CN110641256A - Vehicle-mounted air purification system and vehicle-mounted air purification method - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted air purification system and vehicle-mounted air purification method Download PDF

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CN110641256A
CN110641256A CN201910896579.7A CN201910896579A CN110641256A CN 110641256 A CN110641256 A CN 110641256A CN 201910896579 A CN201910896579 A CN 201910896579A CN 110641256 A CN110641256 A CN 110641256A
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electrostatic dust
dust collection
vehicle
cleaning
air
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CN110641256B (en
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宋昌盛
林昶宏
张建民
罗国辉
王万江
丁佳婕
钟诚
丁浩然
冯骏
吴小平
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
Zhejiang University of Science and Technology ZUST
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00Other air-treating devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/015Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A61L9/18Radiation
    • A61L9/20Ultraviolet radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/16Plant or installations having external electricity supply wet type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06Filtering
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • B60R16/0231Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/20Method-related aspects
    • A61L2209/21Use of chemical compounds for treating air or the like
    • A61L2209/212Use of ozone, e.g. generated by UV radiation or electrical discharge
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06Filtering
    • B60H2003/0683Filtering the quality of the filter or the air being checked

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted air purification system and a vehicle-mounted air purification method. The control system dynamically adjusts the rotating speed and the steering of the centrifugal fan according to the concentration of the harmful gas detected by the air quality detector in real time; and controlling the electrostatic dust collection system, ionizing gas molecules to release ozone, performing secondary sterilization and ozone removal on ionized gas by the sterilization system, and cleaning the electrostatic dust collection system by the self-cleaning system. And CAN interact with car CAN, possess the on-vehicle air purifier of higher purification rate and automatically cleaning system, CAN improve shortcomings such as present on-vehicle clarifier purification rate is low, easily remain, loop filter is poor greatly.

Description

Vehicle-mounted air purification system and vehicle-mounted air purification method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air purifiers, and particularly relates to a vehicle-mounted air purification system and a vehicle-mounted air purification method.
Background
In recent years, as industries in various countries continue to advance at a high speed, air quality around the world shows a significant decline trend, and air pollution has become one of the greatest hazards affecting human health. Air pollution is from many sources, such as house decoration, new vehicles, factories, etc., and in closed spaces, the harm caused by air pollution is more serious, such as in closed narrow spaces like car cabins. In the current regulations of the world health organization, air pollution in automobile cabins has been very well defined as 10 big killers threatening human health in combination with cardiovascular diseases, HIV, etc. In a plurality of global researches, the air pollution degree in the automobile is found to be about 10 times higher than that of the air pollution degree in the indoor environment. At present, a vehicle-mounted air purifier is not arranged generally, air outside a vehicle can only be cleaned to the minimum degree by a circulating system of most vehicles and then is taken into the vehicle for recycling, however, air pollution inside the vehicle cannot be well avoided by the mode, and toxic substances in the air inside a vehicle cabin are difficult to effectively discharge out of the vehicle. These air pollutants have caused serious diseases such as respiratory tract infection, asthma, lung obstruction, lung cancer, etc. The automobile interior can be discomforted by windowing ventilation, but the windowing ventilation can also cause discomfort to people in the automobile, such as the influence of noise outside the automobile, and the windowing can cause discomfortable influence to the comfort level of the people in the automobile when the automobile is in conditions of strong wind, rain and snow, cold and hot summer and the like. In addition, some simple and easy interior clarification plant of car still sets up, but current equipment CAN not adapt to current demand well, and CAN not interact with car CAN, CAN not dynamic adjustment, and purification rate is low, easily remain, circulating filtration shortcoming such as poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides the vehicle-mounted air purification system with the dynamic adjustment, higher purification rate and the self-cleaning system, which can greatly improve the purification rate of a vehicle-mounted purifier, is not easy to remain and has better circulating filtration.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a vehicle-mounted air purification system comprises a control system, an air quality detector, a core microprocessor, a motor driving module, an electrostatic dust collection system and a self-cleaning system; the air quality detector is used for detecting volatile harmful gas in the vehicle; the core microprocessor coordinates the operation condition of the vehicle-mounted air purification system; the motor driving module controls and adjusts the operation of the fan; the electrostatic dust collection system ionizes gas molecules; the self-cleaning system is used for cleaning the electrostatic dust collection system; the control system is respectively connected with the air quality detector, the core microprocessor, the motor driving module, the electrostatic dust collection system and the self-cleaning system and controls the work of the electrostatic dust collection system and the self-cleaning system; the control system detects harmful gas signals according to the air quality detector, adjusts the motor driving module, adjusts the operation of the fan, ionizes harmful gas through the electrostatic dust collection system, and controls the self-cleaning system to clean the electrostatic dust collection system.
Furthermore, the air quality detector detects the concentration of volatile organic compounds and harmful gases in the space in the vehicle and outputs corresponding electric signals to the control system.
Furthermore, the core microprocessor receives an electric signal from the control system, communicates with a CAN bus of the automobile, and processes CAN bus data to coordinate the operation condition of the vehicle-mounted air purification system.
Further, the motor driving module controls and adjusts the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the fan.
Furthermore, the electrostatic dust collection system comprises a high-voltage power supply and an electrostatic dust collection polar plate, wherein the electrostatic dust collection polar plate is connected with the high-voltage power supply and ionizes gas molecules.
Further, the self-cleaning system comprises a high-pressure water pump, and cleaning liquid in the water tank is pumped by the high-pressure water pump to clean the electrostatic dust collection system.
Furthermore, the high-pressure nozzles of the high-pressure water pump are respectively arranged on the electrostatic dust collection polar plate, the positive plate and the metal tungsten wire discharge electrode in the electrostatic dust collection system.
Furthermore, the vibration sheet in the self-cleaning system is arranged on the surface of the metal plate on the electrostatic dust collection polar plate in the electrostatic dust collection system.
Further, the sterilizing system is connected with the control system.
An in-vehicle air purification method adopting the vehicle-mounted air purifier comprises the following steps:
the air quality detector detects the concentration of the volatile organic compound harmful gas in the space in the vehicle in real time, and outputs a corresponding electric signal to the control system according to the change of the conductivity;
the control system dynamically adjusts the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the centrifugal fan according to the electric signal of the concentration of the harmful gas;
the control system controls the electrostatic dust collection system, so that an electrostatic dust collection polar plate of the electrostatic dust collection system is connected with a high-voltage power supply to ionize gas molecules transmitted by the centrifugal fan, the gas molecules in the air flow are ionized under the action of a high-voltage electric field, ozone can be released, and the ozone sterilizes the gas;
when the electrostatic dust collecting pole plate needs to be cleaned, the control system controls the self-cleaning system, and the cleaning liquid in the water tank is pumped by the high-pressure water pump to clean the electrostatic dust collecting system.
Furthermore, the control system controls the electrostatic dust collection system, so that an electrostatic dust collection polar plate of the electrostatic dust collection system is connected with a high-voltage power supply to ionize harmful gas molecules transmitted by the fan, the harmful gas molecules in the air flow are ionized under the action of a high-voltage electric field, ozone can be released, and the method also comprises the following steps of sterilizing the gas; the sterilization system performs secondary sterilization on the ionized gas and removes redundant ozone.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the vehicle-mounted air purification system can detect the concentration of harmful gas in real time according to the air quality detector, dynamically adjust the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the fan according to the gas concentration, ionize gas molecules through the electrostatic dust collection system, release ozone, have strong oxidation performance, oxidize and damage intracellular enzymes and kill mycoplasma, thereby achieving the instant sterilization effect and finishing the primary sterilization and dust removal of the gas. Meanwhile, the ozone can oxidize and decompose organic matters and carcinogens harmful to human bodies in indoor air. And then, redundant ozone is removed through the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp of the sterilization system, and secondary sterilization is carried out, so that the gas sterilization efficiency is further improved, and the gas purification rate is improved. Compared with a mechanical filter screen type air purifier, the air filter screen in the purifier designed by the invention can be repeatedly used, the purification efficiency cannot be obviously reduced when the air filter screen is continuously used, dust is not easily generated on the surface, and secondary pollution cannot be caused; compared with a photocatalytic gas decomposition purifier, the photocatalytic gas decomposition purifier has the advantages of large clean air amount and obvious purification effect. The self-cleaning system is applied, a user does not need to detach the dust collecting device to clean the dust collecting device by himself, potential safety hazards caused by cleaning can be avoided, and the dust collecting device is convenient and fast to use. The purification system has the advantages that the amount of clean air is large, the purification effect is obvious, secondary pollution is avoided, the automation degree is high, the CAN data line of the automobile controller CAN control the core microprocessor, the CAN bus data CAN be processed to coordinate the running condition of the whole system, the CAN bus data CAN be communicated with the control system, the work of the purifier CAN be controlled, the automatic and efficient purification of the air in the automobile CAN be realized, and the air CAN be dynamically adjusted in real time according to the concentration of the air; and CAN interact with the automobile CAN, and has high purification rate, less residue and high circulating filtration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the control system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gas sensor circuit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a CAN transceiver circuit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a motor drive circuit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the electric field of the electrostatic precipitation system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the movement trace of the particles in the high-voltage electric field;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a self-cleaning system;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing absorbance of DNA at different wavelengths;
fig. 9 is a schematic of the uv lamp circuit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention relates to a vehicle-mounted air purification system, which comprises a control system, an air quality detector, a core microprocessor, a motor driving module, an electrostatic dust collection system and a self-cleaning system; the air quality detector is used for detecting volatile harmful gas in the vehicle; the core microprocessor receives an electric signal from the control system, communicates with a CAN bus of the automobile, processes CAN bus data to coordinate the running condition of the whole system, controls the core microprocessor through the CAN data line of the automobile controller, communicates with the control system and controls the work of the purifier; the motor driving module controls and adjusts the operation of the fan; the electrostatic dust collection system ionizes gas molecules; the self-cleaning system is used for cleaning the electrostatic dust collection system; the control system is connected with the air quality detector, the core microprocessor, the motor driving module, the electrostatic dust collection system and the self-cleaning system respectively and controls the work of the electrostatic dust collection system. In addition, a sterilization system may also be included. The control system detects a harmful gas signal according to air quality detection, adjusts the fan of the motor driving module to operate, ionizes harmful gas through the electrostatic dust collection system, and controls the self-cleaning system to clean the electrostatic dust collection system.
The air quality detector adopted by the invention has high sensitivity to VOCS and odorous gas, can convert the change of the conductivity into an output electric signal corresponding to the concentration of the gas by using a simple circuit, and has quick response time and stable work. The air quality detector in the implementation comprises an MQ135 air quality sensor, has extremely high sensitivity to various pollution sources such as alcohol, cigarettes, ammonia gas, sulfides, methylbenzene, hydrogen and the like, and is quick in product response time and stable in work. The circuit is shown in fig. 2. The gas-sensitive material used by the MQ135 gas sensor adopted by the invention is tin dioxide (SnO) with lower conductivity in clean air2) When the polluted gas exists in the environment where the sensor is located, the conductivity of the sensor is increased along with the increase of the concentration of the polluted gas in the air, and the change of the conductivity can be converted into an output signal corresponding to the concentration of the polluted gas by using a simple circuit.
The vehicle-mounted air purifier designed by the invention uses the CAN bus, the data communication of the CAN bus has outstanding reliability, real-time performance and flexibility, the vehicle-mounted air purifier is a multi-master bus, the communication medium CAN be a twisted pair, a coaxial cable or an optical fiber, and the transmission rate is high. Compared with the traditional air purifier, the air purifier is not influenced by weather and other radio, even if the data is frequently transmitted, the data is not easy to lose, and the requirement of high real-time performance of the data is met. Of course, data communication may also be performed using radio transmission controlled reflection.
The core microprocessor adopts STM32F103VET6, and is provided with a CAN physical bus interface without switching. The core microprocessor is communicated with the automobile CAN bus to process CAN bus data to coordinate the running condition of the whole system, the core microprocessor CAN be controlled by the CAN data line of the automobile controller to process CAN bus data to coordinate the running condition of the whole purification system, and is communicated with the control system to control the working state of the purifier, if the purifier in the automobile is required to be started, the air in the automobile is automatically and efficiently purified.
The development board of the core microprocessor integrates various peripherals, and PD0 and PD1 interfaces of the development board are respectively CAN _ RX and CAN _ TX interfaces, and CAN be connected with a CAN communication module to realize data sharing with an automobile. The CAN bus CAN realize high-reliability serial communication with higher communication speed and good anti-electromagnetic interference capability. The CAN transceiver circuit is shown in fig. 3. Compared with other bus transceivers, the circuit provided by the invention CAN be adapted to a novel CAN bus controller adopting LVTTL as logic level. The transceiver has differential transceiving capacity, and the highest speed can reach 1 Mb/s. The J16 plug is connected with the automobile CAN bus to realize data sharing with the automobile CAN bus. R59 is a resistor with a value of 120 Ω and serves as a terminal for CAN communication to prevent data from being reflected back to corrupt the data at the end of transmission. The CAN transceiver is connected with the response singlechip through two signal loops of a transmitting pin (CANTX) and a receiving pin (CANRX).
The electrostatic dust collection system comprises a high-voltage power supply and an electrostatic dust collection polar plate, wherein the electrostatic dust collection polar plate is connected with the high-voltage power supply and ionizes gas molecules.
The fan adopts a centrifugal fan to suck air in the vehicle into the electrostatic dust collection polar plate to remove PM2.5 in the air, gas molecules in the air flow are ionized under the action of a high-voltage electric field, ozone can be released, the ozone has strong oxidation performance to oxidize and destroy intracellular enzymes and kill mycoplasma, so that the instant sterilization effect is achieved, and then gas dust removal and primary sterilization are completed; meanwhile, organic matters and carcinogens harmful to human bodies in indoor air can be oxidized and decomposed by ozone, and then the redundant ozone is removed through the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp and is subjected to secondary sterilization, so that the gas sterilization efficiency is further improved, and the gas purification rate is improved. Compared with a mechanical filter screen type air purifier, the air filter screen in the purifier designed by the invention can be repeatedly used, the purification efficiency cannot be obviously reduced when the air filter screen is continuously used, dust is not easily generated on the surface, and secondary pollution cannot be caused; compared with a photocatalytic gas decomposition purifier, the photocatalytic gas decomposition purifier has the advantages of large clean air amount and obvious purification effect. And finally, the electrostatic dust collection type vehicle-mounted air purifier which is dominant in the vehicle-mounted air purifier market applies a self-cleaning system, a user does not need to detach a dust collection device for self-cleaning, and potential safety hazards caused by cleaning can be avoided.
The motor driving module adopted by the invention is an H-shaped driving circuit based on a PWM principle, is connected with the core microprocessor through pins IOPA6 and IOPA7, receives PWM signals sent by the core microprocessor and controls the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the centrifugal fan. As shown in fig. 4, the dc motor PWM drive circuit is an H-type drive circuit based on the PWM principle. The circuit adopts a transistor power amplifier 9013, so that when the input of the IOPA7 is at a low level and the input of the IOPA6 is at a high level, the transistor power amplifiers Q9 and Q12 are switched on, and Q10 and Q11 are switched off, which meets the requirement of large current at the moment of starting the motor. The Q9, Q12 form a loop together with the motor (motor connection CON 2). Thereby driving the motor to rotate forward. When the input of the IOPA7 is at a high level and the input of the IOPA6 is at a low level, the transistor power amplifiers Q9 and Q12 are turned off, Q10 and Q11 are turned on, and Q10 and Q11 form a loop with the motor to drive the motor to rotate reversely. The other four diodes can form a loop of the motor coil induced voltage through the two diodes D10 and D13 when the IOPA6 changes from low to high, and the loop plays a role in protecting the motor. The power supply circuit consists of an LED circuit, a USB power supply circuit, an alternating current power supply circuit and a filtering power supply circuit.
According to the electrostatic dust collection and sterilization system for the vehicle-mounted air purifier, air in a vehicle is sucked into the vehicle-mounted air purifier by using the centrifugal fan, an internal high-voltage electric field is formed between the discharge electrode and the electrostatic dust collection polar plate after the electrostatic dust collection system is connected with a high-voltage power supply, and when particulate matters in gas pass through the high-voltage electric field, corona discharge is generated at the positive electrode to release positive ions so as to ionize gas molecules. Under the action of coulomb force in high-voltage electric field, the particles with positive charges are separated from air and move to the electrostatic dust-collecting plate. The gas ions with positive charges collide with the particles in the movement and make the particles positively charged and also move to the electrostatic dust collecting polar plate, and the particles release the positive charges after reaching the negative electrostatic dust collecting polar plate and are deposited on the electrostatic dust collecting polar plate. Gas molecules in the airflow are ionized under the action of a high-voltage electric field to release ozone, and the ozone has strong oxidation performance to oxidize and destroy intracellular enzymes and kill mycoplasma, so that the instant sterilization effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the ozone can oxidize and decompose organic matters and carcinogens harmful to human bodies in indoor air. Then, the excess ozone is removed by irradiation with a sterilization system having an ultraviolet lamp, and secondary sterilization is performed.
As shown in fig. 5, the electrostatic dust collecting system of the present invention uses the positive electrode as the discharge electrode, the discharge positive electrode is made of tungsten wire, the electrostatic dust collecting electrode plate is made of the negative electrode, and the electrostatic dust collecting electrode plate is made of aluminum plate. When the electrostatic dust collection system is connected with a high-voltage power supply, an internal high-voltage electric field is formed between the discharge electrode and the electrostatic dust collection polar plate. When the particles in the indoor gas pass through the high-voltage electric field, the positive electrode generates corona discharge to release positive ions to ionize gas molecules. Under the action of coulomb force in high-voltage electric field, the particles with positive charges are separated from air and move to the electrostatic dust-collecting plate. The positively charged gas ions collide with the particles in motion and positively charge the particles, and also move toward the electrostatic dust collecting plate. The particles reach the negative electrostatic dust collecting plate to release positive charges and deposit on the electrostatic dust collecting plate. According to coulomb's law, the high-voltage electric field in the electrostatic dust collecting system acts on the particles
Can be expressed as coulomb force Fp
In the formula, U is high-voltage electric field direct-current voltage V; d is the distance from the particles to the discharge electrode, m; qPThe amount of charge carried by the particles, C; k is constant of electrostatic force, and is 9.0 × 109N·m2/C2. Under the action of coulomb force, the particles do uniform accelerated motion along the direction of the electric field; under the action of the centrifugal fan, the electrostatic dust collection polar plate performs uniform accelerated motion; under the action of centrifugal fan, it can make uniform linear motion along the direction of electrostatic dust-collecting polar plate, and its uniform motion length l can be calculated according to the formula
Figure BDA0002210414660000071
Wherein v is the wind speed of the centrifugal fan, m/s; t is the time for the particles to pass through the high-voltage electric field, s; and m is the amount of particulate matter in the indoor air, kg.
The gravity of the particles in the air in the electric field is negligible, and the charge amount of the particles is 1 positron, i.e. 1.60 × 10-19C. The movement trace of the particulate matter in the high voltage electric field is shown in fig. 6. From the formulae (1), (2), fig. 6, it can be seen that: the coulomb force borne by the particles is in direct proportion to the direct-current voltage of the high-voltage electric field, and the increase of the direct-current voltage can improve the coulomb force borne by the particles, so that the trapping capacity of the electrostatic dust collection system on the particles is improved; when the charge amount of the particulate matter is 1 positive electron, the coulomb force applied to the high-voltage electric field of the electrostatic precipitation system is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the particulate matter to the discharge electrode. Therefore, the gap of the high-voltage electric field is reduced, the distance from the particles to the discharge electrode is further reduced, the coulomb force applied to the particles in the high-voltage electric field can be improved, and the trapping capacity of the electrostatic dust collection system on the particles is further enhanced; the length of the particles moving along the direction of the electrostatic dust collecting polar plate is in direct proportion to the wind speed and the distance, and the particles are completely deposited on the electrostatic dust collecting polar plate by matching the parameters of the wind speed and the distance
Figure BDA0002210414660000072
L is more than or equal to 1 on the electrostatic dust collection polar plate.
The positive and negative 2 electrodes of the electrostatic dust collection system are connected with a high-voltage power supply to form a high-voltage electric field, particles are positively charged and deposited on the electrostatic dust collection polar plate when air flow passes through, and residual clean air in the air flow is discharged. Electrostatic dust collection
Figure BDA0002210414660000073
The discharge initiation driving voltage capable of depositing the particulate matter on the electrostatic dust collecting plate in the high voltage electric field inside the system can be expressed as
In the formula of UCIs the initial drive voltage, V; ε is the discharge surface roughness coefficient, V/m, ε is 1.0V/m for smooth surfaces, and the table is for the actual discharge lineThe surface is rough, and epsilon is 0.50-0.90V/m; r1Is the discharge wire radius, m; δ is the relative air density; r2Is the radius of the dust collecting pole circle pipe, m. The expression of delta is
In the formula T0Is the thermodynamic temperature of the gas in the standard state, K; p is a radical of0Is the pressure of the gas in the standard state, Pa; t is the thermodynamic temperature of the gas in an actual state, k; p is the pressure of the gas in the actual state, pa. As can be seen from the formulas (3) and (4), the relative density delta of the air is a constant value and the initial driving voltage U of the discharge anode of the electrostatic dust collection system is constant under the room temperature and normal pressure conditionsCRadius of metal tungsten wire R1Surface roughness coefficient epsilon of metal tungsten wire and radius R of dust collecting polar tube2Are all in direct proportion. As can be seen from the equation (1), the larger the dc voltage U of the high-voltage electric field, the larger the coulomb force that the particulate matter receives in the electric field, and the more the particulate matter is trapped by the electrostatic dust collection system. The invention provides an electrostatic dust collection system connected by adopting double power supply voltages, namely a high-voltage electric field direct current voltage U and an initial driving voltage UCRespectively connected to the metal tungsten wire and the positive plate, and the negative electrode is connected to the electrostatic dust-collecting polar plate.
The purification system also comprises a self-cleaning system, after the electrostatic dust collection system is connected with a high-voltage power supply, the current detection circuit captures current information between the plates, and as dust deposited on the negative electrostatic integrated polar plate increases, the resistance between the plates decreases, and the loop current increases. After the loop current reaches the value set by the current detection circuit in the high-voltage power supply, the output signal reminds a user of needing automatic cleaning, after self-cleaning is confirmed, the purification and sterilization functions are closed, then the automatic cleaning function is started, the electrostatic dust collection pole plate, the positive plate and the metal tungsten wire discharge electrode in the electrostatic dust collection system are cleaned in a high-pressure spraying mode, sewage can be collected, the centrifugal fan runs at a high speed for air drying, the self-cleaning system is closed after the air drying is finished, and the purification and sterilization functions can be normally used.
After the electrostatic dust collection polar plate works for a period of time, along with the accumulation of negative electrode dust, the resistance of the electrostatic dust collection polar plate is gradually reduced, and the current passing through the electrostatic dust collection polar plate is increased; the current detection circuit captures the current passing through the polar plate, when the current exceeds a set threshold value, the high-pressure water pump motor is started, the cleaning liquid is sucked into the spray head to wash the electrostatic dust collection polar plate, and then the centrifugal fan reversely rotates to dry.
The high-frequency reciprocating vibration module mainly comprises a motor and a unbalanced shaft block vibrator. An ultra-micro vibration motor with the rotating speed of up to 47000 revolutions per minute and phi 7mm multiplied by 10mm is selected, and is matched with a 180-degree fan-shaped structure eccentric shaft block vibrator under the condition of DC3.7V/100mA, so that a driving force is provided for realizing high-frequency reciprocating vibration of the brush head.
After the electrostatic dust collection system is connected with a high-voltage power supply, the current detection circuit captures current information between the plates, and as dust deposited on the cathode integrated polar plate increases, the resistance between the plates decreases, and the loop current increases. When the loop current reaches the value set by the current detection circuit in the high-voltage power supply, a signal is output to remind a user of the need of automatic cleaning.
As shown in fig. 7, when the determination circuit for reminding of cleaning in the high voltage power supply sends out a determination signal that the electrostatic dust collection system needs cleaning, the human-computer interface pops up a prompt message that automatic cleaning needs to be started, and the user operates to turn on the cleaning and sterilization functions after confirmation, and then turns on the cleaning function. The high-pressure water pump extracts cleaning liquid from the water purifying tank and conveys the cleaning liquid to the cleaning nozzle along with a pipeline, the German integrated polar plate cleaning of the electrostatic dust collecting polar plate, the positive plate and the metal tungsten wire discharge electrode in the electrostatic dust collecting system is carried out in a high-pressure spraying mode, and meanwhile, the high-frequency reciprocating vibration module is started to enable the brush head to vibrate in a reciprocating mode at high frequency, so that the falling of micro-dust is accelerated and the micro-dust is dissolved in the cleaning; the dirty cleaning solution flows into the sewage collecting box along with the fixed frame of the electrostatic dust collecting system. After the cleaning is finished, the centrifugal fan rotates at a high speed to air-dry the dust collecting device, the self-cleaning system is closed after the air-drying is finished, and the purification and sterilization functions can be normally used.
In addition, in order to further remove impurities and sterilize, an ultraviolet sterilization system is added after the self-cleaning system is selected, wherein, as shown in FIG. 8, the peak value of the absorption rate and the sterilization rate of DNA is 99.6% when the wavelength is 254.7 nm. The invention adopts a low-voltage mercury ultraviolet lamp with the radiation wavelength of 254.7nm, can kill bacteria and viruses in the air of an automobile in a short time by a pure physical disinfection method, and is shown in a circuit diagram 9.
The method for purifying the air in the vehicle by adopting the vehicle-mounted air purifier comprises the following steps of: the air quality detector is used for detecting the concentration of volatile organic compounds and harmful gases in the space in the vehicle and outputting corresponding electric signals to the control system according to the change of the conductivity; the control system adjusts the rotating speed and the rotation direction of the centrifugal fan according to the detected electric signal of the concentration of the harmful gas; and the control system controls the electrostatic dust collection system to work, so that an electrostatic dust collection polar plate of the electrostatic dust collection system is connected with a high-voltage power supply to ionize harmful gas molecules transmitted by the centrifugal fan, the gas molecules in the airflow are ionized under the action of a high-voltage electric field, ozone can be released, intracellular enzymes are damaged by oxidation, and the mycoplasma is killed, so that the instant sterilization effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the ozone can oxidize and decompose organic matters and carcinogens harmful to human bodies in indoor air. Then, redundant ozone is removed through the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp of a sterilization system, and secondary sterilization is carried out; after the electrostatic dust collection system is connected with a high-voltage power supply, the current detection circuit captures current information between the plates, and as dust deposited on the cathode integrated polar plate increases, the resistance between the plates decreases, and the loop current increases. When the loop current reaches the value set by the current detection circuit in the high-voltage power supply, a signal is output to remind a user of the need of automatic cleaning. When the judgment circuit for reminding of cleaning in the high-voltage power supply sends out a judgment signal that the electrostatic dust collection system needs cleaning, the human-computer interaction interface pops up prompt information that automatic cleaning needs to be started, and a user confirms that the purification and sterilization functions are closed and then starts the automatic cleaning function. The high-pressure water pump extracts cleaning liquid from the water purifying tank and conveys the cleaning liquid to the spray head along with the pipeline, the electrostatic dust collecting pole plate, the positive pole plate and the metal tungsten wire discharge electrode in the electrostatic dust collecting system are cleaned in a high-pressure spraying mode, and meanwhile, the high-frequency reciprocating vibration module is started to accelerate the falling of micro-dust and dissolve the micro-dust into the cleaning liquid. After the cleaning is finished, the centrifugal fan rotates at a high speed to air-dry the dust collecting device, the self-cleaning system is closed after the air-drying is finished, and the purification and sterilization functions can be normally used.
The vehicle-mounted air purifier has high automation degree, can detect the concentration of harmful gas in real time according to the air quality detector, dynamically adjusts the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the centrifugal fan according to the gas concentration, adopts the electrostatic dust collection system to ionize harmful gas molecules, releases ozone, oxidizes and destroys intracellular enzymes, and kills mycoplasma, thereby achieving the instant sterilization effect. Meanwhile, the ozone can oxidize and decompose organic matters and carcinogens harmful to human bodies in indoor air. Then, the redundant ozone is removed through the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp of the sterilization system, and secondary sterilization is carried out. Compared with a mechanical filter screen type air purifier, the air filter screen in the purifier designed by the invention can be repeatedly used, the purification efficiency cannot be obviously reduced when the air filter screen is continuously used, dust is not easily generated on the surface, and secondary pollution cannot be caused; compared with a photocatalytic gas decomposition purifier, the photocatalytic gas decomposition purifier has the advantages of large clean air amount and obvious purification effect. The self-cleaning system is applied, a user does not need to detach the dust collecting device to clean the dust collecting device by himself, potential safety hazards caused by cleaning can be avoided, and the dust collecting device is convenient and fast to use. The purifier has the advantages of large amount of clean air, obvious purification effect, no secondary pollution, high automation degree, automatic and efficient purification of air in the vehicle, and dynamic and real-time adjustment according to the gas concentration; and CAN interact with the automobile CAN, and has high purification rate, less residue and high circulating filtration.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present teachings, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the present teachings, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.

Claims (10)

1. A vehicle-mounted air purification system is characterized by comprising a control system, an air quality detector, a core microprocessor, a motor driving module, an electrostatic dust collection system and a self-cleaning system, wherein the air quality detector is used for detecting volatile harmful gas in a vehicle space; the core microprocessor is used for coordinating the operation condition of the vehicle-mounted air purification system; the motor driving module controls and adjusts the operation of the fan; the electrostatic dust collection system ionizes gas molecules; the self-cleaning system is used for cleaning the electrostatic dust collection system; the control system is respectively connected with the air quality detector, the core microprocessor, the motor driving module, the electrostatic dust collection system and the self-cleaning system and controls the work of the electrostatic dust collection system and the self-cleaning system; the control system is used for adjusting the operation of a fan of the motor driving module according to the detection of a harmful gas signal by the air quality detector, ionizing harmful gas by the electrostatic dust collection system, and controlling the self-cleaning system to clean the electrostatic dust collection system.
2. The on-board purifier system of claim 1, wherein: the air quality detector detects the concentration of volatile organic compounds and harmful gases in the space in the vehicle and outputs corresponding electric signals to the control system.
3. The on-board purifier system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and the core microprocessor receives the electric signal from the control system, communicates with the automobile CAN bus, and processes CAN bus data to coordinate the running condition of the vehicle-mounted air purification system.
4. The on-board purifier system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and the motor driving module controls and adjusts the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the fan.
5. The on-board purifier system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the electrostatic dust collection system comprises a high-voltage power supply and an electrostatic dust collection polar plate, wherein the electrostatic dust collection polar plate is connected with the high-voltage power supply and ionizes gas molecules.
6. The on-board purifier system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the self-cleaning system comprises a high-pressure water pump, and the high-pressure water pump is used for pumping cleaning liquid in the water tank to clean the electrostatic dust collection system; the high-pressure water pump comprises a plurality of high-pressure nozzles, and the high-pressure nozzles are respectively arranged on an electrostatic dust collection polar plate, a positive plate and a metal tungsten wire discharge electrode in the electrostatic dust collection system.
7. The on-board purifier system of claim 6, wherein: the vibration sheet in the self-cleaning system is arranged on the metal plate surface on the electrostatic dust collection polar plate in the electrostatic dust collection system.
8. The on-board purifier system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the sterilization system is connected with the control system.
9. An in-vehicle air cleaning method using the in-vehicle air cleaning system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
the air quality detector detects the concentration of volatile harmful gas in the space in the vehicle in real time and outputs corresponding signals to the control system;
the control system dynamically adjusts the rotating speed and the steering of the fan according to an electric signal for monitoring the concentration of the harmful gas;
the control system controls the electrostatic dust collection system, so that an electrostatic dust collection polar plate of the electrostatic dust collection system is connected with a high-voltage power supply to ionize harmful gas molecules transmitted by the fan, and the harmful gas molecules in the airflow are ionized under the action of a high-voltage electric field, so that ozone can be released to sterilize the gas;
when the electrostatic dust collecting pole plate needs to be cleaned, the control system controls the self-cleaning system, and the cleaning liquid in the water tank is pumped by the high-pressure water pump to clean the electrostatic dust collecting system.
10. The method for purifying air in a vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the control system controls the electrostatic dust collection system, so that an electrostatic dust collection pole plate of the electrostatic dust collection system is connected with a high voltage power supply to ionize harmful gas molecules transmitted by the fan, the harmful gas molecules in the air flow are ionized under the action of a high voltage electric field, ozone can be released, and the method further comprises the following steps of; the sterilization system performs secondary sterilization on the ionized gas and removes redundant ozone.
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