CN110635574A - Multi-coil for wirelessly transmitting power - Google Patents
Multi-coil for wirelessly transmitting power Download PDFInfo
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- CN110635574A CN110635574A CN201910468886.5A CN201910468886A CN110635574A CN 110635574 A CN110635574 A CN 110635574A CN 201910468886 A CN201910468886 A CN 201910468886A CN 110635574 A CN110635574 A CN 110635574A
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- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2804—Printed windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
- H01F27/363—Electric or magnetic shields or screens made of electrically conductive material
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
- H01F27/366—Electric or magnetic shields or screens made of ferromagnetic material
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/38—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
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- H01F2027/2809—Printed windings on stacked layers
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a multi-coil for wirelessly transmitting power. The multi-coil for wireless power transmission according to the present invention may include a first transmitting coil stacked in a multi-layered structure; and a second transmitting coil stacked in a multi-layered structure. An outer edge of the first transmitting coil and an outer edge of the second transmitting coil may overlap each other, and layers of the first transmitting coil and the second transmitting coil may be alternately stacked. Each of the first and second transmitting coils forms a spiral-shaped wire and is connected to a previous layer and a next layer through-holes formed at inner and outer terminals of the spiral-shaped wire.
Description
The present application claims priority from korean patent application No.10-2018-0065106, filed 6, 5.2018, according to the first code of article 119, code 35 of the united states code, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a multi-coil for wirelessly transmitting power.
Background
With the development of communication and information processing technologies, the use of smart terminals such as smart phones has been gradually increased, and currently, a charging scheme generally applied to smart terminals is a scheme in which an adapter connected to a power supply is directly connected to a smart terminal to charge a smart phone by receiving an external power supply, or a scheme in which an adapter is connected to a smart terminal through a USB terminal of a host to charge a smart terminal by receiving a USB power supply.
In recent years, in order to reduce the inconvenience of a smart terminal requiring direct connection to an adapter or a host through a connection line, a wireless charging scheme of wirelessly charging a battery by using magnetic coupling without electrical contact has been increasingly applied to the smart terminal.
In order to solve the problem that the power receiving device moves on the surface of the power transmitting apparatus to deteriorate the transmission efficiency, and to widen the wireless charging area on the surface of the power transmitting apparatus, a multi-coil type transmitting apparatus of an inductive coupling scheme has been introduced in which a plurality of transmitting coils are arranged to overlap each other.
Since in the wireless power transmitting apparatus of the multi-coil type, the transmitting coil disposed at the center and the transmitting coil disposed at the outside are arranged such that a part of the outer region thereof overlaps with each other, the magnetic coupling between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is different for each position. Therefore, a problem arises in that the transmission efficiency in the transmission coil disposed close to the reception coil is high, whereas the transmission efficiency in the transmission coil disposed relatively far from the reception coil is low.
Fig. 1 illustrates a case where the position of an electronic device is changed on a wireless power transmitting apparatus of a multi-coil type.
The multi-coil type wireless power transmission apparatus may include two or more transmission coils (or primary coils) located at different positions to simultaneously transmit power to two or more electronic devices. As shown in fig. 1, the wireless power transmitting apparatus of the multi-coil type has three primary coils Tx coil # 1 to Tx coil # 3, and Tx coil # 2 is disposed at the center, and Tx coil # 1 and Tx coil # 3 are disposed outside Tx coil # 2. In fig. 1, when the wireless power transmission device wirelessly transmits power to the smartphone through the TX coil # 2, the smartphone moves outward from the center, thereby causing the wireless power transmission device to wirelessly transmit power to the smartphone through the TX coil # 3. Then, since the magnetic coupling between the Tx coil # 3 and the receiving coil of the smartphone is lower than the magnetic coupling between the Tx coil # 2 and the receiving coil, the power transmission efficiency is lowered and the charging time becomes long.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-coil structure that minimizes a difference in magnetic coupling between a receiving coil and each transmitting coil in a multi-coil type wireless power transmitting apparatus.
A multi-coil for wireless power transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a first transmitting coil stacked in a multi-layered structure; and a second transmitting coil stacked in a multi-layered structure, wherein an outer edge of the first transmitting coil and an outer edge of the second transmitting coil overlap each other, and layers of the first transmitting coil and the second transmitting coil are stacked alternately.
In an embodiment, each layer of the first and second transmitting coils may be manufactured by a multi-layer PCB manufacturing process to form a spiral-shaped wire.
In an embodiment, each layer of the first and second transmitting coils may be formed by a process including circuit printing, etching, and resist stripping in a multi-layer PCB manufacturing process.
In an embodiment, each of the first and second transmitting coils may be connected to a previous layer and a next layer through via holes formed at the inner and outer terminals of the spiral-shaped wire.
In an embodiment, in the even-numbered layers of the first and second transmitting coils, the inner terminal of the spiral wire may be connected to a previous layer and the outer terminal of the spiral wire may be connected to a next layer, and in the odd-numbered layers of the first and second transmitting coils, the inner terminal of the spiral wire may be connected to a next layer and the outer terminal of the spiral wire may be connected to a previous layer. Alternatively, in the even-numbered layers of the first and second transmitting coils, the outer terminals of the spiral-shaped wires may be connected to a previous layer and the inner terminals of the spiral-shaped wires may be connected to a next layer, and in the odd-numbered layers of the first and second transmitting coils, the outer terminals of the spiral-shaped wires may be connected to a next layer and the inner terminals of the spiral-shaped wires may be connected to a previous layer.
In an embodiment, each layer of the first and second transmitting coils may be manufactured by a multi-layer PCB manufacturing process to form a single closed-curve wire, a portion of which is cut to have two terminals, a first terminal of the two terminals may be connected to a previous layer through a first via hole, and a second terminal of the two terminals may be connected to a next layer through a second via hole.
In an embodiment, as the layers advance, the position of the two terminals in each layer may move in the same direction along a single closed curve by the distance between the two terminals. Alternatively, the positions of the two terminals may be the same in the respective layers, and the direction in which the cut-off portion in a single closed curve is connected to the two terminals may be alternately (alternatingly) changed depending on whether the corresponding layer is an odd layer or an even layer.
A wireless power transmitting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of transmitting coils for changing a magnetic field by an alternating current, including a first transmitting coil stacked in a multi-layer structure and a second transmitting coil stacked in a multi-layer structure, an outer edge of the first transmitting coil and an outer edge of the second transmitting coil overlapping each other; a shield for limiting propagation of a magnetic field generated in the plurality of transmitting coils; and a case for surrounding the plurality of transmitting coils and the shielding part, wherein layers of the first coil and the second coil are alternately stacked.
Therefore, the charging efficiency can be made uniform regardless of the position of the receiving device in the charging area of the wireless charger. Also, even if the receiving apparatus moves during charging, deterioration of charging efficiency can be minimized and charging time can be reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a case where the position of an electronic device is changed on a wireless power transmitting apparatus of a multi-coil type,
figure 2 conceptually illustrates wirelessly transmitting power from a power transmitting device to an electronic device,
figure 3 conceptually illustrates a circuit configuration of a power conversion unit of a transmitting device for wirelessly transmitting power in an electromagnetic induction scheme,
fig 4 illustrates a configuration for a wireless power transmitting apparatus and a wireless power receiving device to transmit and receive power and messages,
fig 5 is a block diagram of a cycle for controlling power transfer between a wireless power transmitting apparatus and a wireless power receiving device,
fig 6 shows a coil arrangement structure of a conventional multi-coil type wireless power transmitting apparatus using three transmitting coils,
figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional multi-coil using a multi-layer structure,
figure 8 compares a cross-sectional view of a multi-coil obtained by alternately stacking with a cross-sectional view of a multi-coil obtained by sequentially stacking according to an embodiment of the present invention,
figure 9 is a graph showing the change in coupling coefficient between each transmit coil and the receive coil as the receive coil moves,
figure 10 shows the maximum coupling coefficient between the transmit coil and the receive coil,
fig. 11 and 12 illustrate positions for connecting each layer to both ends of the previous and next layers through via holes when the multi-layer transmission coil is manufactured through a PCB manufacturing process,
fig. 13 shows an exploded perspective view of a charger equipped with multiple coils stacked in a multi-layered structure and cross-stacked with adjacent transmitting coils according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a multi-coil for wirelessly transmitting or receiving power according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 conceptually illustrates wirelessly transmitting power from a power transmitting device to an electronic apparatus.
The wireless power transmitting apparatus 100 may be a power transmitting apparatus that wirelessly transmits power required by the wireless power receiving device or the electronic device 200, or a wireless charging apparatus for charging a battery by wirelessly transmitting power. Alternatively, the wireless power transmission apparatus 100 may be implemented by one of various types of apparatuses that transmit power to the electronic device 200 that requires contactless power.
The electronic device 200 may operate by wirelessly receiving power from the wireless power transmission apparatus 100 and by charging the battery using the wirelessly received power. The electronic device that wirelessly receives power may include a portable electronic device, for example, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a multimedia terminal, an input/output device such as a keyboard, a mouse, a video or audio auxiliary device, a secondary battery, and the like.
Power may be wirelessly transmitted through an inductive coupling scheme based on an electromagnetic induction phenomenon by a wireless power signal generated by the wireless power transmitting apparatus 100. That is, resonance is generated in the electronic apparatus 200 by the wireless power signal transmitted by the wireless power transmitting apparatus 100, and power is transferred from the wireless power transmitting apparatus 100 to the electronic apparatus 200 without contact through the resonance. A magnetic field is changed by an AC current in the primary coil, and a current is induced to the secondary coil by an electromagnetic induction phenomenon to transmit power.
When the intensity of the current flowing on the primary coil of the wireless power transmitting apparatus 100 is changed, the magnetic field passing through the primary coil (or the transmitting Tx coil) is changed by the current, and the changed magnetic field generates an induced electromotive force at the secondary coil (or the receiving Rx coil) in the electronic device 200.
When the wireless power transmission apparatus 100 and the electronic device 200 are arranged such that the transmission coil at the wireless power transmission apparatus 100 and the reception coil at the electronic device 200 become close to each other and the wireless power transmission apparatus 100 controls the current of the transmission coil to change, the electronic device 200 may supply power to a load such as a battery by using the electromotive force induced to the reception coil.
The efficiency of wireless power transmission based on the inductive coupling scheme is affected by the layout and distance between the wireless power transmitting apparatus 100 and the electronic device 200. The wireless power transmitting apparatus 100 is configured to include a flat interface surface and the transmit coil is mounted on the bottom of the interface surface and the one or more electronic devices may lie flat on top of the interface surface. By making the gap between the transmitting coil mounted on the bottom of the interface surface and the receiving coil placed on the top of the interface surface sufficiently small, the efficiency of wireless power transmission by the inductive coupling method can be increased.
A marker indicating a position where the electronic device is to be laid flat may be displayed on top of the interface surface. The markers may indicate the position of the electronic device that makes proper the arrangement between the primary and secondary coils mounted on the bottom of the interface surface. Protruding structures for guiding the position of the electronic device may be formed on top of the interface surface. And a magnet may be formed on the bottom of the interface surface so that the primary coil and the secondary coil can be guided by an attractive force with a magnet of another pole disposed inside the electronic device.
Fig. 3 conceptually illustrates a circuit configuration of a power conversion unit of a transmitting device for wirelessly transmitting power in an electromagnetic induction scheme.
The wireless power transmitting apparatus may include a power conversion unit, which generally includes a power source, an inverter, and a resonant circuit. The power source may be a voltage source or a current source, and the power conversion unit converts power supplied from the power source into a wireless power signal and transmits the converted wireless power signal to the reception apparatus. The wireless power signal is formed in the form of a magnetic field or an electromagnetic field having a resonance characteristic. Also, the resonant circuit includes a coil that generates the wireless power signal.
The inverter converts the DC input into an AC waveform having a desired voltage and a desired frequency through the switching elements and the control circuit. Also, in fig. 2, a full-bridge inverter is illustrated, and other types of inverters including a half-bridge inverter and the like may also be used.
The resonance circuit includes a primary coil Lp and a capacitor Cp to transmit power based on a magnetic induction scheme. The coil and the capacitor determine the fundamental resonance frequency of the power transmission. The primary coil forms a magnetic field corresponding to the wireless power signal as a change in current, and may be implemented in a flat form or a solenoid form.
The AC current converted by the inverter drives the resonance circuit, and as a result, a magnetic field is formed in the primary coil. By controlling the on/off timing of the included switch, the inverter generates an AC having a frequency close to the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit to increase the transmission efficiency of the transmitting device. The transmission efficiency of the transmitting device can be changed by controlling the inverter.
Fig. 4 illustrates a configuration for a wireless power transmitting apparatus and a wireless power receiving device to transmit and receive power and messages.
Since the power conversion unit transmits power unilaterally regardless of the receiving state of the receiving device, a configuration for receiving feedback associated with the receiving state from the receiving device is required in the wireless power transmission apparatus in order to transmit power according to the state of the receiving device.
The wireless power transmission apparatus 100 may include a power conversion unit 110, a first communication unit 120, a first control unit 130, and a power supply unit 140. Also, the wireless power receiving apparatus 200 may include the power receiving unit 210, the second communication unit 220, and the second control unit 230 and may further include a load 250 to which the received power is to be supplied.
The power conversion unit 110 includes the inverter and the resonance circuit of fig. 3 and may further include a circuit controlling characteristics including frequency, voltage, current, and the like for forming a wireless power signal.
The first communication unit 120 connected to the power conversion unit 110 may demodulate a wireless power signal modulated by the receiving apparatus 200, which receives power wirelessly from the transmitting device 100 in a magnetic induction scheme, thereby detecting a power control message.
The first control unit 130 determines one or more characteristics among the operating frequency, voltage, and current of the power conversion unit 110 based on the message detected by the communication unit 120, and controls the power conversion unit 110 to generate a wireless power signal suitable for the message. The first communication unit 120 and the first control unit 130 may be configured as one module.
The power receiving unit 210 may include a matching circuit including a secondary coil and a capacitor that generate an induced electromotive force according to a change in a magnetic field generated from the primary coil of the power conversion unit 110, and may further include a rectifying circuit that rectifies an AC current flowing on the secondary coil to output a DC current.
The second communication unit 220 connected to the power receiving unit 210 may change a wireless power signal between the transmitting apparatus and the receiving device to transmit a power control message to the transmitting apparatus by adjusting a load of the power receiving unit according to a method of adjusting a resistive load at DC and/or a capacitive load at AC.
The second control unit 230 controls the respective components included in the reception apparatus. The second control unit 230 may measure the output of the power receiving unit 210 in the form of current or voltage, and control the second communication unit 220 to transmit a power control message to the wireless power transmitting apparatus 100 based on the measured output. The message may instruct the wireless power transmission apparatus 100 to start or terminate transmission of the wireless power signal and control characteristics of the wireless power signal.
The wireless power signal formed by the power conversion unit 110 is received by the power receiving unit 210, and the second control unit 230 of the receiving apparatus controls the second communication unit 220 to modulate the wireless power signal. The second control unit 230 may perform a modulation process to change the amount of power received from the wireless power signal by changing the reactance of the second communication unit 220. When the amount of power received from the wireless power signal changes, the current and/or voltage of the power conversion unit 110 forming the wireless power signal also changes, and the first communication unit 120 of the wireless power transmission apparatus 100 may sense the change in the current and/or voltage of the power conversion unit 110 and perform a demodulation process.
The second control unit 230 generates a packet including a message to be transmitted to the wireless power transmitting apparatus 100, and modulates the wireless power signal to include the generated packet. The first control unit 130 may acquire the power control message by decoding the packet extracted via the first communication unit 120. The second control unit 230 may transmit a message for requesting a change in characteristics of the wireless power signal based on the amount of power received through the power receiving unit 210 in order to control power to be received.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a cycle for controlling power transmission between a wireless power transmitting apparatus and a wireless power receiving device.
According to the change of the magnetic field generated by the power conversion unit 110 of the transmitting device 100, a current is induced in the power receiving unit 210 of the receiving apparatus 200, and power is transmitted. The second control unit 230 of the receiving apparatus selects a desired control point, i.e., a desired output current and/or voltage, and determines an actual control point of the power received through the power receiving unit 210.
The second control unit 230 calculates a control error value by using a desired control point and an actual control point when transmitting power, and may take, for example, a difference between two output voltages or two output currents as the control error value. The control error value may be determined, for example, to be a negative value when less power is required to reach the desired control point, and may be determined to be a positive value when more power is required to reach the desired control point. The second control unit 230 may generate a packet including the calculated control error value calculated by changing the reactance of the power receiving unit 210 over time through the second communication unit 220 to transmit the packet to the transmission device 100.
The first communication unit 120 of the transmitting apparatus detects a message by demodulating a packet included in the wireless power signal modulated by the receiving device 200, and may demodulate a control error packet including a control error value.
The first control unit 130 of the transmitting apparatus may acquire a control error value by decoding the control error packet extracted via the first communication unit 120, and determine a new current value for transmitting power required by the receiving device by using the actual current value actually flowing on the power conversion unit 110 and the control error value.
When the process of receiving the control error packet from the receiving apparatus is stabilized, the first control unit 130 controls the power conversion unit 110 so that the operation point reaches a new operation point, whereby the actual current value flowing on the primary coil becomes a new current value, and the amplitude, frequency, duty ratio, and the like of the AC voltage applied to the primary coil becomes a new value. And, the first control unit 130 controls the new operation point to be continuously maintained, so that the receiving apparatus additionally transmits control information or status information.
The interaction between the wireless power transmitting apparatus 100 and the wireless power receiving device 200 may include four steps of selection, ping, identification and configuration, and power transfer. The selecting step is a step in which the emitting device finds the object lying on the interface surface. The ping step is a step for verifying whether the object includes a receiving device. The identifying and configuring step is a preparatory step for transmitting power to the receiving device, during which appropriate information is received from the receiving device, and a power transfer contract is made with the receiving device based on the received information. The power transfer step is a step of actually wirelessly transmitting power to the receiving apparatus through interaction between the transmitting device and the receiving apparatus.
In the ping step, the receiving apparatus 200 transmits a signal strength packet SSP indicating a degree of magnetic flux coupling between the primary coil and the secondary coil through modulation of the resonance waveform. The signal strength packet SSP is a message generated by the receiving device based on the rectified voltage. The transmitting apparatus 100 may receive the message from the receiving device 200 and use the message to select an initial driving frequency for power transmission.
In the identifying and configuring step, the receiving apparatus 200 transmits an identification packet including a version of the receiving apparatus 200, a manufacturer code, apparatus identification information, and the like, a configuration packet including information including a maximum power of the receiving apparatus 200, a power transmission method, and the like to the transmitting device 100.
In the power transmission step, the reception apparatus 200 transmits to the transmission device 100 a control error packet CEP indicating a difference between an operation point at which the reception apparatus 200 receives the power signal and an operation point determined in the power transfer subscription; a reception power packet RPP indicating an average value of power received by the reception apparatus 200 through the interface surface, and so on.
The reception power packet RPP is data on the amount of received power, which is obtained by acquiring a rectified voltage, a load current, an offset power, and the like of the power receiving unit 210 of the receiving device, and is continuously transmitted to the transmitting apparatus 100 when the receiving device 200 receives power. The transmitting device 100 receives the reception power packet RPP and uses it as an operation factor for power control.
The first communication unit 120 of the transmitting apparatus extracts a packet from the variation of the resonance waveform, and the first control unit 130 decodes the extracted packet to acquire a message, and controls the power conversion unit 110 based on this to wirelessly transmit power while changing the power transmission characteristic when requested by the receiving device 200.
Meanwhile, in the scheme of wirelessly transferring power based on inductive coupling, efficiency is less affected by frequency characteristics, but affected by the arrangement and distance between the transmitting apparatus 100 and the receiving device 200.
The area where the wireless power signal can reach may be divided into two types. The portion of the interface surface through which the high-efficiency magnetic field can pass when the transmitting apparatus 100 wirelessly transmits power to the receiving device 200 may be referred to as an active area. The region where the transmitting apparatus 100 can sense the presence of the receiving device 200 may be referred to as a sensing region.
The first control unit 130 of the transmitting apparatus may sense whether the receiving device is disposed at or removed from the active area or the sensing area. The first control unit 130 may detect whether the receiving apparatus 200 is disposed in the active area or the sensing area by using a wireless power signal formed in the power conversion unit 110 or using a separately provided sensor.
For example, the first control unit 130 may detect whether the receiving device is present by monitoring whether power characteristics for forming a wireless power signal, which is affected by the receiving device 200 present in the sensing region, are changed. According to the result of detecting the presence of the reception apparatus 200, the first control unit 130 may perform a process of identifying the reception apparatus 200 or determining whether to start wireless power transfer.
The power conversion unit 110 of the transmitting device may further include a position determination unit. The position determination unit may move or rotate the primary coil in order to increase the efficiency of the wireless power transfer based on the inductive coupling scheme, and particularly, in order to be used when the receiving device 200 is not present in the active area of the transmitting apparatus 100.
The position determination unit may include a driving unit for moving the primary coil such that a distance between the center of the primary coil of the transmission apparatus 100 and the secondary coil of the reception device 200 is within a predetermined range or such that the centers of the primary coil and the secondary coil overlap each other. To this end, the transmitting apparatus 100 may further include a sensor or a sensing unit for sensing the position of the receiving device 200. And the first control unit 130 of the transmitting apparatus may control the position determination unit based on the position information of the receiving device 200 received from the sensor of the sensing unit.
Alternatively, the first control unit 130 of the transmitting apparatus may receive control information regarding the arrangement with the receiving device 200 or the distance from the receiving device 200 through the first communication unit 120 and control the position determination unit based on the control information.
Further, the transmitting apparatus 100 may include two or more primary coils to improve transmission efficiency by selectively using some of the two or more primary coils appropriately arranged with the secondary coil of the receiving device 200. In this case, the position determination unit may determine which of the two or more primary coils are used for power transmission.
A single primary coil or a combination of one or more primary coils forming a magnetic field across the active area may be designated as a primary unit. The first control unit 130 of the transmitting apparatus may sense the position of the receiving device 200, determine an effective area based on the determined effective area, connect a transmitting module configuring a primary unit corresponding to the effective area, and control a primary coil of the transmitting module to be inductively coupled to a secondary coil of the receiving device 200.
Meanwhile, since the receiving apparatus 200 is embedded in a smart phone or an electronic device such as a multimedia reproduction terminal or a smart device and is laid flat in a direction or position on the interface surface of the transmitting device 100 that is not constant in the vertical or horizontal direction, the transmitting device requires a wide effective area.
When a plurality of primary coils are used to widen the effective area, as many driving circuits as the primary coils are required and it is complicated to control the plurality of primary coils. As a result, during commercialization, the cost of the transmitting device or the wireless charger increases. Further, in order to expand the effective area, even if a scheme of changing the position of the primary coil is applied, since it is necessary to provide a migration mechanism for moving the position of the primary coil, there is a problem in that the volume and weight are increased and the manufacturing cost is increased.
A method of extending the effective area using one primary coil whose position is fixed is also effective. However, when only the size of the primary coil is increased, the magnetic flux density per unit area is reduced, and the magnetic coupling force between the primary coil and the secondary coil is weakened. As a result, the effective area is not increased as expected, and the transmission efficiency is also decreased.
Therefore, it is important to determine an appropriate shape and an appropriate size of the primary coil in order to expand the effective area and improve the transmission efficiency. A multi-coil scheme employing two or more primary coils may be an effective method of expanding an effective area of a wireless power transmission apparatus.
Fig. 6 illustrates a coil arrangement structure of a conventional multi-coil type wireless power transmitting apparatus using three transmitting coils.
The plurality of transmission coils are arranged to widen a wireless charging area in the wireless power transmission apparatus. In order to ensure that there is no dead zone where the receiving apparatus lying on the wireless charging area cannot receive power, in the conventional structure, for example, three transmitting coils (first to third transmitting coils Tx coil # 1, Tx coil # 2, and Tx coil #3) are arranged in the x direction shown in fig. 6, and the first to third transmitting coils are arranged such that the left and right outer edges of the second transmitting coil Tx coil # 2 located at the center overlap with the outer edges of the first and third transmitting coils Tx coil # 1 and #3, respectively.
In fig. 6, since the receiving coil of the power receiving apparatus is placed above the wireless power transmitting device, the first transmitting coil Tx coil # 1 and the third transmitting coil Tx coil # 3 disposed at the outer sides are disposed below, and the second transmitting coil Tx coil # 2 disposed at the center is disposed thereon, the second transmitting coil Tx coil # 2 becomes the closest to the receiving coil.
Fig. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a conventional multi-coil using a multi-layer structure. Fig. 7 enlarges only a portion where two coils overlap. In fig. 7, (a) is a structure in which four layers are stacked per coil, and (b) is a structure in which two layers are stacked per coil, and (c) is a structure in which each coil includes only one layer.
When power is transmitted at a high frequency of several hundred kHz, an attempt is made to reduce the AC resistance component by manufacturing a coil having a multilayer structure as shown in fig. 7 in consideration of the skin effect generated in the coil line. In fig. 7, the gap ta between the coil layer at the highest position and the lower substrate (e.g., ferrite sheet, shield sheet, or substrate formed by laminating them) is the same.
For example, in the case of operation at 100kHz, implementing a copper foil having a thickness of 400 μm in a multilayer structure may be advantageous in reducing AC resistance because the skin effect depth due to skin effect is 200 μm and current does not flow in the wire above this depth.
When the transmitting coils are arranged in a structure in which outer edges of the transmitting coils overlap each other so as to widen the charging area, the first transmitting coil Tx coil # 1 located at the outer side of the power transmitting apparatus is first stacked in a multi-layer structure, and then the second transmitting coil Tx coil # 2 is stacked on the first transmitting coil Tx coil # 1 in a multi-layer manner, as shown in fig. 7. That is, the conventional power transmitting device employs a sequentially stacked structure as a method of stacking multiple coils, in which one transmitting coil is stacked on another transmitting coil that has been stacked in a region where two adjacent transmitting coils overlap.
Therefore, a difference occurs between the degree of magnetic coupling kr1 or kr3 between the receiving coil and the first or third transmitting coil Tx coil # 1 or Tx coil # 3 located relatively below and the degree of magnetic coupling kr2 between the receiving coil and the second transmitting coil Tx coil # 2 located relatively above, and the relationship kr2> kr1 ═ kr3 holds.
Since the degree of magnetic coupling between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is an important factor determining the transmission efficiency, in the wireless power transmitting apparatus of the sequentially stacked structure, the transmission efficiency is high in the vicinity of the second transmitting coil Tx coil # 2, and the transmission efficiency is relatively low in the vicinity of the first or third transmitting coil Tx coil # 1 or Tx coil # 3.
When each of the transmitting coils is stacked in a multi-layer structure in a multi-coil type power transmitting apparatus in order to reduce AC resistance, the present invention stacks two or more transmitting coils adjacent to each other and overlapping each other at their outer edges in turn (in turn) or in a cross-stacked manner, thereby reducing the difference in magnetic coupling between each of the transmitting coils and the receiving coil.
Fig. 8 compares a cross-sectional view of a multi-coil obtained by alternately stacking according to an embodiment of the present invention with a cross-sectional view of a multi-coil obtained by sequentially stacking. Fig. 8a is a structure in which layers of each of two adjacent multi-layered transmission coils are sequentially stacked, and fig. 8b is a structure in which layers of each of two adjacent multi-layered transmission coils are stacked in turn according to the present invention.
If the transmitting coils are sequentially stacked, the transmitting coil stacked below is farther away from the receiving coil than the transmitting coil stacked above, and thus the transmitting coil stacked below is inevitably low in magnetic coupling with the receiving coil. In order to solve such a problem, layers of two adjacent multilayer transmission coils are alternately stacked, thereby reducing a deviation in distance between the reception coil and each transmission coil and reducing a difference in magnetic coupling degree.
As shown in fig. 8b, the first and second transmission coils Tx coil # 1 and Tx coil # 2 are alternately stacked such that a first layer of the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1 is formed on the substrate, a first layer of the second transmission coil Tx coil # 2 is formed on the first layer of the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1, a second layer of the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1 is formed on the first layer of the second transmission coil Tx coil # 2, and a second layer of the second transmission coil Tx coil # 2 is formed on the second layer of the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing a change in coupling coefficient between each transmission coil and the reception coil when the reception coil moves, and fig. 10 shows a maximum coupling coefficient between the transmission coil and the reception coil.
If the magnetic coupling between the receiving coil and the respective transmitting coils is measured while moving the receiving coil in the x direction, the obtained magnetic coupling is as shown in fig. 9 in the case where the respective coils constituting the plurality of transmitting coils are stacked in a multi-layer structure and the layers of two adjacent transmitting coils are alternately stacked as shown in fig. 8 b. In fig. 9, kr1 is the magnetic coupling between the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1 and the reception coil, kr2 is the magnetic coupling between the second transmission coil Tx coil # 2 and the reception coil, and kr3 is the magnetic coupling between the third transmission coil Tx coil # 3 and the reception coil.
The receiving coil of the power receiving device is coupled with one of the three transmitting coils having the highest magnetic coupling for wirelessly receiving power. Therefore, if the degree of magnetic coupling is measured while moving the power reception device in the x direction, a change in the degree of magnetic coupling as shown in fig. 10 can be recognized. When the rate of change of the degree of magnetic coupling is defined as Δ kr ═ kr2, max-kr 1, max, the rate of change of the degree of magnetic coupling is shown in fig. 10.
In a structure in which the thickness of the coil is 12OZ and each transmission coil has a single layer of 12_1L, the thickness of the coil is 6OZ and each transmission coil has a double layer of 6_2LS stacked sequentially, and a structure in which the thickness of the coil is 6OZ and each transmission coil has a double layer of 6_2LA stacked alternately with the layers of the other transmission coil, the rates of change in the degree of magnetic coupling for the 3 structures are 0.058, 0.046, and 0.038, respectively, which shows that the structure in which the layers are stacked alternately is most excellent. Here, 1OZ indicates 35 um.
Meanwhile, in the case of forming a transmission coil of a multi-layer structure by winding Litz (Litz) wire, a first layer of the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1 is formed by winding a wire of the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1 once, a first layer of the second transmission coil Tx coil # 2 is formed by winding a wire of the second transmission coil Tx coil # 2 once on the first layer of the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1, a second layer of the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1 is formed by winding a wire of the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1 once on the first layer of the second transmission coil Tx coil # 2, and a second layer of the second transmission coil Tx coil # 2 is formed by winding a wire of the second transmission coil Tx coil # 2 once on the second layer of the first transmission coil Tx coil # 1.
The multi-coil sequentially stacked in a multi-layer structure may be manufactured through a multi-layer PCB manufacturing process. In this case, for each layer of the multi-coil sequentially stacked, processes including circuit printing, etching, resist stripping, insulating layer lamination, and via hole trimming are performed to form copper foils of the respective layers, and then the respective layers are laminated using an adhesive.
When each of the transmitting coils is formed in a multi-layer structure through a multi-layer PCB process, respective layers having the same shape and size, for example, a circle, a square, or an equilateral triangle of the same size, may be formed. The wires or copper foils constituting each layer must be connected in series to the wires of the other layers, i.e., the previous layer and the next layer.
In the case where the wires of each layer of the respective transmission coils are formed in a spiral shape, the wires of the respective layers are connected to the wires of the previous layer (or lower layer) and the wires of the next layer (or upper layer) through the inner terminals and the outer terminals. Since current must flow in the same direction in the wires of the respective layers in the transmitting coil having a plurality of layers, the spiral-shaped wires in each even-numbered layer are connected to the wires of the previous layer through the inner terminals and to the wires of the next layer through the outer terminals, and the spiral-shaped wires in each odd-numbered layer are connected to the wires of the previous layer through the outer terminals and to the wires of the next layer through the inner terminals. The reverse is also possible. Through holes may be formed at both ends of the wires of each layer to connect the wires to the wires of the previous and next layers.
Meanwhile, in the case where each layer of the transmitting coil is formed in a single closed curve instead of a spiral shape, in order to connect the wire of each layer to the wires of the previous and next layers in series, a portion of the closed curve corresponding to the shape of the transmitting coil may be cut to form both ends, and one of the both ends may be connected to the previous layer through a via hole, and the other of the both ends may be connected to the next layer through a via hole.
The current must flow in the same direction in the respective layers of the transmitting coil having the plurality of layers, and each layer forming the same-shaped wire must be connected to the lower layer and the upper layer in series. Therefore, as shown in fig. 11, as the layers advance, the positions of the two ends or terminals Td and Tu forming the through holes in each layer may be moved in the same direction by a distance between the two ends along the closed curve. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 12, the positions of both ends Td and Tu at which the through-holes are formed in each layer may be fixed, and the direction in which the cut-off portions in the closed curve are connected to the two through-holes may be alternately changed depending on whether it is an odd layer or an even layer.
In fig. 11, when the layer advances from the first layer # 1 to the third layer # 3 through the second layer # 2, the position where the two terminals are formed is shifted by the distance between the two terminals in the clockwise direction. Also, the up terminal T1u of the previous layer # 1 is located at the same position as the down terminal T2d of the current layer # 2, and the up terminal T2u of the current layer # 2 is located at the same position as the down terminal T3d of the next layer # 3.
In fig. 12, the positions of the two terminals are the same in the respective layers. The positions of the up terminal Tu and the down terminal Td are switched from the odd-numbered layer to the even-numbered layer. In the first and third layers # 1 and #3, which are odd-numbered layers, the down terminal Td is located outside the circular closed curve, and the up terminal Tu is located inside the closed curve. Also, in the second layer # 2, that is, in the even-numbered layers, the down terminal Td is located inside the circular closed curve, and the up terminal Tu is located outside the closed curve.
Fig. 13 shows an exploded perspective view of a charger equipped with multiple coils stacked in a multi-layered structure and cross-stacked with adjacent transmitting coils according to the present invention.
The charger 300 in fig. 13 may include a wireless power transmitting device that provides inductive power. On the upper surface of the charger, an electronic apparatus including a power receiving apparatus to be charged is placed, and a seating surface having an operation area may be formed. When the electronic device is placed on the seating surface, the charger may detect this and begin wireless charging.
In the charger 300, a plurality of transmitting coils 320 cross-stacked in a multi-layered structure as shown in fig. 8 may be mounted between the front case 311 and the rear case 312, and a shield 330 may be formed under the plurality of transmitting coils 320. That is, the shield 330 may be formed between the rear case 312 of the charger 300 and the plurality of transmitting coils 320, and may be formed to at least partially exceed the outer circumferences of the plurality of transmitting coils 320.
The shielding part 330 may prevent elements such as a microprocessor, a memory, etc., formed on a circuit board (not shown) from being affected by an electromagnetic effect due to the operation of the plurality of transmitting coils 320 or prevent the plurality of transmitting coils 320 from being affected by an electromagnetic effect due to the operation of elements mounted on the circuit board. The shield portion 330 may be made of stainless steel or titanium that does not require plating.
Further, a ferrite sheet (not shown) is provided between the plurality of transmitting coils 320 and a circuit board (not shown), which makes it possible to prevent electromagnetic interference, such as eddy current generated in the plurality of transmitting coils 320 or the circuit board, from affecting other components.
The charger 300 may have a structure in which a power conversion unit including a transmitting coil, a communication unit, a control unit, a power supply unit, and the like are provided in one body. Alternatively, the charger 300 may be a structure in which a first body in which the plurality of transmitting coils 320 and the shield 330 are mounted is separated from a second body including a power conversion unit, a communication unit, a control unit, a power supply unit, and the like for controlling the operation of the plurality of transmitting coils 320.
Also, the main body of the charger 300 may be provided with an output unit such as a display or a speaker, a user input unit, a socket for supplying power, or an interface for coupling an external device. A display may be formed on an upper surface of the front case 311, and a user input unit, a socket, and the like may be disposed on a side surface of the main body.
Therefore, regardless of the position of the wireless power receiving apparatus in the charging region of the power transmitting device, the power transmitting device can wirelessly transmit power to the wireless power receiving apparatus without a large change in its charging efficiency.
Throughout the specification, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the detailed description in the specification, but should be defined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-coil for wireless power transfer, comprising:
a first transmitting coil stacked in a multi-layer structure; and
a second transmitting coil stacked in the multi-layer structure,
wherein an outer edge of the first transmitting coil and an outer edge of the second transmitting coil overlap each other, and layers of the first transmitting coil and the second transmitting coil are stacked alternately.
2. The multi-coil for wireless power transfer of claim 1, wherein each layer of the first and second transmit coils is fabricated by a multi-layer PCB fabrication process to form a spiral-shaped wire.
3. The multi-coil for wireless power transfer of claim 2, wherein each layer of the first and second transmit coils is formed by a process of the multi-layer PCB manufacturing process comprising circuit printing, etching, and resist stripping.
4. The multi-coil for wireless power transmission according to claim 2, wherein each layer of the first and second transmission coils is connected to a previous layer and a next layer through-holes formed at inner and outer terminals of the spiral-shaped wire.
5. The multi-coil for wireless power transmission according to claim 4, wherein in even-numbered layers of the first and second transmission coils, an inner terminal of the spiral wire is connected to the previous layer and an outer terminal of the spiral wire is connected to the next layer, and in odd-numbered layers of the first and second transmission coils, the inner terminal of the spiral wire is connected to the next layer and the outer terminal of the spiral wire is connected to the previous layer, or
Wherein, in the even-numbered layers of the first and second transmission coils, the outer terminal of the spiral wire is connected to the previous layer and the inner terminal of the spiral wire is connected to the next layer, and in the odd-numbered layers of the first and second transmission coils, the outer terminal of the spiral wire is connected to the next layer and the inner terminal of the spiral wire is connected to the previous layer.
6. The multi-coil for wireless power transmission of claim 1, wherein each layer of the first and second transmit coils is manufactured by a multi-layer PCB manufacturing process to form a single closed-curve wire, a portion of which is cut to have two terminals, and
wherein a first terminal of the two terminals is connected to a previous layer through a first via hole, and a second terminal of the two terminals is connected to a next layer through a second via hole.
7. The multi-coil for wireless power transfer of claim 6, wherein the position of the two terminals in each layer moves the distance between the two terminals in the same direction along the single closed curve as the layers advance, or
Wherein positions of the two terminals are the same in the respective layers, and directions in which the cut portions in the single closed curve are connected to the two terminals are alternately changed depending on whether the corresponding layer is an odd-numbered layer or an even-numbered layer.
8. A wireless power transmitting apparatus, comprising:
a plurality of transmitting coils for changing a magnetic field by an alternating current, including a first transmitting coil stacked in a multi-layered structure and a second transmitting coil stacked in the multi-layered structure, an outer edge of the first transmitting coil and an outer edge of the second transmitting coil overlapping each other;
a shield for limiting propagation of a magnetic field generated in the plurality of transmit coils; and
a housing for surrounding the plurality of transmitting coils and the shield,
wherein the layers of the first coil and the second coil are stacked alternately.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2018-0065106 | 2018-06-05 | ||
| KR1020180065106A KR20190138536A (en) | 2018-06-05 | 2018-06-05 | Multiple coils for transmitting power wirelessly |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110635574A true CN110635574A (en) | 2019-12-31 |
Family
ID=68692743
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910468886.5A Pending CN110635574A (en) | 2018-06-05 | 2019-05-31 | Multi-coil for wirelessly transmitting power |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20190371515A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2019212912A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20190138536A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110635574A (en) |
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| CN111508695A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-08-07 | 深圳赫兹创新技术有限公司 | Wireless charging coil assembly and wireless power transmission device |
| CN113036938A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-25 | 奇瑞商用车（安徽）有限公司 | Wireless charging system that electric automobile can regulate and control |
| WO2024029834A1 (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2024-02-08 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Flat coil |
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| US11063480B2 (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2021-07-13 | Aira, Inc. | Adaptive passive Ping |
| JP6729919B1 (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2020-07-29 | 株式会社レーザーシステム | Resonance device, power transmission device, and power transmission method |
| US11521792B2 (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2022-12-06 | Utah State University | Wireless power transfer with active field cancellation using multiple magnetic flux sinks |
| CN113131621A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-16 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Wireless charging method and device, terminal equipment, charging system and storage medium |
| US20220068540A1 (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-03 | Waymo Llc | Strain Relief Mounting Surface For Ferrite Cores |
| KR20220031203A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Wireless power transmission device including shielding member |
| US20230369916A1 (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2023-11-16 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Wireless power transmission apparatus, wireless power reception apparatus, and wireless charging system |
| US11565594B2 (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2023-01-31 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Vehicle and battery charging system for a vehicle |
| CN114825565B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2024-04-19 | 湖北工业大学 | Method for designing transmitting unit of dynamic wireless charging system of electric automobile |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR20190138536A (en) | 2019-12-13 |
| US20190371515A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
| JP2019212912A (en) | 2019-12-12 |
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