CN110642430A - Treatment process of chromium-containing wastewater - Google Patents
Treatment process of chromium-containing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN110642430A CN110642430A CN201911055371.9A CN201911055371A CN110642430A CN 110642430 A CN110642430 A CN 110642430A CN 201911055371 A CN201911055371 A CN 201911055371A CN 110642430 A CN110642430 A CN 110642430A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of interpretation treatment of chromium-containing waste, and particularly discloses a treatment process of chromium-containing wastewater, which comprises the following steps: (1) collecting: collecting the chromium-containing wastewater into a reaction tank; (2) acidifying: adding sulfuric acid into the reaction tank; (3) sulfur burning: burning sulfur in a sulfur furnace to produce sulfur dioxide; (4) absorption: introducing the sulfur dioxide generated in the step (3) into a reaction tower, and pumping the chromium-containing wastewater in the reaction tank in the step (2) into the reaction tower to react the sulfur dioxide with the chromium-containing wastewater; (5) and (3) recovering: recycling the chromium-containing wastewater reacted in the step (4) into a recovery tank; (6) neutralizing: adding an alkaline solution into a recovery tank; (7) and (3) precipitation: adding a flocculating agent into the recovery tank to generate a precipitate in the recovery tank; (8) performing filter pressing; and (5) carrying out filter pressing on the precipitate generated in the step (5) to obtain chromium-containing waste. The process can reduce the treatment steps of the chromium-containing wastewater and reduce the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of interpretation treatment of chromium-containing waste, in particular to a treatment process of chromium-containing wastewater.
Background
The chromium salt industry is an important inorganic chemical industry in China, and chromium slag is discharged in 2-3 tons per 1 ton of produced products. With the construction of domestic chromium salt plants in nationwide distribution, nearly 200 million tons of chromium slag are stockpiled nationwide without any anti-seepage measures, and the serious pollution to underground water is caused. In addition, in order to prevent the enrichment of silicon, chlorine, calcium, iron and aluminum in the process during the normal production of chromium salt, a large amount of chromium-containing wastewater is also required to be discharged. The chromium-containing wastewater has stronger toxicity, because the chromium-containing wastewater contains hexavalent chromium with higher toxicity, and the toxicity of trivalent chromium is far lower than that of hexavalent chromium, the prior art mainly adopts a mode of reducing hexavalent chromium into trivalent chromium to carry out harmless treatment on the chromium-containing wastewater, and the prior treatment mode has complicated process and higher cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment process of chromium-containing wastewater, which can reduce the treatment steps of the chromium-containing wastewater and reduce the cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: a treatment process of chromium-containing wastewater comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting: collecting the chromium-containing wastewater into a reaction tank;
(2) acidifying: adding sulfuric acid into the reaction tank;
(3) sulfur burning: burning sulfur in a sulfur furnace to produce sulfur dioxide;
(4) absorption: introducing the sulfur dioxide generated in the step (3) into a reaction tower, and pumping the chromium-containing wastewater in the reaction tank in the step (2) into the reaction tower to react the sulfur dioxide with the chromium-containing wastewater;
(5) and (3) recovering: recycling the chromium-containing wastewater reacted in the step (4) into a recovery tank;
(6) neutralizing: adding an alkaline solution into a recovery tank;
(7) and (3) precipitation: adding a flocculating agent into the recovery tank to generate a precipitate in the recovery tank;
(8) performing filter pressing; and (5) carrying out filter pressing on the precipitate generated in the step (5) to obtain chromium-containing waste.
The theory of operation and the beneficial effect of this scheme of adoption lie in: in the prior art, sodium sulfite reacts with hexavalent chromium to reduce the hexavalent chromium into trivalent chromium, and the inventor finds that the existing treatment mode has the following problems: 1. in the reduction process, hexavalent chromium needs to be completely reduced into trivalent chromium, so that excessive sodium sulfite needs to be added into a reaction tank, and the waste of raw materials is caused; 2. in the process of reduction by sodium sulfite, sodium ions are added into the reaction tank, and the sodium ions in the reaction tank need to be further removed, so that the treatment steps are increased, and the cost is increased.
In the scheme, sulfur dioxide is used for reducing Cr6+Neutralizing with alkali solution to form Cr (OH)3Precipitation, the reaction formula is:
Na2Cr2O7+3SO2+H2SO4→Cr2(SO4)3+Na2SO4+H2O
Cr2(SO4)3+6NaOH→2Cr(OH)3↓+3Na2SO4
in the scheme, the chromium-containing wastewater is firstly acidified, and then hexavalent chromium in the reaction tank can be fully reacted only by adding sulfur dioxide.
The excess SO2 fraction is present in solution in the form of sulfurous acid, which reacts with the lye during neutralization to form sodium sulfite, the reaction formula being: h2SO3+2NaOH→Na2SO3+H2O。
In this scheme, the sulfur dioxide that lets in is gaseous, and unnecessary sulfur dioxide can directly discharge the absorption tower in, can not have the extravagant condition, can not add new metal ion in the reaction tank moreover, can not increase new separation step. In addition, sulfur dioxide is generated by burning sulfur, so that the separation steps are reduced, and compared with the prior art, the method is low in cost.
Further, in the step (4), discharging the sulfur dioxide discharged from the reaction tower into an absorption tank for recycling treatment. And redundant sulfur dioxide is introduced into the reaction tank and the recovery tank to react and recover the sulfur dioxide, so that the sulfur dioxide is prevented from being discharged into the air to pollute the environment.
Further, a sodium hydroxide solution is contained in the absorption tank. And the sodium hydroxide solution is adopted to neutralize redundant sulfur dioxide, so that the sulfur dioxide is better absorbed, and the cost of the sodium hydroxide is lower.
Further, the number of the absorption tanks is multiple. The absorption effect of the sulfur dioxide by adopting a plurality of recovery pools is better.
Further, a Ph detector for detecting a Ph value is arranged in each absorption cell. The sodium hydroxide solution is alkaline, and the sulfur dioxide is introduced into the sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize the alkalinity of the sodium hydroxide. When the Ph detector detects that the reaction tank is neutral, the sodium hydroxide in the reaction tank is completely reacted, and sulfur dioxide can be transferred to other reaction tanks.
Further, in the step (6), the alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide. The sodium hydroxide solution is easy to obtain and low in cost.
Further, the Ph of the recovery pool in the step (6) is 8-9. The inventor finds that the reaction effect is better when the Ph of the recovery tank is controlled to be 8-9 through a plurality of tests.
Further, the flocculating agent added in the step (7) is a flocculating agent PAM.
Further, in the step (2), the Ph of the reaction cell is detected while adding sulfuric acid to the reaction cell.
Further, in the step (2), when the Ph of the reaction tank is 4-5, the addition of the sulfuric acid is stopped. Through a plurality of tests, the inventor finds that when the Ph of the reaction tank is 4-5, the treatment effect on the chromium-containing wastewater is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gas supply apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the ring gear coupled to the nut;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the gas supply device of the third embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a motor 1, a first gear 2, a gear ring 3, a second gear 4, blades 5, an air outlet pipe 6, an air outlet cylinder 7, a connecting sheet 8, a nut 9 and a connecting rod 10.
Example one
A treatment process of chromium-containing wastewater comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting: collecting the chromium-containing wastewater into a reaction tank;
(2) acidifying: adding sulfuric acid into the reaction tank; detecting the Ph of the reaction tank while adding, and stopping adding when the Ph of the reaction tank is 4-5;
(3) sulfur burning: burning sulfur in a sulfur furnace to produce sulfur dioxide;
(4) absorption: introducing the sulfur dioxide generated in the step (3) into a reaction tower, and pumping the chromium-containing wastewater in the reaction tank in the step (2) into the reaction tower to react the sulfur dioxide with the chromium-containing wastewater;
(5) and (3) recovering: recycling the chromium-containing wastewater reacted in the step (4) into a recovery tank;
(6) neutralizing: adding an alkaline solution into the recovery tank until the Ph is 8-9; in particular to a sodium hydroxide solution;
(7) and (3) precipitation: adding a flocculating agent into the recovery tank to enable the recovery tank to generate a precipitate, wherein the flocculating agent is PAM (polyacrylamide);
(8) performing filter pressing; and (5) carrying out filter pressing on the precipitate generated in the step (5) to obtain chromium-containing waste.
In the scheme, sulfur dioxide is used for reducing Cr6+Neutralizing with alkali solution to form Cr (OH)3Precipitation, the reaction formula is:
Na2Cr2O7+3SO2+H2SO4→Cr2(SO4)3+Na2SO4+H2O
Cr2(SO4)3+6NaOH→2Cr(OH)3↓+3Na2SO4
in the scheme, the chromium-containing wastewater is firstly acidified, and then hexavalent chromium in the reaction tank can be fully reacted only by adding sulfur dioxide. The excess SO2 fraction is present in solution in the form of sulfurous acid, which reacts with the lye during neutralization to form sodium sulfite, the reaction formula being: h2SO3+2NaOH → Na2SO3+H2O。
In this embodiment, the sulfur dioxide that lets in is gaseous, and unnecessary sulfur dioxide can directly discharge to the absorption tower in, can not have the extravagant condition, can not add new metal ion in the reaction tank moreover, can not increase new separation step. In addition, sulfur dioxide is generated by burning sulfur, so that the separation steps are reduced, and compared with the prior art, the method is low in cost. Finally, the obtained chromium-containing waste residue is treated, and the treatment process belongs to the prior art and is not described herein again.
In the step (2), the Ph of the reaction tank is detected while adding sulfuric acid into the reaction tank, and a Ph detector with the model of JZ-PH200 is specifically adopted.
Example two
This example differs from example one in that the sulfur dioxide discharged from the reaction tower is discharged to an absorption cell for recovery treatment in step (4). And redundant sulfur dioxide is introduced into the reaction tank and the absorption tank to react and recover the sulfur dioxide, so that the sulfur dioxide is prevented from being discharged into the air to pollute the environment. The absorption tank is filled with sodium hydroxide solution. And the sodium hydroxide solution is adopted to neutralize redundant sulfur dioxide, so that the sulfur dioxide is better absorbed, and the cost of the sodium hydroxide is lower.
The absorption effect of the sulfur dioxide by adopting a plurality of recovery pools is better. And a Ph detector for detecting a Ph value is arranged in each absorption cell. The sodium hydroxide solution is alkaline, and the sulfur dioxide is introduced into the sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize the alkalinity of the sodium hydroxide. When the Ph detector detects that the reaction tank is neutral, the sodium hydroxide in the reaction tank is completely reacted, and sulfur dioxide can be transferred to other reaction tanks.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an air supply structure is further provided in the absorption cell. The gas supply structure comprises a gas supply pipe, a gas outlet cylinder 7 and a gas outlet pipe 6, wherein the gas supply pipe is communicated with the gas outlet pipe 6. The air outlet cylinder 7 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of air outlets. The outside of the air outlet pipe 6 is provided with threads, the upper end and the lower end of the air outlet cylinder 7 are sealed, the air outlet pipe 6 penetrates through the lower end of the air outlet cylinder 7, the air outlet end of the air outlet pipe 6 is positioned in the air outlet cylinder 7, and the air outlet pipe 6 is fixedly connected with the air outlet cylinder 7. Be equipped with motor 1 in the absorption tank, 1 output shaft of motor has first gear 2, the meshing of first gear 2 has ring gear 3, and ring gear 3 rotates with the absorption tank and is connected. The embodiment also comprises a threaded part, specifically a nut 9, and the nut 9 is rotatably connected with the absorption tank. The thread is matched with the external thread of the air outlet pipe 6. The nut 9 is located inside the ring gear 3 and is connected with the inner wall of the ring gear 3 by a connecting rod 10. A plurality of second gears 4 are also arranged in the absorption tank, the second gears 4 are meshed with the gear ring 3, and the second gears 4 are coaxially connected with blades 5. The motor 1 is a forward and reverse rotating motor 1.
The sulfur dioxide flows into the air outlet pipe 6 through the air supply pipe and flows into the air outlet cylinder 7 from the air outlet pipe 6. Because 7 circumferences of gas outlet cylinder are equipped with a plurality of gas outlets, sulfur dioxide can be finally followed the gas outlet and flowed out in the absorption cell and react with sodium hydroxide solution. In the absorption process, the motor 1 is started, the motor 1 rotates and drives the first gear 2 to rotate, and the first gear 2 is meshed with the gear ring 3, so that the gear ring 3 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first gear 2, and the nut 9 is driven to rotate. Because nut 9 and 6 screw-thread fit of outlet duct, so nut 9 rotates and can drive outlet duct 6 and go up to remove, and then drives play gas cylinder 7 rebound, makes from the more abundant that the sulfur dioxide of gas outlet outflow and sodium hydroxide mix, and the reaction is more abundant. The motor 1 rotates forward and backward, namely the air outlet cylinder 7 reciprocates up and down, so that the sulfur dioxide and the sodium hydroxide are mixed more fully. The gear ring 3 is meshed with the second gear 4, the gear ring 3 rotates to drive the second gear ring 3 to rotate, namely, the blades 5 are stirred, so that the reaction is more sufficient.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the present embodiment further includes a plurality of connecting pieces 8, the connecting pieces 8 are connected to the lower end of the gear ring 3, and the upper end of the air outlet pipe 6 is rotatably connected to the air outlet cylinder 7. A plurality of sliding grooves are formed in the circumferential direction of the air outlet cylinder 7, and the connecting sheet 8 is clamped into the sliding grooves and is in sliding fit with the sliding grooves.
When the gear ring 3 rotates, the gear ring 3 drives the air outlet cylinder 7 to rotate through the connecting sheet 8, namely the air outlet cylinder 7 reciprocates simultaneously, so that sulfur dioxide and sodium hydroxide are mixed more fully.
When the gear ring rotates, the gear ring drives the air outlet cylinder to rotate through the connecting sheet, namely the air outlet cylinder reciprocates while rotating in a reciprocating manner, so that sulfur dioxide and sodium hydroxide are mixed more fully.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A treatment process of chromium-containing wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting: collecting the chromium-containing wastewater into a reaction tank;
(2) acidifying: adding sulfuric acid into the reaction tank;
(3) sulfur burning: burning sulfur in a sulfur furnace to produce sulfur dioxide;
(4) absorption: introducing the sulfur dioxide generated in the step (3) into a reaction tower, and pumping the chromium-containing wastewater in the reaction tank in the step (2) into the reaction tower to react the sulfur dioxide with the chromium-containing wastewater;
(5) and (3) recovering: recycling the chromium-containing wastewater reacted in the step (4) into a recovery tank;
(6) neutralizing: adding an alkaline solution into a recovery tank;
(7) and (3) precipitation: adding a flocculating agent into the recovery tank to generate a precipitate in the recovery tank;
(8) performing filter pressing; and (4) carrying out filter pressing on the precipitate generated in the step (7) to obtain chromium-containing waste.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps: in the step (4), the sulfur dioxide discharged from the reaction tower is discharged into an absorption pool for recovery treatment.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps: and a sodium hydroxide solution is filled in the absorption tank.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps: the number of the absorption tanks is multiple.
5. The process of claim 4, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps: and a Ph detector for detecting a Ph value is arranged in each absorption cell.
6. The process of claim 5, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps: and (4) in the step (6), the alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide.
7. The process of claim 6, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps: and (4) Ph of the recovery tank in the step (6) is 8-9.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps: and (4) adding a flocculating agent PAM in the step (7).
9. The process of claim 8, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the Ph of the reaction tank is detected while adding sulfuric acid into the reaction tank.
10. The process of claim 9, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps: and (3) stopping adding the sulfuric acid when the Ph of the reaction tank is 4-5 in the step (2).
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| CN201911055371.9A CN110642430A (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Treatment process of chromium-containing wastewater |
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Application publication date: 20200103 |