CN110635841A - Method and device for improving echo signal of chaotic optical time domain reflectometer - Google Patents
Method and device for improving echo signal of chaotic optical time domain reflectometer Download PDFInfo
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/071—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using a reflected signal, e.g. using optical time domain reflectometers [OTDR]
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- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B10/501—Structural aspects
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- H04B10/5057—Laser transmitters using external modulation using a feedback signal generated by analysing the optical output
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical time domain reflectometers, and discloses a method and a device for improving echo signals of a chaotic optical time domain reflectometer, wherein the device is used for realizing the method, and the method comprises the following steps: s1, dividing a light source signal emitted by a feedback laser into two paths based on an optical fiber coupler, wherein one path is connected with a reflector, and the other path is directly output to form a chaotic laser source signal; dividing the chaotic laser source signal into two paths based on another optical fiber coupler, wherein one path of output forms a coherent coupling light source signal, and the other path of output forms a chaotic detection light source signal; the invention can effectively improve the echo power of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer based on the coherent coupling enhancement technology, thereby improving the measurement effect of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer, more accurately realizing the detection of the optical fiber fault point and having the advantage of low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical time domain reflectometers, and particularly relates to a method and a device for improving an echo signal of a chaotic optical time domain reflectometer.
Background
The optical time domain reflectometer is a main measuring instrument for diagnosing a fault point of an optical fiber link at present, the equipment utilizes a pulse flight method measuring technology, and the optical time domain reflectometer is simple in structure and mature in method, but cannot increase the measuring distance while improving the measuring accuracy. The reason is that the method has an irreconcilable contradiction in principle, and the farthest distance of measurement is increased, so that the pulse power is increased, the pulse width is increased, the excessively high pulse power not only increases the measurement cost, but also causes irreversible damage to the optical fiber, and the increase of the pulse width reduces the measurement accuracy; to improve accuracy requires a reduction in pulse width, which reduces pulse energy and thus measurement distance.
In order to solve the problem of the optical time domain reflectometer, researchers at home and abroad try various methods and propose different solutions. The method mainly adopts a related method detection technology, and overcomes the contradiction that the measurement precision and the measurement distance cannot be simultaneously improved in the traditional optical time domain reflectometer. The disclosure number of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer is CN101226100A and a measuring method thereof describes the measuring principle and the implementation scheme of the device in detail; the publication number CN102739311B, "optical fiber fault positioning device based on chaotic visible laser and positioning method thereof", also proposes another detection scheme of chaotic laser.
However, with the application of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer, in practice, it is found that a detection signal is attenuated when propagating in an optical fiber, a measured echo signal is very small, and if the echo signal is too small, a measurement result is seriously interfered. At present, two methods for improving echo signals are mainly used: one is to increase the power of the transmitted signal, and too high a power requires a powerful laser, and the other is to increase the sensitivity of the photodetector, but both of these methods increase the measurement cost. In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a coherent enhancement technology of light to increase the power of an echo signal, so that the measurement accuracy of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention needs to provide a method for improving the echo signal of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer; it is also necessary to provide a device for implementing the method for improving the echo signal of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. a method for improving echo signals of a chaotic optical time domain reflectometer comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing a light source signal emitted by a feedback laser into two paths based on an optical fiber coupler, wherein one path is connected with a reflector and is reflected back into the feedback laser through the reflector, so that the feedback laser outputs a chaotic signal, and the other path is directly output to form a chaotic laser source signal; dividing the chaotic laser source signal into two paths based on another optical fiber coupler, wherein one path of output forms a coherent coupling light source signal, and the other path of output forms a chaotic detection light source signal;
s2, dividing the chaotic detection light source signal into two paths based on another optical fiber coupler, wherein one path of signal is output to form a reference light signal, and the other path of signal is output to form a detection light signal; wherein, the reference light signal is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector and the signal acquisition is completed by an oscilloscope or an acquisition card;
s3, enabling the detection light signal to enter the optical fiber to be detected through the optical fiber circulator for detection, reflecting the detection light signal back into the optical fiber circulator after detecting the optical fiber fault point, and forming an echo signal, wherein the echo signal is in coherent coupling with a coherent coupling light source signal to obtain a signal-enhanced coupling echo signal;
s4, converting the coupled echo signal into an electric signal through another photoelectric detector, and completing signal acquisition through an oscilloscope or an acquisition card;
s5, an oscilloscope or an acquisition card is matched with a computer, and the computer is used for carrying out relevant calculation and processing on the acquired coupling echo signal and the acquired reference light signal to obtain the detection result of the optical fiber fault point;
and S6, displaying the detection result of the optical fiber fault point on a display device to form a fault point detection diagram.
2. The device for realizing the method comprises two parts, wherein one part is a chaotic light source emitting component, and the other part is an optical fiber fault detection component;
the chaotic light source emitting component mainly comprises a feedback laser, a first optical fiber coupler and a second optical fiber coupler which are sequentially connected, wherein an output port on the first optical fiber coupler, which is different from the output port connected with the second optical fiber coupler, is connected with a reflector, the reflector realizes light source reflection to ensure the formation of chaotic light, the second optical fiber coupler comprises two output ports, one of the two output ports is connected with an optical fiber fault detection component, the other one of the two output ports is sequentially connected with an optical fiber amplifier and an adjustable optical fiber attenuator, and the output port of the adjustable optical fiber attenuator is connected with the optical fiber fault detection component;
the optical fiber fault detection component mainly comprises a third optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber circulator and an optical fiber to be detected which are sequentially connected; the input port of the third optical fiber coupler is directly connected with the second optical fiber coupler, and the output port of the third optical fiber coupler, which is different from the output port connected with the optical fiber circulator, is connected with the first photoelectric detector; the output port of the optical fiber circulator, which is different from the output port connected with the optical fiber to be tested, is sequentially connected with a fourth optical fiber coupler and a second photoelectric detector, and the input port of the fourth optical fiber coupler is also connected with the adjustable optical fiber attenuator;
the optical fiber fault detection component further comprises an oscilloscope, a computer and a display device which are connected in sequence, and the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are both connected with the oscilloscope.
Preferably, the connection between the chaotic light source emitting component and the optical fiber fault detection component and the connection between the internal components are connected by adopting a single-mode optical fiber jumper.
In particular in the above-mentioned device: the first and second fiber couplers are adapted to the two fiber couplers set forth in step S1 of the above method; the mirror connected to the first fiber coupler is adapted to the mirror proposed in step S1;
the third optical fiber coupler is adapted to the optical fiber coupler proposed in step S2; the first photodetector is adapted to the photodetector set forth in step S2;
the optical fiber circulator and the optical fiber to be tested are both adapted to the step S3; the oscilloscope is adapted to the oscilloscope or the acquisition card proposed in the step S2 and the step S4; the computer and the display device are adapted to step S5 and step S6, respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
based on the coherent coupling enhancement technology, the echo power of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer can be effectively improved, so that the measurement effect of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer is improved, and the detection of an optical fiber fault point can be more accurately realized;
in addition, in the method and the device provided by the invention, the power of a laser and the sensitivity of a photoelectric detector do not need to be increased, so that the problem of measurement cost rise is effectively avoided;
in conclusion, the invention has the advantages of high detection precision and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for enhancing echo signals of a chaotic optical time domain reflectometer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a time domain diagram of an original reference optical signal and an echo signal;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the detection result in the initial state;
FIG. 4 is a time domain diagram of a reference optical signal and an echo signal after coherent coupling enhancement;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the detection results after coherent coupling enhancement;
in the figure: the device comprises a feedback laser 1, a first optical fiber coupler 2, a reflector 3, a second optical fiber coupler 4, a third optical fiber coupler 5, an optical fiber circulator 6, an optical fiber 7 to be tested, an optical fiber fault point 8, a fourth optical fiber coupler 9, a first photoelectric detector 10, a second photoelectric detector 11, an oscilloscope 12, a computer 13, a display device 14, an optical fiber amplifier 15 and an adjustable optical fiber attenuator 16.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
1. Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a device for improving echo signals of a chaotic optical time domain reflectometer, which comprises I, II parts, wherein the part I is a chaotic light source emitting component on the left side in fig. 1, and the part II is an optical fiber fault detecting component on the right side in fig. 1; the structure of the specific integral device and the application method among the structures are as follows:
part I: the chaotic light source emitting component mainly comprises a feedback type (DFB) laser 1, a first optical fiber coupler 2 of 50:50 and a second optical fiber coupler 4 of 80:20 which are sequentially connected by utilizing a single-mode optical fiber jumper; the output port of the first optical fiber coupler 2 is connected with a second optical fiber coupler 4 and a reflector 3, the second optical fiber coupler 4 and the reflector 3 are connected to two different output ports, the second optical fiber coupler 4 is also connected with a part II and an optical fiber amplifier 15 through the two different output ports, the output port of the optical fiber amplifier 15 is connected with an adjustable optical fiber attenuator 16, and the output port of the adjustable optical fiber attenuator 16 is connected with the part II;
the feedback type (DFB) laser 1 emits a laser source, the laser source is dispersed and guided out in a proportion of 50:50 through the first optical fiber coupler 2, wherein 50% of the laser source is directly output, and the other 50% of the laser source flows to the reflector 3 and is reflected back into the feedback type (DFB) laser 1 through the reflector 3 to form third-party interference, so that the feedback type (DFB) laser 1 can effectively output chaotic laser source signals; the chaotic laser source signal flows to the second optical fiber coupler 4, and is dispersed and derived in a proportion of 80:20 through the second optical fiber coupler 4, wherein 80% of output light is directly input to the part II as a chaotic detection light source signal, 20% of output light is subjected to signal size adjustment through the optical fiber amplifier 15 and the adjustable optical fiber attenuator 16, and the part of output light is input to the part II as a coherent coupling light source signal.
Section II: the optical fiber fault detection component mainly comprises a 90:10 third optical fiber coupler 5, an optical fiber circulator 6 and an optical fiber 7 to be detected which are sequentially connected by utilizing a single-mode optical fiber jumper; the input port of the third optical fiber coupler 5 is directly connected with the second optical fiber coupler 4, and the third optical fiber coupler 5 is connected with an optical fiber circulator 6 and a first photoelectric detector 10 by two different output ports; the optical fiber circulator 6 is also connected with an optical fiber 7 to be tested and a 50:50 fourth optical fiber coupler 9 by two different output ports, wherein the output port of the fourth optical fiber coupler 9 is connected with a second photoelectric detector 11, and the input port of the fourth optical fiber coupler is also directly connected with an adjustable optical fiber attenuator 16;
the optical fiber fault detection component further comprises an oscilloscope 12, a computer 13 and a display device 14 which are connected in sequence, and the first photoelectric detector 10 and the second photoelectric detector 11 are both connected with the oscilloscope 12;
after entering the second part, the chaotic detection light source signal is dispersed and exported in a proportion of 90:10 through the third optical fiber coupler 5, wherein 10% of output signals enter the first photoelectric detector 10 as reference light signals, the first photoelectric detector 10 converts the reference light signals into electric signals, and the signal acquisition is completed through the oscilloscope 12; 90% of output signals as detection light signals enter an optical fiber circulator 6, then enter an optical fiber 7 to be detected through the optical fiber circulator 6, the detection light signals detect an optical fiber fault point 8 in the optical fiber 7 to be detected, the signals are reflected back to the optical fiber circulator 6 after the optical fiber fault point 8 is detected, echo signals are obtained in the reflection process, the optical fiber circulator 6 outputs echo signals to a fourth optical fiber coupler 9, the input port of the fourth optical fiber coupler 9 is also connected with an adjustable optical fiber attenuator 16, coherent coupling between the echo signals and coherent coupling light source signals is carried out according to the proportion of 50:50 so as to strengthen the signals, the coupling echo signals formed after coupling carry information of the optical fiber fault point 8, the coupling echo signals directly enter a second photoelectric detector 11 and are converted into electric signals, then signal acquisition is completed through an oscilloscope 12, the oscilloscope 12 is matched with a computer 13, the coupled echo signal and the reference optical signal are subjected to relevant calculation and processing by the computer 13 to obtain a detection result of the optical fiber fault point 8, and the detection result is displayed in the display device 14 to form a fault point detection diagram.
2. Based on the above structure and application method, the following experiments were performed:
experiment one
Adjusting the optical fiber amplifier 15 and the adjustable optical fiber attenuator 16 to make the coherent coupling light source signal be 0mw, and acquiring the reference light signal and the echo signal by the oscilloscope 12 at this time to obtain a time domain signal when the coherent coupling is not enhanced, specifically as shown in fig. 2, the lower graph in fig. 2 shows that the average voltage value of the echo signal is below 0.2;
then, the computer 13 performs correlation calculation and processing on the reference optical signal and the echo signal to obtain a detection result graph, specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the graph shows that the position of the fault point is 3.376 km.
Experiment two
Adjusting the optical fiber amplifier 15 and the adjustable optical fiber attenuator 16 to increase the coherent coupling light source signal, coherently coupling the coherent coupling light source signal and the echo signal to obtain a coupled echo signal, and acquiring a reference light signal and the coupled echo signal by the oscilloscope 12 to obtain a time domain signal after coherent coupling enhancement, specifically as shown in fig. 4, the lower graph in fig. 4 shows that the voltage value of the coupled echo signal is averagely below 0.4, which is obviously increased by two times compared with the data obtained in the first experiment;
then, the computer 13 performs correlation calculation and processing on the reference optical signal and the coupling echo signal to obtain a detection result graph after coherent coupling enhancement, specifically as shown in fig. 5, where the position of the display fault point is 3.376 km.
3. According to the above experiment, the echo power is effectively improved by coherent coupling enhancement, and the specific principle of coherent coupling enhancement is as follows:
(1) setting the optical oscillation frequency of coherent coupling light source signal to be flAmplitude of AlAt an initial phase of
Then the intensity of the light field El(t)：
The optical oscillation frequency of the echo signal is fsAmplitude of AsAt an initial phase of
Then the intensity of the light field Es(t)：
The optical field intensity E (t) of the coupled echo signal after the coherent coupling light source signal and the echo signal are coherently coupled and superposed:
the mixed photocurrent intensity i (t) of the coupled echo signal converted by the second photodetector 11 is:
specifically, in actual detection, only the last term in the above formula plays a role, so i (t) is:
as can be seen from the above equation, the mixed photocurrent intensity I (t) of the output coupled echo signal and the amplitude A of the coherent coupled light source signallIs in direct proportion;
(2) setting the output power of the coupled echo signal as P and the output power of the coherent coupling light source signal as PlThe output power of the echo signal is PsAnd then:
P∝Al 2As 2∝RlPs
from the above equation, the output power P of the coupled echo signal is proportional to the square of the amplitudes of the coherent coupled light source signal and the echo signal.
In conclusion, the coupled echo signal can be effectively improved by enhancing the coherent coupling light source signal, so that the aim of improving the echo power of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer is fulfilled.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving echo signals of a chaotic optical time domain reflectometer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, dividing a light source signal emitted by a feedback laser into two paths based on an optical fiber coupler, wherein one path is connected with a reflector and is reflected back into the feedback laser through the reflector, so that the feedback laser outputs a chaotic signal, and the other path is directly output to form a chaotic laser source signal; dividing the chaotic laser source signal into two paths based on another optical fiber coupler, wherein one path of output forms a coherent coupling light source signal, and the other path of output forms a chaotic detection light source signal;
s2, dividing the chaotic detection light source signal into two paths based on another optical fiber coupler, wherein one path of signal is output to form a reference light signal, and the other path of signal is output to form a detection light signal; wherein, the reference light signal is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector and the signal acquisition is completed by an oscilloscope or an acquisition card;
s3, enabling the detection light signal to enter the optical fiber to be detected through the optical fiber circulator for detection, reflecting the detection light signal back into the optical fiber circulator after detecting the optical fiber fault point, and forming an echo signal, wherein the echo signal is in coherent coupling with a coherent coupling light source signal to obtain a signal-enhanced coupling echo signal;
s4, converting the coupled echo signal into an electric signal through another photoelectric detector, and completing signal acquisition through an oscilloscope or an acquisition card;
and S5, an oscilloscope or an acquisition card is matched with the computer, and the computer is used for carrying out relevant calculation and processing on the acquired coupling echo signal and the acquired reference light signal to obtain the detection result of the optical fiber fault point.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising step S6: the detection result obtained in step S5 is displayed in the display device to form a failure point detection map.
3. The device for realizing the method for improving the echo signal of the chaotic optical time domain reflectometer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the device comprises a chaotic light source emitting component and an optical fiber fault detection component.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the chaotic light source emitting component mainly comprises a feedback laser, a first optical fiber coupler and a second optical fiber coupler which are connected in sequence.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the first optical fiber coupler and the second optical fiber coupler respectively comprise two output ports, wherein the two output ports of the first optical fiber coupler are respectively connected with the second optical fiber coupler and the reflector; and the two output ports of the second optical fiber coupler are respectively connected with an optical fiber fault detection component and an optical fiber amplifier.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the output port of the optical fiber amplifier is connected with an adjustable optical fiber attenuator, and the output port of the adjustable optical fiber attenuator is connected with an optical fiber fault detection component.
7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the optical fiber fault detection component mainly comprises a third optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber circulator and an optical fiber to be detected which are sequentially connected, wherein an input port of the third optical fiber coupler is directly connected with the chaotic light source emitting component.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the third optical fiber coupler and the optical fiber circulator both comprise two output ports, wherein the two output ports of the third optical fiber coupler are respectively connected with the optical fiber circulator and the first photoelectric detector; two output ports of the optical fiber circulator are respectively connected with an optical fiber to be tested and a fourth optical fiber coupler, an input port of the fourth optical fiber coupler is also connected with the chaotic light source emitting component, and an output port of the fourth optical fiber coupler is connected with a second photoelectric detector.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the device also comprises an oscilloscope, a computer and a display device which are connected in sequence, and the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are both connected with the input port of the oscilloscope.
10. The apparatus according to any of claims 3-9, wherein: the connection between the chaotic light source emitting component and the optical fiber fault detection component and the connection between the internal components are connected by adopting single-mode optical fiber jumpers.
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| WO2022225980A1 (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-10-27 | Arris Enterprises Llc | Failure detection method integrated in optical amplifiers and remote optical transmitters for radio frequency on glass (rfog) and distributed access architecture (daa) cable television (catv) networks |
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