CN110642622A - Potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic and manufacturing process and application thereof - Google Patents

Potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic and manufacturing process and application thereof Download PDF

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CN110642622A
CN110642622A CN201911017852.0A CN201911017852A CN110642622A CN 110642622 A CN110642622 A CN 110642622A CN 201911017852 A CN201911017852 A CN 201911017852A CN 110642622 A CN110642622 A CN 110642622A
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龚文
吴超峰
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Tongxiang Qingfeng Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to potassium-sodium niobate (KNN) based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic, a manufacturing process thereof and application thereof in a screen sounding element. The invention discloses potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, which is prepared by adopting a composite doping method and through process adjustment, and has high density and large piezoelectric response. The invention also provides a screen sounding element made of the potassium-sodium niobate leadless piezoelectric ceramic, and the screen can sound at fixed points through the design of a piezoelectric array.

Description

Potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic and manufacturing process and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics and screen sounding, in particular to potassium-sodium niobate (KNN) based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, a manufacturing process thereof and application thereof in a screen sounding element.
Background
The screen sounding technology is that the screen is driven to vibrate by the vibration of a vibrator arranged in the mobile phone to generate sound waves which are transmitted into human ears. The screen sounding technology can meet the requirement of full screen mobile phone appearance imperforation, and the screen occupation ratio of the mobile phone is improved to the greatest extent. The existing screen sounding technology is that a vibrator is attached to a middle frame of a mobile phone, the vibrator drives the middle frame to vibrate so as to vibrate a screen, and the sounding effect is not ideal.
In addition, the piezoelectric vibration elements used at present are all made of piezoelectric materials based on lead zirconate titanate (PZT), the lead element content of the lead zirconate titanate material is nearly 70%, and the lead-containing material can seriously damage human health and ecological environment in the processes of production, use and waste treatment.
Based on the situation, the invention provides the potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic and the manufacturing process and the application thereof, and the problems can be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide potassium-sodium niobate based leadless piezoelectric ceramics and a manufacturing process and application thereof. The potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is prepared into the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with high density and large piezoelectric response by adopting a composite doping method and through process adjustment; the potassium-sodium niobate leadless piezoelectric ceramic is used for preparing a screen sounding element, and the screen can sound at a fixed point by the design of a piezoelectric array.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic has the chemical composition of (1-x) (K)aNabLi1-a-b)NbO3+x(Bi0.5Ag0.5)TiO3(ii) a Wherein a, b and x are mole percentages, a is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6, b is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6, and x is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.3.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the potassium sodium niobate based leadless piezoelectric ceramic, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dewatering raw materials: putting potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, niobium pentoxide, lithium carbonate, bismuth trioxide, titanium dioxide and silver oxide into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into an oven, and keeping the temperature for 3-6h at the temperature of 150-;
(2) mixing materials: dispersing the raw materials in absolute ethyl alcohol according to the chemical composition ratio, mixing by ball milling at the ball milling rotation speed of 300-600rpm for 24-48h, uniformly mixing, drying, crushing and sieving to prepare dry powder;
(3) pre-burning: placing the dry powder in a box furnace, continuously heating to 750-;
(4) and (3) sintering: dry-pressing the pre-sintering powder into a ceramic green body, and preserving heat for 6-18h in a sintering furnace at the temperature of 1100-1300 ℃ to obtain a compact piezoelectric ceramic plate;
(5) processing: processing the sintered compact piezoelectric ceramic plate to a required size;
(6) is coated with silver: coating a layer of uniform silver paste with the thickness of 0.1 +/-0.01 mm on two sides of the ceramic chip, drying at the temperature of 200 ℃, then heating to 800 ℃ in a heat treatment furnace, preserving heat for 30min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniform and compact silver electrode layer;
(7) polarization: marking the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the silver-plated ceramic chip, then putting the silver-plated ceramic chip into a polarization device filled with silicon oil, heating the silver-plated ceramic chip to 80-160 ℃ in an oil bath, polarizing the silver-plated ceramic chip for 30min under the voltage of 2-6kV/mm, and then standing the silver-plated ceramic chip for 24h and aging the silver-plated ceramic chip at room temperature to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
The invention also provides a screen sounding element made of the potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic, which is characterized in that: the screen sounding element comprises a substrate, a lower electrode layer, a piezoelectric vibration unit layer, an upper electrode layer, a matching layer and a screen which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
Preferably, the substrate is used for providing rigid support for the screen sounding element; and the substrate is provided with an intelligent control unit for accurately controlling the working state of the piezoelectric vibration unit.
Preferably, the lower electrode layer is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate and includes a lower electrode of each vibration unit in the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
Preferably, the piezoelectric vibration unit layer is arranged above the lower electrode layer and comprises piezoelectric ceramic arrays arranged according to a preset pattern, wherein each vibration unit is independent; the piezoelectric ceramic array is made of potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
Preferably, the shape of the lower electrode layer is consistent with the shape of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
Preferably, the upper electrode layer is disposed above the piezoelectric vibration unit layer and includes an upper electrode of each vibration unit in the piezoelectric vibration unit layer; the shape of the upper electrode layer is consistent with that of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
Preferably, the matching layer is disposed above the upper electrode layer and is configured to transmit vibration generated by the piezoelectric vibration unit to a designated position of the screen.
Preferably, the matching layer has a shape similar to that of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer and has an array structure.
The matching layer is distinguished from the vibrating unit layer in that each unit is not independent but integrally connected to each other.
Preferably, the matching layer is made of a metal material.
Preferably, the screen is an OLED panel, and the OLED panel has flexibility and can well feed back sound; meanwhile, the OLED panel is light and thin in material, and can be driven easily and realize vibration sounding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the method adopting composite doping has the following beneficial effects: 1) through process adjustment, the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with high density and large piezoelectric response is prepared, and the piezoelectric constant d of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic33Above 350pC/N, d33 *Above 450pm/V, the screen sounding element prepared by the method has low driving voltage, large vibration and good sounding effect; 2) each piezoelectric vibration unit in the screen sounding element provided by the invention can be independently controlled, so that fixed-point sounding of a screen is realized; 3) the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is adopted to replace the traditional lead-containing piezoelectric material as the core element of the screen sounding device, is green and environment-friendly, can effectively avoid lead pollution caused by the piezoelectric ceramic material in the production, use and abandonment processes, and reduces the damage to human health and environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a screen sound generating element provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer and the lower and upper electrode layers in the screen sound generating device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the matching layer in the device, in which the solid black line is a hollow portion.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with specific examples, but it should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
Example 1:
the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic has the chemical composition of (1-x) (K)aNabLi1-a-b)NbO3+x(Bi0.5Ag0.5)TiO3(ii) a Wherein a, b and x are mole percentages, a is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6, b is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6, and x is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.3.
Example 2:
a preparation method of the potassium sodium niobate based leadless piezoelectric ceramic comprises the following steps:
(1) dewatering raw materials: putting potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, niobium pentoxide, lithium carbonate, bismuth trioxide, titanium dioxide and silver oxide into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into an oven, and keeping the temperature for 3-6h at the temperature of 150-;
(2) mixing materials: dispersing the raw materials in absolute ethyl alcohol according to the chemical composition ratio, mixing by ball milling at the ball milling rotation speed of 300-600rpm for 24-48h, uniformly mixing, drying, crushing and sieving to prepare dry powder;
(3) pre-burning: placing the dry powder in a box furnace, continuously heating to 750-;
(4) and (3) sintering: dry-pressing the pre-sintering powder into a ceramic green body, and preserving heat for 6-18h in a sintering furnace at the temperature of 1100-1300 ℃ to obtain a compact piezoelectric ceramic plate;
(5) processing: processing the sintered compact piezoelectric ceramic plate to a required size;
(6) is coated with silver: coating a layer of uniform silver paste with the thickness of 0.1 +/-0.01 mm on two sides of the ceramic chip, drying at the temperature of 200 ℃, then heating to 800 ℃ in a heat treatment furnace, preserving heat for 30min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniform and compact silver electrode layer;
(7) polarization: marking the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the silver-plated ceramic chip, then putting the silver-plated ceramic chip into a polarization device filled with silicon oil, heating the silver-plated ceramic chip to 80-160 ℃ in an oil bath, polarizing the silver-plated ceramic chip for 30min under the voltage of 2-6kV/mm, and then standing the silver-plated ceramic chip for 24h and aging the silver-plated ceramic chip at room temperature to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
Example 3:
a screen sound producing element made of the potassium sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic is characterized in that: the screen sounding element comprises a substrate, a lower electrode layer, a piezoelectric vibration unit layer, an upper electrode layer, a matching layer and a screen which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
Example 4:
a screen sound producing element made of the potassium sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic is characterized in that: the screen sounding element comprises a substrate, a lower electrode layer, a piezoelectric vibration unit layer, an upper electrode layer, a matching layer and a screen which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
Preferably, the substrate is used for providing rigid support for the screen sounding element; and the substrate is provided with an intelligent control unit for accurately controlling the working state of the piezoelectric vibration unit.
Preferably, the lower electrode layer is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate and includes a lower electrode of each vibration unit in the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
Preferably, the piezoelectric vibration unit layer is arranged above the lower electrode layer and comprises piezoelectric ceramic arrays arranged according to a preset pattern, wherein each vibration unit is independent; the piezoelectric ceramic array is made of potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
Preferably, the shape of the lower electrode layer is consistent with the shape of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
Preferably, the upper electrode layer is disposed above the piezoelectric vibration unit layer and includes an upper electrode of each vibration unit in the piezoelectric vibration unit layer; the shape of the upper electrode layer is consistent with that of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
Preferably, the matching layer is disposed above the upper electrode layer and is configured to transmit vibration generated by the piezoelectric vibration unit to a designated position of the screen.
Preferably, the matching layer has a shape similar to that of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer and has an array structure.
The matching layer is distinguished from the vibrating unit layer in that each unit is not independent but integrally connected to each other.
Preferably, the matching layer is made of a metal material.
Preferably, the screen is an OLED panel, and the OLED panel has flexibility and can well feed back sound; meanwhile, the OLED panel is light and thin in material, and can be driven easily and realize vibration sounding.
Example 5:
the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic has the chemical composition of (1-x) (K)aNabLi1-a-b)NbO3+x(Bi0.5Ag0.5)TiO3(ii) a Wherein a, b and x are mole percentages, a is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6, b is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6, and x is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.3.
In this embodiment, the method for preparing the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic includes the following steps:
(1) dewatering raw materials: putting potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, niobium pentoxide, lithium carbonate, bismuth trioxide, titanium dioxide and silver oxide into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into an oven, and keeping the temperature for 3-6h at the temperature of 150-;
(2) mixing materials: dispersing the raw materials in absolute ethyl alcohol according to the chemical composition ratio, mixing by ball milling at the ball milling rotation speed of 300-600rpm for 24-48h, uniformly mixing, drying, crushing and sieving to prepare dry powder;
(3) pre-burning: placing the dry powder in a box furnace, continuously heating to 750-;
(4) and (3) sintering: dry-pressing the pre-sintering powder into a ceramic green body, and preserving heat for 6-18h in a sintering furnace at the temperature of 1100-1300 ℃ to obtain a compact piezoelectric ceramic plate;
(5) processing: processing the sintered compact piezoelectric ceramic plate to a required size;
(6) is coated with silver: coating a layer of uniform silver paste with the thickness of 0.1 +/-0.01 mm on two sides of the ceramic chip, drying at the temperature of 200 ℃, then heating to 800 ℃ in a heat treatment furnace, preserving heat for 30min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniform and compact silver electrode layer;
(7) polarization: marking the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the silver-plated ceramic chip, then putting the silver-plated ceramic chip into a polarization device filled with silicon oil, heating the silver-plated ceramic chip to 80-160 ℃ in an oil bath, polarizing the silver-plated ceramic chip for 30min under the voltage of 2-6kV/mm, and then standing the silver-plated ceramic chip for 24h and aging the silver-plated ceramic chip at room temperature to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
In this embodiment, the screen sound generating element manufactured by using the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is characterized in that: the screen sounding element comprises a substrate, a lower electrode layer, a piezoelectric vibration unit layer, an upper electrode layer, a matching layer and a screen which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
In this embodiment, the substrate is used to provide a rigid support for the screen sound generating element; and the substrate is provided with an intelligent control unit for accurately controlling the working state of the piezoelectric vibration unit.
In this embodiment, the lower electrode layer is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate and includes lower electrodes of the respective vibration units in the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
In this embodiment, the piezoelectric vibration unit layer is disposed above the lower electrode layer, and includes a piezoelectric ceramic array arranged according to a predetermined pattern, wherein each vibration unit is independent from each other; the piezoelectric ceramic array is made of potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
In this embodiment, the shape of the lower electrode layer is maintained in conformity with the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
In this embodiment, the upper electrode layer is disposed above the piezoelectric vibration unit layer, and includes upper electrodes of each vibration unit in the piezoelectric vibration unit layer; the shape of the upper electrode layer is consistent with that of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
In this embodiment, the matching layer is disposed above the upper electrode layer for transmitting the vibration generated by the piezoelectric vibration unit to a designated position of the screen.
In this embodiment, the matching layer has a shape similar to that of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer, and has an array structure.
The matching layer is distinguished from the vibrating unit layer in that each unit is not independent but integrally connected to each other.
In this embodiment, the matching layer is made of a metal material.
In this embodiment, the screen is an OLED panel, and the OLED panel has flexibility and can well feed back sound; meanwhile, the OLED panel is light and thin in material, and can be driven easily and realize vibration sounding.
Example 6:
a potassium-sodium niobate based leadless piezoelectric ceramic comprises the following chemical components: 0.85 (K)0.5Na0.45Li0.05)NbO3+0.15(Bi0.5Ag0.5)TiO3The manufacturing process comprises the following steps:
(1) dewatering raw materials: putting potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, niobium pentoxide, lithium carbonate, bismuth trioxide, titanium dioxide and silver oxide into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into an oven, and keeping the temperature at 150 ℃ for 6 hours to remove water in the raw materials;
(2) mixing materials: raw materials are dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol according to chemical composition proportion, ball milling is adopted for mixing, the ball milling rotating speed is 600rpm, the ball milling time is 24 hours, drying is carried out after uniform mixing, and the raw materials are crushed and sieved to prepare dry powder;
(3) pre-burning: putting the dry powder into a box furnace, continuously heating to 950 ℃, preserving heat for 12 hours, cooling to room temperature, crushing and sieving to obtain pre-sintered powder;
(4) and (3) sintering: dry-pressing the pre-sintering powder into a ceramic green body, and preserving heat for 6 hours at 1300 ℃ in a sintering furnace to obtain a compact piezoelectric ceramic piece;
(5) processing: processing the sintered compact piezoelectric ceramic plate to a required size;
(6) is coated with silver: coating a layer of uniform silver paste with the thickness of 0.1 +/-0.01 mm on two sides of the ceramic chip, drying at 200 ℃, then heating to 800 ℃ in a heat treatment furnace, preserving heat for 30min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniform and compact silver electrode layer;
(7) polarization: marking the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the silver-plated ceramic chip, then putting the silver-plated ceramic chip into a polarization device filled with silicon oil, heating the silver-plated ceramic chip to 160 ℃ in an oil bath, polarizing the silver-plated ceramic chip for 30min under the voltage of 2kV/mm, and then standing the silver-plated ceramic chip at room temperature for 24h for aging to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
In this embodiment, the screen sound generating element manufactured by using the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic specifically includes:
the piezoelectric vibration unit comprises a substrate 10, a lower electrode layer 20, a piezoelectric vibration unit layer 30, an upper electrode layer 40, a matching layer 50 and a screen 60 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
The substrate 10 is used for providing rigid support for the screen sounding element; in addition, an intelligent control unit is arranged on the substrate and used for accurately controlling the working state of the piezoelectric vibration unit.
The lower electrode layer 20 is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate 10 and includes lower electrodes of the respective vibration units in the piezoelectric vibration unit layer 30.
The piezoelectric vibration unit layer 30 is disposed above the lower electrode layer 20, and includes piezoelectric ceramic arrays arranged according to a predetermined pattern, wherein each vibration unit is independent of each other; the piezoelectric ceramic array is made of the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
The shape of the lower electrode layer 20 is maintained in conformity with the piezoelectric vibration unit layer 30.
The upper electrode layer 40 is disposed above the piezoelectric vibration unit layer 30, and includes upper electrodes of each vibration unit in the piezoelectric vibration unit layer 30; the shape of the upper electrode layer 40 is consistent with the vibration unit layer 30. Fig. 2 provides a schematic plan view of a preferred piezoelectric vibrating unit layer and lower and upper electrode layers.
The matching layer 50 is disposed above the upper electrode layer 40, and is used for transmitting the vibration generated by the piezoelectric vibration unit to a designated position of the screen 60; the matching layer 50 has a shape similar to that of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer 30, and is in an array structure; the matching layer 50 is different from the vibration unit layer 30 in that each unit is not independent but integrally connected to each other. Fig. 3 provides a schematic plan view of a preferred matching layer. The matching layer is made of metal.
The screen is an OLED panel, and the OLED panel has flexibility and can well feed back sound; meanwhile, the OLED panel is light and thin in material, and can be driven easily and realize vibration sounding.
The invention adopts a composite doping method and prepares the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with high density and large piezoelectric response through process adjustment, and the piezoelectric constant d of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic33Above 350pC/N, d33 *Above 450pm/V, the screen sounding element prepared by the method has low driving voltage, large vibration and good sounding effect. Meanwhile, each piezoelectric vibration unit in the screen sounding element provided by the invention can be independently controlled, so that fixed-point sounding of a screen is realized. In addition, the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is adopted to replace the traditional lead-containing piezoelectric material as the core element of the screen sounding device, is green and environment-friendly, can effectively avoid lead pollution caused by the piezoelectric ceramic material in the production, use and abandonment processes, and reduces the damage to human health and environment.
Unless otherwise specified, in the present invention, if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms of "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, the terms describing orientation or positional relationship in the present invention are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as limiting the present patent, specific meanings of the above terms can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the specific circumstances in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are used broadly and encompass, for example, being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A potassium-sodium niobate based leadless piezoelectric ceramic is characterized in that: the chemical composition of the potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic is (1-x) (K)aNabLi1～a～b)NbO3+x(Bi0.5Ag0.5)TiO3(ii) a Wherein a, b and x are mole percentages, a is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6, b is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6, and x is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.3.
2. A method for producing a potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
(1) dewatering raw materials: putting potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, niobium pentoxide, lithium carbonate, bismuth trioxide, titanium dioxide and silver oxide into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into an oven, and keeping the temperature at 150-200 ℃ for 3-6 hours to remove water in the raw materials;
(2) mixing materials: the raw materials are dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol according to the chemical composition ratio, ball milling is adopted for mixing, the ball milling rotating speed is 300-600rpm, the ball milling time is 24-48h, drying is carried out after uniform mixing, and the mixture is crushed and sieved to prepare dry powder;
(3) pre-burning: placing the dry powder in a box furnace, continuously heating to 750-950 ℃, preserving heat for 12-24 hours, cooling to room temperature, crushing and sieving to obtain pre-fired powder;
(4) and (3) sintering: dry-pressing and molding the pre-sintering powder into a ceramic green body, and preserving heat for 6-18 hours at 1100-1300 ℃ in a sintering furnace to obtain a compact piezoelectric ceramic piece;
(5) processing: processing the sintered compact piezoelectric ceramic plate to a required size;
(6) is coated with silver: coating a layer of uniform silver paste with the thickness of 0.1 +/-0.01 mm on two sides of the ceramic chip, drying at 200 ℃, heating to 600-800 ℃ in a heat treatment furnace, preserving heat for 30min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a uniform and compact silver electrode layer;
(7) polarization: marking the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the silver-plated ceramic chip, then placing the silver-plated ceramic chip into a polarization device filled with silicone oil, heating the silver-plated ceramic chip to 80-160 ℃ in an oil bath, polarizing the silver-plated ceramic chip for 30min at the voltage of 2-6kV/mm, and then placing the silver-plated ceramic chip for 24h and aging at room temperature to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
3. A screen sound generating element made of the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic of any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: the screen sounding element comprises a substrate, a lower electrode layer, a piezoelectric vibration unit layer, an upper electrode layer, a matching layer and a screen which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
4. A screen sound element according to claim 3, wherein: the substrate is used for providing rigid support for the screen sounding element; and the substrate is provided with an intelligent control unit for accurately controlling the working state of the piezoelectric vibration unit.
5. A screen sound element according to claim 3, wherein: the lower electrode layer is arranged on the upper surface of the substrate and comprises lower electrodes of all the vibration units in the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
6. A screen sound element according to claim 3, wherein: the piezoelectric vibration unit layer is arranged above the lower electrode layer and comprises piezoelectric ceramic arrays arranged according to a preset pattern, wherein each vibration unit is independent; the piezoelectric ceramic array is made of potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
7. A screen sound element according to claim 3, wherein: the upper electrode layer is arranged above the piezoelectric vibration unit layer and comprises upper electrodes of all vibration units in the piezoelectric vibration unit layer; the shape of the upper electrode layer is consistent with that of the piezoelectric vibration unit layer.
8. A screen sound element according to claim 3, wherein: the matching layer is arranged above the upper electrode layer and used for transmitting the vibration generated by the piezoelectric vibration unit to a specified position of the screen.
9. A screen sound element according to claim 3, wherein: the matching layer is made of metal.
10. A screen sound element according to claim 3, wherein: the screen is an OLED panel.
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