CN110637930A - Rumen-protected amylase and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rumen-protected amylase and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110637930A CN110637930A CN201910501812.7A CN201910501812A CN110637930A CN 110637930 A CN110637930 A CN 110637930A CN 201910501812 A CN201910501812 A CN 201910501812A CN 110637930 A CN110637930 A CN 110637930A
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- amylase
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- acrylic resin
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 102100022624 Glucoamylase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
- A23K40/35—Making capsules specially adapted for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rumen protected amylase and a preparation method thereof. The rumen protected amylase consists of a core material and a capsule material; the main component of the capsule wall material is one or more of saturated fatty acid, acrylic resin IV and chitosan, the acrylic resin IV and the chitosan are not mixed, and the main component of the core material is amylase. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dry granulating amylase, drying at low temperature, and fluidizing; and spraying the saturated fatty acid in a molten state, the acrylic resin IV dissolved in ethanol or the chitosan dissolved in acetic acid on the surface of the granules for coating to prepare the rumen protected amylase. The invention ensures that amylase is not easily degraded in the rumen of the ruminant, the rumen bypass rate still reaches more than 90 percent within 4 hours, the amylase can be effectively released when the amylase reaches the intestinal tract of the ruminant after rumen bypass protection, the undigested starch in the small intestine can be effectively digested, the occurrence of ketosis, subclinical ketosis and fatty liver disease is reduced, and the milk yield is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nutrient substances of ruminants, in particular to rumen-bypass protective amylase and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Starch is a high polymer formed by polycondensation of a plurality of glucose molecules, can be converted into glucose under the action of amylase, is a main energy source of the dairy cows, and is also a main source of the glucose of the dairy cows. Starch is mainly connected by alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bonds, and a small amount of alpha-1, 6 glycosidic bonds, and is divided into amylose and amylopectin by different molecular structures. Ruminants are fundamentally different from monogastric animals in the digestion and utilization of starch due to the fermentation of the rumen. After entering the rumen, starch is firstly decomposed into Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) by rumen microorganisms, and starch which is not decomposed enters the small intestine to be rumen bypass starch (RES), and is hydrolyzed into glucose under the action of pancreatic alpha-amylase and mucosa oligosaccharidase to be absorbed. Compared with starch which passes through the rumen and reaches the small intestine, the starch degraded in the rumen has higher utilization rate of the energy of the starch digested and absorbed in the small intestine, and the functional efficiency of the starch in the small intestine is 42 percent higher than that of the rumen. Meanwhile, the increase of the rumen-bypass starch amount can increase the starch amount digested by the small intestine, and the glucose amount absorbed by the small intestine can be correspondingly increased, so that the amino acid required in the gluconeogenesis process can be reduced, the amino acid in the body can be saved, the deposition of the body protein can be promoted, and the research result of Cameron et al (1991) shows that the addition of the starch in the daily ration can increase the methionine and arginine amount entering the small intestine. However, excessive rumen-bypass starch supply reduces the small intestine digestibility of starch, resulting in energy loss. Insufficient secretion of pancreatic alpha-amylase is the most critical factor limiting the digestibility of the small intestine. Philippeau et al (1999b) considered that there was some potential for large amounts of starch to escape from small intestine digestion into large intestine fermentation, increasing the amount of starch digested in the small intestine.
However, the addition of too much starch to the ration may result in a change in the type of rumen fermentation, resulting in increased propionic acid production, acetic acid: the lower the propionic acid proportion, thus affecting the normal digestion of the fiber and the reduction of the milk fat rate. The rumen bypass starch is added, so that unbalanced rumen fermentation can be prevented, and higher feed intake can be kept, and the intake of daily ration energy can be improved; however, the rumen bypass starch has a limited ability to digest and absorb glucose in the small intestine. Huntington et al (1997) reported that the maximum daily glucose absorption by the small intestine of a cow was 1300 g. To prevent excessive fermentation of starch in the posterior digestive tract, the maximum amount of rumen bypass starch in the dairy cow ration should also be limited. In production, in order to improve the production performance of dairy cows and dairy goats, the dairy cows and dairy goats are fed with excessive feed rich in fermentable carbohydrates, so that nutritional metabolic diseases such as tumor, gastric acidosis and the like are caused. It is generally believed that subacute rumenic acidosis (SARA) may have occurred when the rumen pH falls between 5.5 and 5.0. Concomitant with SARA are nutritional and metabolic diseases such as laminitis, which all reduce productivity.
Starch is the major source of energy for animals, and 60% -80% of the energy required by animals comes from starch in the feed. Amylases are key enzymes in starch digestion and absorption. The amylase is added into the feed, so that the digestion and absorption of animals to starch can be improved, the production performance is improved, and the utilization rate of the feed is improved. Amylases are a class of enzymes that specifically hydrolyze starch. At present, people make great progress on the research of amylase in all aspects, and besides the animal production industry, the amylase is also commonly applied to the industries of paper making, textile, medicine, food processing and the like. In the animal production industry, amylase is mainly added into animal feed to make up for the shortage of amylase in animals, thereby improving the utilization rate of the feed, reducing the breeding cost and reducing the pollution of the breeding environment. The animal can obtain the exogenous amylase artificially added by the feed, and the endogenous digestive enzyme can be secreted by the digestive system of the animal. Both exogenous and endogenous amylases can help animals digest starch in the feed, enhance the immunity of animal bodies and facilitate the growth of the animals.
Amylases are classified in various ways, most commonly into alpha-amylase, beta-amylase, isoamylase and saccharifying enzyme according to the difference of starch hydrolysis forms, and can be directly named as corresponding amylase according to the source and main products generated by hydrolysis. The four common mechanisms of amylase action are:
alpha-amylase can act on any alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond in a starch molecule, and when encountering the alpha-1, 6 glycosidic bond, the alpha-amylase crosses the alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond to break the alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond;
② beta-amylase can also break alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bonds, however it can not break alpha-1, 6 glycosidic bonds and the reaction is immediately cut off as soon as this bond is touched. The method can start from the non-reducing end of a starch molecule, and sequentially break alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bonds to finally generate maltose;
the isoamylase can specifically hydrolyze alpha-1, 6 glycosidic bond of branch position in the amylopectin and convert the alpha-1, 6 glycosidic bond into amylose;
the glucoamylase can act on various glycosidic bonds, not only can break alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bonds, but also can hydrolyze alpha-1, 3 and alpha-1, 6 glycosidic bonds. The final product, which in turn cleaves the alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond, is beta-D glucose.
From the view of the physiological characteristics of animal digestion, the amylase which can really play an effective role should have the following characteristics: (1) has higher activity under the condition of animal body temperature (37-42 ℃); (2) the optimum pH value is consistent with the pH value of chyme in the digestive tract; (3) has higher enzymolysis effect on starch (should be endo-amylase);
has good stability, including stability in high temperature granulation process of feed, stability in preservation process, and tolerance to gastric acid, pepsin, trypsin, metal ions, etc. in animal digestive tract.
The use of enzyme preparations is influenced by rumen and rumen microorganisms due to the specific digestive system of ruminants. In addition, the daily ration for the ruminant takes coarse feed as a main material, and the content of coarse fiber is high, so that the digestive function of the ruminant is not obviously affected by adding amylase in the feed for the ruminant. The research of the WangIn wave et al (2000) shows that the higher content of fibers in the ration can cause the reduction of the activity of endogenous digestive enzymes of animals, and the reason is mainly that the crude fibers are complexed with the digestive enzymes, thereby hindering the reaction between the digestive enzymes and the substrate. Therefore, the common amylase is applied to the daily ration of the ruminant, and has no obvious effect of improving the production performance of the ruminant.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide rumen-protected amylase and a preparation method thereof, and the obtained rumen-protected amylase can prevent amylase from being degraded in rumen, and can effectively release in intestinal tract to further improve the digestibility of intestinal starch, provide more energy for ruminants, and improve weight gain or milk yield.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides rumen-protected amylase, which consists of a core material and a capsule material; the main component of the capsule wall material is any one or more of saturated fatty acid, acrylic resin IV and chitosan, wherein the acrylic resin IV and the chitosan are not mixed, and the main component of the core material is amylase.
In a preferred embodiment, the melting point of the saturated fatty acid is above 52 ℃ and the mass percentage of the C16-C18 saturated fatty acid is above 70%; preferably, the C16-C18 saturated fatty acid is palm oil fat powder.
In a preferred embodiment, the saturated fatty acid having 16 to 18 atoms is selected from stearic acid and salts thereof, hydrogenated oils derived from animals and plants, and fatty alcohols derived from animals and plants.
In a preferred embodiment, the rumen-protected amylase comprises 100U-5000U of amylase per 1g of the rumen-protected amylase;
the definition of U above is: the enzyme activity is specified as an international unit: under specific conditions, the amount of enzyme required to convert 1. mu. mol of substrate, or 1. mu. mol of the relevant group in the substrate, in 1 minute is called an international unit of enzyme activity (IU, also called U).
In a preferred embodiment, the amylase is selected from any one of α -amylase, β -amylase, isoamylase and saccharifying enzyme.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the rumen protected amylase, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dry granulating amylase, and drying at low temperature of 60-75 deg.C;
(2) heating and melting saturated fatty acid to obtain molten saturated fatty acid; dissolving acrylic resin IV in ethanol to obtain acrylic resin IV dissolved in 95% ethanol; dissolving chitosan in acetic acid to obtain chitosan dissolved in acetic acid; then, any one or more of the treated saturated fatty acid, acrylic resin IV or chitosan is used as a capsule wall material, wherein the acrylic resin IV and the chitosan are not mixed;
(3) and (3) adding the dried particles obtained in the step (1) into a fluidized bed for fluidization, spraying the capsule wall material obtained in the step (2) onto the surfaces of the particles, and coating to obtain the rumen protected amylase.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (1), other components not containing starch can be added into amylase for mixing, and then dry granulation is carried out; preferably, the other ingredient not containing starch is an amino acid; further preferably, the amino acid is lysine.
In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the amylase to the amino acid is 1: 0-9.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (1), low temperature drying is performed at 70 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step (2), the temperature of the heat melting is 80 to 100 ℃.
The rumen protected amylase is granular, and has a diameter of about 1mm, so as to facilitate rapid rumen passing and ensure the mixing uniformity of the product in the feed.
Definition of amylase activity: 1g of enzyme powder was liquefied at pH 6.0 at 60 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain 1g of soluble starch as one unit of enzyme activity, expressed in U/g.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention relates to a rumen-bypass granule prepared by amylase by a microcapsule coating technology, wherein the rumen-bypass technology protects nutrient substances easily damaged by rumen microorganisms from being decomposed by the rumen microorganisms by a physical or chemical method, and the nutrient substances pass through the rumen completely and reach the abomasum and the intestinal tract to be released and play a role in the small intestine, so that the requirement of organisms on the nutrient substances is met; the rumen-protected amylase obtained by the invention can ensure that the amylase is not easily degraded in the rumen of a ruminant, the rumen-protected rate still reaches more than 90 percent within 4 hours, and the coating effect of the amylase is good.
(2) The rumen protected amylase obtained by the invention can be effectively released when reaching the intestinal tract of a ruminant, the small intestine release rate within 2 hours reaches more than 90%, and after 8 hours, the amylase has been released by 100%, so that the rumen protected amylase can effectively digest undigested starch in the small intestine, further improve the digestion rate of the intestinal starch in the ruminant, and provide more energy for the ruminant, thereby effectively preventing the ketosis of the ruminant in the perinatal period, reducing the occurrence of ketosis or subclinical ketosis and fatty liver disease, reducing the postpartum weightlessness of the ruminant, improving the estrus conception rate of the ruminant and improving the milk yield.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
The alpha-amylase used in the examples below was purchased from Shandong Longglong bioengineering, Inc.; palm oil fat powder was purchased from Tianjin Nuoist trade, Inc.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1: preparation method of 100 unit/g rumen-bypass amylase
Weighing 120 g of 2000 units/g of alpha-amylase, adding the alpha-amylase into 880 g of lysine powder, mixing, performing dry granulation in a dry granulator, and drying at a low temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain dried granules; heating 1000 g of palm oil fat powder to 100 ℃ for melting to obtain a packaging material; and (3) placing the dried granules containing the amylase into a fluidized bed for fluidization, cooling the molten packing material to 80 ℃, and spraying the cooled packing material on the surfaces of the granules containing the amylase to obtain 100 units/g rumen-bypass amylase.
Example 2: preparation method of rumen-bypass amylase with concentration of 400 units/g
Weighing 480 g of 2000 units/g alpha-amylase, adding the weighed 2000 units/g alpha-amylase into 520 g of lysine powder, mixing, performing dry granulation in a dry granulator, and drying at a low temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain dried granules; heating 1000 g of palm oil fat powder to 100 ℃ for melting to obtain a packaging material; and (3) placing the dried granules containing the amylase into a fluidized bed for fluidization, cooling the molten packing material to 80 ℃, and spraying the cooled packing material on the surfaces of the granules containing the amylase to obtain 400 units/g of rumen-bypass amylase.
Example 3: preparation method of rumen-bypass amylase at 2000 unit/g
Weighing 600 g of 8000 units/g of alpha-amylase, adding the alpha-amylase into 400 g of lysine powder, mixing, performing dry granulation in a dry granulator, and drying at a low temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain dried granules; heating 1000 g of palm oil fat powder to 100 ℃ for melting to obtain a packaging material; the dried granules containing amylase are put into a fluidized bed for fluidization, and the melted packing material is cooled to 80 ℃ and sprayed on the surfaces of the granules containing amylase, so that 2000 units/g rumen-bypass amylase is obtained.
Example 4: preparation method of rumen-bypass amylase with concentration of 5000 units/g
Weighing 1440 g of 10000 units/g of alpha-amylase, performing dry granulation in a dry granulator, and drying at a low temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain dried granules; 560 g of palm oil fat powder is heated to 100 ℃ to be melted to be used as a packing material; and (3) placing the dried amylase granules into a fluidized bed for fluidization, cooling the molten packing material to 80 ℃, and spraying the cooled packing material on the surfaces of the amylase granules to obtain the rumen-bypass amylase with the concentration of 5000 units/g.
Example 5: 2000 units/g rumen-bypass amylase (capsule wall material mainly comprises acrylic resin IV and saturated fatty acid mixture)
Weighing 600 g of 8000 units/g of alpha-amylase, performing dry granulation in a dry granulator, and drying at a low temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain dried granules; 500 g of acrylic resin IV is dissolved in ethanol, and 900 g of palm oil fat powder is heated to 100 ℃ for melting; placing the dried granules containing amylase into a fluidized bed for fluidization; cooling the melted palm oil fat powder to 80 ℃, mixing with acrylic resin IV dissolved in ethanol, and spraying the obtained mixture as a capsule material on the surface of granules containing amylase to obtain 2000 units/g rumen-bypass amylase.
Example 6: preparation method of rumen-bypass amylase (the capsule wall material mainly comprises acrylic resin IV) with 5000 units/g
Weighing 1200 g of 10000 units/g of alpha-amylase, performing dry granulation in a dry granulator, and drying at a low temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain dried granules; dissolving 800 g of acrylic resin IV in ethanol; placing the dried granules containing amylase into a fluidized bed for fluidization; spraying acrylic resin IV dissolved in ethanol on the surface of the granules containing amylase as capsule wall material to obtain the rumen-bypass amylase with the concentration of 5000 units/g.
Example 7: preparation method of 5000 units/g rumen-bypass amylase (chitosan is used as main ingredient of capsule wall material)
Weighing 1200 g of 10000 units/g of alpha-amylase, performing dry granulation in a dry granulator, and drying at a low temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain dried granules; dissolving 800 grams of chitosan in acetic acid; placing the dried granules containing amylase into a fluidized bed for fluidization; chitosan dissolved in acetic acid is used as a capsule wall material to be sprayed on the surface of granules containing amylase, so that the rumen-bypass amylase with the unit/g of 5000 is obtained.
Examples of the experiments
In order to verify the product performance of the rumen-bypass amylase prepared by the invention, an In Vitro method (In Vitro) is used for simulating the digestive tract of a ruminant to carry out stability test (simulated rumen environment: pH6.6 buffer solution, abomasum and duodenum: pH2.4 buffer solution) and evaluation.
Materials and methods
The pH value of buffer solution with the pH value of 6.6 and the pH value of 2.4 are adopted for simulating the environments of the rumen, the abomasum and the duodenum of the ruminant respectively.
Different pH value buffer solution formula
TABLE 1 formulation of buffer solutions at different pH values (unit: g)
Dissolving the substances listed in the table in a small amount of distilled water, and fixing the volume to 1000 ml.
Test sample
Sample a: rumen-bypass amylase prepared in example 1, amylase content: 100 units/gram;
sample B: rumen-bypass amylase prepared in example 2, amylase content: 400 units/gram;
sample C: rumen-bypass amylase prepared in example 3, amylase content: 2000 units/gram;
sample D: rumen-bypass amylase prepared in example 4, amylase content: 5000 units/gram;
each sample was prepared in 3 production batches of 400 grams each, ready for use.
Stability test of rumen-bypass amylase in buffers with different pH values
Accurately weighing 1.00g of each of the sample A, the sample B, the sample C and the sample D, placing the sample A, the sample B, the sample C and the sample D at the bottom of a 50ml test tube with a plug, adding 20ml of buffer solution, and tightly covering the test tube plug; digesting for 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours in a constant-temperature water bath shaker at 39 ℃; taking out, washing, filtering, fixing the volume of the filtrate, and measuring the content of amylase in the filtrate, thereby calculating the rumen-bypass rate and the small intestine release rate of the amylase. Each coated rumen-protected amylase was set in triplicate at each time point.
The detection method of the amylase comprises the following steps: method for determining GB/T24401 alpha-amylase
Formula for calculation
The rumen bypass ratio of the product (W1) ═ 1-A2)/A1 multiplied by 100%
In the formula: a1-amylase content in the product;
a2-content of amylase in the filtrate of the product in buffer solution at pH 6.6.
The small intestine release rate (W2) ═ A3/A1X 100%
In the formula: a1-amylase content in the product;
a3-content of amylase in the filtrate of the product in buffer solution at pH 2.4.
The effective release rate of the product is W1 XW 2 X100%
In the formula: w1-rumen bypass rate of product;
w2-product Small intestine Release Rate.
The statistical method comprises the following steps: data analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0.
Analysis of results
(1) Rumen bypass ratio (pH 6.6) of each product at different time points
Table 1 rumen bypass ratio (%) -at different time points for each product at pH6.6
| Time of day | 2h | 4h | 8h | 12h | 24h |
| Sample A | 96.51 | 93.41 | 81.50 | 71.00 | 69.44 |
| Sample B | 95.40 | 93.60 | 80.00 | 71.15 | 70.21 |
| Sample C | 93.90 | 92.13 | 79.90 | 68.20 | 65.20 |
| Sample D | 94.10 | 92.32 | 74.30 | 68.13 | 64.20 |
Each test sample was cultured in a 39 ℃ constant temperature water bed by simulating the rumen environment of ruminants with a buffer solution having a pH of 6.6, and the results listed in table 1 were obtained. As can be seen from table 1, the rumen bypass rate of each sample has little difference in effect at the same time point, and each sample is slowly released at different degrees with the time; before 4h, the rumen bypass rate reaches over 90 percent, and the retention time of chyme in rumen is achieved, which shows that each sample has good coating effect, amylase is hardly degraded in rumen and is not greatly damaged in rumen.
(2) Small intestine Release Rate (pH 2.4) for each product at different time points
Table 2 small intestine release rate (%) -at pH2.4 for each product at different time points
| Time of day | 2h | 4h | 8h | 12h | 24h |
| Sample A | 93.20 | 97.40 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| Sample B | 94.14 | 97.21 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| Sample C | 93.30 | 97.02 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| Sample D | 94.24 | 98.10 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
Each test sample was cultured in a constant temperature water bed at 39 ℃ by simulating the small intestine environment of a ruminant with a buffer solution having a pH of 2.4, and the results listed in table 2 were obtained. As can be seen from Table 2, the release rate of each sample in small intestine reaches more than 90% within 2h and 100% within 8 h, which indicates that the coating material can be digested and decomposed in small intestine of ruminant, so that amylase is released to act in small intestine, thereby decomposing starch and providing energy for body of ruminant.
(3) Effective release rate (rumen bypass rate/small intestine release rate) of each product at different time points
TABLE 3 effective release (%) -of each product at different time points
| Time of day | 2h | 4h | 8h | 12h | 24h |
| Sample A | 89.95 | 90.98 | 81.50 | 71.00 | 69.44 |
| Sample B | 89.81 | 90.99 | 80.00 | 71.15 | 70.21 |
| Sample C | 87.61 | 89.38 | 79.90 | 68.20 | 65.20 |
| Sample D | 88.68 | 90.57 | 74.30 | 68.13 | 64.20 |
The results shown in Table 3 were obtained by incubating each test sample in a constant temperature water bed at 39 ℃ with a buffer solution of pH6.6 and pH 2.4. As can be seen from Table 3, the effective release rates of the samples are calculated by integrating the rumen bypass rate and the small intestine release rate, the effective release rates of the samples at the same time point have small difference, and the samples are relatively stable at the time points, which indicates that the preparation method and the effect of the samples are good.
In the test, four rumen bypass amylase products are cultured in vitro by a method of simulating ruminant rumen fluid and small intestine solution in vitro, so as to obtain rumen bypass rate, small intestine release rate and effective product release rate of the four products at different time points. Test results show that the rumen bypass rate, the small intestine release rate and the effective release rate of the product of the rumen bypass amylase are stable.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A rumen protected amylase, which is characterized in that: consists of a core material and a capsule material; the main component of the capsule wall material is any one or more of saturated fatty acid, acrylic resin IV and chitosan, wherein the acrylic resin IV and the chitosan are not mixed, and the main component of the core material is amylase.
2. The rumen-protected amylase according to claim 1, wherein: the melting point of the saturated fatty acid is above 52 ℃ and the mass percentage of the C16-C18 saturated fatty acid is above 70%; preferably, the C16-C18 saturated fatty acid is palm oil fat powder.
3. The rumen-protected amylase according to claim 1, wherein: the C16-C18 saturated fatty acid is selected from any one of stearic acid and salt thereof, animal and vegetable source hydrogenated oil and animal and vegetable source fatty alcohol.
4. The rumen-protected amylase according to claim 1, wherein: the rumen-protected amylase per 1g comprises 100U-5000U of amylase.
5. The rumen-protected amylase according to claim 4, wherein: the amylase is selected from any one of alpha-amylase, beta-amylase, isoamylase and saccharifying enzyme.
6. The method for preparing rumen protected amylase according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
(1) dry granulating amylase, and drying at low temperature of 60-75 deg.C;
(2) heating and melting saturated fatty acid to obtain molten saturated fatty acid; dissolving acrylic resin IV in ethanol to obtain acrylic resin IV dissolved in ethanol; dissolving chitosan in acetic acid to obtain chitosan dissolved in acetic acid; then, any one or more of the treated saturated fatty acid, acrylic resin IV or chitosan is used as a capsule wall material, wherein the acrylic resin IV and the chitosan are not mixed;
(3) and (3) adding the dried particles obtained in the step (1) into a fluidized bed for fluidization, spraying the capsule wall material obtained in the step (2) onto the surfaces of the particles, and coating to obtain the rumen protected amylase.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein in the step (1), other components not containing starch are further added to the amylase to be mixed, and then dry granulation is performed; preferably, the other ingredient not containing starch is an amino acid; further preferably, the amino acid is lysine.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of the amylase to the amino acid is 1: 0-9.
9. The production method according to claim 6, wherein in the step (1), low-temperature baking is performed at 70 ℃.
10. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the heat-melting is 80 ℃ to 100 ℃.
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| CN111494601A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-08-07 | 安杰利(重庆)生物科技有限公司 | Rumen-bypass enteric-soluble antibacterial peptide particles and preparation method thereof |
| CN112626043A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-09 | 山西大禹生物工程股份有限公司 | Rumen-bypass glucose oxidase and preparation method and use method thereof |
| CN112868912A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-01 | 北京东方天合过瘤胃技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of novel rumen-bypass glucose oxidase |
| CN113349293A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-09-07 | 安徽东方天合生物技术有限责任公司 | Preparation method of novel rumen bypass protease |
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| CN113349293A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-09-07 | 安徽东方天合生物技术有限责任公司 | Preparation method of novel rumen bypass protease |
| CN113349291A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-09-07 | 安徽东方天合生物技术有限责任公司 | Preparation method of novel rumen-bypass amylase |
| CN112868912B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-05-10 | 北京东方天合过瘤胃技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of rumen-bypass glucose oxidase |
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