CN110638860A - Scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110638860A CN110638860A CN201910828471.4A CN201910828471A CN110638860A CN 110638860 A CN110638860 A CN 110638860A CN 201910828471 A CN201910828471 A CN 201910828471A CN 110638860 A CN110638860 A CN 110638860A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
- A61K36/539—Scutellaria (skullcap)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
- A61P39/06—Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation or decoction
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- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/55—Liquid-liquid separation; Phase separation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction of non-medicinal parts of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and provides a scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract and a preparation method and application thereof in order to improve the utilization rate of scutellaria baicalensis leaves. Application of Scutellariae radix leaf extract in resisting aging is provided. The Scutellariae radix leaf extract is prepared by decocting Scutellariae radix leaf with water for several times, mixing extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure, freeze drying, separating with HPD100 macroporous adsorbent resin, eluting with water, 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol, and concentrating under reduced pressure with 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol eluate. The pharmacodynamic experiment proves that the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract can improve the learning and memory ability and the oxidative damage of aged rats and can be used for developing health-care food and medicines with the main function of resisting aging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction of non-medicinal parts of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and particularly relates to a scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract, a preparation method thereof and application of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract in anti-aging.
Background
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi of LabiataeScutellaria baicalensisGeorgi) are often prepared byThe root part is used as a medicine, has the effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and removing toxicity, stopping bleeding and the like, and the main active component flavonoid compound has the pharmacological actions of resisting bacteria, resisting virus, relieving fever, easing pain, resisting inflammation, resisting tumors, resisting oxidation and the like. The leaves, as the aerial parts of scutellaria, flourish and produce a large amount of yield.
The efficacy and the effect of the scutellaria baicalensis leaves are as follows: the antibacterial and antiviral property is one of the important functions of scutellaria leaf, and its baicalin and scutellaria polysaccharide are natural antibacterial components, and they can obviously inhibit and eliminate the gram-negative bacteria, dermatophyte and gram-positive bacteria in human body, and in addition, the scutellaria leaf also can resist virus, and can inhibit the activity of hepatitis B virus and influenza virus in human body, and can reduce their damage to human body.
The scutellaria leaf is also a traditional Chinese medicine material capable of resisting inflammation, and its baicalin and baicalein components can inhibit acute inflammation reaction in human body, and can inhibit inflammation exudation, and the scutellaria leaf also can raise permeability of capillary vessel in human body, inhibit histamine release and can obviously raise leucocyte quantity, so that it can obtain obvious anti-inflammatory action.
The scutellaria baicalensis leaves can protect the liver, improve the detoxification capability of the liver, prevent various liver diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis and the like, prevent cholecystitis, promote bile secretion, prevent cholesterol from being accumulated in the body and have good prevention effect on gallstone and biliary tract lesion.
The scutellaria baicalensis leaves have very obvious effect on the blood system of human, can improve the anticoagulation ability of the human body, can obviously improve the activity of blood platelets, can inhibit the generation of thrombin-induced protein in the human body, can keep the blood circulation of the human body normal, and can prevent arteriosclerosis and thrombosis.
However, at present, the research reports on specific functional substances in the scutellaria baicalensis leaves are less, so that the comprehensive development and utilization of the scutellaria baicalensis leaves and the economic value of the scutellaria baicalensis leaves are not comprehensively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at improving the utilization rate of scutellaria baicalensis leaves. Application of Scutellariae radix leaf extract in resisting aging is provided.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a scutellaria leaf extract is prepared through decocting scutellaria leaf in water for several times, merging the extracted liquid, vacuum concentrating, freeze drying, separating by HPD100 macroreticular resin, and vacuum concentrating the eluting liquid with 50% alcohol and 95% alcohol.
The extract of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf contains carthamin-7-OGlucuronide, baicalein, isocarthamin-7-OGlucuronide, apigenin-7-OGlucuronide, chrysin-7-OGlucuronide, 5,6,7,3',4' -pentahydroxyflavone-7-OGlucuronide, schaftoside, naringenin-7-OGlucuronide, 5,7,8,3',4' -pentahydroxyflavone-7-OGlucuronide, isoscutellarein-8-O-glucuronide.
The preparation method of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract comprises the following steps: taking the scutellaria baicalensis leaves, respectively using water with the temperature of 80-100 ℃ which is 10-15 times of the mass of the scutellaria baicalensis leaves as a solvent, decocting and refluxing for extraction for 2-3 times, each time for 1-3 hours, combining extracting solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure, freezing and drying to obtain a scutellaria baicalensis leaf crude extract, separating the scutellaria baicalensis leaf crude extract by using HPD100 macroporous adsorption resin, and respectively using water, 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol as elution solvents for reflux extraction; concentrating the 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol eluate under reduced pressure, and freeze drying to obtain Scutellariae radix leaf extract.
The reflux extraction frequency is preferably 2 times, each time is 1h, water with the mass 15 times of that of the scutellaria baicalensis leaves is added for the first time, and water with the mass 10 times of that of the scutellaria baicalensis leaves is added for the second time; the reflux temperature is 80-100 ℃.
The water, 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol were used as elution solvents, elution was performed at a flow rate of 3 BV/h, 3 BV was collected per gradient.
The application of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract in preparing anti-aging medicaments. The scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract is applied to preparing an anti-aging health product.
Pharmacological experiments prove that the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract can improve the learning and memory ability and the oxidative damage of aging rats by respectively administering the scutellaria baicalensis leaf crude extract and the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract through intragastric administration by adopting a model of the aging rats caused by D-galactose, and the drug effect is superior to that of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf crude extract. Therefore, the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract has better anti-aging effect and can be used for preparing natural anti-aging medicines and health care products. Increases the availability of the scutellaria baicalensis leaves. Has important practical significance for enlarging the scutellaria plant resources and increasing the economic value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the ion flow of the main component extraction of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract, wherein: 1 is 5,6,7,3',4' -pentahydroxyflavone-7-O-glucuronide; 2 is schaftoside; 3 is 5,7,8,3',4' -pentahydroxyflavone-7-O-glucuronide; 4 is carthamin-7-O-glucuronide; 5 is isocarthamin-7-O-glucuronide; 6 is baicalein; 7 is apigenin-7-O-glucuronide; 8 is naringenin-7-O-glucuronide; 9 is isoalpine scutellarin-8-O-glucuronide; 10 is chrysin-7-O-glucuronide.
FIG. 2 shows the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi leaf extract on the learning and memory ability of aged D-galactose rats: (
S, n =10, compared to normal control group# p < 0.05, ## p <0.01 and### p <0.001, compared with aging model group* p <0.05,** p < 0.01）；
FIG. 3 shows the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi leaf extract on the antioxidant activity of aged D-galactose rats (
S, n =10, compared to normal control group# p < 0.05, ### p <0.001, compared with aging model group* p < 0.05, *** p <0.001, comparison between groups△ p <0.05）。
Detailed Description
Example 1: the preparation method of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract comprises the following steps: 400g of scutellaria baicalensis leaves, water temperature of 89 ℃, 15 times of water by mass for the first time, decocting for 1 hour, and filtering; decocting with 10 times of water for 1 hr, filtering, mixing filtrates, concentrating, and freeze drying to obtain crude extract. Separating the crude extract with HPD100 macroporous adsorbent resin, eluting with water, 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol as eluting solvent at flow rate of 3 BV/h, and collecting 3 BV in each gradient. Concentrating the 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol eluate under reduced pressure, and freeze drying to obtain Scutellariae radix leaf extract.
Example 2: analyzing the chemical components of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract: identifying the main components of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract by adopting HSS T3 chromatographic column analysis through a UHPLC-Q active Orbitrap-MS analytical instrument. Through comparison of a reference substance and a database and combination of the prior literature reports, 10 main chemical components are identified, and the ion flow diagram for extracting the main components is shown in figure 1.
Liquid phase conditions mobile phase A (acetonitrile), B (water, 0.1% formic acid), mobile phase gradient 0 ~ 4 min, 15% ~ 20% A, 4 ~ 8 min, 20 ~ 23% A, 8 ~ 10min, 23 ~ 25% A, 10 ~ 14 min, 25 ~ 50% A, 14 ~ 18 min, 50 ~ 52% A, 18 ~ 20 min, 52 ~ 90% A, 20 ~ 22 min, 90% A, 22 ~ 22.5.5 min, 90 ~ 15% A, 22.5 ~ 25 min, 15% A, flow rate 0.30 ml/min, 2 μ L sample feed, 40 ℃ column temperature, Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 chromatography column (2.1 × 100 m, 1.8 m).
The mass spectrum conditions comprise ionization mode of ESI electrospray negative ion detection, scanning mode of Full Scan/dd-MS 2, Full MS resolution of 70000 FWHM and AGC target of 1 × 106, dd-MS2 resolution of 17500 FWHM and AGC target of 1 × 105m/z, and acquisition range of 100 ~ 1500.
The results showed that the extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi contains carthamin-7-OGlucuronide, baicalein, isocarthamin-7-OGlucuronide, apigenin-7-OGlucuronide, chrysin-7-OGlucuronide, 5,6,7,3',4' -pentahydroxyflavone-7-OGlucuronide, schaftoside, naringenin-7-OGlucuronide, 5,7,8,3',4' -pentahydroxyflavone-7-O-grapeGlucuronide and isoscutellarin-8-O-glucuronide.
Example 3: research on effect of scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract on aged rats
One, 40 SPF-grade SD male rats were purchased from Beijing Wintolite Limited and weighed (180. + -. 20) g. The humidity of an animal laboratory is 50 +/-10 percent, the room temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃, five mice are placed in each rearing cage every 12 hours of light circulation, and water and food can be freely drunk during the experiment.
Grouping and administration of experimental animals: a model of rat aging caused by D-galactose is adopted, and the experiment totally comprises 4 groups, namely a blank control group, a model group, a scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract group and a scutellaria baicalensis leaf crude extract group. Model group intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg-kg D-galactose solution for 7 weeks-1And 0.25 g/kg of the composition is administered by intragastric administration while the composition is molded-1The scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract and the scutellaria baicalensis leaf crude extract. Removing blank group, injecting 300 mg/kg into abdominal cavity -1The other groups except the physiological saline are injected with the equal volume of D-galactose solution into the abdominal cavity for 7 weeks continuously. The drug of the corresponding dose is administered to each administration group by intragastric administration, and the equal volume of distilled water is used for intragastric administration of the blank group and the model group.
Second, index measurement
Learning and memory ability: and evaluating the space learning and memory capacity of the aged rat by the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract by adopting a water maze experiment. The water maze consists of a circular water pool with the height of 60 cm and the diameter of 150 cm, and tap water with the height of 30 cm and the water temperature of 25 ℃ is filled in the water pool. The center of the pool is taken as the origin and is divided into four quadrants, and the escape platform is arranged in one quadrant and is about 1.5cm away from the water surface. Each group of rats is trained continuously for 5 days, randomly starts from different quadrants every day, each quadrant is trained for 1 time, each time lasts for 60 s, training intervals are 15 min, and the time taken for the rats to reach the escape platform is the incubation period. If the escape platform cannot be found within 60 s, the person is guided to stay on the platform for 15 s, and the latency is recorded as 60 s. After 5 days of training, the escape platform is removed, and the incubation period of the rat, the number of times of passing through the quadrant of the original escape platform and the residence time in the quadrant are recorded.
And (3) measuring an oxidation damage and oxidation resistance system: after the behavioral examination, 20% urethane (0.75 ml/100 g) was injected intraperitoneally to anesthetize the rats and the femoral artery was rapidly bled. Centrifuging the collected blood at 3500 r/min and 4 deg.C for 20 min, collecting supernatant, and determining SOD, GSH-px activity and MDA content, wherein the specific steps are performed according to kit operation instructions.
Third, experimental results
1. Influence of scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract on spatial learning and memory ability of aged rats
The invention evaluates the function of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract in improving the learning and memory ability of aged rats through a water maze experiment, and the result is shown in figure 2. The results show that the incubation period of the rats is significantly prolonged after D-gal administration compared to the blank group: (P<0.05), the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract has the effect of regulating the back after being administered (P<0.05). D-galactose-induced senescence rats crossed the platform and the target quadrant residence time were significantly reduced compared to the blank group (P<0.01、P<0.001), the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract group can significantly increase the target quadrant retention time (P<0.01) and number of passes through stage(s) ((1)P<0.01). Each administration group has a callback effect on the residence time of the target quadrant (P)<0.01、P<0.05) the results show that the long-term administration of the D-galactose solution can cause the decline of learning and memory abilities of rats, the dry prognosis of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract can obviously improve the cognitive ability of aged rats, and the improvement effect of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract is better than that of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf crude extract.
2. Effect of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi leaf extract on oxidative damage of aged rats
The results are shown in FIG. 3, in which the activities of SOD and GSH-px in the serum of the model rat are significantly reduced (in comparison with the blank group) ((p<0.001), the MDA content is obviously increased (p<0.05). Compared with the model group, the activities of SOD and GSH-px and the content of MDA are obviously adjusted back after the scutellaria baicalensis leaves are dried. Shows that after long-term injection of D-galactose, the activity of antioxidant enzyme in rat body is reduced, oxidative stress injury is induced, the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract can effectively improve the oxidative injury of organism, and the improvement effect of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract is obviously better than that of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf crude extract ((p<0.05）。
Rodent administration of D-galactose solution for molding is commonly used for studying pathogenesis of aging-related diseases and for developing anti-aging drugs. The administration of D-galactose can cause the decline of the learning ability of the organism, the memory hypofunction, the degenerative change of tissues and organs, the rise of ROS level and the reduction of the activity of antioxidant enzyme. In the experiment, after the rats are given the D-galactose, the learning and memory ability is reduced, and the oxidative damage is obvious, which indicates that the modeling is successful. After the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract is given, the phenomenon is obviously improved, and the improvement effect of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract is better than that of a scutellaria baicalensis leaf crude extract.
Claims (7)
1. A scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract is characterized in that: the extract is prepared by decocting Scutellariae radix leaves with water for several times, mixing extractive solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure, freeze drying, separating with macroporous adsorbent resin, eluting with water, 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol, and concentrating under reduced pressure with 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol eluate.
2. The scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the extract of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf contains carthamin-7-OGlucuronide, baicalein, isocarthamin-7-OGlucuronide, apigenin-7-OGlucuronide, chrysin-7-OGlucuronide, 5,6,7,3',4' -pentahydroxyflavone-7-OGlucuronide, schaftoside, naringenin-7-OGlucuronide, 5,7,8,3',4' -pentahydroxyflavone-7-OGlucuronide, isoscutellarein-8-O-glucuronide.
3. A method for preparing the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by: the method comprises the following steps: taking the leaves of the scutellaria baicalensis, respectively using water with the temperature of 80-100 ℃ which is 10-15 times of the mass of the leaves of the scutellaria baicalensis as a solvent, decocting and refluxing for 2-3 times, each time for 1-3 hours, combining extracting solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure, freezing and drying to obtain a crude extract of the leaves of the scutellaria baicalensis, separating the crude extract of the leaves of the scutellaria baicalensis through macroporous adsorption resin, and respectively using water, 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol as elution solvents for reflux extraction; mixing the 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol eluates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and freeze drying to obtain Scutellariae radix leaf extract.
4. The method of preparing a scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract according to claim 3, wherein: the reflux extraction times are 2 times, each time is 1h, water which is 15 times of the mass of the scutellaria baicalensis leaves is added for the first time, and water which is 10 times of the mass of the scutellaria baicalensis leaves is added for the second time; the reflux temperature is 80-100 ℃.
5. The method of preparing a scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract according to claim 3, wherein: the method is characterized in that: the water, 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol were used as elution solvents, elution was performed at a flow rate of 3 BV/h, 3 BV was collected per gradient.
6. Use of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract according to claim 1 or 2 for the preparation of an anti-aging medicament.
7. Use of the scutellaria baicalensis leaf extract according to claim 1 or 2 for preparing an anti-aging health product.
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