source is disconnected and air supplementing is not carried out, and at the moment, the diesel engine is cut off, so that emergency stopping is ensured.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911043019.3A CN110645106B (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2019-10-30 | Self-adaptive adjusting device and adjusting method for diesel engine throttle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911043019.3A CN110645106B (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2019-10-30 | Self-adaptive adjusting device and adjusting method for diesel engine throttle |
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| CN110645106A CN110645106A (en) | 2020-01-03 |
| CN110645106B true CN110645106B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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| CN201911043019.3A Active CN110645106B (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2019-10-30 | Self-adaptive adjusting device and adjusting method for diesel engine throttle |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5119239A (en) * | 1974-08-01 | 1976-02-16 | Teldix Gmbh | NAINENKIKANNOSHIBORIBENSEIGYOSOCHI |
| CN2386203Y (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-07-05 | 瞿政勇 | Automatic adjusting device for throttle of diesel engine |
| CN200975298Y (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-11-14 | 倪天云 | Gas reinforcing and oil saving device for improving diesel engine smoking |
| CN103850805A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-11 | 湖北业浩动力科技有限公司 | Pneumatic speed regulating system of electronic control diesel engine |
| CN204552986U (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-08-12 | 常熟理工学院 | A kind of making-up air device of applicable large diesel engine state of starting operating |
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2019
- 2019-10-30 CN CN201911043019.3A patent/CN110645106B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5119239A (en) * | 1974-08-01 | 1976-02-16 | Teldix Gmbh | NAINENKIKANNOSHIBORIBENSEIGYOSOCHI |
| CN2386203Y (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-07-05 | 瞿政勇 | Automatic adjusting device for throttle of diesel engine |
| CN200975298Y (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-11-14 | 倪天云 | Gas reinforcing and oil saving device for improving diesel engine smoking |
| CN103850805A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-11 | 湖北业浩动力科技有限公司 | Pneumatic speed regulating system of electronic control diesel engine |
| CN204552986U (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-08-12 | 常熟理工学院 | A kind of making-up air device of applicable large diesel engine state of starting operating |
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| CN110645106A (en) | 2020-01-03 |
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