CN110641047A - Production system for preparing thermoplastic prepreg by mud method - Google Patents
Production system for preparing thermoplastic prepreg by mud method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110641047A CN110641047A CN201910920748.6A CN201910920748A CN110641047A CN 110641047 A CN110641047 A CN 110641047A CN 201910920748 A CN201910920748 A CN 201910920748A CN 110641047 A CN110641047 A CN 110641047A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/521—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement before the die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C70/526—Pultrusion dies, e.g. dies with moving or rotating parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C70/528—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
- B29C70/546—Measures for feeding or distributing the matrix material in the reinforcing structure
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a production system for preparing thermoplastic prepreg by a slurry method, which comprises the following steps: sizing agent remove device, steeping vat, drying device, pultrusion mould and coiling mechanism that set up along fibre advancing direction, the steeping vat is connected with thick liquids concentration control device, thick liquids concentration control device includes: the slurry outlet of the buffer barrel is connected with the slurry inlet of the glue dipping tank, and a return pipe for conveying the slurry in the glue dipping tank to the buffer barrel in a return manner is arranged between the buffer barrel and the glue dipping tank; the buffer barrel is connected with a sample detection pool through a slurry sample conveying pipeline, and a viscometer is arranged in the sample detection pool; the high-concentration slurry storage tank is connected with the buffer barrel; the slurry dispersing barrel is respectively connected with the buffer barrel and the high-concentration slurry storage tank and is used for injecting slurry with corresponding concentration into the buffer barrel and the high-concentration slurry storage tank; and the raw material tank is connected with the slurry dispersing barrel. The production system for preparing the thermoplastic prepreg by the mud method can adjust the concentration of the slurry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a prepreg production system, in particular to a production system for preparing a thermoplastic prepreg by a slurry method.
Background
Resin-based composite materials, also called fiber reinforced plastics, are composite materials which take organic high polymers as a matrix and take glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers or aramid fibers and the like as reinforcements, and are widely applied to various fields such as life and production at present. At present, the preparation of the thermoplastic prepreg is difficult, the cost is relatively high, and various thermoplastic prepreg preparation processes such as a powder method, a film method, a fiber mixing method, a solution method, a melt extrusion method, an in-situ polymerization method and the like are developed successively by domestic and foreign research units and enterprises.
At present, the scale production of the thermoplastic carbon fiber prepreg in China is in a starting stage, the equipment and the process are not mature enough, and a scale production line of the thermoplastic carbon fiber prepreg capable of running stably is not available. Mature thermoplastic products in the international market are mostly produced by TenCat and Gurit companies, and the solvents, the melting impregnation process and the powder melting impregnation process are adopted to prepare the prepreg, but the equipment price and the later maintenance cost are higher, so that the final product price is high, and the popularization of the thermoplastic carbon fiber prepreg is influenced.
The preparation of the thermoplastic prepreg by the slurry process is to uniformly soak and disperse superfine resin powder into fiber bundles by a slurry method, and to fully soak the fibers by heating the resin, so that the prepreg can be conveniently produced by high-melting-point and high-viscosity resin (such as PEEK). The technology mainly has the technical bottleneck that the concentration of the resin slurry is not controlled: when the fiber passes through the impregnation tank, a large amount of resin powder is taken away, so that the concentration of slurry in the impregnation tank becomes thinner gradually along with the prolonging of production time, the resin content of the prepreg cannot be kept constant, and the product quality and continuous industrial production are directly influenced. In addition, the production line of the mud-method thermoplastic prepreg does not have a resin melt extrusion impregnation roller, and resin melt impregnation of fibers is mainly carried out through a pultrusion die. In the prior art, the die cavity of the pultrusion die is of an equal section, the resin impregnation effect of the die is poor, and resin is easy to accumulate at the inlet of the die, so that the fiber is influenced to enter the die to cause damage and fracture.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a production system for preparing a thermoplastic prepreg by a slurry method, which can adjust the concentration of slurry.
The technical scheme is as follows: the production system for preparing the thermoplastic prepreg by the mud method comprises the following steps: sizing agent remove device, steeping vat, drying device, pultrusion mould and coiling mechanism that set up along fibre advancing direction, the steeping vat is connected with thick liquids concentration control device, thick liquids concentration control device includes:
the slurry outlet of the buffer barrel is connected with the slurry inlet of the glue dipping tank, and a return pipe for conveying the slurry in the glue dipping tank to the buffer barrel in a return manner is arranged between the buffer barrel and the glue dipping tank; the buffer barrel is connected with a sample detection pool through a slurry sample conveying pipeline, and a viscometer is arranged in the sample detection pool;
the high-concentration slurry storage tank is connected with the buffer barrel and is used for injecting high-concentration slurry into the buffer barrel;
the slurry dispersing barrel is respectively connected with the buffer barrel and the high-concentration slurry storage tank and is used for injecting slurry with corresponding concentration into the buffer barrel and the high-concentration slurry storage tank;
and the raw material tank is connected with the slurry dispersing barrel and is used for injecting raw materials into the slurry dispersing barrel.
In the production process of the thermoplastic prepreg, the fibers are subjected to sizing agent removal by a sizing agent removal device in the advancing process, then enter an impregnation tank to be impregnated with slurry, then enter a drying device to evaporate water, enter a pultrusion die to be pultruded and then are wound by a winding device, and in order to avoid the problem that the concentration of the slurry is reduced due to continuous impregnation of the slurry by the fibers, the slurry concentration adjusting device is arranged to adjust the concentration of the slurry. Preparing slurry with two concentrations in a slurry dispersing barrel: slurry a and slurry b, the concentration of a is more than the concentration of b. Concentration a: 30-60%, b concentration: 5-40%, the concentration is mass percent, slurry b is the actual slurry concentration required in the production process, the viscosity of the slurry under the concentration is measured and is conveyed into a buffer barrel, the prepared high-concentration slurry a is conveyed to a high-concentration slurry storage tank, the slurry b circulates in a gum dipping groove and the buffer barrel, the viscosity of the slurry in the buffer barrel is detected through a viscometer, once the slurry is reduced to a certain degree, the high-concentration slurry storage tank injects the high-concentration slurry into the buffer barrel, and the slurry is adjusted to be at a proper concentration.
Preferably, liquid level meters are arranged in the buffer barrels; and the buffer barrel, the slurry dispersing barrel and the high-concentration slurry storage tank are internally provided with mechanical stirrers. When the liquid level of the slurry in the buffer barrel is not enough, the slurry in the slurry dispersing barrel is supplemented to the buffer barrel, and when the liquid level of the slurry in the slurry dispersing barrel is enough, the pipeline between the slurry dispersing barrel and the buffer barrel is closed for conveying.
The circular conveying of the slurry between the buffer barrel and the gum dipping tank and the mechanical dispersion effect in the buffer barrel are realized to prevent the slurry from settling in the long-time use process. Meanwhile, the concentration of the slurry in the buffer barrel is consistent with that of the slurry in the glue dipping tank.
Preferably, the outer wall of the buffer barrel is provided with a heat-insulating jacket; and the outer wall of the impregnation tank is provided with a heat-insulating jacket. The influence of the temperature of the slurry on the viscosity is obvious, particularly the temperature change caused by seasonal changes, the heat-insulating jacket plays a role in heat insulation, the heat-insulating jacket is externally connected with a constant-temperature water tank, and the temperature is controlled to be 25 +/-3 ℃.
The slurry in the buffer barrel flows ceaselessly and is easy to shake, so the viscometer detection sample needs to be conveyed to a special container, namely a sample detection cell, and the container needs to be kept relatively static. The slurry liquid to be detected needs to slowly flow into the detection sample pool (the liquid flow rate is less than 80cc/min), and the liquid level of the sample pool is ensured to be stable.
The production system for preparing the thermoplastic prepreg by the mud method also comprises a control module. Can realize automated control, avoid artifical measuring or the error that supplyes thick liquids and lead to as far as possible, control module is like PLC control module, inputs thick liquids control viscosity and allows the viscosity fluctuation scope in PLC control module, and the bucket is joined in marriage to the buffering of incessant extraction buffering to thick liquids to sample detection pond in succession, in time monitors thick liquids viscosity change condition. When the viscosity of the slurry detected by the viscometer is lower than the lower limit value, the high-concentration slurry storage tank replenishes the slurry to the buffering glue mixing barrel, and when the viscosity of the slurry detected by the viscometer is close to the upper limit value, the replenishment of the high-concentration slurry is stopped.
Preferably, the production system for preparing the thermoplastic prepreg by the mud method further comprises a creel arranged at the upstream of the sizing agent removing device.
The pultrusion die comprises:
the upper die is provided with a first heating section, and the bottom surface of the first heating section comprises a first inclined surface and a first plane which are connected;
the lower die is provided with a second heating section, and the top surface of the second heating section comprises a second inclined surface and a second plane which are connected;
the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are oppositely arranged, a V-shaped die cavity with a V-shaped longitudinal section is formed between the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane or between planes of the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane, the first plane and the second plane are basically parallel to form a first equal-section die cavity, and a narrow opening of the V-shaped die cavity is communicated with the first equal-section die cavity.
In the pultrusion die, the fiber impregnated with resin enters from the wide opening of the V-shaped die cavity, passes through the V-shaped die cavity and enters the first constant cross-section die cavity through the narrow opening of the V-shaped die cavity. The V-shaped die cavity can reduce the contact area of the fibers and the die cavity wall, relieve the friction between the fibers and the die and avoid the damage of the fibers and the blockage of the die, and on the other hand, when the fibers impregnated by the polymer travel along the die cavity, the fibers are always subjected to the pressure from the die, and the pressure transmission is gradually compacted, so that the fiber impregnation and the elimination of gaps in the prepreg are facilitated. Preferably, the taper of the V-shaped mold cavity is 0.01-20 degrees, preferably 0.01-10 degrees, so that better impregnation and fiber damage prevention effects can be achieved.
The overall length of the mold is 250-700mm to ensure that the resin can be completely melted. Preferably, the horizontal projection lengths of the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are the same and are both 160-460mm, the ratio of the inlet gap of the mold to the length of the inclined plane is equal to the taper tangent value according to the taper size of the V-shaped mold cavity of the mold, the size of the mold length determines the size of the resin impregnation extrusion acting force and the extrusion acting time, and a better extrusion impregnation effect can be achieved; the length of the first plane is the same as that of the second plane, the first plane and the second plane are both 90-240mm, the surface of the prepreg is better shaped, and the surface of the prepreg is good in appearance and uniform in thickness.
The first equal-section die cavity can control the thickness of a prepreg finished product, and the prepreg is guaranteed to have good appearance. And a support is arranged between the first plane and the second plane. The first plane and the second plane are basically parallel to form a first equal section die cavity through support of the support, and the thickness of a prepreg finished product can be adjusted and controlled through adjusting the support height of the support.
Heating pipes are arranged in the first heating section and the second heating section. Heating by a heating pipe to heat; and conducting the fiber to a heating section to realize the heating of the fiber. The heating pipe can be heated by electric heating, the heating temperature is 200-500 ℃, and the heating pipe is uniformly distributed in the mold so as to ensure the uniformity of the temperature.
The upper die comprises a first cooling section connected with the first heating section, and the lower die comprises a second cooling section connected with the second heating section; the bottom surface of the first cooling section is provided with a third plane, the third plane is connected with the first plane and is positioned on the same horizontal plane, the top surface of the second cooling section is provided with a fourth plane, and the fourth plane is connected with the second plane and is positioned on the same horizontal plane.
The third and fourth planes are substantially parallel to form a second bisected mold cavity. For a temperature-sensitive crystalline polymer, the resin is slowly cooled to be close to a static isothermal process, large spherulites are easily generated, a product is crisp, the mechanical property is reduced, the crystallization time of the polymer is reduced by quickly cooling in a second equal-section die cavity, the crystallinity is reduced, and the impact toughness is improved.
And cooling medium channels are arranged in the first cooling section and the second cooling section. And cooling the second equal-section die cavity by the cooling medium flowing in the cooling medium runner, wherein the cooling medium runner is uniformly distributed in the first cooling section and the second cooling section. The cooling medium can be cooling water, and the temperature of the cooling water is controlled to be-20-0 ℃.
A first heat insulation plate is arranged between the first heating section and the first cooling section, and a second heat insulation plate is arranged between the second heating section and the second cooling section; the bottom surface of the first heat insulation plate and the first plane are in the same horizontal plane, and the top surface of the second heat insulation plate and the second plane are in the same horizontal plane. The heat insulation plate is used for separating the heating section from the cooling section, so that the influence precision of thermal deformation of the die caused by overlarge temperature difference is avoided, the cooling section needs to be close to the heating section, and the prepreg is convenient to cool in time. The thickness of the heat insulation plate is more than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 30 mm.
Go up the mould and can dismantle the connection between the bed die, be convenient for later maintenance clearance and clearance adjustment.
Has the advantages that:
the invention judges the content change of the slurry by detecting the viscosity of the slurry, can more intuitively obtain the use condition of the slurry, and has easier monitoring of the viscosity index. Based on the method, the production system for preparing the thermoplastic prepreg by the slurry method is simple in structure and strong in industrial operability, and ensures that the resin content of the thermoplastic prepreg by the slurry method is stable in the continuous production process.
Viscosity detection and buffer tank realize the separation, avoid mechanical stirring or thick liquids circulation to produce and rock and influence the accuracy that the viscometer detected. Through the stirring in the buffer barrel and the slurry circulation between the buffer barrel and the glue dipping tank, the slurry stabilization time is prolonged, and the influence on the fiber resin content caused by phase separation of heterogeneous substances in a short time is avoided.
And the sizing agent on the fiber is removed through a high-temperature cracking mode, so that the adhesive force of the resin and the fiber is improved.
The superfine resin powder is uniformly soaked and dispersed in the fiber bundle by a mud method, and the fiber is fully soaked by the resin through heating of a pultrusion die.
The pultrusion die is designed, the high-melting-point high-viscosity resin is sufficiently melted through the heating section in the molding process, the resin melt is uniformly impregnated with the fiber through the extrusion effect, and the void ratio of bubbles in the prepreg is reduced. Through V type die cavity, make resin and fibre slowly get into the contact mould, avoid resin to pile up the mould entry, enough slow down the fibre simultaneously and get into the mould and produce damage and fracture. Through the rapid cooling of the cooling section, the crystallinity in the production process of the crystalline resin is slowed down, and the toughness is improved. Through the supporting height who changes support piece, realize that multiple specification preimpregnation material of same pair mould production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a production system for producing thermoplastic prepregs by a slurry process according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pultrusion die for preparing a thermoplastic prepreg by a mud method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a support portion;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the mold;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the lower mold.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the following specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the production system for preparing a thermoplastic prepreg by a slurry method according to the present invention comprises: the device comprises a creel 1001 arranged along the fiber advancing direction, a sizing agent removing device 1002, a glue dipping tank 1003, a drying device 1004, a pultrusion die 1005 and a winding device 1006, wherein the glue dipping tank is connected with a slurry concentration adjusting device, and the slurry concentration adjusting device comprises a buffer barrel 1007, a high-concentration slurry storage tank 1008, a slurry dispersing barrel 1009, a raw material tank 1010 and a sample detection tank 1011. The fiber is wound on a creel, the sizing agent removing device is used for removing the sizing agent of the fiber, the sizing agent removing device is a heating device, such as an infrared heating device, the sizing agent on the fiber is cracked at high temperature, the resin is better attached to the surface of the fiber, the compatibility of the resin is improved, and the heating requirement can reach 250-500 ℃. The sizing agent removing device can be composed of an upper infrared heater and a lower infrared heater, the height of the upper infrared heater and the height of the lower infrared heater can be adjusted, the highest temperature of the upper heater and the lower heater reaches 500 ℃, fibers penetrate through the middle of the upper heater and the lower heater, and the sizing agent is fully cracked by adjusting the height and the temperature of the heaters. The dipping tank is used for dipping the pulp by the fibers. The drying device 1004 is used for drying the solvent water of the adhered slurry, and after the solvent (water) is volatilized, the attached resin is melted by heating and pultrusion at high temperature through a pultrusion die, so that the effect of melting viscosity fiber of the resin is achieved, and a certain specification is manufactured. Specifically, the drying device can be an infrared oven, the infrared oven is sequentially divided into five sections along the length, each section is provided with an upper infrared heater and a lower infrared heater, each group of heaters can independently set the temperature, and the temperature range is 0-750 ℃. The fiber is discharged from the gum dipping tank and enters an infrared oven, and then uniformly enters the 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th sections; the drying process is divided into two stages: the first stage, the infrared heating temperature is set at 110-. In the second stage, i.e. the 5 th stage of the oven, the heating temperature is set according to the melting point of the material, and the temperature is generally 20 ℃ lower than the melting point of the material, in order that the resin can start to melt and has certain viscosity, and the temperature is increased to help the resin to rapidly melt and impregnate the fibers in the pultrusion die. And finally, rolling the material subjected to pultrusion, selecting a sample suitable for a rolling mode according to the requirements of the resin type, the resin content and the mechanical property difference of the resin, and if the sample is thick, preparing the sample into a plate, and bending and rolling the flexible sample.
For the slurry concentration adjusting apparatus, the raw material tank 1010 is used to store each raw material, and the plurality of raw material tanks 1010 are connected to the slurry dispersing barrel 1009 and inject each raw material of the slurry into the slurry dispersing barrel 1009.
The slurry dispersing barrel 1009 is provided with a stirring device 1012 for stirring and dispersing the raw materials to form slurry.
The outlet at the bottom of the slurry dispersing barrel 1009 is connected with a slurry output main pipe, the slurry output main pipe is connected with two output branch pipes through a three-way pipe joint 1013, one of the output branch pipes is connected with a high-concentration slurry storage tank 1008, and when high-concentration slurry is prepared in the slurry dispersing barrel, the slurry output main pipe is used for conveying the high-concentration slurry to the high-concentration slurry storage tank 1008; and the other output branch pipe and the buffer tank 1007 is used for conveying low-concentration slurry into the buffer tank 1007 when the low-concentration slurry is prepared in the slurry dispersing tank (i.e. the slurry concentration required normally).
The bottom outlet of the high-concentration slurry storage tank 1008 is connected with the buffer barrel 1007 through an output pipe with pumps 28-e and used for injecting high-concentration slurry into the buffer barrel pump, and a mechanical stirring device 1012 is arranged in the high-concentration slurry storage tank 1008 so as to avoid slurry sedimentation.
A slurry outlet at the bottom of the buffer barrel 1007 is connected with a slurry inlet of the gumming tank 1003 through an output pipeline with a pump 28-b, a return pipe for conveying the slurry in the gumming tank to the buffer barrel in a backflow mode is arranged between the buffer barrel 1007 and the gumming tank 1003, and the return pipe is provided with a pump 28-c; the slurry circularly flows between the buffer barrel and the glue dipping tank. A mechanical stirring device 1012 is also disposed in the buffer barrel 10017. The bottom of the buffer barrel 1007 is connected with a sample detection pool 1011 through a slurry sample conveying pipeline with a pump 28-d, and a viscometer 1014 is arranged in the sample detection pool.
The outside of the dipping tank 1003 is provided with a heat-insulating jacket to avoid the influence of temperature change on viscosity measurement, and the outer wall of the buffer barrel is also preferably provided with the heat-insulating jacket. The structure of the thermal insulating jacket is not shown in detail, but those skilled in the art know how to arrange and connect the thermal insulating jackets with a constant temperature water tank to achieve the constant temperature effect, which is a conventional method. An ultrasonic vibrator is also arranged in the impregnation tank, the ultrasonic vibrator is not shown in the figure, and the fibers are further spread by ultrasonic vibration, so that the resin slurry can be conveniently impregnated into the fiber bundles.
In the production process of the thermoplastic prepreg, the fibers are subjected to sizing agent removal by a sizing agent removal device in the advancing process, then enter an impregnation tank to be impregnated with slurry, then enter a drying device to evaporate water, enter a pultrusion die to be pultruded and then are wound by a winding device, and in order to avoid the problem that the concentration of the slurry is reduced due to continuous impregnation of the slurry by the fibers, the slurry concentration adjusting device is arranged to adjust the concentration of the slurry. Preparing slurry with two concentrations in a slurry dispersing barrel: slurry a and slurry b, the concentration of a is more than the concentration of b. Concentration a: 30-60%, b concentration: 5-40% and the concentration is mass percent. High consistency slurry a is first prepared and delivered to the high consistency slurry storage tank by pump 28-a. And preparing slurry b, wherein the slurry b is the actual slurry concentration required in the production process, measuring the viscosity of the slurry at the concentration, conveying the slurry into a buffer barrel through a pump 28-a, and circulating the slurry b in a glue dipping tank and the buffer barrel. The thick liquids in the buffer tank are carried and are carried out viscosity detection in the sample detection pond, and in case descend to a certain degree, high concentration thick liquids storage tank passes through pump 28-e and pours into high concentration thick liquids into the buffer tank, adjusts thick liquids and stops to suitable concentration. The sample detection cell 1011 is also connected to an overflow pipe to return excess slurry to the buffer tank.
Further, a liquid level meter can be arranged in the buffer barrel, which is not shown in detail in the figure; when the liquid level of the slurry in the buffer barrel is not enough, the slurry in the slurry dispersing barrel is supplemented to the buffer barrel, and when the liquid level of the slurry in the slurry dispersing barrel is enough, the pipeline between the slurry dispersing barrel and the buffer barrel is closed for conveying. The various pumps and stirrers in the system can be driven by electricity or air sources, but in order to avoid signal interference of current signals on the viscometer, the air sources are preferably used for supplying power.
The embodiment also provides the structure of the pultrusion die, which comprises an upper die 1 and a lower die 2 as shown in fig. 2-5.
The upper mold 1 comprises a first heating section 3 and a first cooling section 4 connected with the first heating section 3, and the lower mold 2 comprises a second heating section 5 and a second cooling section 6 connected with the second heating section 5.
The bottom surface of the first heating section 3 comprises a first inclined surface 301 and a first plane 302 which are connected, and the top surface of the second heating section 5 comprises a second inclined surface 501 and a second plane 502 which are connected. The first inclined surface 301 and the second inclined surface 501 are arranged oppositely, a V-shaped die cavity 7 with a V-shaped longitudinal section is formed between the first inclined surface 301 and the second inclined surface 501 or between planes of the first inclined surface 301 and the second inclined surface 501, a first uniform section die cavity 8 is formed between the first plane 302 and the second plane 502 in a substantially parallel mode, and a narrow opening of the V-shaped die cavity 7 is communicated with the first uniform section die cavity 8. The taper d of the V-shaped cavity is 0.01 to 20 degrees, preferably 0.01 to 10 degrees, and in this embodiment may be 1.3 °.
And a support 9 is arranged between the first plane 302 and the second plane 502, the support can be a gasket, the gasket is fixed through a hexagon socket head cap screw, the gasket is fixed on the lower die, the first plane 302 and the second plane 502 are supported through the support, the first plane 302 and the second plane 502 are basically parallel to form a first uniform cross-section die cavity, and the gap between the upper die and the lower die can be adjusted by adjusting the support height of the support, namely the thickness of a prepreg finished product is controlled. The support may also limit the prepreg product width. The two supporting pieces are positioned at the two sides of the upper die and the lower die.
The first heating section 3 and the second heating section 5 are both provided with heating pipes 14 which are uniformly distributed, the heating sections are heated by adopting an electric heating mode, the heating temperature is 200-500 ℃, the number of the heating pipes in each heating section is not specially limited, and the number of the heating pipes is generally at least 5 according to the heating size and the heating temperature of the die.
The bottom surface of the first cooling section 4 is provided with a third plane 401, the third plane 401 is connected with the first plane 302 and is positioned at the same level, the top surface of the second cooling section 6 is provided with a fourth plane 601, and the fourth plane 601 is connected with the second plane 502 and is positioned at the same level. The third plane 401 and the fourth plane 601 are substantially parallel to form a second bisector mold cavity 10. For a temperature-sensitive crystalline polymer, the resin is slowly cooled to be close to a static isothermal process, large spherulites are easily generated, a product is crisp, the mechanical property is reduced, the crystallization time of the polymer is reduced by quickly cooling and cooling in the second equal-section die cavity 10, the crystallinity is reduced, and the impact toughness is improved. The first cooling section 4 and the second cooling section 6 are both provided with cooling medium channels 11, the cooling medium can be cooling water, and the temperature of the cooling water is controlled to be-20-0 ℃.
A first heat insulation plate 12 is arranged between the first heating section 3 and the first cooling section 4, a second heat insulation plate 13 is arranged between the second heating section 5 and the second cooling section 6, and the adjacent heating section, heat insulation plate and cooling section can be fixed in a welding or screw fixing mode. The bottom surface of the first heat insulation board 12 is connected with the first plane 302 and the third plane 401 respectively and is in the same horizontal plane, and the top surface of the second heat insulation board 13 is connected with the second plane 502 and the fourth plane 601 respectively and is in the same horizontal plane. The heat insulation plate can avoid the influence on the precision caused by the thermal deformation of the die due to the overlarge temperature difference.
Tool steel is selected as a die material of the upper die and the lower die, the tool steel needs to bear 500 ℃, the thermal deformation coefficient is small, and the hardness reaches HRC 70.
The overall length of the mold is 250-700mm to ensure that the resin can be completely melted. The horizontal projection lengths of the first inclined plane 301 and the second inclined plane 501 are the same and are both 160 and 460mm (namely the length of the V-shaped die cavity 7); the first plane 302 and the second plane 205 have the same length and are both 90-240mm (i.e. the length of the first uniform-section mold cavity 8); the third plane 401 and the fourth plane 601 have the same length, and are both 50-150mm (i.e. the length of the second bisector die cavity). Mirror polishing and chromium plating are required to be carried out in the die cavity of the whole die, and the surface precision of the die cavity is required to reach 0.001-0.05mm, specifically 0.02 mm.
The upper die and the lower die are detachably connected. When the die is used, the lower die is fixed on the support table, the supporting piece is placed between the upper die and the lower die, such as between the first plane and the second plane, and is fixed with the lower die, and the gap between the two dies is controlled by adjusting the thickness of the supporting piece. Go up mould and bed die closed back and need use the screw to fix, avoid the mould dislocation from top to bottom. The heating pipe is externally connected with a circuit to realize heating of the heating section, and the cooling medium flow passage is connected with the ice water machine through a pipeline to realize circulation flow of the cooling medium. The fiber impregnated with resin enters the die cavity from the die inlet II (the wide opening of the V-shaped die cavity), the resin passes through the V-shaped die cavity, the resin is melted by heating of the heating section, the gap between the dies is gradually reduced, the pressure transmission is gradually compacted, the resin is gradually extruded into the fiber bundle, the fiber is cooled and rapidly cooled through the die cavity with the second equal cross section, and the fiber is discharged from the die outlet I, cooled and wound.
In the die with the die cavity with the medium cross section in the prior art, the upper surface and the lower surface of the inner wall of the die cavity are of a parallel structure, and the extrusion and impregnation effects of the die on resin are not obvious, so that the prepreg resin is not uniformly impregnated.
Generally speaking, the production system can be manually operated without an additional automatic control module to realize the operation of the production system, but in consideration of production automation, a PLC control module can be better arranged, the PLC control module adopts the conventional structure and generally comprises a CPU, an input unit and an output unit, wherein the input unit is electrically connected with a liquid level meter and a viscometer, receives a liquid level signal and a viscosity signal and then feeds back the liquid level signal and the viscosity signal to the CPU, the CPU sends an instruction to the output unit, the output unit is electrically connected with each pump, valve and the like, and controls the start and the close of the corresponding pump, valve and the like according to the instruction. The control module is not an improvement point of the present invention, and a person skilled in the art can set the control module conventionally, so detailed description is omitted, and in addition, in the production system, the fiber transmission is performed through each conveying roller, which is a conventional operation in the art, and is not an improvement point, so detailed description is omitted.
Claims (10)
1. A production system for preparing thermoplastic prepreg by a slurry method is characterized by comprising the following steps: sizing agent remove device (1002), steeping vat (1003), drying device (1004), pultrusion mould (1005) and coiling mechanism (1006) that set up along fibre advancing direction, the steeping vat is connected with thick liquids concentration control device, thick liquids concentration control device includes:
the device comprises a buffer barrel (1007), wherein a slurry outlet of the buffer barrel is connected with a slurry inlet of a glue dipping tank, and a return pipe for conveying the slurry in the glue dipping tank to the buffer barrel in a return manner is arranged between the buffer barrel and the glue dipping tank; the buffer barrel is connected with a sample detection pool through a slurry sample conveying pipeline, and a viscometer is arranged in the sample detection pool;
the high-concentration slurry storage tank (1008) is connected with the buffer barrel and is used for injecting high-concentration slurry into the buffer barrel;
the slurry dispersing barrel (1009) is respectively connected with the buffer barrel and the high-concentration slurry storage tank and is used for injecting slurry with corresponding concentration into the buffer barrel and the high-concentration slurry storage tank;
and the raw material tank (1010) is connected with the slurry dispersing barrel and is used for injecting raw materials into the slurry dispersing barrel.
2. The production system for preparing the thermoplastic prepreg by the mud method according to claim 1, wherein liquid level meters are arranged in the buffer barrels; and the buffer barrel, the slurry dispersing barrel and the high-concentration slurry storage tank are internally provided with mechanical stirrers.
3. The production system for preparing the thermoplastic prepreg by the mud method according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the buffer barrel is provided with a heat-insulating jacket; and the outer wall of the impregnation tank is provided with a heat-insulating jacket.
4. The system for producing a thermoplastic prepreg according to claim 1, which further comprises a creel provided upstream of the sizing agent removing device.
5. The production system for producing a thermoplastic prepreg according to the slurry method of claim 1, wherein the pultrusion die comprises:
the upper die is provided with a first heating section (3), and the bottom surface of the first heating section comprises a first inclined surface (301) and a first plane surface (302) which are connected;
a lower die having a second heating section (5) with a top surface comprising a second slope (501) and a second flat surface (502) connected thereto;
the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are oppositely arranged, a V-shaped die cavity (7) with a V-shaped longitudinal section is formed between the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane or between planes of the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane, the first plane and the second plane are basically parallel to form a first uniform section die cavity (8), and a narrow opening of the V-shaped die cavity is communicated with the first uniform section die cavity.
6. The production system for preparing the thermoplastic prepreg by the mud method according to claim 5, wherein the taper of the V-shaped mold cavity is 0.01-20 degrees.
7. The production system for preparing the thermoplastic prepreg by the mud method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the horizontal projection lengths of the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are the same and are both 160-460 mm; the lengths of the first plane and the second plane are the same and are both 90-240 mm.
8. A production system for the preparation of thermoplastic prepregs according to the mud method of claim 5, wherein a support (9) is provided between the first and second planes.
9. A production system for producing thermoplastic prepregs according to claim 5 by a slurry process, wherein the upper mould comprises a first cooling section (4) connected to a first heating section and the lower mould comprises a second cooling section (6) connected to a second heating section; the bottom surface of the first cooling section is provided with a third plane (401), the third plane is connected with the first plane and is positioned on the same horizontal plane, the top surface of the second cooling section is provided with a fourth plane (601), and the fourth plane is connected with the second plane and is positioned on the same horizontal plane.
10. The system for producing a thermoplastic prepreg according to claim 5, wherein the upper mold and the lower mold are detachably connected to each other.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113720772A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-30 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Temperature control device suitable for quantitative measurement of viscosity of prepreg and use method |
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