CN110645050A - Pressure storage type engine and acting method - Google Patents
Pressure storage type engine and acting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110645050A CN110645050A CN201911040348.2A CN201911040348A CN110645050A CN 110645050 A CN110645050 A CN 110645050A CN 201911040348 A CN201911040348 A CN 201911040348A CN 110645050 A CN110645050 A CN 110645050A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
- F01B1/02—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders all in one line
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B31/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
Abstract
The invention relates to a pressure storage type engine and a working method, wherein the engine comprises a main shell, a crankshaft and a group of cylinders are arranged in the main shell, the cylinders comprise a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the first cylinder is connected with an inlet valve, the second cylinder is connected with an exhaust valve, and the first cylinder and the second cylinder are communicated through a channel valve; the crankshaft is connected with a first piston and a second piston which correspond to the first cylinder and the second cylinder; electrode columns which can be matched with discharge are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the second cylinder and the end surface of the second piston so that the two electrode columns are close to each other to generate high-temperature electric arc when the second piston moves to a stroke limit position; the valve port of the channel valve on the second cylinder, the exhaust valve and the electrode column on the inner wall of the cylinder are positioned at the same end, and the valve port of the channel valve on the first cylinder and the intake valve are positioned at the same end; the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve are respectively communicated with an air storage tank, and a cooling device is arranged between the air outlet valve and the air storage tank. The invention can reduce the consumption of non-renewable resources, and has the effects of effectively guaranteeing the operation, low consumption, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a pressure storage type engine and a work doing method.
Background
In the existing engine technology, air is sucked by a cylinder and is mixed with fuel oil to combust and expand to do work to generate power, so that non-renewable resources are consumed, and the tail gas emission also causes environmental pollution; however, the atmospheric pressure of air on earth is low, so that the thermal efficiency of a combustion chamber is low, and energy consumption can be selected to compress the air of the intake air to a certain proportion to improve the combustion efficiency, so that similar devices such as a turbocharger and the like are used for increasing the air intake amount to improve the cylinder pressure, so that the thermal efficiency is improved, but the combustion heat release efficiency of fuel oil is still limited, the exhaust emission is still polluted, and the consumption of non-renewable resources cannot be avoided; there are also few effective ways to increase power after increasing the compression ratio to increase combustion output power using a turbocharging approach.
Under the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction, the electric engine has advantages in the aspects of consumption of non-renewable resources and exhaust emission, is also applied and popularized, but has no breakthrough on the key technology of battery endurance.
In addition, the heat engine is not taken into consideration and widely used by people, and the structure and the use mode of the external heat of the existing heat engine are inconvenient to use, the system is numerous and complicated, and the associativity with the whole machine is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages in the prior art, the present invention provides a pressure storage type engine and a working method thereof, which avoid the problems of consumption of non-renewable resources and environmental pollution caused by emissions, and achieve the effects of ensuring operation, low consumption, energy saving, and environmental protection.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the pressure storage type engine comprises a main shell, wherein a group of cylinders and a rotatable crankshaft are arranged in the main shell; the group of cylinders comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the first cylinder is communicated with an intake valve, the second cylinder is communicated with an exhaust valve, and the first cylinder and the second cylinder are also communicated through a channel valve; the crankshaft is connected with a first piston capable of sliding in a first cylinder and a second piston capable of sliding in a second cylinder; electrode columns which can be matched with discharge are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the second cylinder and the end surface of the second piston so that the two electrode columns are close to each other to generate high-temperature electric arcs when the second piston moves to a stroke limit position; the valve port of the channel valve on the second cylinder, the exhaust valve and the electrode column on the inner wall of the second cylinder are all positioned at the same end of the second cylinder, and the valve port of the channel valve on the first cylinder and the intake valve are positioned at the same end of the first cylinder;
the inlet valve and the exhaust valve are respectively communicated with a gas storage tank filled with compressed gas media, and a cooling device is arranged between the exhaust valve and the gas storage tank and used for cooling the returned compressed gas media; the opening and closing of each valve is controlled by a valve control unit.
The technical scheme is further perfected, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are in an in-line form, the intake valve and the exhaust valve are positioned at the same end and at one end of the corresponding cylinder far away from the crankshaft, and the moving directions of the two pistons in the corresponding cylinders are the same when the crankshaft rotates;
the valve control unit includes a camshaft rotatably coupled in the main housing and valve valves corresponding to the valves to control the valves to open and close the corresponding valves by rotation of the camshaft.
Further, the two electrode columns are respectively connected with an arc generator to obtain high-temperature arcs during discharging so as to improve power;
the arc generator is a direct current arc generator, and the anode of the direct current arc generator is electrically connected with the electrode column on the second cylinder through an electric wire so that the electrode column on the second cylinder is formed into an anode column; the cathode of the second piston is overlapped with the main shell so as to be electrically connected with the electrode column on the second piston and form the electrode column into a cathode column; and insulating treatment is carried out between the anode pole and the main shell.
Furthermore, the intake valve is communicated with the gas storage tank through an intake pipeline, the exhaust valve is communicated with the gas storage tank through an exhaust pipeline, and a valve body for controlling flow is arranged on the intake pipeline.
Further, the gas medium is air, nitrogen or helium; the cooling device comprises a cooling fin and a water tank, wherein the cooling fin is arranged on the outer wall of at least part of the pipe section of the exhaust pipeline in the exhaust pipeline and the air inlet pipeline;
the exhaust passage also passes through the water tank to better cool the returned compressed gas medium; the water tank is communicated with the water-cooling circulation channel in the main shell through a circulation water channel.
Furthermore, one end of the crankshaft penetrates through the main shell and is connected with a flywheel, and the flywheel is in transmission connection with a starter; the corresponding end of the camshaft also penetrates through the main shell and is in transmission connection with one end of the crankshaft, which penetrates through the main shell;
the end of the crankshaft, which penetrates out of the main shell, is also in transmission connection with a generator to drive the generator to generate electricity, and the generator is connected with a storage battery to supply power for electronic devices.
Furthermore, two groups of cylinders are arranged in the main shell and are in an in-line form, the structure of the crankshaft corresponds to that of the crankshaft, and the two groups of cylinders work alternately.
The invention also relates to a method for applying work by the engine, which comprises the following steps: the high-temperature electric arc is used for enabling a compressed gas medium to thermally expand to push a piston to do work, and the piston pushes a crankshaft to output torque.
The method can be carried out based on the pressure storage type engine, and comprises a power stroke and an exhaust stroke which are alternately cycled so as to realize continuous output of torque;
the power stroke includes: the second piston moves to the stroke limit position, and under the control of the valve control unit, the inlet valve is opened, the channel valve is closed, and the exhaust valve is closed; the two electrode columns generate discharge due to the approach of the two electrode columns, the high-temperature electric arc of the discharge enables the compressed gas medium to thermally expand to push the second piston to do work, the second piston pushes the crankshaft to rotate, and the crankshaft drives the first piston to be far away from the inlet valve, so that the compressed gas medium enters the first cylinder from the gas storage tank;
the exhaust stroke includes: the second piston moves to the limit position of the other end of the stroke, and under the control of the valve control unit, the air inlet valve is closed, the channel valve is opened, and the exhaust valve is opened; the crankshaft continuously rotates to drive the first piston to slide towards the intake valve and push the compressed gas medium in the first cylinder into the second cylinder through the channel valve, and meanwhile, the crankshaft also drives the second piston to slide towards the exhaust valve and push the high-temperature compressed gas medium in the second cylinder out through the exhaust valve;
the high-temperature compressed gas medium is cooled by a cooling device and then flows back into the gas storage tank.
Optionally, the pressure of the compressed gas medium is 1 Mpa-50 Mpa; the temperature of the high-temperature electric arc is 2000-8000 Kelvin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the pressure storage type engine can reduce the consumption of non-renewable resources and greatly reduce the pollution to the environment, and is expected to make the earth more original after being widely applied; in the using and maintaining process, only easily-consumed parts such as a compressed gas medium, a storage battery, an electrode column and the like need to be supplemented or replaced regularly, and the device is simple and convenient, low in maintenance cost, energy-saving and low in consumption.
2. The pressure storage type engine has the advantages that through reasonable matching of air pressure and discharge arc temperature, the working efficiency of the pressure storage type engine is superior to that of the existing fuel oil type internal combustion engine, and the endurance problem of a motor does not exist; the mode of utilizing the compressed gas medium to expand with heat and contract with cold to do work circularly basically has no emission, and the compressed gas medium in the gas storage tank is released after being processed into pollution-free gas regularly, thereby being green and environment-friendly.
3. The pressure storage type engine of the invention has compact and reasonable structure due to the design form of the group cylinders, and compared with the prior art, the pressure storage type engine has the following advantages: the combination and application of the crankshaft, the flywheel, the starter, the camshaft and the like are ingenious, and the operation is stable and reliable; the usable area is wide, such as: the power-driven type aircraft can be applied to places needing power, such as airplanes, ships, automobiles, electric power, factory machinery and the like, and has strong applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure storage engine according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a main housing portion in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of an electrode column connection in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment with the main housing removed to illustrate various moving parts;
the engine comprises a main shell 1, a first cylinder 11, an intake valve 111, a second cylinder 12, an exhaust valve 121, a channel valve 13, an anode post 14, a water-cooling circulation channel 15, a camshaft 16, a valve 17, a crankshaft 2, a first piston 21, a second piston 22, a cathode post 221, a flywheel 23, a starter 24, a synchronous belt 25, a tension pulley 26, a rotation speed sensor 27, a tachometer 28, an air storage tank 3, an intake pipeline 31, a valve body 311, an air flow controller 312, a pressure gauge 313, an exhaust pipeline 32, a one-way valve 33, a pressure release valve 34, a safety valve 35, a safety protection cover 36, a sewage discharge port 37, a water tank 4, a circulation pipeline 41, a temperature control fan 42, a temperature sensor 43, a thermometer 44, an arc generator 5, a cooling fin 6, a generator 7, a storage battery 71, an oil pump 8.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the pressure storage type engine of the embodiment comprises a main housing 1, wherein a group of cylinders and a rotatable crankshaft 2 are arranged in the main housing 1; the group of cylinders comprises a first cylinder 11 and a second cylinder 12, an intake valve 111 is arranged on the main shell 1, the intake valve 111 is communicated with the first cylinder 11, an exhaust valve 121 is arranged on the main shell 1, the exhaust valve 121 is communicated with the second cylinder 12, a channel valve 13 is further arranged on the main shell 1, and the channel valve 13 is communicated with the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12; a first piston 21 which can slide in the first cylinder 11 and a second piston 22 which can slide in the second cylinder 12 are connected to the crankshaft 2; electrode columns which can be matched with discharge are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the second cylinder 12 and the end surface of the second piston 22, so that when the second piston 22 moves to the stroke limit position, the two electrode columns are close to each other, and high-temperature electric arcs are generated between the end surface of the second piston 22 and the inner wall of the second cylinder 12; the valve port of the channel valve 13 on the second cylinder 12, the exhaust valve 121 and the electrode column on the inner wall of the second cylinder 12 are all positioned at the same end of the second cylinder 12, and the valve port of the channel valve 13 on the first cylinder 11 and the intake valve 111 are positioned at the same end of the first cylinder 11;
the intake valve 111 and the exhaust valve 121 are respectively communicated with a gas storage tank 3 filled with compressed gas media, and a cooling device is arranged between the exhaust valve 121 and the gas storage tank 3 and used for cooling the returned compressed gas media; the opening and closing of each valve is controlled by a valve control unit.
The pressure storage type engine of the embodiment can realize work and output torque outwards through the thermal expansion of compressed gas, and can reduce the consumption of non-renewable resources; in the using process, only the electric energy needed by the compressed gas medium, the discharging device, the cooling device and the like needs to be supplemented, so that the use is convenient and the cost is low; through reasonable matching of air pressure and discharge arc temperature, the working efficiency of the fuel oil type internal combustion engine is superior to that of the existing fuel oil type internal combustion engines, and the applicability is strong.
In use, it comprises alternating cycles of power strokes and exhaust strokes in order to achieve a continuous output of torque.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the power stroke includes: the second piston 22 moves to the stroke limit position, under the control of the valve control unit, the intake valve 111 is opened, the channel valve 13 is closed, the exhaust valve 121 is closed, and the end surface of the second piston 22, the closed channel valve 13, the exhaust valve 121 and the corresponding inner wall of the second cylinder 12 jointly form the closed cylinder space; the two electrode columns generate discharge due to the approach, the compressed gas medium in the closed cylinder space is thermally expanded by the discharge high-temperature arc to push the second piston 22 to do work, the second piston 22 pushes the crankshaft 2 to rotate, and the crankshaft 2 drives the first piston 21 to be far away from the inlet valve 111, so that the compressed gas medium enters the first cylinder 11 from the gas storage tank 3; it can be seen that the power stroke is also the intake stroke of the first piston 21.
The exhaust stroke includes: the second piston 22 moves to the extreme position of the other end of its stroke, and under the control of the valve control unit, the intake valve 111 is closed, the port valve 13 is opened, and the exhaust valve 121 is opened; the crankshaft 2 continues to rotate, the first piston 21 is driven to slide towards the intake valve 111, the compressed gas medium in the first cylinder 11 is pushed into the second cylinder 12 through the channel valve 13, meanwhile, the crankshaft 2 also drives the second piston 22 to slide towards the exhaust valve 121 and push out the high-temperature compressed gas medium which does work in the second cylinder 12 through the exhaust valve 121, and when the second cylinder 12 exhausts, the compressed gas medium in the first cylinder 11 enters the second cylinder 12 through the channel valve 13, so that the high-temperature medium in the second cylinder 12 can be effectively discharged; the continuous rotation of the crankshaft 2 in the exhaust stroke can ensure the cycle operation by means of the inertia force, which is larger than the pressure applied to the first piston 21 and the second piston 22 in the exhaust stroke, and the inertia force can be provided by the mass of the crankshaft 2, or by the flywheel 23 externally connected, which are conventional technologies, in this embodiment, the flywheel 23 is also externally connected, and in addition, the power of the exhaust stroke can be provided mutually by the form of multi-cylinder alternating work.
Then, the high-temperature compressed gas medium is cooled by a cooling device and then flows back into the gas storage tank 3. The arrows in the figure use the direction of flow of the compressed gas medium.
When in implementation, the pressure intensity of the compressed gas medium is 1 Mpa-50 Mpa; the temperature of the high-temperature electric arc is 2000-8000 Kelvin.
In addition, during starting, only the starter 24 needs to drive the flywheel 23 to rotate the crankshaft 2 and drive the second piston 22 to move to the discharging position, the power stroke immediately starts, the engine normally works to continuously output torque, and the starter 24 is disengaged from the flywheel 23 through the clutch, which is similar to the prior art and is not described again.
In implementation, based on the principle, the valve control unit can select an electric control or mechanical form; the intake valve 111 and the exhaust valve 121 may be disposed at any end of the piston, and the angular relationship of the two cylinders in the circumferential direction may also be changed, as long as the motion of the piston combined with the crank shaft 2 can satisfy the above-mentioned power stroke and exhaust stroke by the specific design of the mutual angle between the crank throws; the invention is not limited.
The first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 are in an in-line form, that is, they are arranged in parallel and spaced from each other, the intake valve 111 and the exhaust valve 121 are located at the same end and at one end of the corresponding cylinder far from the crankshaft 2, and the moving directions of the two pistons in the corresponding cylinders are the same when the crankshaft 2 rotates;
the crankshaft 2 is usually connected with a connecting rod through a connecting rod journal on each crank throw, then connected with a piston, and the structural style of the same end can simplify the design difficulty and the manufacturing difficulty of the main shell 1 and the crankshaft 2, and the angles of the two corresponding crank throws in the circumferential direction are consistent.
The valve control unit comprises a camshaft 16 and valve valves 17 corresponding to the valves, so as to control the valve valves 17 to open and close the corresponding valves through the rotation of the camshaft 16, the camshaft 16 is rotatably connected in the main housing 1 and linked with the crankshaft 2, when two pistons are close to the crankshaft 2, the intake valve 111 is opened, the channel valve 13 and the exhaust valve 121 are closed, and when two pistons are far away from the crankshaft 2, the intake valve 111 is closed, and the channel valve 13 and the exhaust valve 121 are opened.
Thus, the valve control unit of the embodiment also selects the mode of the camshaft 16 with a conventional mechanical structure to control the opening and closing of the valve, and is stable and reliable; the camshaft 16 should be provided with functional protrusions at intervals to act on the valve 17 along with the rotation of the camshaft 16, the valve 17 is a combination of a valve cover and a rod part, the rod part passes through the corresponding through hole on the main shell 1 to be connected with the valve cover at the valve opening of the cylinder end, and the rod part is sleeved with a spiral pressure spring for return stroke.
The valve 17 of the port valve 13 controls the position of the port provided to the port valve 13 on the second cylinder 12.
Like this, passageway valve 13 originally all has a valve mouth on first cylinder 11 and second cylinder 12, only need at any one valve mouth set up the throttle valve 17 can, this valve mouth of this embodiment selection in second cylinder 12 one side sets up the throttle valve 17, and the atress of throttle valve 17 matches with the actual operating condition of second cylinder 12 more, and it is better to admit air, the closure effect, and life is also longer.
Wherein, the two electrode columns are respectively connected with the arc generator 5 to obtain high-temperature arc during discharging so as to improve power;
therefore, the mature product arc generator 5 is used for providing high-temperature arc, and the device is stable and reliable and has adjustable power. The traditional spark plug also belongs to arc heating, but the heating value is small, the traditional spark plug can only be used for ignition, and the traditional spark plug is not suitable for heating of the structure.
The arc generator 5 is a direct current arc generator 5, and the anode of the direct current arc generator is electrically connected with the electrode column on the second cylinder 12 through an electric wire so that the electrode column on the second cylinder 12 is formed into an anode column 14; the cathode thereof overlaps the main casing 1 to be electrically connected to the electrode column on the second piston 22 and to be formed as a cathode column 221; the anode post 14 and the main shell 1 are insulated, and during specific operation, a high-temperature resistant ceramic sleeve is arranged between the anode post 14 and the main shell 1 at intervals, and the electric wire is provided with an insulating sheath; the exposed length of the anode post 14 can be adjusted and can be effectively fixed after being adjusted; the proper discharge distance between the anode pole 14 and the cathode pole 221 can be determined according to the power level of the arc generator 5.
Therefore, the direct-current arc generator 5 is further selected, the connection and the use are simple, the applicability is better, and the specific connection form of the cathode and the anode enables the main shell 1 to be connected with the cathode, so that the electricity safety can be effectively guaranteed; in implementation, the anode posts 14 and the cathode posts 221 may be a plurality of pairs arranged in a relatively matching manner, and may be adjusted according to the required engine power, in this embodiment, two pairs are correspondingly arranged on the second piston 22 and the second cylinder 12, and the discharging guarantee during the power stroke is also better.
The intake valve 111 is communicated with the air storage tank 3 through an intake pipeline 31, the exhaust valve 121 is communicated with the air storage tank 3 through an exhaust pipeline 32, a valve body 311 for controlling flow is arranged on the intake pipeline 31 and is controlled by an air flow controller 312 connected with the intake pipeline 31, and a pressure gauge 313 is further connected on the intake pipeline 31.
Therefore, the air flow controller can play a role of an accelerator, the mechanical power and the rotating speed can be controlled by the air flow controller 312 for air intake, and when the air intake is large, the power is large, the rotating speed is high, and when the air intake is small, the power is small, and the rotating speed is low; the adjustment is convenient.
Wherein the gas medium is air, nitrogen or helium; the cooling device comprises cooling fins 6 and a water tank 4, wherein the cooling fins 6 are arranged on the outer wall of at least part of the pipe section of the exhaust pipeline 32 in the exhaust pipeline 32 and the air inlet pipeline 31;
like this, can effectively dispel the heat, reduce the temperature of the high temperature compressed gas medium of backward flow, the cooling effect is better, and is more favorable to the effect assurance of power, and this embodiment has all set up fin 6 on exhaust duct 32 and intake pipe. Compressed air is available, but oxygen is contained in the compressed air, which affects the service life of the cathode and anode, and oxygen-free gas, such as nitrogen, is preferred, which can prolong the service life of the cathode and anode.
The exhaust channel also passes through the water tank 4 to better cool the returned compressed gas medium; the water tank 4 is communicated with the water-cooling circulation channel 15 in the main shell 1 through a circulation water channel 41; be connected with control by temperature change fan 42 on the water tank 4 in order to lower the temperature to water tank 4, water tank 4 embeds has temperature sensor 43 and temperature sensor 43 outer antithetical couplet thermometer 44 in order to show the temperature in the water tank 4, temperature sensor 43 still is connected so that the electric rotational speed of control by temperature change fan 42 can be with the temperature phase-match in the water tank 4 with control by temperature change fan 42 electricity.
Thus, the high-temperature compressed gas medium which is cooled and reflows is further combined with the water tank 4 which is used traditionally, although the circulating water medium of the water tank 4 brings the temperature of the main shell 1, the high-temperature compressed gas medium which does work can also play a role in cooling the high-temperature compressed gas medium by heat exchange; when the device is implemented, the exhaust channel can be S-shaped in the water tank 4 and finally penetrates out, other spaces in the water tank 4 are circulating water, or conversely, the circulating water channel 41 is S-shaped in the water tank 4, and the high-temperature compressed gas medium is discharged after being sent into the water tank 4; the exhaust passage and the aluminum sheet of the laminated structure of the conventional water tank 4 can be arranged in a staggered manner as long as the heat exchange effect can be achieved; the water-cooling circulation passage 15 in the main housing 1 may be formed by conventional means and will not be described in detail.
The gas storage tank 3 is connected with a gas supplementing pipeline, a one-way valve 33 is arranged on the gas supplementing pipeline, a pressure release valve 34 and a safety valve 35 are further arranged on the gas storage tank 3, a safety protection cover 36 with a porous structure is arranged outside the safety valve 35, so that the safety valve 35 can be automatically pressed open when the gas storage tank 3 is abnormally deformed, the gas pressure can be released through a plurality of small holes of the safety protection cover 36, and damage is avoided; the bottom of the air storage tank 3 is also provided with an openable drain outlet 37.
Thus, the air supply and pressure maintaining are convenient, and the air storage tank 3 can be replaced when necessary.
One end of the crankshaft 2 penetrates through the main shell 1 and is connected with a flywheel 23, and the flywheel 23 is in transmission connection with a starter 24; the corresponding end of the camshaft 16 also penetrates through the main shell 1 and is in transmission connection with one end of the crankshaft 2 penetrating through the main shell 1 through a synchronous belt 25 so as to realize linkage;
thus, the flywheel 23 is selected to provide inertia force, and if necessary, a tension pulley 26 may be disposed on the synchronous belt 25 linking the camshaft 16 and the crankshaft 2 to ensure the using effect, and the related structural form and starting are similar to the prior art, and will not be described again.
The end of the crankshaft 2, which penetrates out of the main shell 1, is also in transmission connection with a generator 7 so as to drive the generator 7 to generate electricity, and the generator 7 is connected with a storage battery 71 so as to supply power for electronic devices; the end of the crankshaft 2 that protrudes out of the main housing 1 is detected by a rotation speed sensor 27 and said rotation speed sensor 27 is connected to a tachometer 28 for displaying the rotation speed.
In this way, the electric power is maintained, the service life is conveniently prolonged, and the storage battery 71 can supply power to at least the arc generator 5, the temperature-controlled fan 42, the air flow controller 312, and the like in the engine structure.
Two groups of cylinders are arranged in the main shell 1 and are in an in-line form, the structure of the crankshaft 2 corresponds to that of the crankshaft, and the two groups of cylinders work alternately.
Therefore, the power of the engine can be improved, the two groups of cylinders can provide the power of the exhaust stroke mutually by alternately applying work, the requirement on the flywheel 23 is avoided to be overhigh, and the crank throw corresponding to the two groups of cylinders is arranged at 180 degrees in terms of structure. Of course, in order to further improve the power, the number of the cylinders can be increased in groups, as long as the circumferential angle of the crank throw is correspondingly matched with the design.
The diameter of the crank throw correspondingly connected with the first piston 21 on the crankshaft 2 is smaller than that of the crank throw correspondingly connected with the second piston 22, specifically, the distance from the connecting journal to the axis is referred to.
In this way, power consumption can be reduced without affecting power. Because excessive compressed gas medium can generate heat when flowing in the pipeline, and the energy consumed for cooling is increased, the stroke of the first piston 21 is smaller than that of the second piston 22, and the high-temperature gas medium in the second cylinder 12 can be effectively pushed out by the air inlet of the first cylinder 11 in the air inlet stroke.
In practice, the main housing 1 includes a cylinder body and a cylinder cover, the cylinder cover is preferably a part above the camshaft 16, which facilitates the manufacture of the cylinder body and the cylinder cover, the cylinder body may be an integral structure or an assembly molding, and the description of the existing means is omitted.
During implementation, the oil pump can further comprise an existing oil pump 8 and an existing oil filter 81, and the existing oil pump and the existing oil filter are used for lubricating the structure; in the figure, the oil pump 8, the oil filter 81, and the generator 7 spatially overlap the main casing 1, but are not inside the main casing 1.
The invention also provides a method for applying work by the engine, which comprises the following steps: the high-temperature electric arc generated by discharge expands the compressed gas medium to drive the piston to do work, and the power stroke of the piston drives the crankshaft 2 to output torque.
Specifically, the method is carried out based on the pressure storage type engine, and comprises a power stroke and an exhaust stroke which are alternately cycled so as to realize continuous output of torque;
the power stroke includes: the second piston 22 moves to the stroke limit position, under the control of the valve control unit, the intake valve 111 is opened, the channel valve 13 is closed, the exhaust valve 121 is closed, and the end surface of the second piston 22, the closed channel valve 13, the exhaust valve 121 and the corresponding inner wall of the second cylinder 12 jointly form the closed cylinder space; the two electrode columns generate discharge due to the approach, the compressed gas medium in the closed cylinder space is thermally expanded by the discharge high-temperature arc to push the second piston 22 to do work, the second piston 22 pushes the crankshaft 2 to rotate, and the crankshaft 2 drives the first piston 21 to be far away from the inlet valve 111, so that the compressed gas medium enters the first cylinder 11 from the gas storage tank 3;
the exhaust stroke includes: the second piston 22 moves to the extreme position of the other end of its stroke, and under the control of the valve control unit, the intake valve 111 is closed, the port valve 13 is opened, and the exhaust valve 121 is opened; the crankshaft 2 continues to rotate, the first piston 21 is driven to slide towards the intake valve 111, the compressed gas medium in the first cylinder 11 is pushed into the second cylinder 12 through the channel valve 13, and meanwhile, the crankshaft 2 also drives the second piston 22 to slide towards the exhaust valve 121 and push out the high-temperature compressed gas medium which does work in the second cylinder 12 through the exhaust valve 121;
the high-temperature compressed gas medium is cooled by the cooling device and then flows back into the gas storage tank 3.
For the other group of cylinders, the work doing mode is the same, only because the crank throw is different by 180 degrees, in order to do work alternately, one group of cylinders is in the work doing stroke, and the other group of cylinders is in the exhaust stroke, and torque is provided alternately.
Wherein the pressure intensity of the compressed gas medium is 1-50 Mpa; the temperature of the high-temperature electric arc is 2000-8000 Kelvin.
Comparative efficiency example:
a fuel engine: assuming that the engine cylinder diameter is 80mm, the stroke is 90mm, and the piston area is 50mm2The discharge capacity is 450ml, the air inlet pressure is 0.1Mpa, and the compression ratio is 10: 1, the pressure after compression is 1Mpa, the pressure after combustion and expansion of the fuel oil combined with atomization in the combustion chamber is 5Mpa, the pressure minus the exhaust pressure is 0.1Mpa, which is equal to 4.9 Mpa, the pressure of 4.9 Mpa is equal to 490N, 490 multiplied by 50mm2Equal to 2450N, divided by 9.8, which is equal to about 2500KG force.
This pressure storage formula engine: assuming that the engine cylinder diameter is 80mm, the stroke is 90mm, and the piston area is 50mm2The pressure of inlet air is 10Mpa, the arc temperature is 6000 Kelvin, the pressure after high temperature expansion is 40Mpa, the pressure minus the exhaust pressure is 10Mpa, equal to 30Mpa, 30Mpa is equal to 3000N, 3000 multiplied by 50mm2Equal to 150000N divided by 9.8 approximately equals 15306KG force.
The power of the fuel engine for compressing air to do work is almost equal to the power consumed by the electric arc of the pressure storage type engine, the efficiency of the pressure storage type engine is 6 times higher than that of the fuel engine, and the larger the compressed air pressure is, the larger the engine power can be.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The pressure storage type engine comprises a main shell, wherein a group of cylinders and a rotatable crankshaft are arranged in the main shell; the method is characterized in that: the group of cylinders comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the first cylinder is communicated with an intake valve, the second cylinder is communicated with an exhaust valve, and the first cylinder and the second cylinder are also communicated through a channel valve; the crankshaft is connected with a first piston capable of sliding in a first cylinder and a second piston capable of sliding in a second cylinder; electrode columns which can be matched with discharge are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the second cylinder and the end surface of the second piston so that the two electrode columns are close to each other to generate high-temperature electric arcs when the second piston moves to a stroke limit position; the valve port of the channel valve on the second cylinder, the exhaust valve and the electrode column on the inner wall of the second cylinder are all positioned at the same end of the second cylinder, and the valve port of the channel valve on the first cylinder and the intake valve are positioned at the same end of the first cylinder;
the inlet valve and the exhaust valve are respectively communicated with a gas storage tank filled with compressed gas media, and a cooling device is arranged between the exhaust valve and the gas storage tank and used for cooling the returned compressed gas media; the opening and closing of each valve is controlled by a valve control unit.
2. The pressure storage type engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first cylinder and the second cylinder are in an in-line form, the intake valve and the exhaust valve are positioned at the same end and at one end of the corresponding cylinder far away from the crankshaft, and the motion directions of the two pistons in the corresponding cylinders are the same when the crankshaft rotates;
the valve control unit includes a camshaft rotatably coupled in the main housing and valve valves corresponding to the valves to control the valves to open and close the corresponding valves by rotation of the camshaft.
3. The pressure storage type engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two electrode columns are respectively connected with an arc generator so as to obtain high-temperature arc during discharging, thereby improving the power;
the arc generator is a direct current arc generator, and the anode of the direct current arc generator is electrically connected with the electrode column on the second cylinder through an electric wire so that the electrode column on the second cylinder is formed into an anode column; the cathode of the second piston is overlapped with the main shell so as to be electrically connected with the electrode column on the second piston and form the electrode column into a cathode column; and insulating treatment is carried out between the anode pole and the main shell.
4. The pressure storage type engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air inlet valve is communicated with the air storage tank through an air inlet pipeline, the air outlet valve is communicated with the air storage tank through an air outlet pipeline, and a valve body for controlling flow is arranged on the air inlet pipeline.
5. The accumulator engine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the gas medium is air, nitrogen or helium; the cooling device comprises a cooling fin and a water tank, wherein the cooling fin is arranged on the outer wall of at least part of the pipe section of the exhaust pipeline in the exhaust pipeline and the air inlet pipeline;
the exhaust passage also passes through the water tank to better cool the returned compressed gas medium; the water tank is communicated with the water-cooling circulation channel in the main shell through a circulation water channel.
6. The pressure storage type engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: one end of the crankshaft penetrates through the main shell and is connected with a flywheel, and the flywheel is in transmission connection with a starter; the corresponding end of the camshaft also penetrates through the main shell and is in transmission connection with one end of the crankshaft, which penetrates through the main shell;
the end of the crankshaft, which penetrates out of the main shell, is also in transmission connection with a generator to drive the generator to generate electricity, and the generator is connected with a storage battery to supply power for electronic devices.
7. The pressure storage type engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: two groups of cylinders are arranged in the main shell and are in an in-line form, the structure of the crankshaft corresponds to that of the crankshaft, and the two groups of cylinders work alternately.
8. An engine work-doing method: the method is characterized in that: the high-temperature electric arc is used for enabling a compressed gas medium to thermally expand to push a piston to do work, and the piston pushes a crankshaft to output torque.
9. The engine work method of claim 8, wherein: the method is carried out based on the pressure storage type engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises a power stroke and an exhaust stroke which are alternately cycled so as to realize continuous output of torque;
the power stroke includes: the second piston moves to the stroke limit position, and under the control of the valve control unit, the inlet valve is opened, the channel valve is closed, and the exhaust valve is closed; the two electrode columns generate discharge due to the approach of the two electrode columns, the high-temperature electric arc of the discharge enables the compressed gas medium to thermally expand to push the second piston to do work, the second piston pushes the crankshaft to rotate, and the crankshaft drives the first piston to be far away from the inlet valve, so that the compressed gas medium enters the first cylinder from the gas storage tank;
the exhaust stroke includes: the second piston moves to the limit position of the other end of the stroke, and under the control of the valve control unit, the air inlet valve is closed, the channel valve is opened, and the exhaust valve is opened; the crankshaft continuously rotates to drive the first piston to slide towards the intake valve and push the compressed gas medium in the first cylinder into the second cylinder through the channel valve, and meanwhile, the crankshaft also drives the second piston to slide towards the exhaust valve and push the high-temperature compressed gas medium in the second cylinder out through the exhaust valve;
the high-temperature compressed gas medium is cooled by a cooling device and then flows back into the gas storage tank.
10. An engine work method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: the pressure of the compressed gas medium is 1-50 Mpa; the temperature of the high-temperature electric arc is 2000-8000 Kelvin.
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