CN112248486A - Basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112248486A CN112248486A CN202011081976.8A CN202011081976A CN112248486A CN 112248486 A CN112248486 A CN 112248486A CN 202011081976 A CN202011081976 A CN 202011081976A CN 112248486 A CN112248486 A CN 112248486A
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- prepreg tape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/521—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement before the die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation device of a basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape, which sequentially comprises a creel, a wire separating plate, a dipping device, a curing and forming device, a preforming mold, a traction device and a coiling device according to the preparation process of the prepreg tape; the filament separating plate is fixedly arranged between the creel and the dipping device, one end of the dipping device is connected with the filament separating plate, and the other end of the dipping device conveys fibers to the curing and forming device; the preforming mold is arranged at the rear end of the curing and forming device; the traction device is arranged at the rear end of the preforming die; and a coiling device for coiling. The preparation process of the prepreg tape is also provided, and the fiber reinforced polyethylene rod is formed by dispersing single fiber of a continuous fiber yarn shaft, impregnating the continuous fiber yarn shaft with uniformly plasticized resin, heating and curing the resin in a mold, and performing primary curing and molding; the thermoplastic resin enters the preforming die under the action of the traction device, and is subjected to secondary heating, curing and forming to form the prepreg tape, and the prepreg tape is good in permeability and uniformity of the thermoplastic resin and low in porosity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of prepreg preparation of fiber reinforced composite materials, and particularly relates to a basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The fiber reinforced composite material is widely applied due to excellent properties of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and the like. The prepreg is a composition prepared by impregnating continuous fibers or fabrics with a resin matrix under strictly controlled conditions to prepare the resin matrix and a reinforcement, is an intermediate material for manufacturing a composite material, can ensure the accurate control of the proportion of resin and the reinforcement fibers, improves the product quality and the production efficiency, and is divided into thermosetting resin prepregs and thermoplastic resin prepregs according to the difference of the resin matrix.
In general, the thermosetting prepreg has short storage life, requires low-temperature refrigeration, and is easy to deteriorate and harden in advance; compared with a thermosetting prepreg tape, the thermoplastic prepreg tape has the advantages of long transportation and storage period, continuous and efficient preparation, high impact toughness, recyclability and the like, but due to the high viscosity of the thermoplastic resin, the permeability, the uniformity of resin distribution and the porosity of the prepreg tape of a prepreg such as a common prepreg tape directly determine the molding difficulty and the mechanical property of the product. Research shows that the interlaminar shear performance of the composite material is reduced by 5-15% when the porosity is 1%. At present, in the existing prepreg tape manufacturing process, the permeability, the resin distribution uniformity and the low porosity of the prepreg tape are difficult to ensure, so the improvement of the impregnation process is the key for improving the performance of the thermoplastic prepreg tape.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem of how to improve the performance of a thermoplastic prepreg tape by an impregnation process, obtain the permeability and uniformity of thermoplastic resin and simultaneously obtain a high-quality prepreg tape with low porosity, the invention provides a preparation device of a basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape, which sequentially comprises a creel, a wire dividing plate, an impregnation device, a curing and forming device, a preforming mold, a traction device and a coiling device according to the preparation process of the prepreg tape;
the creel is arranged at one end of the preparation device, and a plurality of groups of continuous fiber yarn shafts are fixedly arranged through a bracket;
the filament separating plate is fixedly arranged between the creel and the gum dipping device and is used for dispersing single-bundle fibers of a continuous fiber yarn shaft on the creel;
one end of the gumming device is connected with the single-bundle fibers dispersed by the filament separating plate, and the other end of the gummed fibers is conveyed to the curing and forming device;
the curing and forming device is used for carrying out primary curing treatment on the fibers after gum dipping;
the preforming mold is arranged at the rear end of the curing and forming device and is used for carrying out secondary curing treatment on the fibers processed by the curing and forming device;
the traction device is arranged at the rear end of the preforming mold and is used for guiding and drawing the continuous fibers from the impregnation device to the preforming mold until the continuous fibers are coiled to the coiling device; the coiling device is used for carrying out coiling processing.
As an improvement, the device also comprises a double-screw extruder which is fixedly arranged on one side of the impregnation device.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation process for preparing the basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape by using the device, which comprises the following production steps:
(a) the continuous fiber yarn shaft is placed on a fiber yarn rack, and single-bundle fiber dispersion is carried out through a yarn dividing plate;
(b) the thermoplastic polyethylene is subjected to uniform plasticizing treatment by a double-screw extruder, wherein the feeding speed is 500-;
(c) the continuous fiber bundle enters a dipping device through a traction device, is fully dipped with resin and then is heated, cured and molded to form a fiber reinforced polyethylene rod, wherein the traction force is 10-50 kN, and the traction speed is 0.5-0.8 m/min;
(d) the fiber reinforced polyethylene rod enters a preforming die to be heated, cured and formed for the second time, and a basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape is formed;
(e) and the prepreg tape directly enters a coiling device through a traction device to be coiled and coiled.
As a modification, the continuous fibers in the step (a) are continuous basalt fibers, and the fiber diameter is 4-13 μm.
As a modification, in the step (c), the curing temperature is set to 150-; the volume fraction of the resin adopted during curing molding is 40-60%, and the volume fraction of the fiber is 40-60%.
In the step (d), the second heating, curing and forming is carried out at the temperature of 180-220 ℃, wherein the thickness of the preforming mold is 0.01-2mm, and the width is 10-1500 mm.
As a refinement, the porosity of the prepreg tape obtained in step (e) is less than 0.8%.
As an improvement, the basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape has the thickness of 0.01-2mm, the width of 10-1500mm, the tensile strength of 1200-1800MPa and the elastic modulus of 45-60 Gpa.
Has the advantages that: the basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape provided by the invention adopts a production process based on secondary forming of the basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape, and specifically, a continuous fiber yarn shaft is subjected to single-bundle fiber dispersion through a filament dividing plate, is fully impregnated with uniformly plasticized resin in a double-screw extruder, is heated and cured in a mold, and is subjected to primary curing forming to form a fiber reinforced polyethylene rod; under the action of a traction device, the fiber reinforced polyethylene rod enters a preforming die to be heated, cured and formed for the second time, and the basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape is coiled.
After the continuous basalt fibers pass through the filament separating plate, parallel fiber bundles are formed, the fiber bundles have larger specific surface area, the full impregnation with thermoplastic resin is facilitated, and the uniformity of resin distribution on the prepreg tape is ensured.
Thermoplastic polyethylene is added through a material hopper of the double-screw extruder, and after the mixture is subjected to strong shearing, stirring and calendaring effects between the two screws, the resin tends to be uniform and consistent, so that bubbles in the resin can be reduced conveniently, and the porosity is reduced. And carrying out secondary heating and curing on the fiber reinforced polyethylene rod in the die to form the thermoplastic prepreg tape, and adopting secondary curing molding to ensure that the resin is fully cured and improve the quality of the prepreg tape.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The figures of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.
According to the preparation device of the Wuyan fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape, a plurality of continuous fiber yarn shafts, preferably 2-100, are fixed on a creel, the specification of the continuous fibers is preferably 450-750tex, the fiber diameter is 4-13 mu m, single fiber bundle dispersion is carried out through a fiber dividing plate, then the single fiber bundle dispersion and resin uniformly plasticized in a double-screw extruder are fully impregnated in a dipping device, and a heating and curing mold is arranged, wherein the preferable width of the curing mold is 10-1500mm, the thickness of the curing mold is 0.01-2mm, and primary curing molding is carried out to form a fiber reinforced polyethylene rod; and then, under the action of a traction device, feeding the formed fiber reinforced polyethylene rod into a preforming mold for second heating, curing and forming to form a basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape, and then coiling, rolling and packaging the basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape by a coiling device.
Example 1
A preparation process of a basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape which is continuously needed comprises the following steps:
(1) 20 continuous basalt fiber yarn shafts are placed on a fiber creel, and are drawn into a filament separating plate to disperse single-bundle fibers, wherein the specification of the fibers is 600tex, and the diameter of the fibers is 4-6 mu m.
(2) Weighing thermoplastic polyethylene particles, pouring the thermoplastic polyethylene particles into a feeding port of a double-screw extruder, wherein the temperature of the feeding end of a charging barrel of the screw extruder is 150 ℃, the temperature of the middle section of the charging barrel of the screw extruder is 160 ℃, the temperature of the discharging section is 180 ℃ after uniform plasticization, and the discharging speed is 500 g/min.
(3) And (2) allowing the continuous fiber bundle to enter a dipping device through a traction device, wherein the traction force is 10kN, the traction speed is 0.8m/min, the continuous fiber bundle and the resin are fully dipped to form a plurality of polyethylene filaments which are arranged in parallel, and heating, curing and forming are carried out, wherein the curing temperature is 150 ℃, so that the fiber reinforced polyethylene rod is formed.
(4) And (3) leading a plurality of fiber reinforced polyethylene rods to enter a preforming die under the traction of a traction machine, carrying out second heating, curing and forming at the curing temperature of 220 ℃ to form the basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape, wherein the width of the die is 50mm, and the thickness of the die is 1 mm.
(5) The prepreg tape enters the coiling device through a traction device.
Tests show that the basalt fiber thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape prepared by the invention has the fiber volume content of 60%, the polyethylene volume content of 40%, the thickness of 1mm, the width of 50mm, the porosity of 0.5%, the tensile strength of 1200Mpa and the elastic modulus of 52 GPa.
Example 2
A preparation process of a basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape which is continuously needed comprises the following steps:
(1) 50 continuous basalt fiber yarn shafts are placed on a fiber creel, and are drawn into a filament separating plate to disperse single-bundle fibers, wherein the specification of the fibers is 450tex, and the diameter of the fibers is 6-10 mu m.
(2) Weighing thermoplastic polyethylene particles, pouring the thermoplastic polyethylene particles into a feeding port of a double-screw extruder, wherein the temperature of the feeding end of a charging barrel of the screw extruder is 120 ℃, the temperature of the middle section of the charging barrel of the screw extruder is 150 ℃, the temperature of the discharging section is 170 ℃ after uniform plasticization, and the discharging speed is 800 g/min.
(3) And (2) allowing the continuous fiber bundle to enter a dipping device through a traction device, wherein the traction force is 35kN, the traction speed is 0.65m/min, the continuous fiber bundle and the resin are fully dipped to form a plurality of polyethylene filaments which are arranged in parallel, and heating, curing and forming are carried out, wherein the curing temperature is 165 ℃, so that the fiber reinforced polyethylene rod is formed.
(4) And (3) leading a plurality of fiber reinforced polyethylene rods to enter a preforming die with the width of 350mm and the thickness of 0.8mm under the traction of a traction machine, and carrying out secondary heating, curing and forming at the curing temperature of 200 ℃ to form the basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape.
(5) The prepreg tape enters the coiling device through a traction device.
Tests show that the basalt fiber thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape prepared by the invention has the fiber volume content of 55%, the polyethylene volume content of 45%, the thickness of 0.8mm, the width of 350mm, the porosity of 0.45%, the tensile strength of 1180Mpa and the elastic modulus of 50 GPa.
Example 3
A preparation process of a basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape which is continuously needed comprises the following steps:
(1) 70 continuous basalt fiber yarn shafts are placed on a fiber creel, and are drawn into a filament separating plate to disperse single-bundle fibers, wherein the specification of the fibers is 750tex, and the diameter of the fibers is 7-13 mu m.
(2) Weighing thermoplastic polyethylene particles, pouring the thermoplastic polyethylene particles into a feeding port of a double-screw extruder, wherein the temperature of the feeding end of a charging barrel of the screw extruder is 135 ℃, the temperature of the middle section of the charging barrel of the screw extruder is 170 ℃, the temperature of the discharging section is 175 ℃ after uniform plasticization, and the discharging speed is 100 g/min.
(3) And (2) allowing the continuous fiber bundle to enter a dipping device through a traction device, wherein the traction force is 50kN, the traction speed is 0.5m/min, the continuous fiber bundle and the resin are fully dipped to form a plurality of polyethylene filaments which are arranged in parallel, and heating, curing and forming are carried out, wherein the curing temperature is 180 ℃, so that the fiber reinforced polyethylene rod is formed.
(4) And (3) leading a plurality of fiber reinforced polyethylene rods to enter a preforming die under the traction of a traction machine, carrying out secondary heating curing molding on the fiber reinforced polyethylene rods with the width of 850mm and the thickness of 2mm, and curing at the temperature of 180 ℃ to form the basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape.
(5) The prepreg tape enters the coiling device through a traction device.
Tests show that the basalt fiber thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape prepared by the invention has the fiber volume content of 40%, the polyethylene volume content of 60%, the thickness of 2mm, the width of 850mm, the porosity of 0.65%, the tensile strength of 1250Mpa and the elastic modulus of 53 GPa.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation facilities of basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene preimpregnation tape which characterized in that: the device sequentially comprises a creel, a wire separating plate, a gum dipping device, a curing and forming device, a preforming mold, a traction device and a coiling device according to the preparation process of the prepreg tape;
the creel is arranged at one end of the preparation device, and a plurality of groups of continuous fiber yarn shafts are fixedly arranged through a bracket;
the filament separating plate is fixedly arranged between the creel and the gum dipping device and is used for dispersing single-bundle fibers of a continuous fiber yarn shaft on the creel;
one end of the gumming device is connected with the single-bundle fibers dispersed by the filament separating plate, and the other end of the gummed fibers is conveyed to the curing and forming device;
the curing and forming device is used for carrying out primary curing treatment on the fibers after gum dipping;
the preforming mold is arranged at the rear end of the curing and forming device and is used for carrying out secondary curing treatment on the fibers processed by the curing and forming device;
the traction device is arranged at the rear end of the preforming mold and is used for guiding and drawing the continuous fibers from the impregnation device to the preforming mold until the continuous fibers are coiled to the coiling device; the coiling device is used for carrying out coiling processing.
2. The apparatus for preparing a basalt fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape according to claim 1, wherein: the double-screw extruder is fixedly arranged on one side of the gum dipping device.
3. A preparation process of a basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape is characterized by comprising the following steps: production is carried out using the production apparatus of claim 1 or 2, comprising the following production steps:
(a) the continuous fiber yarn shaft is placed on a fiber yarn rack, and single-bundle fiber dispersion is carried out through a yarn dividing plate;
(b) the thermoplastic polyethylene is subjected to uniform plasticizing treatment by a double-screw extruder, wherein the feeding speed is 500-;
(c) the continuous fiber bundle enters a dipping device through a traction device, is fully dipped with resin and then is heated, cured and molded to form a fiber reinforced polyethylene rod, wherein the traction force is 10-50 kN, and the traction speed is 0.5-0.8 m/min;
(d) the fiber reinforced polyethylene rod enters a preforming die to be heated, cured and formed for the second time, and a basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape is formed;
(e) and the prepreg tape directly enters a coiling device through a traction device to be coiled and coiled.
4. The process for preparing a basalt fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape according to claim 3, wherein: the continuous fiber in the step (a) is continuous basalt fiber, and the diameter of the fiber is 4-13 mu m.
5. The process for preparing a basalt fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (c), the curing temperature is set to be 150-180 ℃; the volume fraction of the resin adopted during curing molding is 40-60%, and the volume fraction of the fiber is 40-60%.
6. The process for preparing a basalt fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (d), the second heating, curing and molding is carried out at the temperature of 180-.
7. The process for preparing a basalt fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape according to claim 3, wherein: the porosity of the prepreg tape obtained in step (e) is less than 0.8%.
8. The process for preparing a basalt fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape according to claim 3, wherein: the basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape has the thickness of 0.01-2mm, the width of 10-1500mm, the tensile strength of 1200-1800MPa and the elastic modulus of 45-60 Gpa.
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| CN202011081976.8A CN112248486A (en) | 2020-10-12 | 2020-10-12 | Basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape and preparation process thereof |
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| CN202011081976.8A CN112248486A (en) | 2020-10-12 | 2020-10-12 | Basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyethylene prepreg tape and preparation process thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113059874A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-07-02 | 北京协同创新研究院 | Thermoplastic super-hybrid composite laminated board and preparation method thereof |
| CN114102906A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-03-01 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | Forming system and method for fiber bundle with micropores |
| CN114714539A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-08 | 泰州高得复合材料有限公司 | Continuous production device and application thereof, and method for continuously producing fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material |
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| CN113059874A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-07-02 | 北京协同创新研究院 | Thermoplastic super-hybrid composite laminated board and preparation method thereof |
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